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Background: Caring plays a vital role in nursing and serves as an indicator of quality. Nurse caring behaviors are directed towards patients' safety and wellbeing. Nurses' perceptions of caring behaviors are affected by different factors. Understanding the factors linked to how nurses perceive caring behaviors is crucial for enhancing the quality of care. The aim of this study was to examine the factors associated with nurses' perceptions of caring behaviors and gain a more comprehensive understanding. Methods: A multicenter sequential explanatory mixed-methods study was conducted among medical-surgical nurses at three referral hospitals in the Amhara region, Ethiopia. Quantitative data were collected using a pretested self-administered survey package including the Amharic version of the Caring Behaviors Inventory-16. Qualitative interviews using semi-structured, open-ended questions were conducted after the survey to complement and clarify the quantitative results, facilitating integrate through a connecting approach. A multiple linear regression model was used to examine the relationship between nurses' perceptions of caring behaviors and associated factors. The qualitative data was examined to find meaningful patterns using codebook thematic analysis. This method was deductive and followed the guidelines by Braun and Clarke, building on the findings from the quantitative results. Results: The overall mean of nurses' perceptions of caring behaviors was 4.75. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that female sex (b = 0.300, P = 0.004), age (b = 0.028, P = 0.001), nurse staffing (b=–0.115, P = 0.001), work-related stress (b = 0.298, P = 0.003), and job satisfaction (b=–0.254, P = 0.016) were associated with nurses' perceptions of caring behaviors. The codebook thematic analysis generated three themes, caring is universal and fundamental in nursing, impediments to provision of comprehensive care, and perception of the work conditions. The findings of the qualitative data complemented the results of the quantitative data. Conclusion: Discrepancies between nurses' expectations and the actual working environment may create uncertainty in care provision and impact quality-of-care. Strategies to harmonize the nurses' working environment should consider work-related factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With resources stretched thin and the growing risk of compassion fatigue, faith beliefs can offer enriching perspectives for nurses. Covenantal care is a nursing approach rooted in theological insights about humanity’s inherent purpose to engage in relationship with God and actively participate in acts of love and justice. Based upon interpretations of JudeoChristian teachings of imago Dei and God’s covenant with humankind, this approach provides guidance for the nurse to care for self, patients, and the wider community. This exploration of theology-in-practice provides an orientating ethos for nurses that reflects the loving, restorative, and dignified care that is at the heart of the Christian faith. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article starts by offering a definition of fake kindness focused on the dissociation between the behavioural components of kindness and the intent to sincerely pay some heed to the needs of others. Using the sociological theory of Pierre Bourdieu, this definition is then used to articulate how fake kindness can be conceptualized as a specific form of symbolic violence. Such a view allows explanations as to how and why the prevalence and effectiveness of fake kindness vary according to microsociological norms and values. The generic definition and conceptualization of fake kindness as a form of symbolic violence are then used to discuss how nursing's enthrallment with the concept of caring and its operationalization as a moral compass likely fosters the growth of fake kindness within the profession. In this view, the institutional enforcement of propriety and well-behaved professionalism is more likely to lead to toxic environments than to healthy workplaces. We hope that being able to understand how professional norms and institutional rules are sometimes turned into social tools to enforce obedience and existing hierarchies can empower victims of those phenomena to resist them more effectively. It might also contribute to increasing the awareness of well-meaning nurses or people in position of authority who have been socialized in environments where fake kindness is normalized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, research in robotics and artificial intelligence (AI) has made rapid progress. It is expected that robots and AI will play a part in the field of nursing and their role might broaden in the future. However, there are areas of nursing practice that cannot or should not be entrusted to robots and AI, because nursing is a highly humane practice, and therefore, there would, perhaps, be some practices that should not be replicated by robots or AI. Therefore, this paper focuses on several ethical concepts (advocacy, accountability, cooperation, and caring) that are considered important in nursing practice, and examines whether it is possible to implement these ethical concepts in robots and AI by analyzing the concepts and the current state of robotics and AI technology. Advocacy: Among the components of advocacy, safeguarding and apprising can be more easily implemented, while elements that require emotional communication with patients, such as valuing and mediating, are difficult to implement. Accountability: Robotic nurses with explainable AI have a certain level of accountability. However, the concept of explanation has problems of infinite regression and attribution of responsibility. Cooperation: If robot nurses are recognized as members of a community, they require the same cooperation as human nurses. Caring: More difficulties are expected in care-receiving than in caregiving. However, the concept of caring itself is ambiguous and should be explored further. Accordingly, our analysis suggests that, although some difficulties can be expected in each of these concepts, it cannot be said that it is impossible to implement them in robots and AI. However, even if it were possible to implement these functions in the future, further study is needed to determine whether such robots or AI should be used for nursing care. In such discussions, it will be necessary to involve not only ethicists and nurses but also an array of society members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Caring plays a vital role in nursing and serves as an indicator of quality. Nurse caring behaviors are directed towards patients’ safety and wellbeing. Nurses’ perceptions of caring behaviors are affected by different factors. Understanding the factors linked to how nurses perceive caring behaviors is crucial for enhancing the quality of care. The aim of this study was to examine the factors associated with nurses’ perceptions of caring behaviors and gain a more comprehensive understanding. Methods A multicenter sequential explanatory mixed-methods study was conducted among medical-surgical nurses at three referral hospitals in the Amhara region, Ethiopia. Quantitative data were collected using a pretested self-administered survey package including the Amharic version of the Caring Behaviors Inventory-16. Qualitative interviews using semi-structured, open-ended questions were conducted after the survey to complement and clarify the quantitative results, facilitating integrate through a connecting approach. A multiple linear regression model was used to examine the relationship between nurses’ perceptions of caring behaviors and associated factors. The qualitative data was examined to find meaningful patterns using codebook thematic analysis. This method was deductive and followed the guidelines by Braun and Clarke, building on the findings from the quantitative results. Results The overall mean of nurses’ perceptions of caring behaviors was 4.75. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that female sex (b = 0.300, P = 0.004), age (b = 0.028, P = 0.001), nurse staffing (b=–0.115, P = 0.001), work-related stress (b = 0.298, P = 0.003), and job satisfaction (b=–0.254, P = 0.016) were associated with nurses’ perceptions of caring behaviors. The codebook thematic analysis generated three themes, caring is universal and fundamental in nursing, impediments to provision of comprehensive care, and perception of the work conditions. The findings of the qualitative data complemented the results of the quantitative data. Conclusion Discrepancies between nurses’ expectations and the actual working environment may create uncertainty in care provision and impact quality-of-care. Strategies to harmonize the nurses’ working environment should consider work-related factors.

