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1. Spectra and mean multiplicities of $$\pi ^{-}$$ π - in central $${}^{40}$$ 40 Ar+ $${}^{45}$$ 45 Sc collisions at 13A, 19A, 30A, 40A, 75A and 150 $$A\,\text{ Ge }\text{ V }\!/\!\textit{c}$$ A Ge V / c beam momenta measured by the NA61/SHINE spectrometer at the CERN SPS

Author

A. Acharya, H. Adhikary, K. K. Allison, E. V. Andronov, T. Antićić, V. Babkin, M. Baszczyk, S. Bhosale, A. Blondel, M. Bogomilov, A. Brandin, A. Bravar, W. Bryliński, J. Brzychczyk, M. Buryakov, O. Busygina, A. Bzdak, H. Cherif, M. Ćirković, M. Csanad, J. Cybowska, T. Czopowicz, A. Damyanova, N. Davis, M. Deliyergiyev, M. Deveaux, A. Dmitriev, W. Dominik, P. Dorosz, J. Dumarchez, R. Engel, G. A. Feofilov, L. Fields, Z. Fodor, A. Garibov, M. Gaździcki, O. Golosov, V. Golovatyuk, M. Golubeva, K. Grebieszkow, F. Guber, A. Haesler, S. N. Igolkin, S. Ilieva, A. Ivashkin, S. R. Johnson, K. Kadija, N. Kargin, E. Kashirin, M. Kiełbowicz, V. A. Kireyeu, V. Klochkov, V. I. Kolesnikov, D. Kolev, A. Korzenev, V. N. Kovalenko, S. Kowalski, M. Koziel, B. Kozłowski, A. Krasnoperov, W. Kucewicz, M. Kuich, A. Kurepin, D. Larsen, A. László, T. V. Lazareva, M. Lewicki, K. Łojek, V. V. Lyubushkin, M. Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, Z. Majka, B. Maksiak, A. I. Malakhov, A. Marcinek, A. D. Marino, K. Marton, H. -J. Mathes, T. Matulewicz, V. Matveev, G. L. Melkumov, A. O. Merzlaya, B. Messerly, Ł. Mik, S. Morozov, Y. Nagai, M. Naskręt, V. Ozvenchuk, V. Paolone, O. Petukhov, I. Pidhurskyi, R. Płaneta, P. Podlaski, B. A. Popov, B. Porfy, M. Posiadała-Zezula, D. S. Prokhorova, D. Pszczel, S. Puławski, J. Puzović, M. Ravonel, R. Renfordt, D. Röhrich, E. Rondio, M. Roth, B. T. Rumberger, M. Rumyantsev, A. Rustamov, M. Rybczynski, A. Rybicki, S. Sadhu, A. Sadovsky, K. Schmidt, I. Selyuzhenkov, A. Yu. Seryakov, P. Seyboth, M. Słodkowski, P. Staszel, G. Stefanek, J. Stepaniak, M. Strikhanov, H. Ströbele, T. Šuša, A. Taranenko, A. Tefelska, D. Tefelski, V. Tereshchenko, A. Toia, R. Tsenov, L. Turko, R. Ulrich, M. Unger, D. Uzhva, F. F. Valiev, D. Veberič, V. V. Vechernin, A. Wickremasinghe, K. Wójcik, O. Wyszyński, A. Zaitsev, E. D. Zimmerman, and R. Zwaska

Subjects
QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, Nuclear Theory, QC770-798, Nuclear Experiment, Astrophysics
Abstract

The physics goal of the strong interaction program of the NA61/SHINE experiment at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) is to study the phase diagram of hadronic matter by a scan of particle production in collisions of nuclei with various sizes at a set of energies covering the SPS energy range. This paper presents differential inclusive spectra of transverse momentum, transverse mass and rapidity of $$\pi ^{-}$$ π - mesons produced in central $${}^{40}$$ 40 Ar+ $${}^{45}$$ 45 Sc collisions at beam momenta of 13A, 19A, 30A, 40A, 75A and 150 $$A\,\text{ Ge }\text{ V }\!/\!\textit{c}$$ A Ge V / c . Energy and system size dependence of parameters of these distributions – mean transverse mass, the inverse slope parameter of transverse mass spectra, width of the rapidity distribution and mean multiplicity – are presented and discussed. Furthermore, the dependence of the ratio of the mean number of produced pions to the mean number of wounded nucleons on the collision energy was derived. The results are compared to predictions of several models.

Published
2021

2. Measurements of $$\pi ^\pm $$ π ± , $$K^\pm $$ K ± , p and $$\bar{p}$$ p ¯ spectra in $$^7$$ 7 Be+ $$^9$$ 9 Be collisions at beam momenta from 19A to 150A $${\mathrm{Ge} \mathrm{V}}\!/\!c$$ Ge V / c with the NA61/SHINE spectrometer at the CERN SPS

Author

A. Acharya, H. Adhikary, A. Aduszkiewicz, K. K. Allison, E. V. Andronov, T. Antićić, V. Babkin, M. Baszczyk, S. Bhosale, A. Blondel, M. Bogomilov, A. Brandin, A. Bravar, W. Bryliński, J. Brzychczyk, M. Buryakov, O. Busygina, A. Bzdak, H. Cherif, M. Ćirković, M. Csanad, J. Cybowska, T. Czopowicz, A. Damyanova, N. Davis, M. Deliyergiyev, M. Deveaux, A. Dmitriev, W. Dominik, P. Dorosz, J. Dumarchez, R. Engel, G. A. Feofilov, L. Fields, Z. Fodor, A. Garibov, M. Gaździcki, O. Golosov, V. Golovatyuk, M. Golubeva, K. Grebieszkow, F. Guber, A. Haesler, S. N. Igolkin, S. Ilieva, A. Ivashkin, S. R. Johnson, K. Kadija, N. Kargin, E. Kashirin, M. Kiełbowicz, V. A. Kireyeu, V. Klochkov, V. I. Kolesnikov, D. Kolev, A. Korzenev, V. N. Kovalenko, S. Kowalski, M. Koziel, B. Kozłowski, A. Krasnoperov, W. Kucewicz, M. Kuich, A. Kurepin, D. Larsen, A. László, T. V. Lazareva, M. Lewicki, K. Łojek, V. V. Lyubushkin, M. Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, Z. Majka, B. Maksiak, A. I. Malakhov, A. Marcinek, A. D. Marino, K. Marton, H. -J. Mathes, T. Matulewicz, V. Matveev, G. L. Melkumov, A. O. Merzlaya, B. Messerly, Ł. Mik, S. Morozov, S. Mrówczyński, Y. Nagai, M. Naskręt, V. Ozvenchuk, V. Paolone, O. Petukhov, R. Płaneta, P. Podlaski, B. A. Popov, B. Porfy, M. Posiadała-Zezula, D. S. Prokhorova, D. Pszczel, S. Puławski, J. Puzović, M. Ravonel, R. Renfordt, D. Röhrich, E. Rondio, M. Roth, B. T. Rumberger, M. Rumyantsev, A. Rustamov, M. Rybczynski, A. Rybicki, S. Sadhu, A. Sadovsky, K. Schmidt, I. Selyuzhenkov, A. Yu. Seryakov, P. Seyboth, M. Słodkowski, P. Staszel, G. Stefanek, J. Stepaniak, M. Strikhanov, H. Ströbele, T. Šuša, A. Taranenko, A. Tefelska, D. Tefelski, V. Tereshchenko, A. Toia, R. Tsenov, L. Turko, R. Ulrich, M. Unger, D. Uzhva, F. F. Valiev, D. Veberič, V. V. Vechernin, A. Wickremasinghe, Z. Włodarczyk, K. Wójcik, O. Wyszyński, E. D. Zimmerman, R. Zwaska, and NA61/SHINE Collaboration

Subjects
lcsh:QB460-466, lcsh:QC770-798, lcsh:Astrophysics, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The NA61/SHINE experiment at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) studies the onset of deconfinement in hadron matter by a scan of particle production in collisions of nuclei with various sizes at a set of energies covering the SPS energy range. This paper presents results on inclusive double-differential spectra, transverse momentum and rapidity distributions and mean multiplicities of $$\pi ^\pm $$ π ± , $$K^\pm $$ K ± , p and $$\bar{p}$$ p ¯ produced in the 20% most central $$^7$$ 7 Be+ $$^9$$ 9 Be collisions at beam momenta of 19A, 30A, 40A, 75A and 150A $${\mathrm{Ge} \mathrm{V}}\!/\!c$$ Ge V / c . The energy dependence of the $$K^\pm $$ K ± / $$\pi ^\pm $$ π ± ratios as well as of inverse slope parameters of the $$K^\pm $$ K ± transverse mass distributions are close to those found in inelastic p+p reactions. The new results are compared to the world data on p+p and Pb+Pb collisions as well as to predictions of the Epos, Urqmd, Ampt, Phsd and Smash models.

Published
2021

3. Two-particle correlations in azimuthal angle and pseudorapidity in central $$^7\hbox {Be}+{}^9\hbox {Be}$$ 7 Be + 9 Be collisions at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron

Author

A. Aduszkiewicz, E. V. Andronov, T. Antićić, V. Babkin, M. Baszczyk, S. Bhosale, A. Blondel, M. Bogomilov, A. Brandin, A. Bravar, W. Bryliński, J. Brzychczyk, M. Buryakov, O. Busygina, A. Bzdak, H. Cherif, M. Ćirković, M. Csanad, J. Cybowska, T. Czopowicz, A. Damyanova, N. Davis, M. Deliyergiyev, M. Deveaux, A. Dmitriev, W. Dominik, P. Dorosz, J. Dumarchez, R. Engel, G. A. Feofilov, L. Fields, Z. Fodor, A. Garibov, M. Gaździcki, O. Golosov, V. Golovatyuk, M. Golubeva, K. Grebieszkow, F. Guber, A. Haesler, S. N. Igolkin, S. Ilieva, A. Ivashkin, S. R. Johnson, K. Kadija, N. Kargin, E. Kashirin, M. Kiełbowicz, V. A. Kireyeu, V. Klochkov, V. I. Kolesnikov, D. Kolev, A. Korzenev, V. N. Kovalenko, S. Kowalski, M. Koziel, A. Krasnoperov, W. Kucewicz, M. Kuich, A. Kurepin, D. Larsen, A. László, T. V. Lazareva, M. Lewicki, K. Łojek, V. V. Lyubushkin, M. Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, Z. Majka, B. Maksiak, A. I. Malakhov, A. Marcinek, A. D. Marino, K. Marton, H.-J. Mathes, T. Matulewicz, V. Matveev, G. L. Melkumov, A. O. Merzlaya, B. Messerly, Ł. Mik, S. Morozov, S. Mrówczyński, Y. Nagai, M. Naskręt, V. Ozvenchuk, V. Paolone, O. Petukhov, R. Płaneta, P. Podlaski, B. A. Popov, B. Porfy, M. Posiadała-Zezula, D. S. Prokhorova, D. Pszczel, S. Puławski, J. Puzović, M. Ravonel, R. Renfordt, D. Röhrich, E. Rondio, M. Roth, B. T. Rumberger, M. Rumyantsev, A. Rustamov, M. Rybczynski, A. Rybicki, A. Sadovsky, K. Schmidt, I. Selyuzhenkov, A. Yu. Seryakov, P. Seyboth, M. Słodkowski, P. Staszel, G. Stefanek, J. Stepaniak, M. Strikhanov, H. Ströbele, T. Šuša, A. Taranenko, A. Tefelska, D. Tefelski, V. Tereshchenko, A. Toia, R. Tsenov, L. Turko, R. Ulrich, M. Unger, D. Uzhva, F. F. Valiev, D. Veberič, V. V. Vechernin, A. Wickremasinghe, Z. Włodarczyk, K. Wojcik, O. Wyszyński, E. D. Zimmerman, R. Zwaska, and NA61/SHINE Collaboration

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, lcsh:QB460-466, lcsh:QC770-798, lcsh:Astrophysics, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

A measurement of charged hadron pair correlations in two-dimensional $$\Delta \eta \Delta \phi $$ Δ η Δ ϕ space is presented. The analysis is based on total 30 million central Be + Be collisions observed in the NA61/SHINE detector at the CERN SPS for incident beam momenta of 19A, 30A, 40A, 75A, and 150A $$\text {Ge} \text {V}/c$$ Ge / c . Measurements were carried out for unlike-sign and like-sign charge hadron pairs independently. The $$C(\Delta \eta ,\Delta \phi )$$ C ( Δ η , Δ ϕ ) correlation functions were compared with results from a similar analysis on p + p interactions at similar beam momenta per nucleon. General trends of the back-to-back correlations are similar in central Be + Be collisions and p + p interactions, but are suppressed in magnitude due to the increased combinatorial background. Predictions from the Epos and UrQMD models are compared to the measurements. Evolution of an enhancement around $$(\Delta \eta ,\Delta \phi ) = (0,0)$$ ( Δ η , Δ ϕ ) = ( 0 , 0 ) with incident energy is observed in central Be + Be collisions. It is not predicted by both models and almost non-existing in proton–proton collisions at the same momentum per nucleon.

