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People with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hEDS) or hypermobility spectrum disorders (HSDs) are at greater risk of developing temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), perhaps due to the general joint hypermobility. There is, however, no information on how oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) is affected in people with hEDS or HSD with TMD. The authors' aim was to assess OHRQoL via the 14-item, short version Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), as well as associated risk factors in women with TMD symptoms and confirmed hEDS or HSD. A digital questionnaire was sent to members of The Swedish National EDS Association who reported having a confirmed or suspected EDS or HSD diagnosis in the health care system from January through March 2022. Then, a sample of 133 women with confirmed hEDS or HSD and TMD symptoms was constructed, and information on the following variables was collected: TMD symptoms, age, general health, oral health–related factors, comorbid symptoms, and psychological factors. Linear regression analysis was conducted to investigate the association between these variables and the OHIP-14 summary score as the outcome. Most participants reported TMD pain symptoms (93.9%), temporomandibular joint clicking (89.5%), and crepitation (55.6%). The mean (SD) total OHIP-14 summary score was 21.0 (13.2). Oral function had the lowest impact (2.0 [2.4]) and orofacial pain had the highest impact on OHRQoL (3.9 [2.5]). Self-reported bruxism, poor general health, and comorbid symptoms were significantly associated with impaired OHRQoL. Women with confirmed hEDS or HSD and TMD symptoms have a considerably impaired OHRQoL. The multidimensional phenomenon of OHRQoL in this group needs to be considered in management strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Objective Materials and Methods Results Conclusions To explore the oral health‐related quality of life and its possible risk factors among adults with Osteogenesis Imperfecta using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)‐49 questionnaire. Secondary objectives were to investigate the impact of self‐reported Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Dentinogenesis Imperfecta, and age on various dental parameters.A cross‐sectional questionnaire was distributed online to 417 Dutch adults with Osteogenesis Imperfecta at three national referral centers. Multivariate linear regression was performed to identify indicators for OHIP‐49 Scores. The effect of Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Dentinogenesis Imperfecta, and age on various dental parameters was investigated using logistic regressions (p < 0.05).One hundred and fifty‐five questionnaires (37.2%) were suitable for analysis. Osteogenesis Imperfecta type III was significantly associated with higher OHIP‐49 scores as compared to type I. Symptoms of temporomandibular disorders, missing teeth or dentures also increased the OHIP‐49 scores significantly. Osteogenesis Imperfecta type IV and increasing age were associated with missing teeth. There was a 31.94 times (95% CI: 8.56–119.13) higher odds of tooth fracture with self‐reported Dentinogenesis Imperfecta.Adults with Osteogenesis Imperfecta type III report a lower oral health‐related quality of life compared to Osteogenesis Imperfecta type I adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Individuals with opioid dependence often experience poor oral health, including dental decay, periodontal disease and mucosal infection, frequently exacerbated by factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, inadequate oral hygiene and low utilisation of oral health services. This study aimed to assess oral health status and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among opioid-dependent individuals and explore their potential associations. Methods: Participants enrolled in an opioid treatment program (OTP) at three Australian urban clinics were assessed using the validated Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT) and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Results: The average age of the 75 participants was 44.7 years, with 45% receiving opioid treatment for over 5 years. Dental decay and inadequate oral hygiene were prevalent. Mean OHAT and OHIP-14 scores were 6.93 and 20.95 respectively, indicating moderate oral health severity and poor OHRQoL. Physical pain and psychological discomfort significantly impacted participants' quality of life, with the effects being particularly pronounced for those aged 30 and above. An exploratory analysis revealed a strong correlation between OHAT and OHIP-14 severity scores, with a one-point increase in OHAT associated with 1.85 times higher odds of a lower OHRQoL (odds ratio = 1.85, 95% confidence interval: 1.38–2.49, P = <0.001). Conclusions: These findings underscore the multifaceted impact of oral health on the well-being of OTP clients. Routine dental check-ups, education on oral hygiene practices and timely treatment for oral health problems are crucial recommendations based on this study. Such measures hold the potential to enhance the quality of life for individuals attending OTPs. Opioid-dependent individuals face substantial oral health challenges influenced by both opioid effects and lifestyle factors. This study investigated the oral health status and quality of life among opioid treatment program (OTP) clients, revealing prevalent dental caries and inadequate oral cleanliness, resulting in physical pain and psychological discomfort that impacted their quality of life. This identified correlation between oral health status and quality of life highlights the critical need for timely intervention to enhance the health and well-being of clients attending OTPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Older people receiving home-based care (HBC) often face barriers to access preventive oral health care (OHC) and dental treatments. Leading to deterioration of their oral healthcare. It is further deteriorated by factors such as increasing burden of systemic diseases, medicinal side effects, limited mobility, financial constraints and lack of professional OHC at home. Older people also struggle to maintain necessary daily oral hygiene, leading to malnutrition, weight loss, and a risk of a further health degradation. This cross-sectional survey aimed to investigate the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and their associated factors in HBC recipients. Methods: 5,280 older people (≥ 60 years) living in Hamburg, who were in need of care and insured with statutory health insurance DAK-Gesundheit received the questionnaire, which included the German version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP G-14) and, the EQ-5D health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measure as well as further questions regarding the extent of informal social support, subjective oral health status, oral health behaviour, subjective cognitive status, and socio-demographic variables. Results: The participants (n = 1,622) had a median age of 83.2 years, with 72.0% of the sample being female. Nearly two thirds of the sample reported that their independence or abilities were significantly impaired (care level 2). Regarding oral health impacts, 40.0% of the participants reported experiencing at least one of the fourteen possible prevalent impacts of the OHIP-G14 fairly often or very often. A multivariate regression model on the severity of oral health impacts revealed, that a better HRQoL, a positive perception of one's own dental status, fewer visits to dental practices, and no need for support in OHC were associated with better OHRQoL. Conversely, respondents with a negative perception of their oral health status, more frequent visits to a dental practice, a need for support in OHC, and subjective memory impairment showed poorer OHRQoL. Conclusions: The results highlight the risk for poor oral health among older people in HBC. We conclude that there is an urgent need to prioritise oral health, especially as poor oral health can further compromise the systemic wellbeing of these already care dependent population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) affects dental and craniofacial development; therefore, it can influence oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The objective of this study was to explore the influence of the severity of OI on OHRQoL in adults older than eighteen years residing in Spain. Method Adults with OI were recruited from the Spanish Association of Crystal Bone (AHUCE) foundation. OHRQoL was evaluated using the Spanish version of the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHIP-14sp), oral hygiene habits, and a dental care survey. Clinical and radiological dental examinations were performed to evaluate the patients’ oral conditions. Results A total of 65 adults (n = 46 females) aged between nineteen and sixty-two years who were diagnosed with OI and classified as type I, III, and IV (n = 20, 14, and 31, respectively) participated in this research. The total OHIP-14sp scores were significantly greater (worse) for type III (23 [SD = 10]) and type IV (21.4 [SD = 12]) than for type I (13.8 [SD = 6]) (P