Abstract Background Triage is a dynamic process prioritising the patient coming to the emergency department. Caring behaviour and patient safety during the triage process are essential for ensuring a good care experience and treatment outcome. Objective To describe triage nurses’ perceptions on caring behaviors and patient safety in the triage area. Design Strauss and Corbin’s Grounded theory method was used to develop the model. Methods The study was conducted in the emergency department in northeastern Slovenia. Semi-structured interviews were used for data collection, and 19 triage nurses were selected by theoretical sampling, guided by emerging categories between November 2021 and July 2022. The data analysis was conducted according to Strauss and Corbin’s coding framework. Results The analysis of the interviews generated one category: The process of creating a caring and safe triage encounter for the patient, together with two categories that explain the key phenomenon: (1) Triage caring and (2) Safety in the triage process. Within the category “Triage caring”, four subcategories were developed: (1) Assurance of triage nurses’ presence, (2) Connectedness, (3) Respectful attitude, and (4) Knowledge and skills. The category Safety in the triage process consists of three identified subcategories: (1) Conception and perception of safety, (2) Factors influencing patient safety, and (3) Improving the triage safety. Conclusions The triage nurses’ perceptions about caring for the patient and his safety in the triage area show that caring and safety are inseparably linked and coincide when triaging a patient. Namely, caring for the patient means ensuring the patient’s safety at the same time. Implications for the nursing field A better understanding of the importance of triage nurses’ caring behavior and patient safety emerges from the findings, highlighting the challenges faced in a busy emergency department where nurses must balance providing care and responding to patients’ needs while ensuring safety. Findings in the study show that patient care and safety are inseparably linked and coincide when triaging a patient. Moreover, applying caring behaviour during triage encounter results in greater patient safety. No patient or public contribution The study’s design, evaluation of the findings, and execution did not need the involvement of patients or the general public. Participants were triage nurses working in the emergency department. Triage nurses were interviewed about their perceptions of triage nurses on caring behaviors and patient safety during triage encounter.

Aim: To gain more insight into how nurses experience a participatory live music practice in relation to their ability to deliver compassionate care to medically hospitalised patients. Design: Qualitative interpretive design. Methods: Sixteen nurses participating in a live music practice with patients were interviewed using in‐depth interviews with open‐ended questions. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim and subsequently coded. Theory‐driven inductive and deductive approaches were applied in thematic data analysis. Results: We identified four themes: (1) Nurses' empathy and compassion; (2) The caring nurse–patient relationship; (3) Person‐centred approaches to care and (4) Nurses' subjective wellbeing. By observing patients' reactions to the music, nurses described that they obtained a deeper insight and understanding of patients' emotional wellbeing. These observations led to increased feelings of compassion in patient contact and stimulated informal communication between nurses and patients through a sense of shared humanity. According to nurses, these aspects positively affected collaboration with patients in delivering care and stimulated them to pursue person‐centred approaches to care. Participating in the live music practice also positively affected nurses' wellbeing, enhanced relaxation and created an ambiance in which compassion could be expressed. Conclusion: A live music practice can positively contribute to the delivery of compassionate care by providing meaningful shared moments that increase feelings of empathy and compassion and strengthen the caring relationship. Implications for the profession: Offering a live music practice at the ward and bedside offers a unique possibility to enhance engagement in person‐centred, compassionate care. Impact: While compassion and compassionate care are essential component of nursing, nurses often experience multiple barriers to its provision in daily practice. An innovative way to stimulate compassionate care is through the participation of nurses and patients in a live music practice, providing a meaningful moment shared between them. This stimulates feelings of shared humanity and bonding in the caring relationship. Reporting Method: The COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research (COREQ). No Patient or Public Contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Academic Research in Nursing (JAREN) is the property of Hemsirelikte Egitim ve Arastirma Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Triage is a dynamic process prioritising the patient coming to the emergency department. Caring behaviour and patient safety during the triage process are essential for ensuring a good care experience and treatment outcome. Objective: To describe triage nurses' perceptions on caring behaviors and patient safety in the triage area. Design: Strauss and Corbin's Grounded theory method was used to develop the model. Methods: The study was conducted in the emergency department in northeastern Slovenia. Semi-structured interviews were used for data collection, and 19 triage nurses were selected by theoretical sampling, guided by emerging categories between November 2021 and July 2022. The data analysis was conducted according to Strauss and Corbin's coding framework. Results: The analysis of the interviews generated one category: The process of creating a caring and safe triage encounter for the patient, together with two categories that explain the key phenomenon: (1) Triage caring and (2) Safety in the triage process. Within the category "Triage caring", four subcategories were developed: (1) Assurance of triage nurses' presence, (2) Connectedness, (3) Respectful attitude, and (4) Knowledge and skills. The category Safety in the triage process consists of three identified subcategories: (1) Conception and perception of safety, (2) Factors influencing patient safety, and (3) Improving the triage safety. Conclusions: The triage nurses' perceptions about caring for the patient and his safety in the triage area show that caring and safety are inseparably linked and coincide when triaging a patient. Namely, caring for the patient means ensuring the patient's safety at the same time. Implications for the nursing field: A better understanding of the importance of triage nurses' caring behavior and patient safety emerges from the findings, highlighting the challenges faced in a busy emergency department where nurses must balance providing care and responding to patients' needs while ensuring safety. Findings in the study show that patient care and safety are inseparably linked and coincide when triaging a patient. Moreover, applying caring behaviour during triage encounter results in greater patient safety. No patient or public contribution: The study's design, evaluation of the findings, and execution did not need the involvement of patients or the general public. Participants were triage nurses working in the emergency department. Triage nurses were interviewed about their perceptions of triage nurses on caring behaviors and patient safety during triage encounter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To describe the childhood experiences of patients with polio from the acute phase of the disease during post‐war Finland in the 1950s and 1960s. Design: Qualitative empirical study based on self‐reported history of nursing rooted in the past, a history of experiences. Methodology: Interview materials were gathered in the form of themes (45) and written interviews (4) (29 September 2018 to 30 June 2019). Data were analysed by reflexive thematic analysis to highlight hidden and latent experiences. This approach generated the study's main theme, themes and subthemes. Results: The main theme, 'shattered childhood', generated from the study results and was then divided into two themes, both of which were influenced in part by the loss of a familiar childhood, the changed environment, the breakdown of the body and the absence of control. Through their childhood memories, polio survivors described their broken childhoods using the following themes: 'betrayal by their bodies' and 'isolation'. In the narratives, the theme 'betrayal by one's own body' was generated by the following subthemes: 'suddenness of the affliction', 'paralysis' and 'being moved to the hospital'. The 'isolation' theme developed from the subthemes 'isolation from the body and surroundings' and 'emotional and social loneliness'. Conclusion: Polio survivors' experiences during the acute stage of the disease were traumatic and demonstrated children's inferior nursing position in Finland in the 1950s and 1960s. Impact: The study increases our understanding of the history of caring for children and families who were affected and disabled by polio and the importance of their experiences in society and healthcare settings. Patient or Public Contribution: The authors collaborated with the Finnish Polio Association to recruit study participants and plan the study. Patients with polio during childhood underwent interviews, and their experiences formulated the data, which were analysed and the basis of the results. Reporting Method: Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ), a 32‐item checklist for interviews and focus groups, have been used as a reporting and checklist tool. All authors have agreed on the final version and the use of the COREQ criteria, relationship with participants, theoretical framework, setting, data collection and data analysis and report. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sister Simone Roach, a noted philosopher of caring in nursing, left behind a significant body of theoretical and practical work highlighting the areas of nursing ethics, care/caring, and compassion. This article explores the integration of the moral foundation of agape love in Pauline theology and Roach's human caring in nursing (1992) as the action of agape love. A narrative literature review explores the relationship between the scriptural ethics of St. Paul (Pauline ethics) and Roach's caring in nursing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the association between nurses' perception of caring and attitudes toward caring for dying patients in end-of-life care units. We used a descriptive cross-sectional design with convenience sampling. Data were collected from May to June 2021 through self-reported questionnaires from 303 Spanish nurses (mean age = 48 years, 78.9% female). Participants completed the Caring Dimension Inventory (CDI-25) and the Frommelt Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying scale. Demographic and training information were collected. Data were analyzed using Stata 16.0. Attitudes toward Care of the Dying Patient were significantly higher in nurses with palliative care training (β = 2.829, p = 0.018) and those who scored higher on the psychosocial (β = 0.789, p = 0.0001) and technical dimensions (β = 0.487, p = 0.011) of the CDI-25. Multivariate analysis identified the psychosocial dimension of the CDI-25 scale (β = 0.783, p = 0.0001) and palliative care training (β = 2.686, p = 0.017) as the only significant variables associated with Attitudes toward Care of the Dying Patient. Overall, nurses exhibited a positive attitude toward caring for dying patients. Our results could potentially help nursing directors identify those with the necessary qualities and training for optimal end-of-life care and to further plan training courses to provide optimal care in end-of-life situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conscience is a force capable of making judgments about one's own moral values during individual behaviour. Conscience in nursing is a concept that is perceived as authority and an inner voice, and it positively affects nursing care. Today, according to many research results, conscience is an indicator of professionalism that affects our personal and professional lives. This research was carried out to determine the effect of nurses' perceptions of conscience on job satisfaction and care behaviours. A cross-sectional study was performed in a training and research hospital. The sample size of 338 nurses was determined by power analysis, and the participants were selected using a simple random sampling method. The data were collected between June and November 2020. A "Personal Information Form", the "Conscience Perception Scale (CPS)", the "Nurse Job Satisfaction Scale (NJSS)" and the "Caring Behaviours Scale-30 (CBS-30)" were used to collect the data. The nurses obtained a score of 63.36 ± 12.13 on the CPS, indicating a high level of conscience perception; a total of 3.41 ± 0.69 points on the NJSS, revealing a high level of job satisfaction; and a total of 150.42 ± 21.22 points on the CBS-30, implying that care perceptions were found to be high. It was determined that the nurses' perceptions of conscience had an effect on their job satisfaction and care behaviours (R = 0.398, Adjusted R2 = 0.158, p = 0.000). The nurses who participated in the study had a high perception of conscience, which positively affected their job satisfaction and care behaviours. • Nurses' perception of conscience positively affects their care behaviours. • Perception of conscience increases nurses' job satisfaction. • It is possible to say that the perception of conscience is a guiding factor for nurses when caring for patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Nursing presence depends on an individual’s belief system, truths, sensory experience, professional skills, and active listening. Thus, one may assume that presence occurs when nurses care for patients in a kind and compassionate way. This study aimed to explore and describe presence practices amongst unit managers in a selected provincial hospital in Free State Province. Methods A qualitative research approach with an exploratory descriptive contextual research design was employed in this study. A purposive nonprobability sampling technique was utilised to select participants. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using the six steps of thematic qualitative data analysis. The study’s trustworthiness was ensured through ascertaining credibility, dependability, confirmability, transferability, and authenticity. Approval to conduct the study was obtained from the North-West University Health Research Ethics Committee (NWU-HREC), DoH in the Free State Province, and the CEO (the gatekeeper) of the selected hospital. Results Four themes were generated, namely, presence practices amongst unit managers in a selected provincial hospital in Free State, the impact of presence practices on hospital dynamics in a selected provincial hospital in Free State, unit managers’ practices of relational care and human connectedness in the unit, and the perceptions of unit managers on barriers to presence practices in a selected provincial hospital in Free State. Each of these themes presents categories and sub-categories. Unit managers actively foster supportive work cultures, effective management, human connectedness and relational care, and effective communication to yield team cohesion and positive impacts on patient care. Unit managers also display resilience and highlight the need for ongoing support from colleagues and top management. Conclusion Unit managers exhibit diverse presence practices which emphasise their commitment through visibility and accessibility despite staff shortages and resource constraints.