Published
2020

4. Measurements of $$\pi ^-$$ π - production in $$^7$$ 7 Be + $$^9$$ 9 Be collisions at beam momenta from 19A to 150 $$A\,\text{ GeV }\!/\!c$$ A GeV / c in the NA61/SHINE experiment at the CERN SPS

Author

A. Acharya, H. Adhikary, A. Aduszkiewicz, K. K. Allison, E. V. Andronov, T. Antićić, V. Babkin, M. Baszczyk, S. Bhosale, A. Blondel, M. Bogomilov, A. Brandin, A. Bravar, W. Bryliński, J. Brzychczyk, M. Buryakov, O. Busygina, A. Bzdak, H. Cherif, M. Ćirković, M. Csanad, J. Cybowska, T. Czopowicz, A. Damyanova, N. Davis, M. Deliyergiyev, M. Deveaux, A. Dmitriev, W. Dominik, P. Dorosz, J. Dumarchez, R. Engel, G. A. Feofilov, L. Fields, Z. Fodor, A. Garibov, M. Gaździcki, O. Golosov, V. Golovatyuk, M. Golubeva, K. Grebieszkow, F. Guber, A. Haesler, S. N. Igolkin, S. Ilieva, A. Ivashkin, S. R. Johnson, K. Kadija, N. Kargin, E. Kashirin, M. Kiełbowicz, V. A. Kireyeu, V. Klochkov, V. I. Kolesnikov, D. Kolev, A. Korzenev, V. N. Kovalenko, S. Kowalski, M. Koziel, A. Krasnoperov, W. Kucewicz, M. Kuich, A. Kurepin, D. Larsen, A. László, T. V. Lazareva, M. Lewicki, K. Łojek, V. V. Lyubushkin, M. Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, Z. Majka, B. Maksiak, A. I. Malakhov, A. Marcinek, A. D. Marino, K. Marton, H.-J. Mathes, T. Matulewicz, V. Matveev, G. L. Melkumov, A. O. Merzlaya, B. Messerly, Ł. Mik, S. Morozov, S. Mrówczyński, Y. Nagai, M. Naskręt, V. Ozvenchuk, V. Paolone, O. Petukhov, R. Płaneta, P. Podlaski, B. A. Popov, B. Porfy, M. Posiadała-Zezula, D. S. Prokhorova, D. Pszczel, S. Puławski, J. Puzović, M. Ravonel, R. Renfordt, D. Röhrich, E. Rondio, M. Roth, B. T. Rumberger, M. Rumyantsev, A. Rustamov, M. Rybczynski, A. Rybicki, S. Sadhu, A. Sadovsky, K. Schmidt, I. Selyuzhenkov, A. Yu. Seryakov, P. Seyboth, M. Słodkowski, P. Staszel, G. Stefanek, J. Stepaniak, M. Strikhanov, H. Ströbele, T. Šuša, A. Taranenko, A. Tefelska, D. Tefelski, V. Tereshchenko, A. Toia, R. Tsenov, L. Turko, R. Ulrich, M. Unger, D. Uzhva, F. F. Valiev, D. Veberič, V. V. Vechernin, A. Wickremasinghe, Z. Włodarczyk, K. Wojcik, O. Wyszyński, E. D. Zimmerman, and R. Zwaska

Subjects
Nuclear Theory, lcsh:QB460-466, lcsh:QC770-798, High Energy Physics::Experiment, lcsh:Astrophysics, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The NA61/SHINE collaboration studies at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) the onset of deconfinement in hadronic matter by the measurement of particle production in collisions of nuclei with various sizes at a set of energies covering the SPS energy range. This paper presents results on inclusive double-differential spectra and mean multiplicities of $$\pi ^{-}$$ π - mesons produced in the 5% most central $$^7$$ 7 Be + $$^9$$ 9 Be collisions at beam momenta of 19A, 30A, 40A, 75A and 150 $$A\,\text{ GeV }\!/\!c$$ A GeV / c obtained by the so-called $$h^-$$ h - method which does not require any particle identification. The shape of the transverse mass spectra differs from the shapes measured in central Pb + Pb collisions and inelastic p+p interactions. The normalized width of the rapidity distribution decreases with increasing collision energy and is in between the results for inelastic nucleon–nucleon and central Pb + Pb collisions. The mean multiplicity of pions per wounded nucleon in central $$^7$$ 7 Be + $$^9$$ 9 Be collisions is close to that in central Pb + Pb collisions up to 75 $$A\,\text{ GeV }\!/\!c$$ A GeV / c . However, at the top SPS energy the result lies between those for nucleon–nucleon and Pb + Pb interactions. The results are discussed in the context of predictions for the onset of deconfinement at the CERN SPS collision energies.

Published
2020

5. Measurement of $$\phi $$ ϕ meson production in $$p + p$$ p+p interactions at 40, 80 and $$158 \, \hbox {GeV}/c$$ 158GeV/c with the NA61/SHINE spectrometer at the CERN SPS

Author

A. Aduszkiewicz, E. V. Andronov, T. Antićić, V. Babkin, M. Baszczyk, S. Bhosale, A. Blondel, M. Bogomilov, A. Brandin, A. Bravar, W. Bryliński, J. Brzychczyk, M. Buryakov, O. Busygina, A. Bzdak, H. Cherif, M. Ćirković, M. Csanad, J. Cybowska, T. Czopowicz, A. Damyanova, N. Davis, M. Deliyergiyev, M. Deveaux, A. Dmitriev, W. Dominik, P. Dorosz, J. Dumarchez, R. Engel, G. A. Feofilov, L. Fields, Z. Fodor, A. Garibov, M. Gaździcki, O. Golosov, V. Golovatyuk, M. Golubeva, K. Grebieszkow, F. Guber, A. Haesler, S. N. Igolkin, S. Ilieva, A. Ivashkin, S. R. Johnson, K. Kadija, E. Kaptur, N. Kargin, E. Kashirin, M. Kiełbowicz, V. A. Kireyeu, V. Klochkov, V. I. Kolesnikov, D. Kolev, A. Korzenev, V. N. Kovalenko, K. Kowalik, S. Kowalski, M. Koziel, A. Krasnoperov, W. Kucewicz, M. Kuich, A. Kurepin, D. Larsen, A. László, T. V. Lazareva, M. Lewicki, K. Łojek, B. Łysakowski, V. V. Lyubushkin, M. Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, Z. Majka, B. Maksiak, A. I. Malakhov, D. Manić, A. Marchionni, A. Marcinek, A. D. Marino, K. Marton, H.-J. Mathes, T. Matulewicz, V. Matveev, G. L. Melkumov, A. O. Merzlaya, B. Messerly, Ł. Mik, S. Morozov, S. Mrówczyński, Y. Nagai, M. Naskręt, V. Ozvenchuk, V. Paolone, M. Pavin, O. Petukhov, R. Płaneta, P. Podlaski, B. A. Popov, B. Porfy, M. Posiadała-Zezula, D. S. Prokhorova, D. Pszczel, S. Puławski, J. Puzović, M. Ravonel, R. Renfordt, E. Richter-Wąs, D. Röhrich, E. Rondio, M. Roth, B. T. Rumberger, M. Rumyantsev, A. Rustamov, M. Rybczynski, A. Rybicki, A. Sadovsky, K. Schmidt, I. Selyuzhenkov, A. Yu. Seryakov, P. Seyboth, M. Słodkowski, P. Staszel, G. Stefanek, J. Stepaniak, M. Strikhanov, H. Ströbele, T. Šuša, A. Taranenko, A. Tefelska, D. Tefelski, V. Tereshchenko, A. Toia, R. Tsenov, L. Turko, R. Ulrich, M. Unger, F. F. Valiev, D. Veberič, V. V. Vechernin, A. Wickremasinghe, Z. Włodarczyk, A. Wojtaszek-Szwarc, O. Wyszyński, L. Zambelli, E. D. Zimmerman, and R. Zwaska

Subjects
lcsh:QB460-466, lcsh:QC770-798, High Energy Physics::Experiment, lcsh:Astrophysics, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Results on $$\phi $$ ϕ meson production in inelastic $$p + p$$ p+p collisions at CERN SPS energies are presented. They are derived from data collected by the NA61/SHINE fixed target experiment, by means of invariant mass spectra fits in the $$\phi \rightarrow K^+ K^- $$ ϕ→K+K- decay channel. They include the first ever measured double differential spectra of $$\phi $$ ϕ mesons as a function of rapidity $$y$$ y and transverse momentum $$p_{\text {T}}$$ pT for proton beam momenta of $$80 \, \hbox {GeV}/c$$ 80GeV/c and $$158 \, \hbox {GeV}/c$$ 158GeV/c , as well as single differential spectra of $$y$$ y or $$p_{\text {T}}$$ pT for beam momentum of $$40 \, \hbox {GeV}/c$$ 40GeV/c . The corresponding total $$\phi $$ ϕ yields per inelastic $$p + p$$ p+p event are obtained. These results are compared with existing data on $$\phi $$ ϕ meson production in $$p + p$$ p+p collisions. The comparison shows consistency but superior accuracy of the present measurements. The emission of $$\phi $$ ϕ mesons in $$p + p$$ p+p reactions is confronted with that occurring in $$\mathrm{Pb} + \mathrm{Pb}$$ Pb+Pb collisions, and the experimental results are compared with model predictions. It appears that none of the considered models can properly describe all the experimental observations.

