8 results on '"Ayala, Alba"'
Search Results
2. Measurement properties of the Community Wellbeing Index in older adults
- Author
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Forjaz, Maria João, Prieto-Flores, Maria-Eugenia, Ayala, Alba, Rodriguez-Blazquez, Carmen, Fernandez-Mayoralas, Gloria, Rojo-Perez, Fermina, and Martinez-Martin, Pablo
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- 2011
3. Components and determinants of quality of life in community-dwelling older adults
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Martinez-Martin, Pablo, Prieto-Flores, Maria-Eugenia, Forjaz, Maria João, Fernandez-Mayoralas, Gloria, Rojo-Perez, Fermina, Rojo, Jose-Manuel, and Ayala, Alba
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- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Psychometric properties of the Functional Social Support Questionnaire and the Loneliness Scale in non-institutionalized older adults in Spain
- Author
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Ayala, Alba, Rodríguez-Blázquez, Carmen, Frades-Payo, Belén, João Forjaz, Maria, Martínez-Martín, Pablo, Fernández-Mayoralas, Gloria, Rojo-Pérez, Fermina, and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
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Análisis Rasch ,Aged, 80 and over ,Male ,Validación ,Psychometrics ,Loneliness ,Rasch analysis ,Social Support ,Escala De Jong-Gierveld de Soledad ,Middle Aged ,Validity ,Older adults ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Población adulta mayor ,DUFSS ,Humans ,Female ,De Jong-Gierveld Loneliness Scale ,Aged - Abstract
Objetivos: Este estudio analiza las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario de Apoyo Social Funcional Duke-UNC (DUFSS, Duke-UNC Questionnaire of Functional Social Support) y de la Escala de Soledad de De Jong-Gierveld en una muestra de adultos mayores no institucionalizados. Métodos: Muestra de 1106 adultos mayores no institucionalizados incluidos en una encuesta nacional sobre calidad de vida. Ambas escalas se analizaron según la teoría clásica de los tests (aceptabilidad, consistencia interna, validez interna, validez convergente, validez discriminativa y precisión) y análisis Rasch. Resultados: Las puntuaciones medias ± desviación estándar fueron de 44,95 ± 8,9 para el DUFSS y 1,92 ± 1,83 para la Escala de Soledad. El α de Cronbach fue 0,94 para el DUFSS y 0,77 para la Escala de Soledad. El análisis factorial mostró dos factores en ambas escalas (varianza explicada: 73,8% para el DUFSS y 67,7% para la Escala de Soledad). Ambos instrumentos mostraron un coeficiente de correlación de -0,59 entre sí. El análisis Rasch en el DUFSS identificó dos dimensiones, con un buen ajuste al modelo, mientras que la Escala de Soledad no mostró buen ajuste de los datos al modelo. Conclusiones: El cuestionario DUFSS, con algunas modificaciones, cumple las asunciones del modelo Rasch, y aporta medidas lineales. Sin embargo, hacen falta más estudios de análisis Rasch con la Escala de Soledad. Según la teoría clásica de los tests, el DUFSS tiene buena consistencia interna para comparación de personas y la Escala de Soledad la tiene para comparación de grupos. Ambas escalas presentan una validez de constructo satisfactoria. Objectives: To examine the psychometric properties of the Social Support Questionnaire Duke-UNC (DUFSS) and the De Jong-Gierveld Loneliness Scale in a sample of non-institutionalized older adults. Methods: The sample consisted of 1,106 non-institutionalized older adults included in a national survey on quality of life. Both scales were analyzed according to classical test theory (acceptability, internal consistency, internal validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity and accuracy) and Rasch analysis. Results: The mean ± standard deviation scores were 44.95 ± 8.9 for the DUFSS and 1.92 ± 1.83 for the Loneliness Scale. Cronbach's alpha was 0.94 for the DUFSS and 0.77 for the Loneliness Scale. Factor analysis identified two factors in each scale (explained varian 73.8% for the DUFSS and 67.7% for the Loneliness Scale). The instruments showed a correlation of -0.59 with each other. Rasch analysis of the DUFSS identified two dimensions with a good model fit, whereas the Loneliness Scale did not fit the Rasch model. Conclusions: The DUFSS, with some modifications, meets the Rasch assumptions and provides linear measures. However, more Rasch analysis studies are needed for the Loneliness Scale. According to classical test theory, the DUFSS has good internal consistency for comparisons among people and the Loneliness Scale for comparisons among groups. Both scales have satisfactory construct validity.
