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El Plan de Cuidados que exponemos es un Plan de Cuidados General aplicable a todos los niños que ingresan en la unidad, independientemente de la patología que presenten, su situación fisiopatológica o su edad. Son normas generales de actuación del personal de enfermería y se aplica a todos los pacientes en el momento de ingreso. El factor relacionado con los problemas estudiados es la hospitalización y lo que ésta tiene asociado, desde separación de los padres y ruptura vínculo familiar, pasando por inmovilización, empleo de dispositivos cruentos y ambiente en general hostil y desconocido. Está basado en la NANDA, la clasificación de resultados NOC y la clasificación de intervenciones de enfermería NIC. Forma parte del proceso enfermero y promueve unos cuidados sistematizados, humanísticos y eficaces centrados en el niño y los padres. Hemos seleccionado los problemas más relevantes, ordenados según los déficits en los diferentes requisitos de Autocuidado de Dorotea E. Orem. Para cada problema está enunciada su definición, los resultados que pretendemos alcanzar con nuestros cuidados y las intervenciones a realizar para conseguir los resultados, (estos dos últimos aspectos tienen incluida la codificación correspondiente). En todos ellos el factor relacionado más importante es la hospitalización en una unidad de cuidados intensivos y la separación del niño de su entorno habitual. Abstract: The care plan we expose is a general one applicable to all the children who are admitted in the unit, no matter what pathology they present/display, their physiopathological situation or their age. We present the common nursing actions which are applied to all the patients at the time of their admittance. The factor related to the studied problems is the hospitalization and what it has associate, from separation of the parents and rupture familiar ties, up to immobilization, the use of bloody devices and the generally hostile and stranger background. The protocol is based on the NANDA, the nursing outcomes classification NOC and the nursing intervention classification NIC. It is part of the nursing process and promotes systematized, humanistic and effective care, focuses on the child and his parents. We have selected the most relevant problems, ordered according to the deficits in the different selfcare requirements of Dorotea E. Orem. Each problem has its definition, the outcomes we pretend to reach with our care and the interventions to get the outcomes (these two last topics have the corresponding codification). In them all the most important factor is hospitalization in a unit of intensive care and the separation of the child from his habitual environment. Centro de Trabajo: (1-2) DUE. Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos del Hospital Universitario La Paz (Madrid, España). Fecha del Trabajo: 22/05/2009 Palabra Clave: Plan de cuidados; Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos; Autocuidado; Diagnósticos de enfermería; Intervenciones de enfermería. Key Words: Care Plan; Paediatric Intensive Care Unit; Selfcare; Nursing diagnoses; Nursing Interventions.

The care plan we expose is a general one applicable to all the children who are admitted in the unit, no matter what pathology they present/display, their physiopathological situation or their age. We present the common nursing actions which are applied to all the patients at the time of their admittance. The factor related to the studied problems is the hospitalization and what it has associate, from separation of the parents and rupture familiar ties, up to immobilization, the use of bloody devices and the generally hostile and stranger background.The protocol is based on the NANDA, the nursing outcomes classification NOC and the nursing intervention classification NIC. It is part of the nursing process and promotes systematized, humanistic and effective care, focuses on the child and his parents.We have selected the most relevant problems, ordered according to the deficits in the different selfcare requirements of Dorotea E. Orem. Each problem has its definition, the outcomes we pretend to reach with our care and the interventions to get the outcomes (these two last topics have the corresponding codification). In them all the most important factor is hospitalization in a unit of intensive care and the separation of the child from his habitual environment.

The cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) basic is necessary to initiate it as rapidly as possible, its main target is to secure to the oxygenation of emergencia for the protection of the central nervous system and other vital organs. The maneuvers of basic resuscitation are easy to realise, any person can learn them and she does not need specific equipment.The sanitary professionals we are convinced of the prevention through the education and the basic formation of the population before situations critics. Starting off of these premises, our work group considers that the diffusion and education of the knowledge and abilities of the basic CPR between the general population are one of the main methods to improve the rates of survival and to diminish sequels.Our course of CPR is theoretical-practical is directed to parents of children with cardiac, pulmonary, neurological problems at the risk of suffering episodes of vital commitment. Its purpose is that the students secure to resuscitation abilities and action criteria. The theoretical part has as objectives to facilitate the decision making and the understanding of the maneuvers. The practical part consists of the sequential repetition of the maneuvers to practice the coordination and the abilities before diverse situations that can be found the parents.