Published
2020

6. Experimental investigation of abnormal transverse flow enhancement of α particles in heavy-ion collisions

Author

K. Hagel, Aldo Bonasera, J. Han, Th. Keutgen, Mei-Rong Huang, Xiehe Liu, P. Ren, R. Han, Chun-Wang Ma, Wei-Ping Lin, Z. Majka, Hua Zheng, Z. Chen, J. B. Natowitz, J. S. Wang, G. Tian, R. Wada, L. Qin, Z. Yang, Yu-Gang Ma, Y. Huang, and Guo-Feng Qu

Subjects
Physics, Molecular dynamics, Transverse plane, Flow (mathematics), Plane (geometry), Charge number, Tensor, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Kinetic energy
Abstract

The mass dependence of the transverse flow for $Z=1$--5 fragments from the collisions of $^{40}\mathrm{Ar}+^{27}\mathrm{Al}, ^{40}\mathrm{Ar}+^{48}\mathrm{Ti}$, and $^{40}\mathrm{Ar}+^{58}\mathrm{Ni}$ at 47 MeV/nucleon is investigated experimentally in this article. The transverse flow values are determined using the in-plane components of the fragment transverse momenta, where three conventional methods, i.e., the kinetic flow tensor method, the transverse momentum analysis method, and the azimuthal correlation method, are applied to reconstruct the reaction plane in an event-by-event basis. It is demonstrated from the comparison of the present experimental mass dependent flow measurements and the model simulations using an improved antisymmetrized molecular dynamics model that the experimentally observed abnormal $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ transverse flow enhancement is closely related to the reaction plane reconstruction procedure in the flow extraction. We further investigate the physical existence of the abnormal $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ flow behavior using a two-particle azimuthal correlation method, which allows us to provide the relative flow magnitude information with an identification of fragment charge number without the knowledge of the reaction plane differing from the three conventional methods. It is found that the relative flow magnitudes deduced from the two-particle azimuthal correlation functions with an identification of $Z$, with the correction for the recoil effect imposed by the momentum conservation, show a monotonically increasing trend as a function of fragment charge number, with no exception of the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ flow enhancement. These results, in addition to those from the improved antisymmetrized molecular dynamics model simulations, definitely provide experimental evidences for the inexistence of the abnormal $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ flow behavior in the heavy-ion collisions at the present incident energy region in nature.

Published
2021

7. Measurements of $$\pi ^\pm $$ π± , $$K^\pm $$ K± and proton double differential yields from the surface of the T2K replica target for incoming 31 GeV/c protons with the NA61/SHINE spectrometer at the CERN SPS

Author

N. Abgrall, A. Aduszkiewicz, E. V. Andronov, T. Antićić, B. Baatar, M. Baszczyk, S. Bhosale, A. Blondel, M. Bogomilov, A. Brandin, A. Bravar, W. Bryliński, J. Brzychczyk, S. A. Bunyatov, O. Busygina, A. Bzdak, H. Cherif, M. Ćirković, T. Czopowicz, A. Damyanova, N. Davis, M. Deveaux, W. Dominik, P. Dorosz, J. Dumarchez, R. Engel, A. Ereditato, G. A. Feofilov, L. Fields, Z. Fodor, A. Garibov, M. Gaździcki, O. Golosov, M. Golubeva, K. Grebieszkow, F. Guber, A. Haesler, T. Hasegawa, A. E. Hervé, S. N. Igolkin, S. Ilieva, A. Ivashkin, S. R. Johnson, K. Kadija, E. Kaptur, N. Kargin, E. Kashirin, M. Kiełbowicz, V. A. Kireyeu, V. Klochkov, T. Kobayashi, V. I. Kolesnikov, D. Kolev, A. Korzenev, V. N. Kovalenko, K. Kowalik, S. Kowalski, M. Koziel, A. Krasnoperov, W. Kucewicz, M. Kuich, A. Kurepin, D. Larsen, A. László, T. V. Lazareva, M. Lewicki, K. Łojek, B. Łysakowski, V. V. Lyubushkin, M. Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, Z. Majka, B. Maksiak, A. I. Malakhov, D. Manić, A. Marchionni, A. Marcinek, A. D. Marino, K. Marton, H. J. Mathes, T. Matulewicz, V. Matveev, G. L. Melkumov, A. O. Merzlaya, B. Messerly, Ł. Mik, G. B. Mills, S. Morozov, S. Mrówczyński, Y. Nagai, T. Nakadaira, M. Naskręt, K. Nishikawa, V. Ozvenchuk, V. Paolone, M. Pavin, O. Petukhov, C. Pistillo, R. Płaneta, P. Podlaski, B. A. Popov, M. Posiadała-Zezula, D. S. Prokhorova, S. Puławski, J. Puzović, W. Rauch, M. Ravonel, R. Renfordt, E. Richter-Wąs, D. Röhrich, E. Rondio, M. Roth, B. T. Rumberger, A. Rustamov, M. Rybczynski, A. Rybicki, A. Sadovsky, K. Sakashita, K. Schmidt, T. Sekiguchi, I. Selyuzhenkov, A. Yu. Seryakov, P. Seyboth, M. Shibata, M. Słodkowski, A. Snoch, P. Staszel, G. Stefanek, J. Stepaniak, M. Strikhanov, H. Ströbele, T. Šuša, M. Tada, A. Taranenko, A. Tefelska, D. Tefelski, V. Tereshchenko, A. Toia, R. Tsenov, L. Turko, R. Ulrich, M. Unger, F. F. Valiev, D. Veberič, V. V. Vechernin, M. Walewski, A. Wickremasinghe, Z. Włodarczyk, A. Wojtaszek-Szwarc, O. Wyszyński, L. Zambelli, E. D. Zimmerman, R. Zwaska, L. Berns, G. A. Fiorentini, M. Friend, M. Hartz, T. Vladisavljevic, and M. Yu

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, lcsh:QB460-466, lcsh:QC770-798, lcsh:Astrophysics, lcsh:Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Measurements of the $$\pi ^\pm $$ π± , $$K^\pm $$ K± , and proton double differential yields emitted from the surface of the 90-$$\hbox {cm}$$ cm -long carbon target (T2K replica) were performed for the incoming $$31\,$$ 31 $$\hbox {GeV}\!/\!c$$ GeV/c protons with the NA61/SHINE spectrometer at the CERN SPS using data collected during 2010 run. The double differential $$\pi ^\pm $$ π± yields were measured with increased precision compared to the previously published NA61/SHINE results, while the $$K^\pm $$ K± and proton yields were obtained for the first time. A strategy for dealing with the dependence of the results on the incoming proton beam profile is proposed. The purpose of these measurements is to reduce significantly the (anti)neutrino flux uncertainty in the T2K long-baseline neutrino experiment by constraining the production of (anti)neutrino ancestors coming from the T2K target.

Published
2019

8. Measurement of the production cross section of 31 GeV/c protons on carbon via beam attenuation in a 90-cm-long target

Author

Piotr Dorosz, H. Ströbele, Andrzej Rybicki, V.M. Golovatyuk, Mate Csanad, G. A. Feofilov, Tatiana Lazareva, M. Unger, S. Bhosale, A. Tefelska, Miroslaw Marek Kielbowicz, Maciej Rybczyński, T. Antičić, O. Busygina, M. Lewicki, W. Bryliński, Michael Deveaux, Tobiasz Czopowicz, M. Rumyantsev, A. Garibov, V. Babkin, H. J. Mathes, J. Brzychczyk, B. A. Popov, M. Słodkowski, S. Ilieva, J. Dumarchez, P. Staszel, B. Porfy, B. T. Rumberger, Antoni Aduszkiewicz, E. Rondio, K. Wojcik, N. Kargin, V. A. Kireyeu, M. Ravonel, J. Stepaniak, T. Susa, A. Dmitriev, Markus Roth, O. Golosov, K. Schmidt, Alberica Toia, R. Płaneta, A. Damyanova, Z. Majka, K. Łojek, A. Marcinek, F.F. Guber, O. Petukhov, Vitalii Ozvenchuk, A. Ivashkin, S.N. Igolkin, W. Dominik, A. V. Brandin, S. R. Johnson, D. Kolev, D. Pszczel, B. Maksiak, M. Kuich, S. Puławski, V. Tereshchenko, Sergey V. Morozov, Evgeny Andronov, Alexey Kurepin, Ilya Selyuzhenkov, A. Zaitsev, A. Korzenev, J. Puzović, D. Tefelski, Samrangy Sadhu, Z. Fodor, M. Ćirković, Ralf Ulrich, A. O. Merzlaya, A. Wickremasinghe, M.B. Golubeva, Andras Laszlo, T. Matulewicz, B. Kozłowski, F.F. Valiev, M. Posiadala-Zezula, A. Taranenko, K. K. Allison, M. Strikhanov, Ł. Mik, Michal Koziel, Darko Veberič, Dieter Røhrich, M. Naskręt, Katarzyna Grebieszkow, Marek Gaździcki, M. Bogomilov, G. Stefanek, M. Buryakov, D. S. Prokhorova, Dag Larsen, O. Wyszyński, B. Messerly, A. Haesler, M. Pavin, V. Klochkov, Vladimir Kovalenko, Vladimir Vechernin, R. Zwaska, Wojciech Kucewicz, S. Kowalski, E. Kashirin, V. I. Kolesnikov, J. Cybowska, M. Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, V. V. Lyubushkin, G. L. Melkumov, Mateusz Baszczyk, P. Podlaski, V. Matveev, A. Blondel, R. Engel, K. Marton, A. Yu. Seryakov, V. Paolone, A. Bravar, E. D. Zimmerman, R. Tsenov, A. D. Marino, Alexander Malakhov, D. Uzhva, Alexey Krasnoperov, Y. Nagai, A. Sadovsky, A. Acharya, A. Rustamov, H. Adhikary, Ludwik Turko, M. Deliyergiyev, P. Seyboth, N. Davis, L. Fields, Kreso Kadija, Adam Bzdak, H. Cherif, and Rainer Arno Ernst Renfordt

Subjects
Physics, Spectrometer, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Attenuation, Hadron, Flux, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Nuclear physics, Cross section (physics), 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Beam (structure)
Abstract

The production cross section of 30.92 GeV/c protons on carbon is measured by the NA61/SHINE spectrometer at the CERN SPS by means of beam attenuation in a copy (replica) of the 90-cm-long target of the T2K neutrino oscillation experiment. The employed method for direct production cross-section estimation minimizes model corrections for elastic and quasi-elastic interactions. The obtained production cross section is σ$_{prod}$ = 227.6 ± 0.8(stat)$\frac{+1.9}{−3.2}$(sys) − 0.8(mod) mb. It is in agreement with previous NA61/SHINE results obtained with a thin carbon target, while providing improved precision with a total fractional uncertainty of less than 2%. This direct measurement is performed to reduce the uncertainty on the T2K neutrino flux prediction associated with the re-weighting of the interaction rate of neutrino-yielding hadrons.