The Connection Between Caring, Knowing and Preventing Failure to Rescue in Nursing

Background: Nursing presence depends on an individual's belief system, truths, sensory experience, professional skills, and active listening. Thus, one may assume that presence occurs when nurses care for patients in a kind and compassionate way. This study aimed to explore and describe presence practices amongst unit managers in a selected provincial hospital in Free State Province. Methods: A qualitative research approach with an exploratory descriptive contextual research design was employed in this study. A purposive nonprobability sampling technique was utilised to select participants. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using the six steps of thematic qualitative data analysis. The study's trustworthiness was ensured through ascertaining credibility, dependability, confirmability, transferability, and authenticity. Approval to conduct the study was obtained from the North-West University Health Research Ethics Committee (NWU-HREC), DoH in the Free State Province, and the CEO (the gatekeeper) of the selected hospital. Results: Four themes were generated, namely, presence practices amongst unit managers in a selected provincial hospital in Free State, the impact of presence practices on hospital dynamics in a selected provincial hospital in Free State, unit managers' practices of relational care and human connectedness in the unit, and the perceptions of unit managers on barriers to presence practices in a selected provincial hospital in Free State. Each of these themes presents categories and sub-categories. Unit managers actively foster supportive work cultures, effective management, human connectedness and relational care, and effective communication to yield team cohesion and positive impacts on patient care. Unit managers also display resilience and highlight the need for ongoing support from colleagues and top management. Conclusion: Unit managers exhibit diverse presence practices which emphasise their commitment through visibility and accessibility despite staff shortages and resource constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To summarise, interpret and synthesize research findings on patients' and nurses' experiences of caring in nursing across clinical practices. Background: Caring is a universal element of nursing; however, economic restrictions often negatively impact health services, and time shortages and limited numbers of staff may characterize care encounters. It is unclear how these contextual conditions affect patients' and nurses' experiences of caring. Design and Methods: This integrative literature review covers papers published between 2000 and 2022. Four databases—PubMed, PsycINFO (via Ovid), MEDLINE (via Ovid) and CINAHL (via EBSCO)—were systematically searched for eligible papers in May 2022. The included studies were critically appraised. Content analysis was performed to interpret and synthesize the findings. In accordance with the EQUATOR guidelines, the PRISMA 2020 and PRISMA‐S checklists were used. An Integrative review methodology guided the process. Findings: In total, 33 studies were included in the review. Three themes captured the experiences of caring in nursing: (1) the complexity of the nursing care context, (2) the professionalism of the nurse, and (3) the trusting patient–nurse relationship. Conclusion: The experience of caring in nursing depended on nurses' competence and discretion in the personal encounter framed by the nursing context. The caring relationship was based on reciprocity, but it remains asymmetrical, as the nurse had the power and responsibility to empower the patient. Barriers, such as increased demands for efficiency and resource scarcity, may hinder the experience of caring in nursing. Implications for the profession and patient care: By promoting an ongoing discussion of caring in nursing, nurse management can systematically support nurses in reflecting on their practice in diverse and complex clinical contexts. Patient or public contribution: No patient or public contribution was made due to the study design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although previous studies focusing on nurses' perceptions of caring for people living with HIV (PLHIV) have been conducted in numerous countries, little is known about first-year student nurses' perceptions and experiences regarding their role in caring for PLHIV in South Africa. To ensure quality care for PLHIV, it is essential to explore first-year student nurses' roles in caring for PLHIV. Purpose: This study aimed to explore the perceptions and experiences of first-year nursing students on their role in caring for PLHIV in South Africa. Methods: A qualitative exploratory descriptive design was employed for this study, utilizing a purposive sampling method to recruit 18 participants. These participants were first-year nursing students aged 18 or older, enrolled in a 4-year bachelor's degree nursing program, and who had completed clinical placements in hospitals. Data collection involved two focus group discussions (FGDs), one comprising eight participants and the other ten participants. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the collected data. Results: Four main themes were drawn from two FGDs, including (1) students' unpreparedness in their role to care for PLHIV, (2) disclosure practices and student safety concerns, (3) personal backgrounds and attitudes towards PLHIV care, and (4) physical and psychological wellbeing of students while caring for PLHIV. Furthermore, 11 sub-themes were subsequently drawn from these main themes. Thematic sub-themes and individual focus group responses were relied on to reach data saturation despite the small number of FGD sessions. Conclusion: First-year nursing students had negative and positive perceptions and experiences when caring for PLHIV. There is a need for these students to acquire adequate theoretical knowledge and practical skills to enhance clinical preparation for their role in clinical facilities. This could improve their perceptions regarding caring for PLHIV in the clinical setting and result in improved care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To assess the effectiveness of a training program on perceptions of caring culture among Turkish nurses and investigate the relationships among caring culture, job satisfaction, and intention to leave. Background: Every organisation has its on culture with its vairous components including values, symbols, practices and policies. Healthcare organizations need a favorable caring culture to support nurses and other professional working in the organisation. Methods: This was a quasi‐experimental trial of an educational intervention conducted between October and December 2020 at a university hospital in Turkey. The sample of the study consisted of 86 nurses. A four‐week training program based on caring culture was provided for the training group. The data were collected using a Personal Information Form, the Turkish version of the Caring Culture Survey, and the Job Satisfaction Scale. Intention to leave was measured with a single question. Findings: The mean total caring culture and personal caring scores of the training group were significantly higher after the training than before (p < 0.05). There were significant positive correlations between the mean caring culture total and subscale scores of the participants and their total job satisfaction scores. Besides, there were significant negative correlations between the caring culture total and subscale scores of the participants and their intentions to leave, but these relationships were weak or moderate (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This training program based on caring culture can contribute to improving the caring culture perceptions of nurses. Caring culture is positively related to job satisfaction and negatively related to intentions to leave. Implications for nursing and health policy: Healthcare organizations should prioritize creating a caring culture and designing initiatives that focus on caring culture. The perceptions of nurses about caring culture should be measured and identified regularly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Caring is a universal phenomenon that influences nurse-patient interactions and feelings, forming the foundation of the nursing profession. How nurses perceive and experience caring in low-income settings is not well understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore Ethiopian nurses' perceptions and experiences of caring using a qualitative descriptive design. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 nurses aged 28-57. Interviews were analyzed inductively using reflexive thematic analysis guided by the recommendations of Braun and Clarke. The analysis resulted in three themes: caring is the heartbeat of patient care, constraints to the provision of care, and ways to overcome constraints. The results revealed that nurses were committed to fulfilling their professional obligations and meeting patients' needs despite experiencing multiple constraints. The findings provide a comprehensive perspective in understanding nurses' experiences of caring. Their narratives demonstrate that they face constraints in their clinical practice, which limit the quality of care, including rotation and lack of resources. Cooperation between health policymakers and nurse authorities is essential for shifting the clinical environment from the prevailing traditional task-oriented approach to patient-centered care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transition shock, experienced during the first two years of employment, has been attributed to decreased clinical performance and an overall decrease in work productivity among newly graduated nurses, as well as compromised patient safety outcomes. This study tested the intermediary effect of emotional exhaustion on the association between transition shock in novice emergency room (ER) nurses, adverse patient events, and nursing care quality. A descriptive study was carried out involving 303 novice ER nurses from various emergency units in five different hospitals in Central Philippines, utilizing four standardized scales. Mediation testing was performed using Hayes' PROCESS macro in SPSS (Model 4). Transition shock in novice ER nurses was associated with an increased incidence of adverse patient events (β = 0.3897, p = 0.0005) and poorer nursing care quality (β = −0.2146, p = 0.0021). Furthermore, emotional exhaustion partially mediated the association between transition shock and the two patient-related outcomes: adverse patient events (β = 0.0477, 95 % CI = 0.0078–0.0997) and nursing care quality (β = −0.0142, 95 % CI = −0.0412 to −0.0095). Transition shock in novice ER nurses contributed to heightened emotional exhaustion, which subsequently led to an increased incidence of adverse patient events and a decline in the quality of nursing care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Breast cancer presents significant psychological challenges along with physical health concerns, particularly in settings where cultural and spiritual values play a critical role in patient care. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of a religious caring program on the psychological well-being of Indonesian females with breast cancer. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest and posttest control group design, conducted from January to July 2019 at a chemotherapy unit in Bandung, Indonesia. The patients with breast cancer were assigned to the experimental group (n = 55) and the control group (n = 57). Data were collected using the Psychological Well-Being Scale before and three weeks after the intervention. The data were analyzed using independent t-test and ANCOVA (Analysis of Covariance). Results: There was a significant improvement in the mean psychological well-being score in the experimental group following the intervention compared to the control group, with the experimental group showing a significantly higher mean score (Cohen’s d = 1.4548, p 0.05). Conclusion: These results indicate that a religion-based caring program enhances psychological well-being. Thus, the program was effective and particularly well-suited for clinical nurses, suggesting that it should be recommended for Indonesian females with breast cancer to promote their recovery.