Background: The relationship between oral and overall health is of interest to health care professionals and patients alike. This study investigated the correlation between oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a general adult population. Methods: This cross-sectional study used a convenience sample of adult participants (N = 607) attending the 2022 Minnesota County and State fairs in USA, the 5-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-5) assessed OHRQoL, and the 10-item PROMIS v.1.2 Global Health Instrument assessed HRQoL. Spearman and Pearson correlations were used to summarize the bivariable relationship between OHRQoL and HRQoL (both physical and mental health dimensions). A structural equation model determined OHRQoL-HRQoL correlations (r). Correlations' magnitude was interpreted according to Cohen's guidelines (r = 0.10, 0.30, and 0.50 to demarcate "small," "medium," and "large" effects, respectively). Results: OHRQoL and HRQoL correlated with r = 0.52 (95% confidence interval, CI: [0.50–0.55]), indicating that the two constructs shared 27% of their information. According to Cohen, this was a "large" effect. OHRQoL, and the physical and mental HRQoL dimensions correlated with r = 0.55 (95% CI: [0.50–0.59]) and r = 0.43 (95% CI: [0.40–0.46]), respectively, indicating a "large" and a "medium" effect. OHRQoL and HRQoL were substantially correlated in an adult population. Conclusion: Using OHIP-5 to assess their dental patients' oral health impact allows dental professionals to gain insights into patients' overall health-related wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) affects dental and craniofacial development; therefore, it can influence oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The objective of this study was to explore the influence of the severity of OI on OHRQoL in adults older than eighteen years residing in Spain. Method: Adults with OI were recruited from the Spanish Association of Crystal Bone (AHUCE) foundation. OHRQoL was evaluated using the Spanish version of the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHIP-14sp), oral hygiene habits, and a dental care survey. Clinical and radiological dental examinations were performed to evaluate the patients' oral conditions. Results: A total of 65 adults (n = 46 females) aged between nineteen and sixty-two years who were diagnosed with OI and classified as type I, III, and IV (n = 20, 14, and 31, respectively) participated in this research. The total OHIP-14sp scores were significantly greater (worse) for type III (23 [SD = 10]) and type IV (21.4 [SD = 12]) than for type I (13.8 [SD = 6]) (P < 0.05). The negative impact of OHRQoL was due to the association of type III OI with all domains except for the handicap domain, while type IV OI was associated with the physical disability, social disability, and handicap domains (P < 0.05 for all). Conclusion: The severity of OI negatively impacted OHRQoL in adults. This association was statistically significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Assessing health-related quality of life has become integral to people living with HIV (PLHIV) follow-up. However, there is a lack of data regarding the impact of oral health on quality of life, known as Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among PLHIV compared to HIV-negative individuals in Rwanda. Aim The study aimed to assess OHRQoL among PLHIV compared to HIV-negative counterparts in Kigali, Rwanda. Methods The Oral Health Impact Profile short version (OHIP-14) questionnaire was interviewer-administered to 200 PLHIV and 200 HIV-negative adults (≥ 18 years old) at an HIV clinic of Kigali Teaching Hospital (CHUK). Socio-demographic characteristics, including age, sex, occupation, and socioeconomic status (SES) of participants, were collected using a survey questionnaire. A 4-point Likert scale was used to assess the frequency of oral impacts for all 14 items within 7 domains of the OHIP tool. The descriptive statistics were used to see frequencies and percentages of OHRQoL among PLHIV and HIV-negative persons, respectively. The Chi-square test was used to determine the association of OHRQoL with caries (DMFT) and periodontal disease (CPITN) among PLHIV compared to HIV-negative individuals. Results The results revealed a higher prevalence of PLHIV with poor OHRQoL than HIV-negative individuals in 5 domains and almost all items of OHIP-14 except for the OHIP 3 (found it uncomfortable to eat any foods because of problems with teeth or mouth) and OHIP-14 (being totally unable to function because of problems with teeth or mouth). The findings showed statistically significant results (p ≤ 0.05) for the OHIP1 item “trouble pronouncing any word,” with a prevalence of 2.5% (n = 11) and 2.25% (n = 9) in PLHIV and HIV-negative, respectively. Also, PLHIV had a significantly higher prevalence, 2.75% (n = 11) for the OHIP 13 item “life not satisfying due to teeth and mouth problems compared to HIV-negative individuals 2% (8) p ≤ 0.05. Moreover, dental caries was significantly associated with poor OHRQoL among PLHIV and HIV-negative adults and for all 14 items of the OHIP tool. Periodontal disease was not significantly associated with OHRQoL among PLHIV and HIV-negative adults. Conclusion This study revealed poor OHRQoL among PLHIV compared to HIV-negative adults. There is a need for further longitudinal studies to investigate the OHRQoL in Rwanda, especially among PLHIV. It is essential to include oral health care as one of the components of the medical health care programs for PLHIV in Rwanda.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and effects of periodontal endoscope (PE)-assisted subgingival scaling and root planning (SRP) and traditional SRP on the psychological and quality of life of patients with periodontitis. Methods This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee, and informed consent was obtained from the patients. Patients with periodontitis who were treated in the Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University from April 2018 to December 2022 with residual periodontal pockets (PD ≥ 5 mm) 6 weeks after traditional SRP treatment were enrolled, and the residual periodontal pockets were further treated with PE-assisted SRP (PE+SRP). After 6 weeks of traditional SRP treatment and 3 months of PE+SRP treatment, clinical indicators, including plaque index (PLI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL) and bleeding on probing (BOP), were measured, and periodontal tissue self-awareness scale scores, oral health impact profile-14 (OHIP-14) score and dental fear scale (DFS) score were collected. Moreover, visual analog scale (VAS) scores were collected after traditional SRP and PE-assisted SRP treatments. Results Twenty-three patients with periodontitis, including 832 sites of 486 affected teeth, were included in the clinical study. Three months after PE+SRP treatment, all clinical periodontal indicators, PLI (t = 9.254, P

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of occlusal splint plus laser therapy (OS + LT) compared with OS alone on the patient‐reported outcomes and clinical parameters of patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Methods: Twenty‐three patients with TMDs were randomly assigned to two treatment approaches: OS and OS + LT (multiwave locked system). The two outcomes were clinical parameters (mouth‐opening distances, number of muscles and TMJs with pain) and patient‐reported outcomes (pain score and oral health‐related quality of life [OHRQoL] determined using the 14‐item oral health impact profile [OHIP‐14]). The outcomes were measured at four time points: baseline, 2 weeks, 1 and 3 months after treatment. According to DC/TMD Axis I classification, the participants were diagnosed as having pain only and pain with intraarticular joint disorder. Adjusting for age and sex, the outcome changes were analysed using generalized estimating models at a 5% significance level. Results: The pain‐free mouth‐opening distance of the patients who received OS + LT continuously increased from 2 weeks to 3 months. However, the value was significantly increased at 3 months in patients who received OS alone. The unassisted mouth‐opening distance significantly increased after 3 months in both groups. In both treatment approaches, the number of muscles and TMJs with pain, as well as the pain and OHIP‐14 scores gradually decreased from baseline to 3 months. Conclusions: The patients who received OS and OS + LT demonstrated better OHRQoL and clinical parameters during 3 months after treatment. An improvement in the pain‐free mouth‐opening distance at 2 weeks was found only in OS plus LT group; however, this difference may not be clinically significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Assessing health-related quality of life has become integral to people living with HIV (PLHIV) follow-up. However, there is a lack of data regarding the impact of oral health on quality of life, known as Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among PLHIV compared to HIV-negative individuals in Rwanda. Aim: The study aimed to assess OHRQoL among PLHIV compared to HIV-negative counterparts in Kigali, Rwanda. Methods: The Oral Health Impact Profile short version (OHIP-14) questionnaire was interviewer-administered to 200 PLHIV and 200 HIV-negative adults (≥ 18 years old) at an HIV clinic of Kigali Teaching