Published
2021

9. Measurements of $\pi^\pm$, $K^\pm$, $p$ and $\bar{p}$ spectra in $^7$Be+$^9$Be collisions at beam momenta from 19$A$ to 150$A$ GeV/$c$ with the NA61/SHINE spectrometer at the CERN SPS

Author

A. Tefelska, S. Ilieva, M. Ravonel, M. Rumyantsev, O. Wyszyński, B. Maksiak, A. O. Merzlaya, Andrzej Rybicki, A. Sadovsky, P. Seyboth, E. Rondio, Wojciech Kucewicz, S. Puławski, B. A. Popov, A. Bravar, K. Wojcik, N. Kargin, Ralf Ulrich, D. S. Prokhorova, H. J. Mathes, M. Naskręt, Z. Majka, N. Davis, H. Ströbele, E. Kashirin, Antoni Aduszkiewicz, D. Tefelski, A. Wickremasinghe, V. A. Kireyeu, H. Cherif, Y. Nagai, V. Paolone, M. Strikhanov, M. Bogomilov, G. Stefanek, S. Sadhu, M. Buryakov, E. D. Zimmerman, Kreso Kadija, V. I. Kolesnikov, J. Cybowska, M. Unger, A. V. Brandin, A. Rustamov, A. Garibov, Mate Csanad, F.F. Guber, Vitalii Ozvenchuk, Zbigniew Wlodarczyk, V. Babkin, H. Adhikary, Alberica Toia, M. Kuich, V.M. Golovatyuk, O. Petukhov, Alexander Malakhov, Tatiana Lazareva, S. V. Morozov, V. V. Lyubushkin, I. Selyuzhenkov, Adam Bzdak, K. Schmidt, A. Ivashkin, D. Pszczel, Rainer Arno Ernst Renfordt, A. Acharya, M. Ćirković, G. L. Melkumov, M. Słodkowski, Markus Roth, Ludwik Turko, B. Kozłowski, Alexey Kurepin, P. Dorosz, F.F. Valiev, R. Płaneta, Marek Gaździcki, Evgeny Andronov, St Mrówczyński, D. Uzhva, Alexey Krasnoperov, K. Marton, A. Yu. Seryakov, Z. Fodor, Katarzyna Grebieszkow, Darko Veberič, M.B. Golubeva, Michael Deveaux, Miroslaw Marek Kielbowicz, B. Messerly, Dag Larsen, J. Brzychczyk, Ralph Engel, O. Busygina, M. Lewicki, P. Staszel, K. K. Allison, W. Bryliński, T. Susa, O. Golosov, Andras Laszlo, A. Dmitriev, D. Kolev, J. Puzović, A. Blondel, Michal Koziel, Ł. Mik, B. Porfy, B. T. Rumberger, G. A. Feofilov, A. Marcinek, M. Posiadala-Zezula, R. Tsenov, V. Tereshchenko, Dieter Røhrich, A. Haesler, Vladimir Vechernin, S. Kowalski, M. Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, Mateusz Baszczyk, P. Podlaski, A. D. Marino, Maciej Rybczyński, T. Antičić, S. Bhosale, S. R. Johnson, Tobiasz Czopowicz, A. Korzenev, L. Fields, J. Dumarchez, T. Matulewicz, A. Taranenko, J. Stepaniak, K. Łojek, S.N. Igolkin, W. Dominik, A. Damyanova, Viktor Matveev, M. Deliyergiyev, V. Klochkov, Vladimir Kovalenko, R. Zwaska, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and NA61/SHINE

Subjects
NA61, matter [hadron], Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), matter: interaction, Hadron, Inverse, momentum spectrum [transverse momentum], momentum [beam], 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, High Energy Physics - Experiment, transverse momentum: momentum spectrum, K: multiplicity, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], anti-p: multiplicity, scattering [nucleus nucleus], Nuclear Experiment, Physics, nucleus nucleus: scattering, Super Proton Synchrotron, multiplicity [anti-p], beam: momentum, slope, Transverse mass, Production (computer science), multiplicity [pi], Particle Physics - Experiment, deconfinement, CERN Lab, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], yield [particle], energy dependence, Nuclear physics, mass spectrum: transverse, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Physics - Experiment, ddc:530, Rapidity, 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), particle: yield, p: multiplicity, pi: multiplicity, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, CERN SPS, beryllium, proton synchrotron, hadron: matter, rapidity spectrum, transverse [mass spectrum], interaction [matter], multiplicity [K], spectrometer, multiplicity [p], Bar (unit), experimental results
Abstract

The European physical journal / C 81(1), 73 (1-38) (2021). doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-08733-x, The NA61/SHINE experiment at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) studies the onset of deconfinement in hadron matter by a scan of particle production in collisions of nuclei with various sizes at a set of energies covering the SPS energy range. This paper presents results on inclusive double-differential spectra, transverse momentum and rapidity distributions and mean multiplicities of $\pi ^\pm $, $K^\pm $, p and $\bar{p}$ produced in the 20% most central$^7$Be+$^9$Be collisions at beam momenta of 19A, 30A, 40A, 75A and 150A ${\mathrm{Ge} \mathrm{V}}\!/\!c$. The energy dependence of the $K^\pm $/$\pi ^\pm $ ratios as well as of inverse slope parameters of the $K^\pm $ transverse mass distributions are close to those found in inelastic p+p reactions. The new results are compared to the world data on p+p and Pb+Pb collisions as well as to predictions of the Epos, Urqmd, Ampt, Phsd and Smash models., Published by Springer, Heidelberg

Published
2021

10. Two-particle correlations in azimuthal angle and pseudorapidity in central $^7$Be+$^9$Be collisions at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron

Author

Z. Fodor, M. Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, K. Marton, O. Petukhov, A. Yu. Seryakov, Dag Larsen, P. Seyboth, Mateusz Baszczyk, Z. Majka, N. Davis, D. Uzhva, Alexey Krasnoperov, P. Podlaski, M. Ćirković, Kreso Kadija, A. Sadovsky, G. A. Feofilov, S. R. Johnson, A. Korzenev, L. Fields, T. Matulewicz, A. Taranenko, Alexey Kurepin, E. Rondio, K. Wojcik, N. Kargin, V. A. Kireyeu, O. Golosov, H. Cherif, M. Ravonel, A. Rustamov, Katarzyna Grebieszkow, Vitalii Ozvenchuk, Marek Gaździcki, A. V. Brandin, V. Tereshchenko, Andras Laszlo, M. Kuich, J. Stepaniak, K. Łojek, Evgeny Andronov, Miroslaw Marek Kielbowicz, O. Busygina, M. Lewicki, B. Maksiak, B. A. Popov, F.F. Guber, Michal Koziel, Wojciech Kucewicz, V. I. Kolesnikov, J. Cybowska, A. Garibov, Dieter Røhrich, J. Brzychczyk, A. Ivashkin, Ralph Engel, S.N. Igolkin, W. Dominik, Ludwik Turko, E. Kashirin, M.B. Golubeva, W. Bryliński, Rainer Arno Ernst Renfordt, B. Porfy, V. Babkin, V. Paolone, V. Klochkov, Vladimir Kovalenko, H. Ströbele, R. Zwaska, B. Messerly, P. Dorosz, S. V. Morozov, B. T. Rumberger, Mate Csanad, S. Puławski, T. Susa, E. D. Zimmerman, A. O. Merzlaya, H. J. Mathes, A. Haesler, Vladimir Vechernin, A. Dmitriev, Tatiana Lazareva, A. Damyanova, Adam Bzdak, M. Rumyantsev, O. Wyszyński, S. Kowalski, V. V. Lyubushkin, D. Kolev, Antoni Aduszkiewicz, M. Naskręt, A. Blondel, K. Schmidt, M. Buryakov, Maciej Rybczyński, T. Antičić, A. Tefelska, Markus Roth, Alberica Toia, V.M. Golovatyuk, G. L. Melkumov, M. Bogomilov, G. Stefanek, F.F. Valiev, Viktor Matveev, A. Wickremasinghe, Y. Nagai, I. Selyuzhenkov, Darko Veberič, S. Bhosale, R. Płaneta, M. Deliyergiyev, St Mrówczyński, Ł. Mik, Tobiasz Czopowicz, Zbigniew Wlodarczyk, S. Ilieva, Michael Deveaux, D. Tefelski, D. Pszczel, J. Dumarchez, Ralf Ulrich, A. Marcinek, M. Strikhanov, D. S. Prokhorova, M. Posiadala-Zezula, M. Słodkowski, Andrzej Rybicki, P. Staszel, M. Unger, J. Puzović, R. Tsenov, A. D. Marino, A. Bravar, Alexander Malakhov, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and NA61/SHINE

Subjects
NA61, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Hadron, Nuclear Theory, momentum [beam], 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], scattering [p p], correlation function, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), dimension: 2, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, CERN Super Proton Synchrotron, NA61/SHINE Collaboration, suppression, Super Proton Synchrotron, 2 [dimension], Pseudorapidity, beam: momentum, Nucleon, Particle Physics - Experiment, correlation: two-particle, p p: scattering, Proton Synchrotron, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Momentum, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Rapidity, ddc:530, Nuclear Physics - Experiment, 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), two-particle [correlation], enhancement, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 7Be + 9Be collisions, CERN SPS, proton synchrotron, 19-150 GeV/nucleon, rapidity, Quark–gluon plasma, quark-gluon plasma, angular-correlations, dependence, collisions, High Energy Physics::Experiment, hadron, experimental results
Abstract

The European physical journal / C 80(12), 1151 (1-20) (2020). doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-08675-4, A measurement of charged hadron pair correlations in two-dimensional $\Delta \eta \Delta \phi $ space is presented. The analysis is based on total 30 million central Be + Be collisions observed in the NA61/SHINE detector at the CERN SPS for incident beam momenta of 19A, 30A, 40A, 75A, and 150A $\text {Ge} \text {V}/c$. Measurements were carried out for unlike-sign and like-sign charge hadron pairs independently. The $C(\Delta \eta ,\Delta \phi )$ correlation functions were compared with results from a similar analysis on p + p interactions at similar beam momenta per nucleon. General trends of the back-to-back correlations are similar in central Be + Be collisions and p + p interactions, but are suppressed in magnitude due to the increased combinatorial background. Predictions from the Epos and UrQMD models are compared to the measurements. Evolution of an enhancement around $(\Delta \eta ,\Delta \phi ) = (0,0)$ with incident energy is observed in central Be + Be collisions. It is not predicted by both models and almost non-existing in proton–proton collisions at the same momentum per nucleon., Published by Springer, Heidelberg

Published
2020

11. Measurements of hadron production in π++C and π++Be interactions at 60 GeV/c

Author

Vitalii Ozvenchuk, M. Kuich, Katarzyna Grebieszkow, A. Blondel, F.F. Guber, A. V. Brandin, Wojciech Kucewicz, M. Rumyantsev, Z. Majka, R. Engel, K. Marton, E. Kashirin, M. Ravonel, Ilya Selyuzhenkov, S. R. Johnson, A. Korzenev, L. Fields, P. Seyboth, A. Yu. Seryakov, Ralf Ulrich, G. A. Feofilov, Alberica Toia, Andrzej Rybicki, M. Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, L. Zambelli, Mateusz Baszczyk, E. Richter-Wąs, M. Słodkowski, B. Messerly, A. Wojtaszek-Szwarc, H. Cherif, A. Bravar, D. Kolev, V. Klochkov, Vladimir Kovalenko, Y. Nagai, R. Zwaska, T. Matulewicz, Alexander Malakhov, P. Podlaski, Ludwik Turko, A. Damyanova, V. V. Lyubushkin, G. L. Melkumov, M. Strikhanov, V. I. Kolesnikov, M. Naskręt, J. Cybowska, V. Paolone, S. Puławski, Zbigniew Wlodarczyk, J. Stepaniak, N. Davis, O. Golosov, M. Deliyergiyev, B. Porfy, M. Bogomilov, G. Stefanek, Mate Csanad, A. Wickremasinghe, A. Taranenko, B. T. Rumberger, Tatiana Lazareva, J. Brzychczyk, K. Łojek, A. Sadovsky, K. Kowalik, S. Bhosale, E. D. Zimmerman, D. Tefelski, E. Kaptur, F.F. Valiev, P. Staszel, Kreso Kadija, A. Haesler, Vladimir Vechernin, Tobiasz Czopowicz, T. Susa, M. Pavin, R. Tsenov, K. Schmidt, S. Kowalski, R. Płaneta, Miroslaw Marek Kielbowicz, S.N. Igolkin, M. Unger, Darko Veberič, St Mrówczyński, A. D. Marino, Marek Gaździcki, D. S. Prokhorova, Alexey Kurepin, W. Dominik, J. Dumarchez, Piotr Dorosz, H. J. Mathes, Alexey Krasnoperov, A. Dmitriev, A. Marcinek, O. Busygina, Antoni Aduszkiewicz, M. Lewicki, A. Snoch, A. Ivashkin, M. Posiadala-Zezula, A. Rustamov, W. Bryliński, V. Tereshchenko, V. Matveev, Adam Bzdak, Sergey V. Morozov, D. Pszczel, A. Garibov, Rainer Arno Ernst Renfordt, Andras Laszlo, A. Tefelska, V. Babkin, B. Łysakowski, S. Ilieva, Michal Koziel, B. Maksiak, Maciej Rybczyński, T. Antičić, Ł. Mik, Dieter Røhrich, A. O. Merzlaya, Michael Deveaux, Markus Roth, Z. Fodor, A. Marchionni, Dag Larsen, O. Petukhov, H. Ströbele, E. Rondio, M. Ćirković, K. Wojcik, N. Kargin, V. A. Kireyeu, Evgeny Andronov, M.B. Golubeva, M. Buryakov, O. Wyszyński, J. Puzović, B. A. Popov, and G. B. Mills