Introduction: The elderly are one of the main groups at risk of contracting COVID-19. Using Parse’s human becoming in practice can lead to important changes in a person’s health. This study aimed to apply this theory in caring of an elderly patient with spontaneous pneumothorax following COVID-19. Methods: This research was a case study which was conducted in 2023 in Guilan (Iran). This study was conducted based on the three principles of Parse’s theory (meaning, rhythmicity, and transcendence) using Purposive sampling. Nursing interventions were performed based on the PRISM model (presence, respect, information, services, and movement). The data analysis was done based on the qualitative analysis-synthesis process of Parse’s research methodology (2011). Results: Findings based on the first principle of Parse’s theory showed that the meaning of COVID-19 changed from "lethal" to "curable disease". In the second principle, the paradoxes of "disbelief/shock-active participation for recovery", "despair-hope", and "ignorance- searching for knowledge" were identified. According to the third principle, the patient and her daughter had learned how to take the path of transcendence and deal with disease conflicts and create the necessary change in dealing with paradoxes. Conclusion: The results showed that Parse’s theory could be used to improve health status and deal with paradoxes in elderly patients suffering from spontaneous pneumothorax. It is suggested that this theory will be used in future studies in the care of other patients.

Philosophy adds humanness to nursing and facilitates holistic care. Philosophies like Ubuntu which purports that a person is only a person through other people and emphasises community cohesion and caring for each other can add humanness to nursing. Because Ubuntu validates subjective experience and its meaning in the lifeworld, it exemplifies the basis of holistic and individualised caring in nursing. Although nurses can make their own philosophy through critical reflexivity, the convergent point is the goal of meaningful caring that is, sustaining health and the well‐being of patients and significant others. Philosophy transcends job description, it encompasses visceral experience, personal beliefs and goals, resulting in purpose and deeper meaning to the nursing profession of caring as emulated by Florence Nightingale. While contemporary philosophy has been met with criticism as being detached from human concern, narrowly focussed and technical, it evokes critical thinking and promotes sociality in nursing practice. The Covid‐19 pandemic vividly brought philosophy to the fore as nurses sacrificially and vulnerably rose to the challenge of caring not only for the sick, but also for families who through infection control measures were deprived of sociality. This paper argues that philosophy adds humanness and substance to nursing in the context of COVID‐19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The elderly are one of the main groups at risk of contracting COVID-19. Using Parse's human becoming in practice can lead to important changes in a person's health. This study aimed to apply this theory in caring of an elderly patient with spontaneous pneumothorax following COVID-19. Methods: This research was a case study which was conducted in 2023 in Guilan (Iran). This study was conducted based on the three principles of Parse's theory (meaning, rhythmicity, and transcendence) using Purposive sampling. Nursing interventions were performed based on the PRISM model (presence, respect, information, services, and movement). The data analysis was done based on the qualitative analysis-synthesis process of Parse's research methodology (2011). Results: Findings based on the first principle of Parse's theory showed that the meaning of COVID-19 changed from "lethal" to "curable disease". In the second principle, the paradoxes of "disbelief/shock-active participation for recovery", "despair-hope", and "ignorance-searching for knowledge" were identified. According to the third principle, the patient and her daughter had learned how to take the path of transcendence and deal with disease conflicts and create the necessary change in dealing with paradoxes. Conclusion: The results showed that Parse's theory could be used to improve health status and deal with paradoxes in elderly patients suffering from spontaneous pneumothorax. It is suggested that this theory will be used in future studies in the care of other patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In the hospital setting RNs fulfill a vital role in patient safety by monitoring patients for signs of physical decline. RNs must monitor patients and react to a sudden deterioration that could be life threatening. Hospitals are required to have systems to summon assistance to the bedside from a Rapid Response Team (RRT). The RRT goal is to prevent failure to rescue. Outcomes from RRTs are highly variable and do not always show an impact on mortality rates. RNs do not always activate the RRT when they should. Some RNs activate the RRT more frequently than others. An increase in the frequency of RRT calls has lowered patient mortality rates. Objective: To determine if RNs with higher levels of skill in recognition of patient deterioration activate the RRT more frequently. The instrument used to measure this is tied to caring and knowing the patient. Methodology: A descriptive, cross sectional, correlational quantitative design was used. RNs (n=166) in acute care who had activated an RRT in the past year completed the Manifestations of Early Recognition (MER) instrument. RRT calls were self-reported. Results: There was a significant (p = .0120) positive correlation (r= .402) between the score on the MER and number of RRT calls. Conclusions: The MER is based on the concepts of knowing and caring. The connection between caring, knowing and preventing failure to rescue is seen as the caring stance of the RN combined with Carper's ways of knowing. These combine to allow a RN with this worldview to detect patient deterioration and act to rescue the patient by calling the RRT and avoiding FTR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Care in the postnatal period is a goal for all families with a newborn baby, and support from nurses might prevent long-term health problems and contribute to a positive postnatal experience. This meta-ethnography aims to integrate and synthesize qualitative studies that illuminate and describe nurses' perspectives on municipal postnatal health care in high-income countries. Systematic literature searches for qualitative studies were conducted and 13 articles were included. The analysis followed the seven phases of Noblit and Hare. Being a "warrior" to care for the new family was identified as an overarching metaphor accompanied by three main themes: Stretching human boundaries, Stretching system boundaries, and Stretching knowledge boundaries. The overarching metaphor offers a deeper understanding of the nurses as "warriors" who despite tight timeframes and heavy workloads are stretching toward a caring relationship with the families. Being a warrior continuously pushing system boundaries puts the nurses in risk of being overstretched, balancing between their ideals and the reality. As more knowledge and clearer policies and procedures regarding the inclusion of fathers and LGBTQ parents in municipal postnatal healthcare are needed, more focus placed on the father or non-birthing parent, different cultural traditions and family constellations in practice and education is suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Caring behavior among nurses would have an impact on patient outcomes. External organizational job resources and personal internal psychological resources are correlated to nurses’ caring behavior. Authentic leadership and psychological capital were shown to be correlated with nurses’ caring behavior in previous studies. However, the relationships among the three are nevertheless unclear. This study aimed to examine if psychological capital could act as a mediator between nursing managers’ authentic leadership and nurses’ caring behavior. Methods In December 2021, a total of 3,662 nurses were recruited from 37 hospitals in Anhui Province, China. They filled out online surveys, including general demographic information, the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire, the Psychological Capital Questionnaire, and the Caring Behavior Inventory. Structural Equation Modeling and the bootstrapping procedure were used to examine the mediating role of psychological capital. Results The scores of authentic leadership, psychological capital, and caring behavior of 3,495 nurses were 52.04 ± 13.24, 96.89 ± 17.78, and 104.28 ± 17.01, respectively. Psychological capital significantly mediated the relationship between authentic leadership and nurses’ caring behavior (β = 0.378, p

To summarize factors contributing to the resilience of nurses in caring for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.