Hospital (CHUK). Socio-demographic characteristics, including age, sex, occupation, and socioeconomic status (SES) of participants, were collected using a survey questionnaire. A 4-point Likert scale was used to assess the frequency of oral impacts for all 14 items within 7 domains of the OHIP tool. The descriptive statistics were used to see frequencies and percentages of OHRQoL among PLHIV and HIV-negative persons, respectively. The Chi-square test was used to determine the association of OHRQoL with caries (DMFT) and periodontal disease (CPITN) among PLHIV compared to HIV-negative individuals. Results: The results revealed a higher prevalence of PLHIV with poor OHRQoL than HIV-negative individuals in 5 domains and almost all items of OHIP-14 except for the OHIP 3 (found it uncomfortable to eat any foods because of problems with teeth or mouth) and OHIP-14 (being totally unable to function because of problems with teeth or mouth). The findings showed statistically significant results (p ≤ 0.05) for the OHIP1 item "trouble pronouncing any word," with a prevalence of 2.5% (n = 11) and 2.25% (n = 9) in PLHIV and HIV-negative, respectively. Also, PLHIV had a significantly higher prevalence, 2.75% (n = 11) for the OHIP 13 item "life not satisfying due to teeth and mouth problems compared to HIV-negative individuals 2% (8) p ≤ 0.05. Moreover, dental caries was significantly associated with poor OHRQoL among PLHIV and HIV-negative adults and for all 14 items of the OHIP tool. Periodontal disease was not significantly associated with OHRQoL among PLHIV and HIV-negative adults. Conclusion: This study revealed poor OHRQoL among PLHIV compared to HIV-negative adults. There is a need for further longitudinal studies to investigate the OHRQoL in Rwanda, especially among PLHIV. It is essential to include oral health care as one of the components of the medical health care programs for PLHIV in Rwanda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The relationship between oral and overall health is of interest to health care professionals and patients alike. This study investigated the correlation between oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a general adult population. Methods This cross-sectional study used a convenience sample of adult participants (N = 607) attending the 2022 Minnesota County and State fairs in USA, the 5-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-5) assessed OHRQoL, and the 10-item PROMIS v.1.2 Global Health Instrument assessed HRQoL. Spearman and Pearson correlations were used to summarize the bivariable relationship between OHRQoL and HRQoL (both physical and mental health dimensions). A structural equation model determined OHRQoL-HRQoL correlations (r). Correlations’ magnitude was interpreted according to Cohen’s guidelines (r = 0.10, 0.30, and 0.50 to demarcate “small,” “medium,” and “large” effects, respectively). Results OHRQoL and HRQoL correlated with r = 0.52 (95% confidence interval, CI: [0.50–0.55]), indicating that the two constructs shared 27% of their information. According to Cohen, this was a “large” effect. OHRQoL, and the physical and mental HRQoL dimensions correlated with r = 0.55 (95% CI: [0.50–0.59]) and r = 0.43 (95% CI: [0.40–0.46]), respectively, indicating a “large” and a “medium” effect. OHRQoL and HRQoL were substantially correlated in an adult population. Conclusion Using OHIP-5 to assess their dental patients’ oral health impact allows dental professionals to gain insights into patients’ overall health-related wellbeing.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was the evaluation of the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with depression or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in comparison with a group of mentally healthy individuals. Patients from the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Germany, were recruited. A healthy comparison group (HC) was recruited from the Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology. The OHRQoL was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile G14 (OHIP G14). Furthermore, a questionnaire regarding oral hygiene behaviour was applied. A total of 141 patients with depression or ADHD (depression n = 94, ADHD n = 47) and 145 HC individuals with a balanced age and gender distribution were surveyed. OHIP G14 median scores were significantly higher in the overall psychiatric patient group compared to HC (5.00 vs. 0.00, p < 0.001). This was also found for the four dimensions of OHIP G14 (p < 0.001). The OHIP G14 sum score of patients with depression and ADHD was comparable (5.00 vs. 6.50, p = 0.302). A significant association among psychiatric patients between smoking, gum bleeding, professional tooth cleaning, oral health education, interdental cleaning, and elevated OHIP scores was found (p < 0.001). In conclusion, patients with depression and adults with ADHD show a reduced OHRQoL. A contradictory association between oral hygiene/oral health behaviour and OHRQoL supports the hypothesis of a changed perception of oral conditions in patients with mental diseases. Interdisciplinary collaboration between psychiatric specialists and dentists should be fostered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Tooth loss is a disease of public health concern and defines the oral health status and quality of life of an individual. Aim: This study assessed the level of satisfaction and the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients that received fixed partial denture (FPD), for the replacement of teeth, at a Nigerian tertiary health facility. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective evaluation of the clinical records of patients who received FPD within a period of 10 years was done. The eligible participants (44) were contacted by telephone and data on satisfaction and OHRQoL (using Oral Health Impact Profile [OHIP]-14 questionnaire) were collected. Descriptive analysis was used to report satisfaction and OHRQoL. The association between categorical variables was tested with Chi-square. P value was set at ≤ 0.05. Results: The conventional fixed–fixed prostheses supported mostly with porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns were the most used. High satisfaction with the appearance was reported by 22 (48.9%) at delivery as against 14 (31.1%) after use. Decementation was the most recorded failure, (26, 57.8%) and the total OHIP-14 score was 21.71 ± 9.47, indicating poor quality of life. Forty-four participants (18, 40.9% males and 26, 59.1% females) underwent oral rehabilitation with FPD within the study period. The age range and mean age of the participants were 21–72 years and 46.8 ± 13.8 (standard deviation) years, respectively. Significantly higher aesthetic satisfaction was reported at delivery of FPD compared to the present time of assessment (P < 0.001) showing a decline in satisfaction. However, long-term posttreatment satisfaction on aesthetics, masticatory ability, and phonetics was significantly higher compared to their pretreatment satisfaction (P < 0.001, 0.001, and P = 0.003, respectively). Furthermore, OHIP-14 scores showed statistically significant (P < 0.05) improved OHRQoL posttreatment except for OHIP8 and OHIP12 subdomains with P > 0.05. Conclusion: A decline in satisfaction with aesthetics of FPD postdelivery was observed and the psychological domains of OHIP-14 were mostly affected showing a better quality of life.

BackgroundPublic health faces a significant challenge in reducing rural–urban disparities in diabetes. Since dietary control is part of the medical regimen for diabetes management, how diabetic patients perceive the impact of oral health on their quality of life is critical. The present study aimed to compare the Oral Health-related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) between rural and urban diabetic patients.MethodsThe study design was cross-sectional. The study sample included 831 self-reported diabetic patients, extracted from the first wave of the new-cohort Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging survey (NC_TLSA) that comprised a nationally representative sample of community-dwelling adults aged 50 and above in Taiwan. The composite score generated from the Oral Health Impact Profile-7 (OHIP-7), which has seven questions, was used to construct two OHRQoL measures, the severity of perceived poor OHRQoL and the prevalence of poor OHRQoL. These two OHRQoL measures were treated as dichotomous variables. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied for analysis.ResultsRural diabetic patients had a higher likelihood of experiencing the severity of perceived poor OHRQoL than those in urban areas (OR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.30–4.40). Although rural diabetic patients also had a higher prevalence of poor OHRQoL than urban diabetic patients, the difference was not significant (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 0.95–2.28). Social determinants, such as education, are essential factors attributed to both OHRQoL measures.ConclusionOverall, rural diabetes community-dwelling patients had a poorer OHRQoL than those in urban areas. Given a bidirectional relationship between oral health and diabetes, improving oral health in rural areas may be a critical avenue to improve the quality of diabetes care in rural areas.