Subjects
Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Oscillation, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Flux, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract

Precise knowledge of hadron production rates in the generation of neutrino beams is necessary for accelerator-based neutrino experiments to achieve their physics goals. NA61/SHINE, a large-acceptance hadron spectrometer, has recorded hadron+nucleus interactions relevant to ongoing and future long-baseline neutrino experiments at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. This paper presents three analyses of interactions of 60 GeV/$c$ $\pi^+$ with thin, fixed carbon and beryllium targets. Integrated production and inelastic cross sections were measured for both of these reactions. In an analysis of strange, neutral hadron production, differential production multiplicities of $K^0_{S}$, $\Lambda$ and anti-$\Lambda$ were measured. Lastly, in an analysis of charged hadron production, differential production multiplicities of $\pi^+$, $\pi^-$, $K^+$, $K^-$ and protons were measured. These measurements will enable long-baseline neutrino experiments to better constrain predictions of their neutrino flux in order to achieve better precision on their neutrino cross section and oscillation measurements.

Published
2019

12. Measurements of production and inelastic cross sections for p+C , p+Be , and p+Al at 60 GeV/c and p+C and p+Be at 120 GeV/c

Author

L. Zambelli, M. Rumyantsev, O. Golosov, Ludwik Turko, Vitalii Ozvenchuk, M. Kuich, D. S. Prokhorova, M. Deliyergiyev, H. Cherif, A. Damyanova, A. Marchionni, P. Seyboth, H. J. Mathes, E. Rondio, N. Davis, V. I. Kolesnikov, J. Cybowska, L. Fields, K. Wojcik, N. Kargin, Antoni Aduszkiewicz, B. Maksiak, V. A. Kireyeu, A. Snoch, Piotr Dorosz, D. Pszczel, Marek Gaździcki, K. Kowalik, B. Porfy, Mate Csanad, R. Engel, M. Ravonel, D. Tefelski, Alberica Toia, B. T. Rumberger, M. Buryakov, Andras Laszlo, K. Marton, Rainer Arno Ernst Renfordt, A. Yu. Seryakov, J. Brzychczyk, O. Wyszyński, A. O. Merzlaya, B. Messerly, Tatiana Lazareva, A. Garibov, A. Wojtaszek-Szwarc, A. V. Brandin, Michal Koziel, A. Ivashkin, A. Tefelska, D. Kolev, V. Babkin, Maciej Rybczyński, T. Antičić, Ilya Selyuzhenkov, O. Petukhov, T. Susa, S. R. Johnson, Evgeny Andronov, G. A. Feofilov, M. Ćirković, B. A. Popov, A. Rustamov, F. Guber, A. Korzenev, A. Dmitriev, Markus Roth, S. Ilieva, K. Schmidt, R. Płaneta, T. Matulewicz, Michael Deveaux, Y. Nagai, Miroslaw Marek Kielbowicz, M. Posiadala-Zezula, A. Sadovsky, Katarzyna Grebieszkow, A. B. Kurepin, H. Ströbele, St Mrówczyński, J. Stepaniak, V. Klochkov, Vladimir Kovalenko, O. Busygina, R. Zwaska, M. Lewicki, P. Staszel, Wojciech Kucewicz, Zbigniew Wlodarczyk, V. Matveev, K. Łojek, W. Bryliński, E. Kashirin, M. Pavin, Andrzej Rybicki, A. Marcinek, S.N. Igolkin, W. Dominik, R. Tsenov, G. B. Mills, M. Unger, Ł. Mik, A. D. Marino, Z. Fodor, Alexey Krasnoperov, V. V. Lyubushkin, Ralf Ulrich, G. L. Melkumov, Dag Larsen, A. Bravar, F.F. Valiev, V. Paolone, M. Strikhanov, E. D. Zimmerman, Z. Majka, Darko Veberič, M. B. Golubeva, Alexander Malakhov, A. Blondel, M. Naskręt, J. Puzović, M. Bogomilov, G. Stefanek, S. Bhosale, Tobiasz Czopowicz, J. Dumarchez, Kreso Kadija, Adam Bzdak, V. Tereshchenko, Sergey V. Morozov, B. Łysakowski, Dieter Røhrich, M. Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, Mateusz Baszczyk, P. Podlaski, E. Kaptur, A. Haesler, Vladimir Vechernin, S. Kowalski, E. Richter-Wąs, M. Słodkowski, S. Puławski, A. Wickremasinghe, and A. Taranenko

Subjects
Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Large Hadron Collider, Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Super Proton Synchrotron, Nuclear physics, Cross section (geometry), 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

This paper presents measurements of production cross sections and inelastic cross sections for the following reactions: 60 GeV/c protons with C, Be, Al targets and 120 GeV/c protons with C and Be targets. The analysis is performed using the NA61/SHINE spectrometer at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron. First measurements are obtained using protons at 120 GeV/c, while the results for protons at 60 GeV/c are compared with previously published measurements. These interaction cross section measurements are critical inputs for neutrino flux prediction in current and future accelerator-based long-baseline neutrino experiments.

Published
2019

13. Influence of Model Assumptions on Radial Flow Investigations in Heavy-Ion Collisions

Author

M. Smoluchowski, J. Cibor, S. Kowalski, E. Kozik, W. Zipper, P. Staszel, N. G. Nicolis, R. Płaneta, Z. Majka, A. Wolanin-Statek, and Tomasz Kozik

Subjects
Physics, Work (thermodynamics), Thermalisation, Thermal, Coulomb, Sensitivity (control systems), Mechanics, Nuclear Experiment, Kinetic energy, Nuclear matter, Potential energy
Abstract

An effective way for the investigation of nuclear matter under the extreme conditions of high density and temperature is the study of nuclear fragmentation, realized in intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions. The potential energy accumulated in the compression zone of the collision is converted into collective flow of matter in the later stages of the reaction. During the expansion of the system, fragments are formed in a clusterization process. In the final stage of the reaction, the fragments are moving along Coulomb trajectories and may deexcite by particle emission or secondary break-up.In order to verify the influence of the collective energy on the experimental energy spectra and extract quantitative information on the thermal and collective components, a model simulation was developed. In this procedure, the evolution of the disintegrating system in a multifragmentation process was described after the freeze-out stage with a Monte-Carlo approach. A reconstruction procedure for the fragment kinetic energies has shown the possibility to obtain the thermal and collective components from measured fragment spectra. In the present work, we scrutinize the model simulation for the evolution of the disintegrating system by testing the sensitivity of the collective expansion energy extraction on the model assumptions concerning the freeze-out characteristics, such as the size and shape of the freeze-out volume. Furthermore, thermal aspects of the early stage of the expansion are tested with an examination of the relationship between the assumption of the degree of thermalization of the emitting source and the extracted value of the collective energy.

Published
2021

14. Measurements of $$\pi ^\pm $$ π ± , $$K^\pm $$ K ± and proton double differential yields from the surface of the T2K replica target for incoming 31 GeV/c protons with the NA61/SHINE spectrometer at the CERN SPS

Author

N. Abgrall, A. Aduszkiewicz, E. V. Andronov, T. Antićić, B. Baatar, M. Baszczyk, S. Bhosale, A. Blondel, M. Bogomilov, A. Brandin, A. Bravar, W. Bryliński, J. Brzychczyk, S. A. Bunyatov, O. Busygina, A. Bzdak, H. Cherif, M. Ćirković, T. Czopowicz, A. Damyanova, N. Davis, M. Deveaux, W. Dominik, P. Dorosz, J. Dumarchez, R. Engel, A. Ereditato, G. A. Feofilov, L. Fields, Z. Fodor, A. Garibov, M. Gaździcki, O. Golosov, M. Golubeva, K. Grebieszkow, F. Guber, A. Haesler, T. Hasegawa, A. E. Hervé, S. N. Igolkin, S. Ilieva, A. Ivashkin, S. R. Johnson, K. Kadija, E. Kaptur, N. Kargin, E. Kashirin, M. Kiełbowicz, V. A. Kireyeu, V. Klochkov, T. Kobayashi, V. I. Kolesnikov, D. Kolev, A. Korzenev, V. N. Kovalenko, K. Kowalik, S. Kowalski, M. Koziel, A. Krasnoperov, W. Kucewicz, M. Kuich, A. Kurepin, D. Larsen, A. László, T. V. Lazareva, M. Lewicki, K. Łojek, B. Łysakowski, V. V. Lyubushkin, M. Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, Z. Majka, B. Maksiak, A. I. Malakhov, D. Manić, A. Marchionni, A. Marcinek, A. D. Marino, K. Marton, H. J. Mathes, T. Matulewicz, V. Matveev, G. L. Melkumov, A. O. Merzlaya, B. Messerly, Ł. Mik, G. B. Mills, S. Morozov, S. Mrówczyński, Y. Nagai, T. Nakadaira, M. Naskręt, K. Nishikawa, V. Ozvenchuk, V. Paolone, M. Pavin, O. Petukhov, C. Pistillo, R. Płaneta, P. Podlaski, B. A. Popov, M. Posiadała-Zezula, D. S. Prokhorova, S. Puławski, J. Puzović, W. Rauch, M. Ravonel, R. Renfordt, E. Richter-Wąs, D. Röhrich, E. Rondio, M. Roth, B. T. Rumberger, A. Rustamov, M. Rybczynski, A. Rybicki, A. Sadovsky, K. Sakashita, K. Schmidt, T. Sekiguchi, I. Selyuzhenkov, A. Yu. Seryakov, P. Seyboth, M. Shibata, M. Słodkowski, A. Snoch, P. Staszel, G. Stefanek, J. Stepaniak, M. Strikhanov, H. Ströbele, T. Šuša, M. Tada, A. Taranenko, A. Tefelska, D. Tefelski, V. Tereshchenko, A. Toia, R. Tsenov, L. Turko, R. Ulrich, M. Unger, F. F. Valiev, D. Veberič, V. V. Vechernin, M. Walewski, A. Wickremasinghe, Z. Włodarczyk, A. Wojtaszek-Szwarc, O. Wyszyński, L. Zambelli, E. D. Zimmerman, R. Zwaska, L. Berns, G. A. Fiorentini, M. Friend, M. Hartz, T. Vladisavljevic, and M. Yu

Subjects
Physics, Surface (mathematics), Particle physics, Large Hadron Collider, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Spectrometer, Proton, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Production (computer science), Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Engineering (miscellaneous), Beam (structure)
Abstract

Measurements of the $\pi^{\pm}$, $K^{\pm}$, and proton double differential yields emitted from the surface of the 90-cm-long carbon target (T2K replica) were performed for the incoming 31 GeV/c protons with the NA61/SHINE spectrometer at the CERN SPS using data collected during 2010 run. The double differential $\pi^{\pm}$ yields were measured with increased precision compared to the previously published NA61/SHINE results, while the $K^{\pm}$ and proton yields were obtained for the first time. A strategy for dealing with the dependence of the results on the incoming proton beam profile is proposed. The purpose of these measurements is to reduce significantly the (anti)neutrino flux uncertainty in the T2K long-baseline neutrino experiment by constraining the production of (anti)neutrino ancestors coming from the T2K target.

