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The emphasis is made on the novel radiation monitoring systems at colliders based on the Metal Foil Detector technology. The radiation monitoring systems for the HERA-B experiment (DESY, Hamburg) as well as for the Silicon Tracker of the LHCb experiment (CERN, Geneva) are described. The micro-strip Metal Foil Detector used for the beam profile monitoring is briefly presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of low energy accelerators and neutron generators to investigate the physics of multiplying systems, driven by high energy (Ep = 0.6 - -2.0GeV) particles accelerators is discussed. The prospects of the subcritical facility "Yalina" driven by a neutron generator, to study sub-critical systems driven by an external neutron sources is investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Further progress in nuclear power engineering to large extent will depend on the solution of two basic problems: improvement of the safety level and on the efficient transmutation of the long-lived radioactive waste. Possible solutions of these problems consist in the construction of subcritical systems capable to multiply neutrons from an external source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An approach for description of the space-time evolution of self-organizing nuclear burning wave regime in a critical fast neutron reactor has been developed in the effective multigroup approximation. It is based on solving the non-stationary neutron diffusion equation together with the fuel burn-up equations and the equations of nuclear kinetics for delayed neutron precursor nuclei. The calculations have been carried out in the plane one-dimensional model for a two-zone homogeneous reactor with the metal U-Pu fuel, the Na coolant and constructional material Fe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current status and prospects of the world nuclear energy are analyzed. It is shown that because of the fossil fuel shortage the future of the mankind is hardly possible without the nuclear energy. The scientific and technology challenges of the future Generation III and IV nuclear energy systems are outlined. It is stated that to meet the safety criteria they must be sustainable, economical, reliable, proliferation resistant, and physically protected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper describes the situation in the uranium mining and spent fuel management in the Czech Republic. Uranium mining has a long history in the Jachymov area. By the 1960s Czech mines producing 3000 tons a year. After 1989 the uranium mine are mostly closed down and only one active mine in Rozna is active and it is being phased out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Possibilities of the nuclear emulsion technique for the study of the systems of several relativistic fragments produced in the peripheral interactions of relativistic nuclei are discussed. The interactions of the 10B and 9Be nuclei in emulsion are taken as an example to show the manifestation of the cluster degrees of freedom in relativistic fragmentation. For the case of the relativistic 9Be nucleus dissociation it is shown that exact angular measurements play a crucial role in the restoration of the excitation spectrum of the alpha particle fragments. The energy calibration of the angular measurements by the 9Be nucleus enables one to conclude reliably about the features of internal velocity distributions in more complicated systems of relativistic α particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A set of arguments in favor of the concept of "superfluidity" of the cosmic evolution is discussed in the context of the topical problems of modern cosmology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe an attempt to numerically model Bose-Einstein correlations (BEC) from "within", i.e., by using them as the most fundamental ingredient of a Monte Carlo event generator (MC) rather than considering them as a kind of (more or less important, depending on the actual situation) "afterburner", which inevitably changes the original physical content of the MC code used to model multiparticle production process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analysis of the isoscalar S- and D-waves of processes ππ → ππ, K, η is carried out aimed at studying the status and QCD nature of scalar and tensor mesons below 2 GeV and 2.3 Gev, respectively. Assignment of these mesons to lower scalar and tensor nonets is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method based on analytic approach in QCD, involving a summation of threshold singularities andtaking into account a nonperturbative character of the light quark masses, is applied to find hadronic contributions to different physical quantities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brief summary of top quark physics frown discovery to LHC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this writeup a selection of recent results from the experiments H1 and ZEUS with electron-proton collisions at HERA is presented. After a brief introduction, the review covers structure functions, QCD fits and the determination of αs, heavy flavor production, determination of electroweak parameters, spectroscopy and search for new physics. The results described use mostly the full HERA I luminosity but first measurements from HERA II data using collisions with polarised e± beam are also presented. Prospects for future measurements with HERA II and their relevance for future high energy physics experiments are addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Hamiltonian approach to cosmological perturbations in general relativity (GR) in finite space-time is considered, where a cosmological scale factor is identified with spatial averaging the metric determinant logarithm. This identification keeps the number of variables and energy constraint in GR. It leads to a cosmological perturbation theory with the scalar potential perturbations in contrast to the kinetic ones in the Lifshitz version of 1946. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Results from the K2K experiment and status of the T2K experiment are reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this talk I discuss how a first order phase transition may proceed in rapidly expanding partonic matter produced in a relativistic heavy-ion collision. The resulting picture is that a strong collective flow of matter will lead to the fragmentation of a metastable phase into droplets. If the transition from quark-gluon plasma to hadron gas is of the first order, it will manifest itself by strong nonstatistical fluctuations in observable hadron distributions. I discuss shortly existing experimental data on the multiplicity fluctuations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper a covariant Lagrangian constructed on the bases of the correspondence principle between the relativistic moving medium electrodynamics and relativistic quantum field theory requirements is used. The contribution and physical interpretation of the Lagrangian coefficients to invariant Compton scattering structures have been obtained. We have analyzed the phenomenological tensor constant quantities as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experimental proposal to measure Br(K+ → π+νν) is described. The goal is to collect about 80 K+ → π+νν events with signal to background ratio of 10:1 in two years of data taking. This will allow determination of the CKM parameter Vtd with approximately 10% accuracy. The proposed detector setup together with the analysis technique are reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The approach to interactions of hadrons, virtual photons and nuclei with nuclei, proposed by Gribov, is reviewed and applied to description of nuclear structure functions in the small x region and heavy ion collisions. The problem of saturation of parton densities in deep inelastic scattering (DIS) in the limit x → 0 is discussed and its relation to heavy ion collisions at very high energies is investigated. It is emphasized that the shadowing effects are important in a definite kinematical region. It is shown that the prediction of the Glauber model for densities of hadrons produced in the central rapidity region in nucleus-nucleus interactions are modified due to shadowing of small-x-partons. Calculations show that shadowing effects are important at RHIC energies, but the "saturation" at these energies is not achieved yet. Production of particles with large transverse momenta and jets both in Au-Au and D-Au collisions is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phase diagram of strongly interacting matter is discussed within the exactly solvable statistical model of the quark-gluon bags. The model predicts two phases of matter: the hadron gas at a low temperature T and baryonic chemical potential μB, and the quark-gluon gas at a high T and/or μB. The nature of the phase transition depends on a form of the bag massvolume spectrum (its pre-exponential factor), which is expected to change with the μB/T ratio. It is therefore likely that the line of the 1st order transition at a high μB/T ratio is followed by the line of the 2nd order phase transition at an intermediate μB/T, and then by the lines of "higher order transitions" at a low μB/T. This talk is based on a recent paper (Gorenstein, Gaździcki, and Greiner, 2005). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last three years of data taking, the ATHENA experiment at the CERN Antiproton Decelerator facility has been able to produce large amounts of antihydrogen atoms and to study the formation process in detail. Moreover, in 2004, ATHENA tried to produce antihydrogen by means of laser stimulation. In this contribution we summarize the main results obtained and the progress made in analysing the results of the laser experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new experimental program to study hadron production in collisions of nuclei at the CERN SPS is presented. It will focus on measurements of fluctuations and long correlations with the aim to identify properties of the onset of deconfinement and search for the critical point of strongly interacting matter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On the base of the system of hydrodynamic equations we consider a model of formation and development of the hydrodynamic vortices in the nuclear matter during relativistic heavy-ion collisions, in astrophysical objects, and in powerful atmospheric phenomena such as typhoons and tornados. A new class of the analytic solutions of non-relativistic hydrodynamic equations for the incompressible liquid in the presence of a bulk sink are analyzed. The main feature of these solutions is that they describe non-stationary hydrodynamic vortices with the azimuth component of velocity exponentially or explosively growing with time. A necessary attribute of a system with such a behavior is a presence of a bulk sink, which provides the existence of the non-stationary vortex regime. These solutions are obtained by nullifying the terms in the Navier-Stokes equations, which describe viscous effects, exist and represent vortex structure with "rigid-body" rotation of the core and converging radial flows. With the help of our model we explain some typical features of the above physical systems from the unique point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]