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Background: Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) reduce risks for overdose among correctional populations. Among other barriers, daily dosing requirements hinder treatment continuity post-release. Extended-release buprenorphine (XR-BUP) may therefore be beneficial. However, limited evidence exists.Objectives: To conduct a systematic review examining the feasibility and effectiveness of XR-BUP among correctional populations.Methods: Searches were carried out in Pubmed, Embase, and PsychINFO in October 2023. Ten studies reporting on feasibility or effectiveness of XR-BUP were included, representing n = 819 total individuals (81.6% male). Data were extracted and narratively reported under the following main outcomes: 1) Feasibility; 2) Effectiveness; and 3) Barriers and Facilitators.Results: Studies were heterogeneous. Correctional populations were two times readier to try XR-BUP compared to non-correctional populations. XR-BUP was feasible and safe, with no diversion, overdoses, or deaths; several negative side effects were reported. Compared to other MOUD, XR-BUP significantly reduced drug use, resulted in similar or higher treatment retention rates, fewer re-incarcerations, and was cost-beneficial, with a lower overall monthly/yearly cost. Barriers to XR-BUP, such as side effects and a fear of needles, as well as facilitators, such as a lowered risk of opioid relapse, were also identified.Conclusion: XR-BUP appears to be a feasible and potentially effective alternative treatment option for correctional populations with OUD. XR-BUP may reduce community release-related risks, such as opioid use and overdose risk, as well as barriers to treatment retention. Efforts to expand access to and uptake of XR-BUP among correctional populations are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the implementation of harm reduction methods to combat the opioid crisis in the U.S. and Canada. The two countries have employed multiple public health and treatment strategies, including opioid agonist therapies (OAT), to address the opioid crisis. Studies have compared the effectiveness and safety of three novel harm reduction methods: heroin assisted treatment; injectable hydromorphone and supervised consumption facilities.

Prescription psychostimulants for the treatment of stimulant use disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. However, the evidence for a prescription agonist approach to date is lacking and poses potential risks for inadvertently worsening PSUD treatment outcomes by precipitating/worsening psychosis and increasing relapse to psychostimulant use. Keywords: addictions; substance use disorders; stimulants EN addictions substance use disorders stimulants 208 209 2 03/02/23 20230301 NES 230301 The perspective of Bisaga I et al i . on treatment for individuals with psychostimulant use disorder (PSUD) is controversial.[1] The authors propose an approach to treating PSUD akin to opioid use disorder (OUD), arguing that stimulant agonist medications could transform existing drug treatment paradigms. [Extracted from the article]

Patients should be stabilized on sublingual buprenorphine before BUP-XR is initiated Patients can receive BUP-XR if they are stabilized on 8-24 mg of sublingual buprenorphine for at least 7 days. Patient-reported outcomes of treatment of opioid dependence with weekly and monthly subcutaneous depot vs daily sublingual buprenorphine: a randomized clinical trial. In 2018, Health Canada approved the only BUP-XR treatment available in Canada, under the brand name Sublocade. [Extracted from the article]