Published
2019

15. Dedicated ΔE–E detector system for searching long-lived heaviest nuclei deposited in scintillators

Author

S. Kowalski, R. Wada, M. Barbui, Zbigniew Sosin, M. Adamczyk, K. Hagel, K. Zelga, Konrad Łojek, J. B. Natowitz, X. Cao, Z. Majka, E. J. Kim, R. Planeta, Hua Zheng, A. Wieloch, S. Wuenschel, and G. Giuliani

Subjects
Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Projectile, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, long-lived heaviest nuclei, Detector, General Physics and Astronomy, Transactinide element, detector system, scintillators, Scintillator, Nuclear physics, Silicon detector, Nuclear Experiment, Spontaneous fission
Abstract

We present a dedicated experimental setup which is currently used to search for long lived super heavy elements (SHE) implanted in catcher scintillators which were irradiated by reaction products of $^{197}$Au (7.5 A.MeV) projectile and $^{232}$Th target collisions during our experiment performed at Cyclotrone Institute, Texas A$\&$M University in 2015. The built-in novel measuring apparatus consists of $\Delta$E-E detector pairs which are able to register $\alpha$ or spontaneous fission (SF) decays of heavy reaction products deposited in the scintillators. Their unique feature is that the examined scintillators are at the same time $\Delta$E part of each of $\Delta$E-E detector while E part is a silicon detector. Our apparatus is dedicated to search for SHEs which have a lifetime of a year till tens of years. Results of commissioning tests of our setup are presented., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, presented at Zakopane Conference on Nulear Physics 2018, submitted to Acta Physica Polonica B

Published
2019

16. Measurements of total production cross sections for π++C , π++Al , K++C , and K++Al at 60 GeV/c and π++C and π++Al at 31 GeV/c

Author

Andrzej Rybicki, E. Kashirin, S.A. Bunyatov, Tatiana Lazareva, K. Marton, A. Bravar, A. Yu. Seryakov, G. A. Feofilov, B. A. Popov, V. V. Lyubushkin, A. E. Herve, A. V. Brandin, M. Unger, G. L. Melkumov, K. Kowalik, D. Tefelski, A. Marchionni, A. B. Kurepin, Alexander Malakhov, R. Płaneta, St Mrówczyński, I. Selyuzhenkov, O. Golosov, F.F. Valiev, A. Garibov, A. Ivashkin, A. Snoch, Andras Laszlo, O. Petukhov, B. T. Rumberger, Darko Veberič, Michal Koziel, B. Baatar, Fedor Guber, Ralf Ulrich, R. Tsenov, Michael Deveaux, Miroslaw Marek Kielbowicz, J. Puzović, M. Strikhanov, Markus Roth, B. Messerly, M. Słodkowski, Marek Gaździcki, A. Tefelska, V. Paolone, V. Klochkov, A. Wojtaszek-Szwarc, Vladimir Kovalenko, R. Zwaska, J. Stepaniak, K. Schmidt, H. J. Mathes, A. K. Yarritu, O. Busygina, M. Posiadala, Y. Nagai, M. Lewicki, S. Ilieva, Antoni Aduszkiewicz, M. Pavin, W. Bryliński, E. D. Zimmerman, D. Kolev, Rainer Arno Ernst Renfordt, P. Staszel, A. Marcinek, B. Maksiak, Zbigniew Wlodarczyk, K. Łojek, V. I. Kolesnikov, M. Ravonel, V. Tereshchenko, B. Łysakowski, Evgeny Andronov, A. D. Marino, M. B. Golubeva, S. Puławski, A. O. Merzlaya, M. Bogomilov, G. Stefanek, Katarzyna Grebieszkow, A. Blondel, A. Wickremasinghe, S.N. Igolkin, W. Dominik, S. Bhosale, D. Manić, H. Cherif, A. Rustamov, E. Richter-Wąs, G. B. Mills, E. Rondio, S. R. Johnson, N. Kargin, Dieter Røhrich, Tobiasz Czopowicz, Alexey Krasnoperov, V. A. Kireyeu, M. Naskręt, A. Korzenev, L. Fields, J. Dumarchez, W. Rauch, Alberica Toia, S. Morozov, Ludwik Turko, P. Dorosz, E. Kaptur, T. Matulewicz, O. Wyszyński, M. Walewski, A. Haesler, A. Taranenko, Vitalii Ozvenchuk, Vladimir Vechernin, M. Kuich, A. Sadovsky, Z. Fodor, S. Kowalski, Ł. Mik, H. Ströbele, L. Zambelli, Maciej Rybczyński, T. Antičić, M. Ćirković, Dag Larsen, M. Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, Mateusz Baszczyk, P. Podlaski, A. Damyanova, Viktor Matveev, P. Seyboth, N. Davis, Kreso Kadija, Adam Bzdak, Z. Majka, J. Brzychczyk, Ralph Engel, T. Susa, and Wojciech Kucewicz

Subjects
Physics, Large Hadron Collider, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Hadron, Flux, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Super Proton Synchrotron, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Heavy ion, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

This paper presents several measurements of total production cross sections and total inelastic cross sections for the following reactions: π++C, π++Al, K++C, K++Al at 60 GeV/c, π++C and π++Al at 31 GeV/c. The measurements were made using the NA61/SPS Heavy Ion and Neutrino Experiment spectrometer at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). Comparisons with previous measurements are given and good agreement is seen. These interaction cross sections measurements are a key ingredient for neutrino flux prediction from the reinteractions of secondary hadrons in current and future accelerator-based long-baseline neutrino experiments.

Published
2018

17. Experimental survey of the production of α -decaying heavy elements in U238+Th232 reactions at 7.5–6.1 MeV/nucleon

Author

E. J. Kim, K. Hagel, R. Wada, M. Barbui, J. B. Natowitz, Guimin Zhang, S. Wuenschel, K. Zelga, Chun-Wang Ma, R. Płaneta, Zbigniew Sosin, K. Schmidt, A. Wieloch, Z. Majka, J. Gauthier, S. Kowalski, and X. Cao

Subjects
Physics, Isotope, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Production (computer science), Atomic number, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon
Abstract

The production of $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-particle decaying heavy nuclei in reactions of 7.5--6.1 MeV/nucleon $^{238}\mathrm{U}$ +$^{232}\mathrm{Th}$ was explored using an in-beam detection array composed of YAP scintillators and gas ionization chamber-Si telescopes. Comparisons of $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ energies and half-lives for the observed products with those of the previously known isotopes and with theoretically predicted values indicate the observation of a number of previously unreported $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ emitters. $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-particle decay energies reaching as high as 12 MeV are observed. Many of these are expected to be from decay of previously unseen relatively neutron rich products. While the contributions of isomeric states require further exploration and specific isotope identifications need to be made, the production of heavy isotopes with quite high atomic numbers is suggested by the data.

Published
2018

18. A novel experimental setup for rare events selection and its potential application to super heavy elements search

Author

J. B. Natowitz, K. Pelczar, S. Wuenschel, G. Giuliani, Zbigniew Sosin, A. Wieloch, X. Cao, K. Zelga, M. Barbui, E. J. Kim, Z. Majka, K. Hagel, R. Wada, S. Kowalski, M. Adamczyk, R. Planeta, and Hua Zheng

Subjects
Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, rare events selection, General Physics and Astronomy, Transactinide element, FOS: Physical sciences, Alpha particle, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, Signal, Nuclear physics, Microsecond, 0103 physical sciences, Instrumentation (computer programming), Electronics, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, super-heavy elements, Spontaneous fission
Abstract

The paper presents a novel instrumentation for rare events selection which was tested in our research of short lived super heavy elements production and detection. The instrumentation includes an active catcher multi elements system and dedicated electronics. The active catcher located in the forward hemisphere is composed of 63 scintillator detection modules. Reaction products of damped collisions between heavy ion projectiles and heavy target nuclei are implanted in the fast plastic scintillators of the active catcher modules. The acquisition system trigger delivered by logical branch of the electronics allows to record the reaction products which decay via the alpha particle emissions or spontaneous fission which take place between beam bursts. One microsecond wave form signal from FADCs contains information on heavy implanted nucleus as well as its decays., Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Acta Physica Polonica B

Published
2018
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19. Challenges in QCD matter physics --The scientific programme of the Compressed Baryonic Matter experiment at FAIR