This study examines the association between nurses’ perception of caring and attitudes toward caring for dying patients in end-of-life care units. We used a descriptive cross-sectional design with convenience sampling. Data were collected from May to June 2021 through self-reported questionnaires from 303 Spanish nurses (mean age = 48 years, 78.9% female). Participants completed the Caring Dimension Inventory (CDI-25) and the Frommelt Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying scale. Demographic and training information were collected. Data were analyzed using Stata 16.0. Attitudes toward Care of the Dying Patient were significantly higher in nurses with palliative care training (β = 2.829, p = 0.018) and those who scored higher on the psychosocial (β = 0.789, p = 0.0001) and technical dimensions (β = 0.487, p = 0.011) of the CDI-25. Multivariate analysis identified the psychosocial dimension of the CDI-25 scale (β = 0.783, p = 0.0001) and palliative care training (β = 2.686, p = 0.017) as the only significant variables associated with Attitudes toward Care of the Dying Patient. Overall, nurses exhibited a positive attitude toward caring for dying patients. Our results could potentially help nursing directors identify those with the necessary qualities and training for optimal end-of-life care and to further plan training courses to provide optimal care in end-of-life situations.

Background: Caring behavior among nurses would have an impact on patient outcomes. External organizational job resources and personal internal psychological resources are correlated to nurses' caring behavior. Authentic leadership and psychological capital were shown to be correlated with nurses' caring behavior in previous studies. However, the relationships among the three are nevertheless unclear. This study aimed to examine if psychological capital could act as a mediator between nursing managers' authentic leadership and nurses' caring behavior. Methods: In December 2021, a total of 3,662 nurses were recruited from 37 hospitals in Anhui Province, China. They filled out online surveys, including general demographic information, the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire, the Psychological Capital Questionnaire, and the Caring Behavior Inventory. Structural Equation Modeling and the bootstrapping procedure were used to examine the mediating role of psychological capital. Results: The scores of authentic leadership, psychological capital, and caring behavior of 3,495 nurses were 52.04 ± 13.24, 96.89 ± 17.78, and 104.28 ± 17.01, respectively. Psychological capital significantly mediated the relationship between authentic leadership and nurses' caring behavior (β = 0.378, p < 0.001, 95% confidence interval: 0.350 ~ 0.402), which made up 78.75% of the total impact (0.480). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggested that nursing managers should develop an authentic leadership style, which can effectively improve nurses' caring behaviors toward patients in clinical practice. Meanwhile, nursing leaders should strengthen nurses' psychological evaluation and training, and promote nurses' caring behavior in clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Aim: The aim of this study is to explore the extent of missed nursing care in Turkey and identify its predictors. Design: This was a descriptive, cross‐sectional, multicentre study. Methods: A total of 477 nurses working in seven public hospitals participated in this study from March to July 2019. The survey included two components: a personal and professional characteristics data form and the MISSCARE survey. Results: The study revealed that emotional support, patient bathing and ambulation were the most frequently missed nursing care activities. An inadequate number of assistive personnel and staff, along with an unexpected increase in patient volume, were identified as the primary reasons for missed nursing care. Of the 21 missed nursing care activities, nine predictive models showed statistical significance (p < 0.05). Factors such as the type of unit, years of work experience, working hours, number of patients cared for in a shift and intention to leave the unit were found to be significant predictors of seven missed nursing care activities (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study found that numerous variables influence each care activity, which suggests the need to devise more targeted and specific strategies to minimize missed nursing care. Thorough investigation into the impact of these strategies on each care activity is essential. Summary statement: What is already known about this topic? The problem of missed nursing care (MNC) affects healthcare institutions universally.MNC can serve as an indicator of patient safety, practice environment and quality of care.Intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational and cultural factors may contribute to MNC.What this paper adds: This study found that nurses prioritize more structured and time‐sensitive care activities.This study showed the significant influence of staffing adequacy, patient volume and other variables on MNC.This study identified several significant predictors for each care activity, including the nature of the unit, weekly working hours, nurse‐to‐patient ratio, professional experience and intention to leave.The implications of this paper: To effectively reduce or eliminate MNC, the nature of each care activity should be examined separately.To develop more targeted, specific and comprehensive strategies, predictors of each care activity should be considered.A combination of observation and interview methods is recommended for a comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of the developed strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Caring is the essence and core of nursing. Current studies on the effect of gender on nurses’ perception of caring have been inconsistent. Most of these studies were quantitative and conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic. The study aimed to explore the gender similarities and differences in nurses’ perception of caring during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods In 2020, a cross-sectional mixed-method study was conducted in 11 cities in China using structured online questionnaire (n = 8030) and face-to-face individual interview (n = 42). Data collection tools included the Caring Dimensions Inventory and semi-structured interview. Results In stepwise multivariable linear regression analysis, female nurses scored 1.93 points higher on caring than male nurses, after completely controlling for the other factors. The interview results showed that both male and female nurses agreed that caring was to deal with three kinds of relationships, namely nurses and people, nurses and themselves, nurses and society. There were gender differences in the connotation of caring between nurses and themselves, but not in the connotations of caring between other relationships. The ranking of the importance of caring connotations among these relationships showed no gender difference except between nurses and themselves. Conclusion The quantitative findings suggest that gender influences nurses’ perception of caring. The qualitative findings demonstrate that nurses regard themselves as both recipients and implementers of caring. The qualitative results indicate nurses of different genders have similarities and differences in their perception of caring, and the biggest difference lies in the relationship between nurses and themselves.

Abstract Background To measure caring behaviors, it is necessary to have an instrument adapted based on the contextual culture. This study aimed to translate Caring Behaviors Inventory-24 (CBI-24) into Persian and determine its psychometric properties. Methods This is a methodological study conducted to translate and then psychometrically test The CBI-24. The forward–backward translation was conducted using the World Health Organization (WHO) model and Wild et al. (2005) approach. The face, content, and construct validity of the inventory were assessed using cognitive interviews (10 nurses and 10 patients), expert panel deliberations (10 experts), and the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (300 nurses and 300 patients), respectively. The reliability was determined using the internal consistency (300 nurses and 300 patients) and test–retest method (30 nurses and 30 patients). Results After translating the CBI-24 and combining its items, the forward translation was initially conducted and the final backward translation was then sent to the developer for confirmation. The final version of the inventory was prepared after the completion of cognitive interviews. The content validity index of all items was reported to be more than 0.8 and good. The Cohen's kappa coefficient of all items was also shown to be higher than 0.74 and excellent. The factor loading of all items except item 19 was above 0.3. Item 19 was removed since it caused the alpha value of the respectfulness dimension to be 0.32. The Cronbach's alpha and the correlation coefficient of the whole inventory were calculated to be 0.95 and 0.88, respectively. Conclusion The Persian version of CBI-24 can be a suitable tool for measuring caring behaviors among patients and nurses.