Background: Most of the oral diseases have consequences that can affect the quality of life (QoL). Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) constitute a series of clinical problems that affect muscles of mastication, the temporomandibular joint, along with their associated structures. The perception and feelings of these patients regarding their oral health are often ignored. Objective: The aim is to assess the relationship between oral health status and oral health-related QoL (OHRQoL) in participants with TMD compared to the Non-TMD group. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted among 320 participants (TMD 160 and Non-TMD 160 participants, respectively) in various hospitals of Bengaluru city. The Oral Health Impact Profile for TMDs (OHIP) questionnaire was administered for evaluating the OHRQoL. Oral health status was assessed using World Health Organization Oral Health Assessment Form for Adults, 2013. Chi-square tests, Pearson's correlation tests, and one-way ANOVA were applied for statistical analysis. The value of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: TMD patients exhibited worse OHIP-TMDs scores when compared to the Non-TMD group (63.2 ± 3.78 vs. 2.15 ± 3.21). The mean Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (P < 0.001), gingival bleeding (P < 0.001), pockets P < 0.001), and loss of attachment (P = 0.677) was significantly higher in the TMD group when compared to the non-TMD group. TMDs negatively affected the OHRQoL in the TMD group when compared to the non-TMD group. Conclusions: OHRQoL and oral health status are found to be poor among the TMD group when compared to the non-TMD group. There was a relationship between OHRQoL and oral health status among the TMD group and non-TMD group.

Abstract Aim This study aimed to investigate if in the 49-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP): (i) more missing data occurred when participants answered more questions, (ii) more missing data occurred in a particular item or set of related items, and (iii) item missingness was associated with the demographic characteristics and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) impairment level. Methods We used OHIP data from the Dimensions of OHRQoL (DOQ) project, which consolidated data from 35 individual studies. Among these studies, we analyzed OHIP data from 19 studies (4,847 surveyed individuals, of which 3,481 were completed under supervision and 1,366 were completed unsupervised) that contained some missing information. We computed descriptive statistics to investigate the OHIP missingness. We also used logistic regression analyses, with missing information as the dependent variable, and number of questions filled in (OHIP item rank) as the independent variable for samples with and without supervision. To investigate whether missing data occurs more in a particular item or set of related items we fitted regression models with individual OHIP items and the OHRQoL dimensions as indicator variables. We also investigated age, gender, and OHRQoL level as predictor variables for missing OHIP items. Results We found very low levels of missingness across individual OHIP items and set of related items, and there was no particular item or set of related items that was associated with more missing data. Also, more missing data did not depend on whether the participants answered more questions. In studies without supervision, older persons and females were 5.47 and 2.66 times more likely to have missing items than younger persons and females. However, in studies with supervision, older persons, and participants with more OHRQoL impairment were 1.70 and 2.65 times more likely to have missing items. Conclusion The study participants from general and dental patient populations did not find OHIP-49 burdensome. OHIP item missingness did not depend on a particular OHIP item or set of related items, or if the study participants responded to a greater number of OHIP items. We did not find a consistent pattern of the influence of sociodemographic and OHRQoL magnitude information on OHIP missingness. The amount of missing OHIP information was low making any potential influence likely small in magnitude.

Background: Most of the oral diseases have consequences that can affect the quality of life (QoL). Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) constitute a series of clinical problems that affect muscles of mastication, the temporomandibular joint, along with their associated structures. The perception and feelings of these patients regarding their oral health are often ignored. Objective: The aim is to assess the relationship between oral health status and oral health-related QoL (OHRQoL) in participants with TMD compared to the Non-TMD group. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted among 320 participants (TMD 160 and Non-TMD 160 participants, respectively) in various hospitals of Bengaluru city. The Oral Health Impact Profile for TMDs (OHIP) questionnaire was administered for evaluating the OHRQoL. Oral health status was assessed using World Health Organization Oral Health Assessment Form for Adults, 2013. Chi-square tests, Pearson's correlation tests, and one-way ANOVA were applied for statistical analysis. The value of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: TMD patients exhibited worse OHIP-TMDs scores when compared to the Non-TMD group (63.2 ± 3.78 vs. 2.15 ± 3.21). The mean Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (P < 0.001), gingival bleeding (P < 0.001), pockets P < 0.001), and loss of attachment (P = 0.677) was significantly higher in the TMD group when compared to the non-TMD group. TMDs negatively affected the OHRQoL in the TMD group when compared to the non-TMD group. Conclusions: OHRQoL and oral health status are found to be poor among the TMD group when compared to the non-TMD group. There was a relationship between OHRQoL and oral health status among the TMD group and non-TMD group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate the impact of untreated malocclusion on different aspects of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).Materials and Methods: All relevant literature published up to February 18, 2016 was collected from nine electronic databases. To make studies comparable, studies that used the dental aesthetic index (DAI), index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN), or index of complexity, outcome and need (ICON) to measure malocclusion and oral health impact profile (OHIP) to measure OHRQoL were selected for systematic review. Meta-analysis, two independent-samples t-test and binary logistic regression were used to test whether different malocclusion severity groups had different OHIP scores.Results: A total of 564 non-duplicate publications were identified first. Of these, 13 studies were included in this review. All studies had a cross-sectional design and most of them used convenience samples. Eleven studies presented a significant result about the association of malocclusion and OHIP scores. Statistical analyses showed that malocclusion had an impact on all subscales scores, and more severe malocclusion indicated higher OHIP scores on the subscales of physical disability, physical pain, psychological discomfort, psychological disability, and social disability.Conclusion: Untreated malocclusion was significantly associated with OHRQoL. The more severe the malocclusion, the worse was the impact on some physical domains and all psychosocial domains of OHRQoL. There was a lack of longitudinal population-based studies to confirm this result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Many studies have investigated the impact of prosthetic treatment on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). However, most of these have been performed among fully or partially edentulous patients. Studies involving patients with a single missing tooth are limited. The purpose of this study was to compare the OHRQoL between patients treated by single-tooth implants and three-unit fixed partial dentures (FPDs) for single missing tooth restoration. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Korea with patients drawn by stratified purposive sampling based on age. OHRQoL was measured using the Korean version of the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile (0HIP-14K) questionnaire. Pre- and posttreatment 0HIP-14K scores were compared by paired t test. Single-tooth implants and three-unit FPDs were compared by two-sample t test. In addition, multiple regression analysis was used to evaluate the impact of treatment mode on 0HIP-14K total score after adjusting the effect of demographics and clinical factors. Results: Thirty-five patients with single-tooth implants and 36 patients with three-unit FPDs were included. All participants had a significant improvement in OHRQoL compared with before the treatment (P < .0001). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the change of 0HIP-14K score between the two treatment modes. In addition, the treatment mode had no significant impact on the change of OHIP-14K total score after adjusting the influence of covariates (P = .170). Conclusion: Both single-tooth implants and three-unit FPDs for single missing tooth replacement resulted in significant and similar improvement of OHRQoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This study aimed to investigate if in the 49-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP): (i) more missing data occurred when participants answered more questions, (ii) more missing data occurred in a particular item or set of related items, and (iii) item missingness was associated with the demographic characteristics and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) impairment level. Methods: We used OHIP data from the Dimensions of OHRQoL (DOQ) project, which consolidated data from 35 individual studies. Among these studies, we analyzed OHIP data from 19 studies (4,847 surveyed individuals, of which 3,481 were completed under supervision and 1,366 were completed unsupervised) that contained some missing information. We computed descriptive statistics to investigate the OHIP missingness. We also used logistic regression analyses, with missing information as the dependent variable, and number of questions filled in (OHIP item rank) as the independent variable for samples with and without supervision. To investigate whether missing data occurs more in a particular item or set of related items we fitted regression models with individual OHIP items and the OHRQoL dimensions as indicator variables. We also investigated age, gender, and OHRQoL level as predictor variables for missing OHIP items. Results: We found very low levels of missingness across individual OHIP items and set of related items, and there was no particular item or set of related items that was associated with more missing data. Also, more missing data did not depend on whether the participants answered more questions. In studies without supervision, older persons and females were 5.47 and 2.66 times more likely to have missing items than younger persons and females. However, in studies with supervision, older persons, and participants with more OHRQoL impairment were 1.70 and 2.65 times more likely to have missing items. Conclusion: The study participants from general and dental patient populations did not find OHIP-49 burdensome. OHIP item missingness did not depend on a particular OHIP item or set of related items, or if the study participants responded to a greater number of OHIP items. We did not find a consistent pattern of the influence of sociodemographic and OHRQoL magnitude information on OHIP missingness. The amount of missing OHIP information was low making any potential influence likely small in magnitude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Implant‐supported overdentures (IODs) have been reported to increase patients' oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) in comparison with conventional dentures (CDs); however, the conclusiveness of evidence on the clinical effectiveness and value for money of IODs versus CDs remains unclear. Purpose: To review how the added value of IODs is demonstrated in the literature. Materials and methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database were searched for randomized control trials, controlled clinical trials, and prospective cohort studies containing evaluations of the economic and health benefits and costs of IODs. Information about the clinical effectiveness, such as magnitude of bite forces or chewing efficacy, OHRQoL, costs, and cost‐effectiveness of IODs, was extracted. Results: A total of 17 articles were included, reporting 15 economic evaluations: 11 cost‐utility analyses (CUAs), 2 of which were combined with a cost‐effectiveness analysis (CEA), and 2 cost–benefit analyses (CBAs). Seven CUAs used the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) questionnaire while four used satisfaction questionnaires to assess the OHRQoL. One study applied quality‐adjusted prosthesis years (QAPYs) for this purpose. The CBAs expressed both the beneficial outcome and the costs of the IOD in monetary terms. The included studies employed a large variety of economic evaluation methods, which limited cross‐study comparability. Conclusions: On the basis of existing economic evaluations, IODs have frequently been suggested to be a cost‐efficient treatment alternative to CDs; however, the comparability between the various economic evaluation studies was limited due to the different outcome measures used. In addition, it remains unclear whether the additional health benefits of IODs outweigh the higher costs. This is largely dependent on the decision maker's valuation of oral health outcomes. Future research is encouraged to further elucidate patient willingness to pay for IODs and the societal return on investing in IODs more generally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study was aimed to evaluate oral health-related quality of life and its associated factors in the elderly. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done at the medical Out Patient Department of Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar by using a non-probability consecutive sampling method of 411 elderly patients. All the patients had an oral examination. followed by an interview through a validated questionnaire having demographics and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was measured using OHIP-14 having Likert scale, with higher scores indicating poor oral health (lower OHRQoL) and vice versa. Results: The mean OHIP-14 score (range 0-56) was 62.35± 10.94 which is much higher than the threshold for poor OHRQoL poor OH' ≥11.0 (SD ± 6.9). OHRQoL was found good in the participants having good oral Hygiene (51.74) and who were more qualified. Females had relatively good OHRQoL (61.4). The mean OHIP score was higher in the participants belonging to rural areas (67.1) as compared to urban areas. Conclusion: This study found poor OHRQoL in the elderly population in Peshawar. Participants who had good oral hygiene & who were qualified had good OHRQoL. OHRQoL was found poor in rural areas participants; it was relatively good in females as compared to males. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To assess oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and changes in OHRQoL in 3 years of patients with Sjöogren's symdrome (SS). Methods: Thirty-five SS patients and 23 non-SS individuals were enrolled. OHRQoL were quantitatively evaluated using the shortened Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). After 3 years, 22 patients and 14 controls tool the OHIP-14 survey again. Results: The SS group had a significantly higher OHIP-14 score, which indicated a lower OHRQoL, than the non-SS group. Among individual questions in the OHIP-14, scores for 'trouble pronouncing words', 'uncomfortable to eat foods', 'self-conscious', and 'diet unsatisfactory' were markedly higher in the SS group than in the non-SS group. The OHIP-14 score significantly increased in 3 years in the SS group. Furthermore, there was an inverse correlation between the change rate of salivary flow rate and change of OHIP-14 scores in 3 years in patients with SS whose OHIP-14 score increased. Scores for 'irritable with other people', 'difficulty doing usual jobs', 'felt life less satisfying', and 'unable to function' significantly increased in 3 years. Conclusion: In SS, OHRQoL decreased in 3 years, which was associated with a decrease in saliva secretion. Moreover, troubles related to psychosocial aspects in SS patients were found to intensify over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Teeth wear (TW) an otherwise physiological process if present above acceptable level might cause a debilitating effect on the quality of life (QoL). With increasing life expectancy and people retaining their natural teeth into old age, the problem of wearing off of teeth over time poses a major public health concern. Aim: The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence of TW and its effects on individual QoL and satisfaction with their dentition. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 650 individuals selected from Sullia Taluk, Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka, India, to assess the prevalence of TW as determined by teeth wear index (Smith and Knight, 1984) and impact of the same on oral health-related QoL on 240 individuals with TW (39.15 ± 3.05 years) measured using a translated version of Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)-14 questionnaire. Results: Analysis revealed that 39.97% of the study individuals had a TW severity of score 2 and TW severity of score 3 were observed among 20% of the study participants. The overall mean OHIP-14 score of the study population was 16.91 ± 8.07 with 36.7% moderately and 0.8% severely affected impact on OHRQoL. Physical pain, psychological discomfort, physical disability, and psychological disability with respective mean values of 1.47 ± 1.3, 1.18 ± 1.07, 1.85 ± 1.5, and 1.53 ± 1.3 were the main affected domains in oral health QoL. Conclusion: The severity of TW in the study population was score 2 having moderate impact on the QoL with physical disability, physical pain, psychological discomfort, and disability as the contributing factors.