La reanimación cardiopulmonar (RCP) básica hay que iniciarla lo antes posible, su objetivo fundamental es conseguir la oxigenación de emergencia para la protección del sistema nervioso central y otros órganos vitales. Las maniobras de reanimación básica son fáciles de realizar, cualquier persona puede aprenderlas y no precisa equipamiento específico. Los profesionales sanitarios estamos convencidos de la prevención a través de la educación y la formación básica de la población ante situaciones críticas. Partiendo de estas premisas, nuestro grupo de trabajo considera que la difusión y enseñanza de los conocimientos y habilidades de la RCP básica entre la población general es uno de los principales métodos para mejorar las tasas de supervivencia y disminuir secuelas. Nuestro curso de RCP es teórico-práctico está dirigido a padres de niños con problemas cardiacos, pulmonares, neurológicos con riesgo de padecer episodios de compromiso vital. Su finalidad es que los alumnos consigan habilidades de reanimación y unos criterios de actuación. La parte teórica tiene como objetivos facilitar la toma de decisiones y la comprensión de las maniobras. La parte práctica consiste en la repetición secuencial de las maniobras para practicar la coordinación y las habilidades ante diversas situaciones que se puedan encontrar los padres. Abstract: The cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) basic is necessary to initiate it as rapidly as possible, its main target is to secure to the oxygenation of emergencia for the protection of the central nervous system and other vital organs. The maneuvers of basic resuscitation are easy to realise, any person can learn them and she does not need specific equipment. The sanitary professionals we are convinced of the prevention through the education and the basic formation of the population before situations critics. Starting off of these premises, our work group considers that the diffusion and education of the knowledge and abilities of the basic CPR between the general population are one of the main methods to improve the rates of survival and to diminish sequels. Our course of CPR is theoretical-practical is directed to parents of children with cardiac, pulmonary, neurological problems at the risk of suffering episodes of vital commitment. Its purpose is that the students secure to resuscitation abilities and action criteria. The theoretical part has as objectives to facilitate the decision making and the understanding of the maneuvers. The practical part consists of the sequential repetition of the maneuvers to practice the coordination and the abilities before diverse situations that can be found the parents. Centro de Trabajo: (1-4) Enfermera. Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos. Hospital Infantil La Paz (Madrid, España). Fecha del Trabajo: 22/05/2009 Palabra Clave: Aprendizaje, Prevención Secundaria, Reanimación cardiopulmonar pediátrica, Padres, Cuidadores. Key Words: Learning, Secondary Prevention, Pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Parents, Caregivers.

The initial evaluation of the child, when admitted on the Paediatric Intensive Unit, is a essential tool and key piece as a starting point on the development of a specific Care Plan for each child. Therefore, it is necessary the existence of a protocol, according to a rigorous methodology, so that cares will have quality and thus, it will be avoided that each nursing professional will act in a different way, according to his intuition, beliefs or improvisation capacity.The initial evaluation of the child will allow us not only to coordinate the interventions, but also to give continuity to the cares.The initial evaluation of the child document is a nursing register that is part of the clinical register of the paediatric patient. Nursing registers turn to be the best approximation of what nowadays is our job’s practice, and they are, therefore, necessary for us to be judged by a professional perspective and to make it possible to classify the services we carry out to the society.

La valoración inicial del niño, al ingreso en Cuidados Intensivos, constituye una herramienta esencial y pieza clave como punto de partida de la elaboración de un Plan de Cuidados especifico y personalizado para cada niño. Es por tanto necesario la existencia de un protocolo, siguiendo una metodología rigurosa, para que los cuidados sean de calidad y así evitar que cada profesional de enfermería actúe de forma diferente, según su intuición, creencias o capacidad de improvisación. Con la valoración inicial del niño conseguimos, no sólo coordinar las intervenciones, sino también dar continuidad a los cuidados. El documento de la valoración inicial del niño constituye un registro de enfermería que forma parte de la historia clínica del paciente pediátrico. Los registros de enfermería se convierten en la mejor aproximación a lo que hoy en día es la práctica de nuestro trabajo y son, por tanto, necesarios para que se nos juzgue desde una perspectiva profesional y poder clarificar los servicios que prestamos a la sociedad. Abstract: The initial evaluation of the child, when admitted on the Paediatric Intensive Unit, is a essential tool and key piece as a starting point on the development of a specific Care Plan for each child. Therefore, it is necessary the existence of a protocol, according to a rigorous methodology, so that cares will have quality and thus, it will be avoided that each nursing professional will act in a different way, according to his intuition, beliefs or improvisation capacity. The initial evaluation of the child will allow us not only to coordinate the interventions, but also to give continuity to the cares. The initial evaluation of the child document is a nursing register that is part of the clinical register of the paediatric patient. Nursing registers turn to be the best approximation of what nowadays is our job’s practice, and they are, therefore, necessary for us to be judged by a professional perspective and to make it possible to classify the services we carry out to the society. Centro de Trabajo: (1) D.U.E. Unidad de Pediatría del Hospital El Escorial (San Lorenzo del Escorial, Madrid), (2) D.U.E. U.C.I.P. Hospital Universitario La Paz (Madrid), (3) D.U.E. U.C.I.P. Hospital Provincial de Castellón (Castellón de la Plana, Valencia) Fecha del Trabajo: 23/03/2007 Palabra Clave: Valoración inicial, Diagnósticos de enfermería, Registros de enfermería, Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos, Valoración de enfermería Key Words: Initial evaluation, Nursing diagnosis, Nursing registers, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Nursing evaluation