BACKGROUND: Self-efficacy is task-specific, and Professional self-efficacy has been introduced as a factor affecting providing quality nursing care. This study aimed to determine the effects of training the nursing process using the concept map on the caring self-efficacy of nursing students in pediatric departments. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 82 undergraduate nursing students in the second semester of 2021–2022 with a design of two groups before and after training. The samples were selected by census and divided into two experimental and control groups by simple random allocation. The data collection tool was Nursing Caring Self-Efficacy Scale in pediatric departments. The students of two groups in the pediatrics course were trained in the nursing process for nine sessions in three weeks using the concept map. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential tests (Wilcoxon, Mann–Whitney, exact Fisher’s) using SPSS 23. RESULTS: The study results showed no statistical difference between the two groups of students regarding demographic information and pre-test scores. The concept map group’s post-test score of caring self-efficacy increased significantly compared to the pre-test (P < 0.001). The comparison of the post-test scores in the groups showed that the caring self-efficacy score in the intervention group of students was significantly higher than the control group (P = 0.014). CONCLUSION: According to the study results, it is suggested instructors use the concept map as a metacognitive intervention has increased the caring self-efficacy of nursing students in pediatric departments, which will lead to more accurate performance of nursing students in the future.

(1) Background: Although aesthetic attitude has been comprehended as one of the fundamental traits in nursing, there is a lack of discussion considering Kant's aesthetics of caring relationships. The purpose of this study was to illuminate aesthetic and moral characteristics of caring expressed in the caring relationship between a nurse and patient and suggest a new perspective of aesthetic attitude based on Kant's aesthetics of care ethics. (2) Methods: A theoretical reflection was contemplated regarding notions of aesthetic attitude in the caring relationship between a nurse and patient. (3) Results: human faculty of reflective aesthetic judgment to feel the beautiful and the sublime through imagination and free play in Kant's aesthetics could be applied to the aesthetic attitude in the field of nursing. (4) Conclusions: A nurse who has trained with this aesthetic attitude can act as a moral agent and contribute to the protection and promotion of human dignity in a caring relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Quality of care is one of the most critical issues in nursing care today. Moreover, all health care employees are responsible for providing support and high‐quality, safe care. However, nurses caring for COVID‐19 patients face problems such as unfamiliar work environments, exposure to the disease, lack of experience in their new positions, and close public and media attention. This study aimed to investigate missed nursing care and the reasons for missed nursing care during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic in Iran. Methods: This cross‐sectional study included 135 nurses working in COVID‐19 units. Data were collected using the MISSCARE Survey. The significance level for the statistical tests was set at p < 0.05. Results: Most of the participants were women and had a bachelor's degree in nursing. There was a lack of supportive and necessary care more than any other form of care. According to nurses, the most common reasons for missed care were urgent patient situations, inadequate staff, and an unexpected rise in patient volume and/or patient acuity on the unit. Conclusion: Generally, the results showed that being positioned in a new situation and unfamiliarity with the disease had a significant impact—among nurses—on the amount of care provided. Managers can use this information to solve existing missed‐nursing‐care problems and contribute to improving the quality of care. These results can be helpful in controlling missed nursing care and finding a more optimal solution for this problem; thus, we can improve the quality of care delivery and increase the satisfaction of nurses and patients. Additionally, an understanding of the kind of missing nursing care during a pandemic can positively enhance the management of similar situations in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To illuminate the meaning of newly graduated registered nurses' experiences of caring for patients in emergency departments during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Design: A phenomenological hermeneutical study guided by Lindseth and Norberg. Methods: In‐depth one‐on‐one interviews with 14 nurses from five hospitals were conducted from March to November 2020 and analysed using thematic analysis. The consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) were used as the reporting guideline. Results: The findings comprise one main theme Caring through barriers and three themes with sub‐themes. In the first theme, having intention to care, participants revealed their dedication to care for patients during the pandemic despite extensive stress, little experience and skills. The second theme, with tied hands in human suffering, illuminates experiences of being disconnected from the patient, overwhelmed by responsibility and unable to relieve suffering. The third theme, feeling inadequate, reveals experiences of lack of support and doubts meaning less space to develop into the nurse one wants to be. Conclusion: Findings reveal a new understanding of new nurses' experiences during times of crisis. The essence of caring in the emergency department during the pandemic can be explained as mediated through spatial, temporal and emotional barriers preventing new nurses from providing holistic care. Impact The results may be used as anticipatory guidance for new nurses and inform targeted support interventions to support new nurses entering the profession in crisis conditions. Public Contribution: This study involved new nurses in semi‐structured interviews. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Abstract Background Previous studies have explored the influence of interest in learning on caring and critical thinking, as well as the relationship between caring and critical thinking. However, the mediating effect of critical thinking in interest learning and caring among nursing students has not been clarified. Methods Nursing students who enrolled for the 2021/2022 academic year in diploma, undergraduate, or graduate programs in five provinces of China (Guangdong, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Hunan and Macao). An online survey with a convenience sampling method was employed to collect data. The questionnaires were administered to 692 participants between January 20 and 26, 2022. Amos 26.0 was employed to establish the structural equation modelling and analyze the mediating effect of critical thinking on interest in learning and caring. Results The first regression equation showed that interest in learning significantly influenced caring (β = 0.339, p

Abstract Aim To investigate the perception of undergraduate nursing students in different countries in the Middle East about caring. Design A cross‐sectional, descriptive, comparative design. Methods A total of 1,582 nursing students from six different countries in the Middle East completed the Caring Dimensions Inventory. Results The total mean score of caring was 138.8 (± 15.8), indicating a high level of caring. The highest mean score was for nursing students from Egypt (M = 145.37 ± 15.97), whereas the lowest was for nursing students from Palestine (M = 135.36 ± 13.48). The caring perception was more significant for female students than male students, and no significant correlation was found between students' ages and caring scores. Conclusions The high level of caring among nursing students reflects the involvement of caring behaviour in the nursing curricula, which motivates nursing schools to continue stressing the importance of caring and to enhance this behaviour among their graduates. Patient or Public Contribution Improving the students' caring competencies as recommended by the study will influence the caregiving quality in the future that will be reflected in nurse–patient caring relationships and raise the patients' and public satisfaction with nursing care.