Objectives: Aim of this cross‐sectional study was to investigate oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients with different rheumatic diseases. Subjects and Methods: Patients with rheumatic disease, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematodes (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and vasculitis were included. OHRQoL was assessed with the German short form of oral health impact profile (OHIP G14). Age, disease duration, leukocytes, c‐reactive protein (CRP) and haemoglobin counts were considered as disease related parameters. Results: A total of 356 patients, assigned to the groups RA (n = 218), SLE (n = 36), AS (n = 36), PsA (n = 33), vasculitis (n = 19) and SSc (n = 14) were included. The OHIP G14 sub‐scale psychosocial impact differed significantly between groups (p =.02). The OHIP G14 sum score was also significantly different between groups (p <.01). A medium‐sized correlation was found for CRP with OHIP G14 sum score within SLE group (r =.344, p =.04). A large correlation was detected for leukocytes within PsA group (r =.525, p <.01). The reliability of the applied OHIP G14 was high. Conclusion: Patients with rheumatic disease show a reduced OHRQoL, with several differences between the entities. Psychosocial aspects appear to be of relevance and should be considered in multidisciplinary dental care of these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dental rehabilitation after surgically acquired bone deficiency related to tumour treatment remains a challenge. The insertion of patient-specific implants geared to the contour of the remaining bone is a feasible method of supporting fixed or removable dentures. As oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is of great interest in these cases, 12 individuals treated with patient-specific implants for severe bone deficiency were surveyed and their Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) scores after dental rehabilitation were evaluated. The OHIP-G53 questionnaire was used to measure overall treatment outcomes. The distribution of OHIP sum-scores for participants treated with patient-specific implants was almost homogeneous when compared to those cited in the literature for patients treated with conventional dental implants. OHIP items related to functional impairment and physical pain showed the highest scores (occurring occasionally), and financial loss related to treatment was frequently stated. Moreover, higher scores were detected in almost all OHIP dimensions for participants with patient-specific implant-supported removable dentures. Conversely, those treated with patient-specific dental implants and fixed dentures showed lower psychosocial impact scores and equal or superior OHRQoL. Hence, patient-specific dental implants, especially combined with fixed dentures, can lead to a positive OHRQoL in patients with severe bone deficiencies related to tumour therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To characterize the level of impairment of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in a temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patient population. Methods: OHRQoL was measured using the German version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-G) in a consecutive sample of 416 patients seeking treatment for their complaints in the masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joints and with at least 1 diagnosis according to the German version of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD). The level of impairment of OHRQoL was characterized by the OHIP summary score mean and its 95% confidence interval. OHRQoL was described for each of the 8 RDC/TMD diagnoses (Axis I) and the RDC/TMD Axis II measures (Graded Chronic Pain Scale [GCPS], jaw disability list, depression, and somatization). These findings were compared with the level of impairment of OHRQoL in the adult general population derived from a national sample (n = 2,026). Results: Among the RDC/TMD Axis I measures, all diagnoses were correlated with much higher impacts compared to the normal population (means for all diagnoses were 32.8 to 53.7 versus 15.8 in the general population). All diagnoses had a similar level of impact except for disc displacement with reduction (which had a lower impact). There were larger differences in mean OHIP-G scores among subgroups of RDC/TMD Axis II measures than among subgroups of RDC/TMD Axis I characteristics. The strongest association was with GCPS, with mean OHIP scores of 33.3 for grade I, 48.1 for grade II, 71.7 for grade III, and 88.5 for grade IV. Conclusion: OHRQoL was markedly impaired in TMD patients. The level of OHRQoL varied across diagnostic categories but more across Axis II, ie, the psychosocial axis; the variation was reflected especially in their level of graded chronic pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different dental patient-reported outcome measures (dPROMs) exist for children and adults, leading to an incompatibility in outcome assessment in these 2 age groups. However, the dental patient-reported outcomes (dPROs) Oral Function, Orofacial Pain, Orofacial Appearance, and Psychosocial Impact are the same in the 2 groups, providing an opportunity for compatible dPRO assessment if dPROMs were identical. Therefore, we adapted the 5-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-5), a recommended dPROM for adults, to school-aged children to allow a standardized dPRO assessment in individuals aged 7 years and above. It was the aim of this study to develop a 5-item OHIP for school-aged children (OHIP-5 School) and to investigate the instrument's score reliability and validity. German-speaking children (N = 95, mean age: 8.6 years +/- 1.3 years, 55% girls) from the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at the Medical University of Vienna, Austria and a private dental practice in Bergisch Gladbach, Germany participated. The original OHIP-5 was modified and adapted for school going children aged 7-13 years and this modified version was termed OHIP-5 School. It's score reliability was studied by determining scores' internal consistency and temporal stability by calculating Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficients, respectively. Construct validity was assessed comparing OHIP-5 School scores with OHIP-5 as well as Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ-G 8-10) scores. Score reliability for the OHIP-5 School was "good" (Cronbach's alpha: 0.81) or "excellent" (Intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.92). High correlations between OHIP-5 School , OHIP-5, and CPQ-G 8-10 scores were observed and hypotheses about a pattern of these correlations were confirmed, providing evidence for score validity. The OHIP-5 School and the original OHIP-5 are short and psychometrically sound instruments to measure the oral health related quality of life in school-aged children, providing an opportunity for a standardized oral health impact assessment with the same metric in school-aged children, adolescents, and adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to compare dental students’ self-perception of oral health with the results of a clinical examination of the masticatory system. Seventy-four dental students (38 (51.4%) females and 36 (48.6%) males) completed the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHIP-G-14) and underwent a clinical examination according to the Graz Dysfunction Index (GDI). Data were analyzed with descriptive and comparative statistics. Median OHIP-G-14 scores were 3 (IQR 0–6) in the total collective, 4 (1–11) in females, and 2 (0–4) in males (p = 0.072). A score of 0 was found in 29.7% of the sample. The results of the GDI were 50% “normal function”, 43.2% “adaptation”, 5.4% “compensation”, and 1.4% “dysfunction”. The comparison of OHIP-G-14 scores and DGI groups showed a significant difference (p = 0.031). Based on the questionnaire, less than one third of the sample indicated maximum oral health-related quality of life. In contrast, the GDI revealed “normal function” or “adaptation” in 93.2%. Dental students underappreciated their oral health condition. Health assessments should not be solely questionnaire-based, especially in health professionals (-to-be). To establish a valid diagnosis of the state of health, self-assessment must be complemented by an objective clinical examination, e.g., GDI.

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has greatly affected all parts of private life and led to social distancing and self-isolation. Limited social support for older or frail people might have led to decreased oral health and its related quality of life. The current study aimed to investigate the social support of older seniors and self-perceived oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. Questionnaires were sent to all patients of the Dental Clinic of the University of Leipzig (Germany) aged 75, 80, or 85 years (n = 1228) at the end of February 2021. Besides demographic characteristics and care level, an adapted German version of the ENRICHD Social Support Inventory (ESSI-D) and the German Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) were included. The response rate was 35.7% (n = 439). Twelve replies were not included in the data analysis as participants had either no interest, were cognitively impaired, or did not match the required age group. Analysis of ESSI-D revealed low social support for 13.2% (n = 53/403) of the seniors. No statistically significant impact of assigned care level on low social support was identified. Seniors with an assigned care level (CLyes) presented higher OHIP-14 sum scores (CLno/CLyes 6.43/10.12; p < 0.001). This was also true for six of the seven OHIP-14 domains, except for functional limitation. Regarding seniors with an assigned care level, a weak positive correlation was identified for sum scores of the ESSI-D and the OHIP-14 (r = 0.29). Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, older seniors reported high self-perceived social support. As seniors with an assigned care level revealed more impaired OHRQoL and a correlation with lower social support, special attention should be given to this vulnerable and frail group in times of a pandemic. When restrictions may minimize access to dental treatment and might negatively influence the oral health of older seniors, health care programs should offer more individual options for dental/medical appointments.

Introduction: To determine the impact of oral diseases on everyday life, measures of oral quality of life are needed. In complementing traditional disease-based measures, they assess the need for oral care to evaluate oral healthcare programs and management of treatment. Aim: To evaluate the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL) among professional college students. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to measure the OHRQOL of 940 students (males: 425, females: 515) from six different professions (medical, dental, engineering, pharmacy, physiotherapy, and master of business administration) of Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, using a 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire. The data were analyzed using statistical analysis system to perform the Chi-square test and Kruskal–Wallis test. Results: The mean OHIP scores for medical, dental, pharmacy, physiotherapy, engineering, and MBA students were 5.2, 3.5, 3.2, 3.0, 3.6, and 2.8, respectively. The overall OHIP-14 score showed a significant statistical difference (P < 0.05) from medical students to remaining study population. Conclusion: There is much significant difference in OHRQOL in different professional students. Oral health-care providers are urged to integrate the OHRQOL concept into their daily practice to improve the outcome of their services as it provides the basis for any oral health program development.