Author

V. Jakovlev, R. Talukdar, Alberica Toia, V.M. Golovatyuk, P. Ivanov, Abhijit Bhattacharyya, M. Kohn, Yu. Onishchuk, M. Tanha, Suman Sau, E. Friske, L. Kumar, A. Roy, Valerica Baban, Yaping Wang, V. Blinov, D. Svirida, Pradip Kumar Sahu, D. Dementiev, A. Gomez Ramirez, M. Petris, Ming Shao, D. Blau, Yu. P. Tsyupa, A. Rost, D. P. Mahapatra, Y. F. Ryabov, D. Wielanek, Anju Bhasin, C. Lara, Saikat Biswas, Shusu Shi, E. P. Akishina, F. Seck, V. Jain, Hongfang Chen, O. Malyatina, B. Komkov, I. Carevic, V. Baublis, Raghunath Sahoo, D. Normanov, Tetyana Galatyuk, S. Amar-Youcef, Cristian Andrei, Yu. I. Bocharov, A. Vorobiev, M. Strikhanov, Y. Leifels, O. Petukhov, A. Petrovici, Dezso Varga, Oana Ristea, W. Verhoeven, J. Sánchez Rosado, Victor Golovtsov, S. Belogurov, E. Kryshen, M. Dey, Johannes Lehrbach, Y. P. Viyogi, A. V. Kazantsev, A. Himmi, M. Anđelić, Oleg Bezshyyko, Cheng Li, A. Raportirenko, Xu Cai, C. Kreidl, Daniela Bartos, T. Balog, Volker Lindenstruth, A. Chaus, M. Mohisin Khan, Mate Csanad, J. Pluta, A. Senger, Matthias Balzer, Christoph Blume, H. Appelshäuser, Di Jiang, B. Kämpfer, A. Lymanets, I. Berceanu, S. Gorbunov, S. Sarangi, V. Pospíšil, N. Heine, A. Veshikov, Yuanjing Li, V. Kushpil, Ch. Klein-Bösing, I. Selyuzhenkov, S. Razin, Guofeng Song, D. Belyakov, G. Berezin, V. Kyva, Andrei Ionut Herghelegiu, Heiko Engel, K. Schmidt, V. Klochkov, Alla Maevskaya, P.-A. Loizeau, L. Golinka-Bezshyyko, V.A. Karnaukhov, J. Bendarouach, C. Xiang, A.D. Sheremetiev, V. F. Chepurnov, Hr Schmidt, Zbigniew Sosin, M. Singla, I. Momot, O. Andreeva, I. Alexandrov, R. N. Singaraju, S. Avdeev, Evgeny Alexandrov, R. Płaneta, Gennady Ososkov, D. Hutter, A. Reinefeld, C.J. Schmidt, Andrei Dorokhov, Vikram Patel, K.-H. Becker, N. Kurepin, E. Lebedeva, C. P. Singh, Y. K. Sun, K. Jaaskelainen, Andras Szabo, J. Rożynek, Sanjeev Singh Sambyal, V. S. Negi, Krzysztof Piasecki, W. F. J. Müller, M. Baznat, N. Miftakhov, Feng Liu, N. Ahmad, L. Skoda, G. D. Kekelidze, Vladimir Ivanov, Krzysztof Kasinski, Xi-Wei Wang, D. Miskowiec, Serguei Volkov, Sudhir Raniwala, I. Tsakov, A. Nedosekin, Peter Senger, T. Barczyk, S. Dubnichka, C. Ristea, N.G. Tuturas, E. V. Atkin, D. Karmanov, W. Zabolotny, Tatiana Karavicheva, Subhasis Samanta, Yu.V. Zanevsky, S. Bähr, O. Batenkov, M. Petrovici, B. Milanovic, Muhammad Farooq, R. Karabowicz, I. Vassiliev, P. Staszel, Sheng Dong, Udo Wolfgang Kebschull, P. Koczon, Goutam Gangopadhyay, P. Zumbruch, Vladimir Plujko, Y. Berdnikov, Shue He, Volodymyr Vovchenko, V. Mialkovski, W. Zipper, T. Bus, O. Tarassenkova, S. K. Sahu, V. Militsija, Yu. Zaitsev, C. Müntz, S. K. Ghosh, Sushanta Tripathy, E. Rostchin, V. Shumikhin, I. Fröhlich, I. Panasenko, A. Laso Garcia, L. Dutka, Yu.S. Anisimov, B. Linnik, T. Tischler, A. Ivashkin, R. Kotte, Calin Besliu, T. Akishina, Rashmi Raniwala, Sheng Zheng, K. Koch, J. Kunkel, A. Shabunov, E. Lobanova, Wojciech Kucewicz, T. Breitner, M. Al-Turany, R. P. Adak, Claudiu Cornel Schiaua, S. Masciocchi, Zhongbao Yin, Xinjie Huang, Jens Wiechula, Nu Xu, I. Kisel, Christian Sturm, T. Mahmoud, V. Kalinin, A. Abuhoza, Mohd Danish Azmi, P. Zrelov, Jing Zhou, M. Dželalija, C. Deveaux, M. Goffe, Ke-Jun Wu, S. Strohauer, S. Bashir, D. Argintaru, B. Heß, A. Turowiecki, M. B. Golubeva, F. Ahmad, S. Gläßel, V. Plotnikov, Manuel Penschuck, Supriya Das, Grzegorz Kasprowicz, Vladislav Manko, O. Vasylyev, D. Kresan, L. Kudin, Yu. V. Gusakov, Dongdong Hu, Vladimir Nikulin, M. Ivanov, D. Gottschalk, Karl-Heinz Kampert, A. Kolosova, G. Caragheorgheopol, K. Dey, K. Mikhailov, Anand Kumar Dubey, J. Scholten, S. P. D. Figuli, T. Blank, Ajit Kumar, Vladimir Peshekhonov, Igor Pshenichnov, E. Badura, Michael Deveaux, I. Rostovtseva, M. Kiš, Jürgen Becker, Evgeny Karpechev, B. W. Kolb, Valery Pugatch, Xiaofeng Luo, I. Som, E. Ovcharenko, F.F. Guber, H. Büsching, H. Cherif, N. R. Panda, Zubayer Ahammed, R. Najman, Fouad Rami, M. Gumiński, J. Pieper, Jerzy Gajda, G. Kozlov, H. Jahan, A. Drozd, V. Butuzov, Joachim Stroth, I. K. Yoo, Thomas Janson, M. Petri, R. Holzmann, D. Finogeev, S. Golovnya, Ping Cao, E. Malankin, Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, L. Meder, Junfeng Yang, Lei Zhao, C. Simon, S. Kuznetsov, I. Valin, M. Zyzak, H. Hartmann, T. Satława, Yi Wang, Anton Andronic, Daicui Zhou, Zebo Tang, M. Prokudin, V. Saveliev, Qiyan Li, I. M. Deppner, Mahitosh Mandal, F. Uhlig, J. A. Lucio Martínez, J. Book, L. Mik, S. Schatral, S. K. Pal, A. Petrovskiy, J. Pietraszko, B. Debnath, E. Usenko, O. Svoboda, Gy. Wolf, V.V. Elsha, J. Lehnert, Pengfei Lyu, S. Seddiki, Peter Fischer, Huanhuan Fan, D. Doering, J. Frühauf, C. Wendisch, Yu Zhang, V. Kozlov, P. Tlustý, Piotr Otfinowski, N. Baranova, Sergey Kiselev, J. Rautenberg, Dmitry Mal'kevich, I. Kadenko, I. Lobanov, Mikhail Zhalov, A. Rodriguez Rodriguez, D. Emschermann, Vikas Singhal, Pavel Akishin, M. Bach, P. Kravtsov, X. Zhu, C. Nandi, I. Korolko, Rongxing Yang, E. Nandy, D. Ivanischev, Anil Prakash, A. Semennikov, I. E. Yushmanov, S. Parzhitskiy, M. Vznuzdaev, A. Khvorostukhin, A. Kiryakov, Soma Mukherjee, LuYao Chen, M. Pugach, Piotr Kmon, J. Gebelein, V. Kleipa, C. Bergmann, Kai Schweda, S. Rabtsun, Victor Ivanov, Tivadar Kiss, M. Dreschmann, I. G. Alekseev, A. K. Kurilkin, A. Volochniuk, E. Krebs, A. Lebedev, V. Kramarenko, N. Topil'skaya, S. Das, S. Lebedev, S. Querchfeld, Madan M. Aggarwal, N.I. Zamiatin, Amrendra K. Singh, Swagata Mandal, A. Khanzadeev, C. Simons, Gilles Claus, U. Frankenfeld, V.V. Ivanov, A. Chernogorov, Pascal Dillenseger, V. Dobyrn, Z. Dubnichkova, S. Löchner, Bhartendu K. Singh, S. Ahmad, Rishat Sultanov, J. Kallunkathariyil, A. Wieloch, T. Matulewicz, R. Berendes, A. Shabanov, Saniya Khan, V. Friese, Anik Gupta, L. Kochenda, M. Kirejczyk, Pavel Kisel, Amlan Chakrabarti, Ashwini Kumar, Michal Koziel, A. Berdnikov, A. Sadovsky, T. O. Ablyazimov, S. Mahajan, M. Merkin, Robert Szczygiel, C. Pauly, Krzysztof Poźniak, F. Roether, Alexey Kurepin, Alexander Voronin, A. Bubak, Nikolai Shumeiko, Nicolas Winckler, A. V. Kryanev, Andrey Reshetin, A. Simakov, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, E. M. Ilgenfritz, B. Sikora, Jihye Song, J. Hehner, Zhi Deng, M. Irfan, J. Saini, S. A. Lone, L. Naumann, D. Eschweiler, A. M. Marin Garcia, P. Kähler, O. Derenovskaya, A.P. Ierusalimov, Alexandru Jipa, K. Agarwal, T. Tolyhi, H. Malygina, Xingming Fan, Amalia Pop, Dmitry Golubkov, E. M. Verbitskaya, L. Radulescu, Ryszard S. Romaniuk, D. Pfeifer, Yifei Zhang, Rajarshi Ray, V. Zryuev, M. Teklishyn, M. Träger, S. Morozov, H. Flemming, A. Oancea, A. Wilms, P. Ghosh, A. Grzeszczuk, V. Mikhaylov, Patrick Simon Reichelt, Ankhi Roy, Sanguk Won, Vladimir Samsonov, T. Esanu, V. Akishina, D.V. Peshekhonov, A.I. Zinchenko, M. Żoładź, Xin Li, I. Sibiryak, J. Wüstenfeld, Aleksey Voronin, M. Korolev, Guangming Huang, A. Kugler, E. Kaptur, J. Michel, J. Tarasiuk, Manjit Kaur, A. Bychkov, F. Lemke, Bekhzod S Yuldashev, T. K. Bhattacharyya, S. Gorokhov, F. Schintke, P. Klaus, Adrian Byszuk, Ionel Lazanu, Dong Wang, Michael Dürr, M. Krieger, H. Deppe, Sibaji Raha, O. Sander, S. Kowalski, K. Wiśniewski, Alexander Malakhov, I. Filozova, Shengqin Feng, M. Calin, S. Reinecke, V. Kucher, M. Weber, A. Kovalchuk, V. Petráček, M. Adamczyk, K.K. Gudima, Johannes Peter Wessels, P. Sitzmann, J. Markert, V. K. Eremin, Alexandru Bercuci, Marc Winter, Mateusz Baszczyk, M.I. Ciobanu, E. Bao, M. Kuc, U. Brüning, O. V. Fateev, Piotr Maj, J. de Cuveland, M. G. Târzilă, Pavel Larionov, R. Averbeck, Jianping Cheng, Jacek Rauza, C. E. Muñoz Castillo, N. D'Ascenzo, O. Bertini, Wendi Deng, G. Kretschmar, I. Skwira-Chalot, W. Niebur, K. Oh, V. P. Ladygin, T. Morhardt, C. Höhne, M. G. Wiebusch, Partha Pratim Bhaduri, Dong Han, Oleg Karavichev, N. Herrmann, R. Visinka, F. Constantin, C. García Chávez, J. Brzychczyk, Sidharth Kumar Prasad, D. Soyk, V. V. Kirakosyan, W. Koenig, D. Bertini, Z. Majka, F. Khasanov, J. Eschke, P. Gryboś, E. Lavrik, V. Cătănescu, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, P. K. Kurilkin, J.M. Heuser, Adeel Akram, Yu. Murin, Alexander Akindinov, A. K. Bhati, I. Kres, J. Förtsch, Rafal Kleczek, Jiajun Zheng, S. Manz, T. K. Nayak, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CBM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
J/psi(3100), Phase transition, matter: interaction, Hadron, Nuclear Theory, hypernucleus, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Critical point (thermodynamics), transport theory, hadron: gas, Nuclear Experiment, neutron star, QCD matter, Brookhaven RHIC Coll, quark gluon: plasma, Physics, Large Hadron Collider, fireball, elliptic flow, strong interaction, Observable, heavy ion, CERN LHC Coll, QCD matter, Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP), QCD phase diagram, strong interaction, hadronic matter, partonic matte, heavy-ion, 2-4.9 GeV/nucleon, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, CBM, charmonium, [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], Strong interaction, review, nonperturbative, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], symmetry: chiral, quantum chromodynamics: critical phenomena, strangeness, 0103 physical sciences, density: high, Darmstadt GSI FAIR, structure, 010306 general physics, equation of state, quantum chromodynamics: matter, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, nucleus, temperature: high, baryon, Neutron star, Automatic Keywords, HADES, charm
Abstract

International audience; Substantial experimental and theoretical efforts worldwide are devoted to explore the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter. At LHC and top RHIC energies, QCD matter is studied at very high temperatures and nearly vanishing net-baryon densities. There is evidence that a Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP) was created at experiments at RHIC and LHC. The transition from the QGP back to the hadron gas is found to be a smooth cross over. For larger net-baryon densities and lower temperatures, it is expected that the QCD phase diagram exhibits a rich structure, such as a first-order phase transition between hadronic and partonic matter which terminates in a critical point, or exotic phases like quarkyonic matter. The discovery of these landmarks would be a breakthrough in our understanding of the strong interaction and is therefore in the focus of various high-energy heavy-ion research programs. The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at FAIR will play a unique role in the exploration of the QCD phase diagram in the region of high net-baryon densities, because it is designed to run at unprecedented interaction rates. High-rate operation is the key prerequisite for high-precision measurements of multi-differential observables and of rare diagnostic probes which are sensitive to the dense phase of the nuclear fireball. The goal of the CBM experiment at SIS100 ( $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 2.7--4.9 GeV) is to discover fundamental properties of QCD matter: the phase structure at large baryon-chemical potentials ( $\mu_B > 500$ MeV), effects of chiral symmetry, and the equation of state at high density as it is expected to occur in the core of neutron stars. In this article, we review the motivation for and the physics programme of CBM, including activities before the start of data taking in 2024, in the context of the worldwide efforts to explore high-density QCD matter.