Makhfudli Makhfudli,1 Abdulloh Machin,2 Abd Nasir,1,3 Andri Setiya Wahyudi,1 Susilo Harianto,1,3 Rindayati Rindayati,1,3 Hafna Ilmy Muhalla,1,3 Emuliana Sulpat,1,3 Fanni Okviasanti,1,3 Joko Susanto,1,3 Ilkafah Ilkafah,3 Yanis Kartini4 1Faculty of Nursing, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia; 2Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia; 3Faculty of Vocational, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia; 4Department of Nursing, and Midwifery Faculty, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, East Java, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Makhfudli Makhfudli, Tel +62 081332544455, Email makhfudli@fkp.unair.ac.idIntroduction: Being treated in isolation rooms for people infected with COVID-19, creates various perceptions of uncertainty, especially when strict “health protocols” are applied. This study aims to determine the understanding patients with COVID in the intensive care unit from the perspective of care.Materials and Methods: The research design used phenomenological qualitative with in-depth interviews. Purposive sampling was used with interpretive phenomenological analysis. Participants were 25 patients who had been exposed to COVID-19, consisting of 10 men and 15 women.Results: This study resulted in the theme of the perception of COVID-19 sufferers while undergoing treatment in isolation rooms, with four themes, namely, 1) mental attacks, 2) feel like fighting alone, 3) expecting Concern, 4) positive attitude.Conclusion: This analysis shows that various perceptions of uncertainty that are felt while being treated in the isolation room due to suffering from COVID-19 disease can be anticipated by increasing the awareness of nurses to be closer to patients through caring-based nursing practices by emphasizing meaningful interpersonal relationships.Keywords: perception, COVID-19, nursing, isolation room, caring

Introduction: Philosophical viewpoints from the first-hand source regarded as the best inception of COVID-19 knowledge are not widely explored. Humanity’s understanding grounded on experiences becomes substantial only when stringent documentation of any events is performed carefully. COVID-19 as a phenomenon and as an ongoing struggle has myriad global impacts; hence the study aims to explore the understanding of nursing students’ stances regarding the COVID-19 pandemic in their daily life. Methods: The study used a qualitative study design with online survey. A total of 41 nursing students were recruited through total sampling technique. The study was conducted to students in a university in the Philippines. Interview guidelines used open questions and were spread online. The data were subjected to thematic analysis. Results: The thematic analysis revealed five organizing themes, such as communication, commitment, care, collaboration, and change. Those themes were found among nursing students’ stance regarding the COVID-19 phenomenon. Conclusions: The communication, commitment, care, collaboration, and change as development of a crisis-induced framework from study findings satisfies the essential finding that the pandemic is likewise giving rise to a new normal. Moreover, the results assist nursing students and other health-inspired domains to effectively maintain positivity amidst catastrophic climates.

Baccalaureate degree curricula consist of several professional values required for nursing students, which are taught in many ways. This study aimed to explore the perception of baccalaureate Jordanian nursing students regarding professional values and to assess the relationship between students’ demographics and their perception of professional values.

Background: Nurses who care for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) face challenges in providing care for these patients. This study aimed to explain the nurses’ perception of challenges in caring for patients with COVID-19.Methods: This study was carried out using the content analysis method in 2020. In this study, 28 nurses were selected via purposive sampling. Individual and semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect the data. Data collection continued until data saturation. Content analysis was used to categorize the data and the method proposed by Elo and Kyngäs was also applied to analyze the data.Results: Nurses’ challenges were classified into three categories including organizational problems, defective communication process, and psychosocial challenges. The first category was divided into two subcategories including shortage of nurses and lack of personal protective equipment. The second category included two subcategories of defective communication with colleagues and defective communication with the patients and their families. Moreover, the third category was classified into two subcategories including psychological distress and sociocultural challenges.Conclusion: To address the challenges of nurses in caring for patients with COVID-19, the shortage of nurses should be eliminated. Nurses need to participate in comprehensive communication skills training courses. Furthermore, it is necessary to develop educational programs and present them to the public based on the cultural context of the society.

Aim: Exploring nursing students' perceptions regarding caring is essential, especially for nursing educators, in order to provide information for planning a curriculum in nursing education. The aim of this literature review was to synthesize the literature regarding nursing students' perceptions of caring based on the available primary research. Design: A literature review. Methods: Six electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, SCOPUS, Wiley Online Library, and SAGE) were searched. Articles were selected according to PRISMA guidelines. A thematic synthesis framework was applied in this review. Results: Thirteen primary studies were included and synthesized, and seven analytical themes emerged. The analytical themes were: caring as presence, caring as support, caring as professionalism, caring as communication, caring as establishing relationships, and patient well-being as a positive outcome of caring. Conclusion: Caring was perceived variously in this review, and consisted of physical aspects, emotional aspects, and professional aspects, together with obedience to the nursing codes of ethics. Finally, it was felt that being caring to patients should not mean that nurses neglect their own self-care.

Humans are continuously storying and re-storying themselves through language and socially organizing language into narratives to create meaning through experiences. Storytelling through narrative inquiry can bridge world experiences and co-create new moments in time that honor human patterns as wholeness and illuminate the potential for evolving consciousness. This article aims to introduce narrative inquiry methodology as a caring and relational research approach aligned with the worldview grounding Unitary Caring Science. This article uses nursing as an exemplar to inform other human science disciplines interested in using narrative inquiry in research, while defining essential components of narrative inquiry through the theoretical lens of Unitary Caring Science. By exploring research questions through this renewed understanding of narrative inquiry informed by the ontological and ethical tenets of Unitary Caring Science, healthcare disciplines will be knowledgeable and prepared to facilitate knowledge development to contribute to the sustainment of humanity and healthcare beyond eliminating the cause of illness and into the experience of living well with illness. The co-creative process of narrative inquiry as a caring and healing inquiry can guide collective wisdom, moral force, and emancipatory actions by seeing and valuing human experiences through an evolved holistic and humanizing lens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Aims: This manuscript aims to provide a description of an evidence‐informed Science of Care practice‐based research and innovation framework that may serve as a guiding framework to generate new discoveries and knowledge around fundamental care in a more integrated manner. Background: New ways of thinking about models of care and implementation strategies in transdisciplinary teams are required to accelerate inquiry and embed new knowledge and innovation into practice settings. A new way of thinking starts with an explicit articulation and commitment to the core business of the healthcare industry which is to provide quality fundamental care. Design: This discursive paper delineates an iteratively derived Science of Care research and innovation framework (Science of Care Framework) that draws from a targeted literature review. Method: The Science of Care Framework integrates caring science with safety and symptom sciences with implementation, improvement, innovation and team sciences. Each science dimension is described in terms of seminal and evolving evidence and theoretical explanations, focusing on how these disciplines can support fundamental care. Conclusions: The Science of Care Framework can serve as a catalyst to guide future efforts to propel new knowledge and discoveries around fundamental care and how best to implement it into clinical practice through a transdisciplinary lens. Impact on nursing science, practice, or disciplinary knowledge: The Science of Care Framework can accelerate nursing discipline‐specific knowledge generation alongside inter and transdisciplinary insights. The novel articulation of the Science of Care Framework can be used to guide further inquiries that are co‐designed, and led, by nurses into integrated models of care and innovations in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]