- Published
- 2012
5. Influencia de los problemas crónicos de salud en las dimensiones del cuestionario EQ-5D: estudio en personas mayores institucionalizadas y no instituzionalizadas
- Author
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Delgado-Sanz, María Concepción, Prieto-Flores, Maria-Eugenia, Forjaz, Maria João, Ayala, Alba, Rojo-Perez, Fermina, Fernandez-Mayoralas, Gloria, and Martínez-Martín, Pablo
- Subjects
Problemas crónicos de salud autodeclarados ,Institucionalizados ,Spain ,Health-related quality of life ,Older adults ,Calidad de vida relacionada con salud ,España ,Self-reported chronic health conditions ,No institucionalizados ,Institutionalized ,Community dwelling ,Personas mayores - Abstract
Fundamento: Las enfermedades crónicas representan factores de riesgo para la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS). El objetivo de estudio es analizar la influencia de problemas crónicos de salud autodeclarados en la CVRS, medida a través de las dimensiones del EQ-5D, en personas mayores institucionalizada y no institucionalizada. Métodos: Los datos proceden de dos estudios sobre calidad de vida en personas con 60 o más años de edad, en España, con una muestra de 1.106 personas mayores viviendo en la comunidad, y 234 en centros residenciales. Para analizar la influencia de los problemas crónicos más prevalentes en la CVRS se ajustaron modelos de regresión logística tomando como variable dependiente cada dimensión del EQ-5D y controlando por variables sociodemográficas. Resultados: Los problemas crónicos de salud que influyeron negativamente en la CVRS de los dos grupos de población estudiados, fueron la depresión (rango de OR en las distintas dimensiones del EQ-5D:1,97-6,48), seguida de artrosis/artritis (OR:2,81-6,00), insomnio (OR:2,81-4,61), diabetes (OR:1,68-3,44) e hipertensión arterial (OR:1,42-2,45). Estos problemas afectaron de forma distinta a las dimensiones del EQ-5D y a los dos grupos considerados. Las dimensiones del EQ-5D en las que se observaron más dificultades fueron dolor/malestar y movilidad. Conclusiones: Los resultados de este trabajo indican que el carácter debilitante de las enfermedades crónicas sobre la CVRS es distinto en personas mayores institucionalizadas y no institucionalizadas. Además, destacan la importancia de la promoción de un envejecimiento saludable para atenuar el impacto negativo de los problemas crónicos de la salud sobre la población mayor. Background: Chronic medical conditions represent risk factors for health related quality of life (HRQOL). The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of self-reported chronic health conditions in HRQOL, measured through the EQ-5D dimensions, in non-institutionalized and institutionalized older adults. Methods: Data were obtained from two studies of quality of life in population aged 60 years or over, in Spain, with a sample of 1,106 community-dwelling adults and 234 residents of care facilities. To analyse the influence of the most prevalent chronic health conditions on HRQOL multiple logistic regression models were adjusted using as dependent variable each EQ-5D dimension, controlling for socio-demographic variables. Results: The chronic health conditions that most influenced the HRQOL of both groups were depression (OR range in the different EQ-5D dimensions: 1.97-6.48), followed by arthrosis/arthritis (OR: 2.81-6.00), sleep problems (OR: 2.81-4.61), diabetes (OR: 1.68-3.44) and hypertension (OR: 1.42-2.45). These problems affected differentially the EQ-5D dimensions and the two groups considered. Pain/discomfort and mobility were the EQ-5D dimensions where more difficulties were reported. Conclusions: The results of this work indicate that the debilitating effect of chronic health conditions on the HRQOL is different for institutionalized and non-institutionalized older adults. They also highlight the importance of promoting healthy ageing to attenuate the negative impact of chronic health conditions on HRQOL in old age.
