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Purpose: To provide oncology nurses with an overview of the toxicity management associated with the anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer., Methods: Monoclonal antibodies such as cetuximab and panitumumab that target EGFR have provided patients with metastatic colorectal cancer with effective treatment options. Both antibodies can be used as monotherapy; cetuximab is also approved for use in combination with chemotherapy. We reviewed the literature regarding the signs and symptoms, assessment of severity, and strategies available to prevent and manage adverse events associated with these agents., Key Results: This class of therapeutics is associated with an overall acceptable adverse event profile that is distinctly different from conventional chemotherapeutics. In contrast to cytotoxic chemotherapy, which causes myelosuppression, mucositis, and nausea and vomiting, common toxicities reported for anti-EGFR therapy include the more frequent cutaneous toxicities, electrolyte imbalances, and diarrhoea, as well as the less frequent ocular toxicities. Infusion reactions are also observed with the chimerical monoclonal antibody cetuximab., Conclusions: Oncology nurses play a key role in the administration of multi-agent treatment regimens, especially with respect to the identification and management of toxicities, patient education, and patient support. By reducing the incidence and severity of the adverse events associated with anti-EGFR therapy, oncology nurses have the potential to sustain patient adherence to completion of treatment, identify signs and symptoms early, proactively manage adverse events, and provide appropriate treatment interventions, thereby improving patient quality of life.

Haematological toxicities such as neutropenia, anaemia and thrombocytopenia have a significant impact on patients with cancer. They can have a life-threatening effect on the health of the patient and, importantly, may lead to the interruption and/or dose reduction of ongoing cancer therapies, such as chemotherapy. Nurses play a pivotal role in haematological toxicity prevention, detection and management, however, the current level of involvement and understanding varies widely across Europe. Continuing Professional Education (CPE) is an important tool in maximising nurses' contributions to such healthcare issues, enabling them to maintain awareness of recent research, refreshing their knowledge, and facilitating consistency of best practice. As such, the European Oncology Nursing Society (EONS) is developing a Europe-wide training programme in haematological toxicities. This is based on the unmet CPE needs identified through a Learning Needs Assessment (LNA) carried out amongst European cancer nurses in 2003. This article discusses the results of the LNA and how the key issues that it has revealed are being addressed in EONS' nurse education programme, 'Training Initiative in Thrombocytopenia, Anaemia and Neutropenia (TITAN)'.

There have been significant improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumours. However, recent advances in cytostatic therapy are associated with several adverse side-effects which can impair the patient's well-being and may result in refusal or delay of treatment. Nausea and vomiting are perceived to be the most unpleasant of these side-effects. This paper addresses some of the issues involved in the improvement of these two distressing symptoms.