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BACKGROUND: A special role in the development of obesity is given to the genetic polymorphism of lipid metabolism enzymes, which include triacylglycerol lipase. However, there is still no information about the relationship between the single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) of the triacylglycerol lipase (LIPC) gene and the state of the endocrine function of mesenchymal tissues in childhood and adolescence obesity.AIM: The aim of the work was to study the relationship between snp LIPC for rs2070895 and changes in the content of adipokines, myokines, and the values of blood lipid metabolism in obese children and adolescents with different sexes.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 96 healthy children and adolescents of different sexes and 98 obese peers, a study was conducted to assess the snp of the LIPC by rs2070895. In the blood serum of the examined, the content of total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, triacylglycerols, glucose, activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, as well as the level of leptin, adiponectin, resistin, apelin, irisin, adipsin, myostatin, FGF21, osteocrine, oncostatin M , insulin and asprosin.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: It has been established that obesity in boys is accompanied by hyperleptinemia, the occurrence of insulin resistance and disorders of blood lipid metabolism. In carriers of the heterozygous allele -250G/A, dyslipidemia and atherogenesis decrease in obesity, but alteration of internal organs increases. In girls with different LIPC genotypes for rs2070895, with obesity, there is an increase in the level of leptin and apelin, as well as irisin and insulin in the blood. In girls with the homozygous allele -250G/G, in addition to that, the content of resistin, asprosin and prolactin decreases in the blood, which is not are typical for girls with the heterozygous allele -250G/A. In obese girls with the heterozygous allele, the levels of adipsin, FGF-21, oncostatin M, and osteocrine increase, which are not typical for obese girls with the homozygous allele. Against the background of changes in the content of adipokines and myokines in girls homozygous for LIPC, obesity occurs dyslipemia, which is not typical for girls with the heterozygous allele -250G/A.CONCLUSION: The snp of LIPC at rs2070895 has sex-dependent effects on the levels of adipokines, myokines, and parameters lipid metabolism in the blood.

BACKGROUND. Among the many causes of obesity, genetic factors occupy a special place. An obvious role among them belongs to the genetic polymorphism of lipid metabolism enzymes, including paraoxonase-1 (PON-1). Until now, the character of the relationship between PON-1 polymorphism and the state of the endocrine function of mesenchymal tissues remains unclear. Its study will clarify the subtle mechanisms of the development of obesity in childhood and adolescence.AIM. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between PON-1 polymorphism (rs662) and changes in the content of adipokines, myokines, and blood lipid metabolism in children and adolescents of different sexes with obesity.MATERIALS AND METHODS. In 100 healthy children and adolescents of different sexes and 89 of their peers with obesity, a genetic study was conducted to assess the single nucleotide polymorphism of the PAO-1 (rs662) genes. In blood serum, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, triacylglycerols, glucose and aminotransferase activity (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase) were determined by photometric methods, as well as leptin, adiponectin, resistin, apelin, irisin, adipsin, myostatin, FGF21, osteocrine, oncostatin and insulin — by multiplex ELISA, and asprosin — by ELISA ones.RESULTS. The patients with the homozygous Arg192/Arg allele, the development of complications of obesity in boys is limited and their occurrence in girls is prevented. In other variants of PON-1 polymorphism (Gln192/Gln and Gln192/Arg genotypes), protective mechanisms are formed in the body of girls aimed at preventing complications in obesity. In boys with the Gln192/Gln genotype, obesity reveals more pronounced shifts in lipid metabolism, manifestations of alteration and an increase in the mass of adipose tissue, and in boys-carriers of the heterozygous Gln192/Arg allele, atherogenesis processes increase.CONCLUSION. Polymorphism of the paraoxonase-1 gene (rs662) contributes to the appearance of gender differences in changes in the content of adipokines and myokines in the blood during obesity in childhood and adolescence.

Introduction. The concept of heterogeneity in obesity depending on the risk of developing cardiometabolic complications has garnered attention in recent decades, since not everyone with obesity goes on to develop metabolic dysfunction.The aim of the work is to study specific characteristics of colonic microbial communities in patients with different obesity phenotypes and in healthy individuals by employing metagenomics methods.Materials and methods. A total of 265 individuals (44 men and 221 women; mean age 47.1 ± 4.8 years) were enrolled in the study. They were further divided into clinical groups: Healthy normal-weight individuals (n = 129); patients with obesity (n = 136), including metabolically healthy obesity (n = 40) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (n = 55). Quantitative and qualitative assessment of the intestinal microbiome was based on metagenomic analysis. Fecal samples were used to isolate DNA and perform sequencing of the variable v3-v4 region of the 16S rRNA gene.Results. The study revealed statistically significant (p < 0.05) differences between quantitative and qualitative variables in studied phylotypes of colonic microorganisms in healthy individuals without obesity and in patients with different obesity phenotypes.Discussion. Patients with obesity had higher levels of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and lower levels of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, TM7 (Saccharibacteria), Fusobacteria, and more frequently detected phyla Tenericutes, Planctomycetes and Lentisphaerae compared to healthy individuals. Metabolically healthy obese patients had more rarely detected phylum Lentisphaerae in their colonic microbiome, increased numbers of Firmicutes and reduced numbers of Bacteroidetes compared to metabolically unhealthy obese patients.Conclusion. The findings demonstrate alterations in the colonic microbiome in patients with different obesity phenotypes.