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Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of an empowerment program on the moral sensitivity and caring behaviors of nurses in emergency departments in Iran., Background: Emergency department is often a high stress environment. Nurses who worked in the emergency departments are expected to work under pressure to many standards, guidelines and protocols related to patient care. It will expose emergency department nurses to psychological pressures and moral conflicts. A nurse's sensitivity to ethical issues is necessary to provide humane care; it is considered to be a professional competence for nurses., Methods: This study had a controlled quasi-experimental design. Data were collected before, immediately after, and 1 month after the intervention using a moral sensitivity questionnaire and a caring behavior questionnaire. A total of 131 emergency department nurses from 4 teaching hospitals were divided into an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group received six 60-minute training sessions; the control group did not receive the training., Results: The mean moral sensitivity and caring behavior scores for both groups increased significantly immediately and 1 month after the intervention. However, the significance was higher in the intervention group than in the control group. A comparison of the mean moral sensitivity and caring behavior scores between the groups immediately and 1 month after the intervention did not show a statistically significant difference., Conclusions: Implementing a training program on ethical issues could thus have a significant impact on the clinical performance of nurses, which could be maintained through follow-up., (Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Objectives:: Futile medical care is considered as the care or treatment that does not benefit the patient. Staff of intensive care units experience moral distress when they perceive the futility of care. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between perceptions of nurses regarding futile medical care and their caring behaviors toward patients in the final stages of life admitted to intensive care units., Method:: This correlation, analytical study was conducted with 181 nursing staff of the intensive care units of health centers affiliated to Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran. The data collection tool included a three-part questionnaire containing demographic characteristics form, perception of futile care questionnaire, and caring behaviors inventory. To analyze the data, statistical tests and central indices of tendency and dispersion were investigated using SPSS, version 19. Pearson's correlation coefficient, partial correlation, t-test, and analysis of variance tests were performed to assess the relationship between the variables., Ethical Considerations:: The study was reviewed by the ethics committee of the Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Informed consent was obtained from participants., Results:: Our findings illustrated that the majority of nurses (65.7%) had a moderate perception of futile care, and most of them (98.9%) had desirable caring behaviors in taking care of patients in the final stages of life. The nurses believed that psychosocial aspects of care were of utmost importance. There was a significant negative relationship between perception of futile care and caring behavior., Conclusion:: Given the moderate perception of nurses concerning futile care, and its negative impact on caring behaviors toward patients, implementing suitable interventions for minimizing the frequency of futile care and its resulting tension seems to be mandatory. It is imperative to train nurses on adjustment mechanisms and raise their awareness as to situations resulting in futile care.

Background/objective: Nurses are at high risk of burnout, desire to leave the profession, and possibly missed nursing care due to the exhausting nature of caring. Missed nursing care may also affect nurses' burnout and desire to leave the profession. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the missed nursing care and its relationship with burnout and desire to leave the profession among intensive care unit nurses. Subjects/Methods: The participants of this descriptive analytical study were 249 Iranian nurses working in intensive care units in 2022. The data were collected using a Demographic Information Questionnaire, Kalish's Missed Nursing Care Questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and desire to leave the profession questionnaire. Results: The majority of nurses (71%) were females. The generalized linear regression model showed that there was a significant relationship between missed care with gender (B = 5.55, P < .001), marital status (B = -7.37, P = .04), working shift (B = 7.80, P < .001), and employment status (B = -2.87, P = .02). Using structural equation modeling, it was found that the effect of missed care on burnout was significant. Conclusions: Considering the effect of missed care on burnout among nurses working in intensive care units, it seems that creating better working conditions, providing sufficient resources for nurses, supporting them, and changing the factors affecting missed care in order to improve the conditions can reduce the possibility of missing nursing care and, finally, burnout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: High workload, insufficient resources, and many stressors in the workplace have led to the imposition of physical and psychological pressures on nurses, which exposes them to Death Anxiety (DA). This systematic review aimed to assess the DA and factors associated with its in nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: An extensive search was conducted on Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Iranmedex, and Scientific Information Database (SID) databases via keywords including "Death", "Death Anxiety", "Nurses", and "COVID-19", from December 2019 to November 10, 2021. Results: 818 nurses were enrolled in four papers. Nurses' mean age and work experiences were 31.21 (SD=5.43) and 7.60 (SD=6.73) years, respectively. The mean DA of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic was 7.30 (SD=2.23). Also, 31.05% of nurses had a high DA level during the COVID-19 pandemic. Age, sex, work experience, working hours per week, childbearing, several patients needing end-of-life care, direct participation in resuscitation operations, patient death, depression, mental health status, and life satisfaction were influential factors in DA nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: Thus, nursing policymakers should pay special attention to these factors related to nurses' health maintenance and promotion programs to increase the quality of nursing care for COVID-19 patients. Also, it is recommended that psychological and communication support be provided to nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethical Climate is an important aspect in organizational climate and a positive ethical climate is required for supporting the nurses' professional actions. Therefore, it seems essential to do studies across the country in order to know about the hospitals climate. Hence, the aim of the present study was to survey the nurses' perception of the ethical climate of the educational hospitals in Sari. This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 151 randomly selected nurses in educational hospitals of Sari in 2016. A two-part questionnaire was used for data collection which the first part was related to demographic features and the second part was a standard ethical climate questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed in SPSS 19 software by using descriptive statistical tests, variance analysis and t-test. The participants' average age was 31.56 ± 5.63. There were 60 male among the participants, 6 associated nurses, and 124 bachelors of nursing as well as 21 MSc. in nursing. Also 65 nurses had 1-5, 45 individuals had 5-10 as well as 41 of them had more than 10 years' work experience. The relationship between perceived ethical climate of the nurses and participants' demographic features was not significant. The results of this study indicated that the ethical climate of the educational hospitals of Sari was favorable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The staff who have safe work environment, do their best to make their work environment better and more efficient. These staff act more successful and most probably have high job involvement. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between ethical climate and job involvement among the nurses working in educational hospitals of Sari. Implementation method: This study is a descriptive-analytical one which was conducted on 151 nurses of educational hospitals of Sari in 2016. For data collection a three-part questionnaire was used, the first part of which was related to demographic features. The second part was a Kanungu standard job involvement questionnaire while the third part was related to the Olson's ethical climate questionnaire. Finally the collected data were analyzed by SPSS19 software using t-test statistical tests and variance analysis. Findings: The participants of this study were the nurses working in educational hospitals of Sari whose average age was 31.56 ± 5.63, 91 individuals were female and 96 of them were passed the ethics courses. The relationship between the gender and ethical climate was not significant while its relationship with job involvement was significant. Also the relationship of age and ethics course passing was not significant with ethical climate and job involvement. The ethical climate mean score was 93.72 ± 13.41 while job involvement's was 29.51 ± 6.35 and their relationship was significant. Conclusion: The results indicated that although the staff had a good perception of ethical climate but they had low job involvement and the relationship between ethical climate and job involvement was significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]