Objective: To assess the oral health-related quality of life (OH-QoL) in patients under supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) and the influence of the individual periodontal risk as well as different degrees of adherence during SPT on OH-QoL.Materials and Methods: 309 patients with at least 5 years of SPT were re-examined. Periodontal risk profile (according to Lang and Tonetti) was assessed and the adherence to SPT-appointments within the last 30(±6) months was reviewed for each patient (fully adherent: adherence to all appointments ±6 weeks, partially adherent: SPT-interval not extended more than half of the recommended interval, insufficiently adherent: SPT-interval extended more than half of the recommended interval, non-adherent: recommended SPT-interval interruption ≥12 months). OH-QoL was measured using the German short-version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-G14). Differences between groups (Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test), association between total OHIP-scores and the predictors age, mean periodontal probing depth and oral hygiene parameters were tested (Spearman's correlation). A multivariable linear regression model was fitted using all categorical predictors with a univariable p value <.1.Results: Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences in OHIP-G14 scores for gender, periodontal diagnosis and prosthetic status. Patients with deep periodontal pockets (≥6 mm) showed significantly higher OHIP-G14 scores compared to patients without deep pockets (p = .049). Adherence and periodontal surgery were statistically significant predictors for the OHIP-G14 score.Conclusions: OH-QoL of patients under long-term SPT seems to be influenced by periodontal status. Good compliance with SPT-intervals based on the individual periodontal risk profile seems to contribute to a better OH-QoL compared to irregular attendance of SPT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To assess OHRQoL in patients with aggressive periodontitis (AgP) after periodontal treatment using the Oral Health Impact Profile‐49 (OHIP‐49) and compare to patients' dental status. Material and methods: More than 5 years after therapy, 71 patients were examined and answered the OHIP‐questionnaire. The dental and periodontal status were assessed according to the SSO (Swiss Dental Society) criteria. Descriptive statistics were performed with SPSS, correlation analysis and tests for differences using R 3.2.2. Results: More than 90% of all patients showed no probing depths (PD) >5 mm, a bleeding on probing (BOP) index below 35%, and a sufficient function. Four patients showed no visible plaque, PDs ≤ 3 mm, a BOP below 10%, and an optimum function. Non‐smoking and compliant patients exhibited a more favourable status. The OHIP‐49 added up to 24.9 points, representing a comparatively high satisfaction of AgP‐patients with their oral status. The subscale which most patients reported impairment in was "functional limitation." A correlation between quality standard and the OHIP‐49G could only be shown in the psychological disability subscale. Conclusion: After treatment, a moderate to high quality level can be retained over more than 5 years. Most patients are satisfied with their oral health. Correlations between the objective and subjective view could not be found, apart from the subscale "psychological disability." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives To compare differences in oral health-related quality of life ( OHRQoL) between halitosis and non-halitosis patients and to explore relationships between halitosis and OHRQoL. Methods Patients who visited the halitosis clinic at the Ninth People's Hospital and were diagnosed with halitosis were included in the halitosis group. The control group consisted of patients without halitosis. All participants were assessed for halitosis (volatile sulphur compound measurements with a portable sulphide monitor, Oral Chroma and organoleptic tests), underwent a clinical oral examination (dental caries status and periodontal condition) and completed a questionnaire. Oral health-related quality of life was measured using the Oral Health Impact Profile ( OHIP-14, Chinese version). Results A total of 204 patients (102 halitosis and 102 controls) were included. The halitosis group had significantly higher OHIP-14 scores (severity) than the control group (15.7 versus 7.9, P < 0.001). The mean number of items with negative impact (extent) was significantly different between the halitosis and control groups (1.8 versus 0.3, P < 0.001). Around 56% of participants in the halitosis group reported at least one item with 'fairly often' or 'very often' (prevalence), while 21% did so in the control group ( P < 0.001). In halitosis patients, the most commonly reported negative impacts were within the domains of 'psychological discomfort' and 'psychological disability'. Conclusions Oral health-related quality of life status was significantly poorer in halitosis patients than in non-halitosis patients. Halitosis patients may experience some degree of psychological discomfort and disability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The effects of the locations of dental implants on treatment outcomes, as evaluated by oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) assessment, remain controversial. Purpose To investigate the association between the locations of dental implants and changes in OHRQoL. Materials and methods Sixty-eight subjects received implant treatment in the anterior or posterior region and completed the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) questionnaire before and after treatment. Change in OHIP summary scores and the 4 dimension scores were calculated to evaluate the effects of implant treatment on OHRQoL. Results The mean Oro-facial Appearance score for the anterior group was significantly higher than that for the posterior group (10.4 ± 5.1 and 7.2 ± 3.8, respectively; P ＝ .005; Effect size = 0.63) at baseline. All questionnaire scores were significantly improved following implant treatment in both groups, and no significant group differences were observed at follow-up. Regression analysis revealed a significant association between the locations of most anterior implants and changes in the Oro-facial Appearance score (adjusted R2 = 0.073; P = .015). Conclusion Our results suggest that the locations of dental implants influence OHRQoL impairments and improvements after treatment. This information might be useful in clinical decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To provide an empirical test of the applicability of Locker’s conceptual model of oral health for malocclusion patients, and to suggest alternative models of the effect of malocclusion on well-being. Materials and Methods: Data from a survey of 323 adolescents attending for orthodontic treatment were analyzed to develop a new oral health model for malocclusion patients. Oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) was measured using the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile; malocclusion was measured using the Dental Health Component (DHC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). Using structural equation modeling, the relationship between conceptual domains in Locker’s model was explored and three models of their interrelationship tested for goodness of fit. Results: Fit indexes for Locker’s model indicated that it did not fit the data well. Therefore, a modified model was developed to incorporate additional paths between other levels to better fit the data. The best fit was provided by a model in which the direct effects of malocclusion on pain, discomfort, and handicapping—and the direct effect of pain on disability—were removed. A direct effect of functional limitation on disability was allowed. The modified Oral Health Impact Profile model proved to be a good fit to the data (root mean square error of approximation 5 0.069). Conclusion: The pathways identified in Locker’s (1988) conceptual model of oral health may not be appropriate for describing the relationships between OHRQoL constructs in individuals with malocclusion. An alternative model is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Studies have been rarely conducted to provide a comprehensive perspective of pregnant women with the intention to investigate the relationships between periodontal conditions and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). As such, this study aimed to describe the OHRQoL of pregnant women in Shanghai, China and to investigate the relationships between periodontal conditions and OHRQoL of pregnant women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst pregnant women in all stages of pregnancy in Shanghai, China. Clinical examinations were performed to assess periodontal conditions, including tooth loss, visible plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level. The OHRQoL of pregnant women was determined using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14, Chinese version). Information regarding maternal characteristics, socio-demographic background and health-related behaviours was also obtained from the participants through the structured questionnaires. Results: A total of 512 pregnant women (mean age = 27.3 ± 4.0 years)participated in the survey, giving a response rate of 91.4 %. The mean gestational age was 19 weeks (SD = 8.2). The mean and the median OHIP-14 scores were 7.92 (SD = 6.84) and 6, respectively. The mean number of negative impact items (extent) was 0.20 (SD = 0.82). Approximately 10 % of pregnant women reported at least one item with 'fairly often' or 'very often' (prevalence). Results of multivariable analyses showed that periodontal conditions was not significantly associated with three scoring formats of OHRQoL (severity, extent and prevalence of impact) after adjustment for pregnancy-related variables and possible confounders (all p > 0.05). However, frequency of nausea-vomiting was found to be significantly associated with severity of impacts (p = 0.012). Utilization of dental services, age and tooth loss were the significant variables to the extent of negative impacts (all p < 0.05). While