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- 2011
6. Multimorbidity and functional status in community-dwelling older adults.
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Marventano, Stefano, Ayala, Alba, Gonzalez, Nerea, Rodríguez-Blázquez, Carmen, Garcia-Gutierrez, Susana, and Forjaz, Maria João
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DISEASES in older people , *ADVERSE health care events , *CHRONIC diseases , *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases , *HYPERTENSION , *NEUROBEHAVIORAL disorders - Abstract
Background Multimorbidity is common in older people and may contribute to many adverse health events, such as disability. The aim of the study was to investigate how chronic health conditions (single, paired, and grouped) affect functional independence. Method We used two samples (a one-time, convenience sample and a nationally representative cross-sectional survey) of community-dwelling people of 65years old or over, with a total of 2818 subjects in Spain. To assess functional independence, we used the Barthel index, administered as an interview. Information about the presence of 11 chronic health problems was collected by interview or review of their medical chart. Explanatory factor analysis was performed to assess associations between chronic health conditions. Results Diabetes mellitus and hypertension emerged as the pair of chronic health conditions that most affected functional status [OR 1.98; 95% CI (1.51-2.60)], followed by visual and hearing impairment. A synergistic effect was found (p<0.05) for the cardiovascular disease and hypertension pair. Four multimorbidity groups emerged from the factor analysis: sensory and bone; cancer, lung and gastrointestinal; cardiovascular and metabolic; neuropsychiatric disorders. The neuropsychiatric disorders group was the most strongly associated with physical impairment [OR 4.94; 95% CI (2.71-8.99)], followed by the sensory and bones group [OR 1.90; 95% CI (1.56-2.31)]. Conclusion Despite its low prevalence, the neuropsychiatric disorders group was most strongly associated with lower functional status. Analysis of the relationship between chronic medical conditions and functional status could be useful to develop primary health care strategies to improve functional independence in older people with comorbidities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Rasch analysis of the International Wellbeing Index in older adults.
- Author
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Forjaz, Maria João, Ayala, Alba, Rodriguez-Blazquez, Carmen, Prieto-Flores, Maria-Eugenia, Fernandez-Mayoralas, Gloria, Rojo-Perez, Fermina, and Martinez-Martin, Pablo
- Abstract
Background: The International Wellbeing Index is a measure of general quality of life formed by two scales: the Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI) and the National Wellbeing Index (NWI). This paper studies the psychometric properties of the PWI and NWI, using Rasch analysis and classic psychometric methods.Methods: The PWI and NWI were applied to a representative sample of 1106 community-dwelling adults, aged 60 years and over, residing in Spain. Mean ± standard deviation age was 72.07 ± 7.83 years and 56.3% were women.Results: Five PWI items (achieving in life, relationships, safety, community connectedness, and future security), and five NWI items (economic situation, state of environment, social conditions, business, and national security of the country) fitted the Rasch model. After adjusting the response scale format, satisfactory fit was obtained, with good reliability (person separation index of 0.91 for both the PSI and NWI), local independency of items, and strict unidimensionality. The measures showed adequate external construct validity with related measures.Conclusions: The PWI and the NWI, with fewer items and simpler response scale formats, provided valid and reliable linear measures in older adults, according to Rasch and classic psychometric analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Which factors are associated with mortality in institutionalized older adults with dementia?
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Navarro-Gil, Patricia, González-Vélez, Abel E., Ayala, Alba, Martín-García, Salomé, Martínez-Martín, Pablo, and Forjaz, Maria João
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MORTALITY , *DIABETES , *INSTITUTIONAL care , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *DEMENTIA , *GASTROINTESTINAL diseases , *HYPERTENSION , *SOCIALIZATION , *SURVEYS , *MULTIPLE regression analysis , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ODDS ratio , *OLD age ,MORTALITY risk factors - Abstract
Residential facilities are increasingly used as a resource for dependent older adults and a high percentage of patients with dementia die there. Information about the leading medical causes and exposures to risk factors of mortality in institutionalized older patients with dementia could guide the development of clinical management interventions. The data of 387 institutionalized adults aged over 60, diagnosed with dementia, was analyzed retrospectively. Information about sociodemographic, comorbidities, quality of life and leisure and free time variables was collected in a survey answered by caregivers; after 19 months, information was collected on the result variable (living vs. deceased). A multivariate logistic regression model was created to determine the factors associated with mortality, which were: age (odds ratio (OR) = 1.986; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.229–3.209); diabetes (OR = 2.322; 1.350–3.996); hypertension (OR = 1.695; 1.044–2.752); diseases of the genitourinary system (OR = 2.455;1.419–4.248), worsening of health over last twelve months (OR = 1.653; 1.018–2.685) and not performing passive (OR = 1.616; 0.968–2.700) or social (OR = 2.242; 1.170–4.299) leisure activities. Besides age, the number of comorbid illnesses and the inability to perform leisure activities predicted mortality in institutionalized adults with dementia. These predictors might be useful clinical markers for identifying patients at increased risk for mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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