no significant variable was related with prevalence of negative impacts (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Pregnant women with different trimesters showed similar impact of oral disease on their OHRQoL in Shanghai, China. Periodontal health status have no impact on their OHRQoL in the fully adjusted models. Their OHRQoL was associated with early pregnancy reaction, utilisation of dental services, age and tooth loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Prosthodontic treatment has a positive effect on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL); however, there is a paucity of studies assessing the impact of OHRQoL based on where in the mouth (“location”) the treatment is performed. This exploratory study investigated the association of the location (anterior, posterior region) of prosthodontic treatment with magnitude and nature of OHRQoL changes. Methods In this non-randomized prospective clinical study, 190 adult patients (17–83 years) were recruited at baseline and 104 were available for the follow-up analyses. Of those, 50 patients received treatment only in the posterior segment and 54 patients in both anterior and posterior regions. Treatment included conventional fixed partial prostheses, removable prostheses or a combination of both. OHRQoL was assessed with the German language version of the 49-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) at baseline and the questionnaire was repeated 4–6 weeks post-treatment. Magnitude and effect size of changes in summary and sub-scale scores were calculated and data analyzed. Results Patients experienced a substantially impaired OHRQoL (mean OHIP score: 32.3 points) at baseline and an improvement in OHRQoL of 6.8 OHIP points following treatment. This study showed a greater improvement in OHRQoL in patients treated in both regions compared to those treated in the posterior region alone, especially in the function and aesthetic domains. Conclusions This explorative study suggests that OHRQoL improvement is affected by where prosthodontic treatment is performed in the mouth. Greater understanding of qualitative aspects of reconstructive therapies is needed for improved treatment planning and patient consent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous exploratory analyses suggest that the Oral Health Impact Profile ( OHIP) consists of four correlated dimensions and that individual differences in OHIP total scores reflect an underlying higher-order factor. The aim of this report is to corroborate these findings in the Dimensions of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life ( DOQ) Project, an international study of general population subjects and prosthodontic patients. Using the project's Validation Sample ( n = 5022), we conducted confirmatory factor analyses in a sample of 4993 subjects with sufficiently complete data. In particular, we compared the psychometric performance of three models: a unidimensional model, a four-factor model and a bifactor model that included one general factor and four group factors. Using model-fit criteria and factor interpretability as guides, the four-factor model was deemed best in terms of strong item loadings, model fit ( RMSEA = 0·05, CFI = 0·99) and interpretability. These results corroborate our previous findings that four highly correlated factors - which we have named Oral Function, Oro-facial Pain, Oro-facial Appearance and Psychosocial Impact - can be reliably extracted from the OHIP item pool. However, the good fit of the unidimensional model and the high interfactor correlations in the four-factor solution suggest that OHRQoL can also be sufficiently described with one score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although oral health-related quality of life ( OHRQoL) as measured by the Oral Health Impact Profile ( OHIP) is thought to be multidimensional, the nature of these dimensions is not known. The aim of this report was to explore the dimensionality of the OHIP using the Dimensions of OHRQoL ( DOQ) Project, an international study of general population subjects and prosthodontic patients. Using the project's Learning Sample ( n = 5173), we conducted an exploratory factor analysis on the 46 OHIP items not specifically referring to dentures for 5146 subjects with sufficiently complete data. The first eigenvalue (27·0) of the polychoric correlation matrix was more than ten times larger than the second eigenvalue (2·6), suggesting the presence of a dominant, higher-order general factor. Follow-up analyses with Horn's parallel analysis revealed a viable second-order, four-factor solution. An oblique rotation of this solution revealed four highly correlated factors that we named Oral Function, Oro-facial Pain, Oro-facial Appearance and Psychosocial Impact. These four dimensions and the strong general factor are two viable hypotheses for the factor structure of the OHIP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The literature presents conflicting findings on whether health-related quality of life ( HRQo L) measures have sufficient evaluative properties to assess changes caused by dental interventions. The aim of our study was to compare sensitivity to change in HRQo L and OHRQo L in prosthodontic patients. In this prospective intervention study, a total of 165 consecutively recruited patients completed the Short Form-36 ( SF-36) and the 49-item Oral Health Impact Profile ( OHIP), as self-administered questionnaires, before prosthodontic treatment and 1 month after treatment was finished. Differences in SF-36 and OHIP scores between baseline and follow up were tested for statistical significance using paired t-tests. Effect sizes (Cohen's d) were calculated. Health-related quality of life improved during prosthodontic treatment, indicated by a slight, but statistically significant, increase in the SF-36 physical component (difference: 1.0 points), whereas perceived mental health did not change substantially (difference: −0.5 points). Improvement in OHRQo L (difference in OHIP sum score: −6.7 points) was statistically significant. Although the OHIP effect size (of 0.2) was considered as small, according to guidelines, it was greater than for the SF-36 component scores (physical: 0.1; mental: 0.1). Sensitivity to change in quality of life measures was greater for OHRQo L than for HRQoL, limiting the usefulness of HRQo L as an outcome measure in dentistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To compare oral health-related quality of life ( OHRQo L) among subjects who received implant-supported crowns ( ISC) and 2-unit cantilevered resin-bonded bridges ( cRBB) in a bounded single tooth space ( BSTS) after at least 5 years and to investigate factors associated with their OHRQo L. Methods A case-control study among 78 subjects who received ISC or c RBB rehabilitation at a teaching hospital (39 ISCs and 39 c RBBs). OHRQo L was measured using the Oral Health Impact Profile ( OHIP-49) and compared between treatment modality. Variations in OHIP scores with respect to 'minor complications' (repair of the original 'survived' restorations) and 'major complications' (replacement of 'failed' restorations); and number of complications were determined in bivariate and multivariate analyses (negative binominal regression) controlling for socio-demographic and clinical factors. Results Oral Health Impact Profile scores were similar among those who received ISC and c RBB ( P = 0.53). Among subjects with complicated restorations, those with major complications reported significantly higher OHIP scores (poorer OHRQo L) than those with minor complications ( P = 0.02). Subjects who experienced multiple complications had significantly higher OHIP scores (poorer OHRQo L) than those with a single complication ( P = 0.04). In regression analyses (which considered OHIP scores of those with complications), the nature of complications ( P < 0.01), treatment modality ( P = 0.04), and gender ( P = 0.02) emerged as significant factors. Conclusion In the rehabilitation of a BSTS patients, OHRQo L was similar irrespective of treatment modality ( ISC or c RBB). Among those who experienced complications their OHRQo L was associated with the nature of complications, treatment modality and gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives This study aims to comprehensively assess the association of subjective and objective oral health status and oral health behaviors with happiness, under consideration of demographic, socioeconomic, and general health-related factors. This study also aims to test whether subjective oral health outcomes are better predictors of happiness compared with objective oral health outcomes. Methods The data were collected from 479 community-dwelling elders aged 65 years or over selected by a cluster sampling method. A questionnaire and an oral examination were implemented. A multiple regression method was conducted to assess associations with happiness index ( HI). Results The mean age of the elders was 74.6 years. Mean (standard deviation, SD) HI, Euro Qol-visual analog scale ( EQ- VAS) and 14-item oral health impact profile ( OHIP-14) index were 5.7 ( SD 2.3), 59.8 ( SD 21.1), and 16.3 ( SD 13.1). In the final model, a significant association with HI of the OHIP-14 index ( P = 0.091) among all the participants and significant associations of oral symptoms ( P = 0.038), wearing a removable denture ( P = 0.039), and of the oral health behavior of daily toothbrushing ( P = 0.007) among poorer oral health QoL group were confirmed under consideration of other related factors. While correlations of HI to subjective measures of health, EQ- VAS and OHIP-14 score were moderate to weak, those to objective measures of health were only weak or insignificant. Conclusions Oral impacts which might persistently affect one's daily life need to be considered in designing and delivering public services aimed to promote people's happiness. With oral health impacts and behaviors accounting for 10% of happiness among elders, public and community services for the elderly that support oral health and daily toothbrushing for the dentate are critical for the well-being of our elders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]