Published
2017

20. Fragmentation studies with the CHIMERA detector at LNS in Catania: recent progress

Author

H. Wu, L. Auditore, J. Blicharska, M. Papa, G. Vannini, M. Trimarchi, S. M. Li, L. Zetta, Z. Majka, Angelo Pagano, S. Lo Nigro, M. L. Sperduto, T. Paduszynski, G. Lanzalone, G. Lanzanó, A. Chbihi, I. Skwira, M. Iacono-Manno, E. La Guidara, M.F Rivet, M. Bruno, J.P. Wieleczko, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, Maria Colonna, R. Bougault, G.R. Sechi, E. Rosato, Monica Alderighi, Amalia Pop, V. Simion, J. Cibor, N. Le Neindre, J.C. Steckmeyer, F. Rizzo, F. Porto, E. De Filippo, L. Swiderski, P. Russotto, A. Anzalone, V. Baran, Zhigang Xiao, M. Bartolucci, R. Planeta, M. D'Agostino, J. Wilczynski, M. Di Toro, A. Bonasera, P. Guazzoni, A. Grzeszczuk, R. Dayras, S. Cavallaro, I. Berceanu, S. Russo, E. Geraci, F. Giustolisi, B. Borderie, J. Brzychczyk, M. Sassi, S. Kowalski, W. Gawlikowicz, E. Piasecki, A. Trifiro, Mariano Vigilante, G. Politi, L. Arena, S. Pirrone, W. Zipper, D. Guinet, G. Cardella, G. Manfredi, F. Amorini, C. Maiolino, M. Petrovici, M. B. Chatterjee, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), A. Pagano, M. Alderighi, F. Amorini, A. Anzalone, L. Arena, L. Auditore, V. Baran, M. Bartolucci, I. Berceanu, J. Blicharska, J.Brzychczyk, A. Bonasera, B. Borderie, R. Bougault, M. Bruno, G.Cardella, S. Cavallaro, M.B. Chatterjee, A. Chbihi, J. Cibor, M.Colonna, M. D'Agostino, R. Dayra, E. De Filippo, M. Di Toro, W.Gawlikowicz, E. Geraci, F. Giustolisi, A. Grzeszczuk, P. Guazzoni, D.Guinet, M. Iacono-Manno, S. Kowalski, E. La Guidara, G. Lanzano', G.Lanzalone, N.Le Neindre, S. Li, S. Lo Nigro, C. Maiolino, Z. Majka, G. Manfredi, T. Paduszynski, M. Papa, M. Petrovici, E. Piasecki, S.Pirrone, R. Planeta, G. Politi, A. Pop, F. Porto, M.F. Rivet, E. Rosato, F. Rizzo, S. Russo, P. Russotto, M. Sassi, G. Sechi, V. Simion, K. Siwek-Wilczynska, I. Skwira, M.L. Sperduto, J.C. Steckmeyer, L. Swiderski, A. Trifiro`, M. Trimarchi, G. Vannini, M. Vigilante, J.P. Wieleczko, J. Wilczynski, H. Wu, Z. Xiao, L. Zetta, W. Zipper, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, APPARATO DI RIVELAZIONE, TECNICHE DI IDENTIFICAZIONE, REAZIONI NUCLEARI SEMI-PERIFERICHE, PRODUZIONE DI FRAMMENTI DI MASSA INTERMEDIA, TEMPI DI PRODUZIONE DEI FRAMMENTI, Cyclotron, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, law.invention, Ion, Nuclear physics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Charged particle, Time of flight, Nucleon
Abstract

The new detector CHIMERA, in its final 4π configuration, has been installed at Laboratori Nazionali del Sud (LNS) in Catania in January 2003. Beams of different energies ranging from protons to Au ions were delivered by the Tandem and the Super Conducting Cyclotron for nuclear reaction studies, in agreement with the approval of the Scientific Advisory Committee of LNS. Recent experimental results confirm very low energy thresholds of the trigger (below 0.5 MeV/nucleon), ensured within a wide dynamical range. Good characteristics of identification of light charged particles and heavy fragments have been obtained by using three detection techniques: Δ E-E , Δ E -time of flight, and the Pulse-Shape discrimination method. We present results of recent analysis concerning the production of intermediate mass fragments (IMF) in semi-peripheral collisions. Our results combined with theoretical Boltzmann-Nordheim-Vlasov simulations clearly demonstrate the presence of very fast processes of IMF production in the overlapping region of the target and projectile nuclei during re-separation, i.e. in the time scale comparable with the collision time. Evidence for slower, sequential-like production of IMF's is also shown.

Published
2004

21. Pion emission from the T2K replica target: Method, results and application

Author

B. Maksiak, K. Dynowski, R. Planeta, A. Grzeszczuk, S. Murphy, Stuart Kleinfelder, T. Paul, Viktor Matveev, S.A. Bunyatov, M. Messina, F.F. Guber, Biagio Rossi, D. P. Kikola, P. Seyboth, Gyorgy Vesztergombi, André Rubbia, V. I. Kolesnikov, A. Sadovsky, A. Haesler, Vladimir Vechernin, J. Argyriades, Kreso Kadija, S. Kowalski, M. Słodkowski, Vincent Marin, Darko Veberič, S. Debieux, D. Kolev, M. Posiadala, M. Kirejczyk, R. Tsenov, Andras Laszlo, Luigi Salvatore Esposito, M. Ravonel, O. Petukhov, V. Tereshchenko, G. Stefanek, E. Rondio, S. Puławski, N. G. Antoniou, A. Kapoyannis, D. T. Larsen, Katarzyna Grebieszkow, M. Szuba, G. Pálla, Z. Fodor, Rainer Arno Ernst Renfordt, Antoni Aduszkiewicz, Ludwik Turko, A. Taranenko, Dieter Røhrich, Y. Ivanov, Mrowczynski, K. Suzuki, M. Bogomilov, Maciej Rybczyński, T. Antičić, J. Dumarchez, M. Roth, J. Stepaniak, M. Vassiliou, Tivadar Kiss, A. Bubak, A. K. Ichikawa, Ágnes Fülöp, J. Kisiel, J. Pluta, Tsuyoshi Nakaya, J. Puzovic, O. Wyszyński, M. Sipos, A. Ferrero, N. Katrynska, A. Wojtaszek-Szwarc, D. Maletic, Kodai Matsuoka, R. Idczak, S.N. Igolkin, W. Dominik, M. Shibata, G. A. Feofilov, P. Christakoglou, B. Baatar, A. Korzenev, O. Busygina, B. Grabez, A. Wilczek, C. Strabel, T. Matulewicz, V. V. Lyubushkin, Apostolos Panagiotou, W. Zipper, G. L. Melkumov, A. Marchionni, T. Palczewski, V. P. Kondratiev, S. Di Luise, L. Zambelli, E. D. Zimmerman, Alexey Kurepin, W. Rauch, K. Nishikawa, K. Marton, T. Yuan, O. Kochebina, M. Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, H. Ströbele, William Brooks, M. Savic, J. Blümer, N. Davis, P. Staszel, A. Murakami, T. Tolyhi, E. Skrzypczak, A. Marcinek, Ken Sakashita, M.B. Golubeva, W. Peryt, N. Abgrall, Hidetoshi Kubo, B. A. Popov, M. Hartz, Alexey Krasnoperov, D. Kielczewska, R. Lacey, T. Czopowicz, Anar Rustamov, Zbigniew Wlodarczyk, Antonio Ereditato, Z. Majka, M. Gazdzicki, Takashi Kobayashi, T. Hasegawa, A. Ivashkin, Sergey Kuleshov, M. Unger, T. Nakadaira, T. Sekiguchi, P. Chung, Ioana Codrina Maris, R. Ulrich, J. Brzychczyk, Ralph Engel, T. Susa, A. Bravar, Alexander Malakhov, M. Tada, Arnaud Robert, A. Blondel, H. Hakobyan, A. D. Marino, Abgrall, Nicolas, Argyriades, Jeremy, Blondel, Alain, Bravar, Alessandro, Debieux, Stéphane, Ferrero, Andréa, Korzenev, Alexander, Murphy, Sébastien, and Ravonel Salzgeber, Melody

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Neutrino fluxpredictions, Proton, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Hadron production, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, ddc:500.2, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Pion, Long target, 0103 physical sciences, long target, Neutrino flux predictions, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, neutrino flux predictions, Instrumentation, Physics, Large Hadron Collider, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Replica, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The T2K long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment in Japan needs precise predictions of the initial neutrino flux. The highest precision can be reached based on detailed measurements of hadron emission from the same target as used by T2K exposed to a proton beam of the same kinetic energy of 30 GeV. The corresponding data were recorded in 2007-2010 by the NA61/SHINE experiment at the CERN SPS using a replica of the T2K graphite target. In this paper details of the experiment, data taking, data analysis method and results from the 2007 pilot run are presented. Furthermore, the application of the NA61/SHINE measurements to the predictions of the T2K initial neutrino flux is described and discussed., updated version as published by NIM A

Published
2013

22. Rapidity and centrality dependence of particle production for identified hadrons in Cu + Cu collisions atsNN=200GeV

Author

K. Hagel, Z. Majka, I. S. Zgura, D. Pal, Hans Hjersing Dalsgaard, C. Nygaard, H. Ito, F. Videbæk, B. Budick, P. Staszel, C. Chasman, J. J. Gaardhøje, Jongmin Lee, Catalin-Lucian Ristea, Ian Gardner Bearden, S. Bekele, D. R. Beavis, Alexandru Jipa, Dieter Røhrich, Oana Ristea, Ionut Cristian Arsene, J. B. Natowitz, E. B. Johnson, Gunnar Løvhøiden, H. Yang, T. M. Larsen, R. Karabowicz, R. Wada, Fouad Rami, Peter Christiansen, R. R. Debbe, H. Bøggild, A. Qviller, Michael Murray, C. E. Jørgensen, N. Katrynska, Christian Holm Christensen, Trine Spedstad Tveter, Borge Svane Nielsen, Z. Yin, E. J. Kim, Calin Besliu, and Stephen Sanders

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, Nuclear physics, Pion, Antiproton, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Jet quenching
Abstract

The BRAHMS collaboration has measured transverse momentum spectra of pions, kaons, protons, and antiprotons at rapidities 0 and 3 for Cu+Cu collisions at sNN=200 GeV. As the collisions become more central the collective radial flow increases while the temperature of kinetic freeze-out decreases. The temperature is lower and the radial flow weaker at forward rapidity. Pion and kaon yields with transverse momenta between 1.5 and 2.5 GeV/c are suppressed for central collisions relative to scaled p+p collisions. This suppression, which increases as the collisions become more central, is consistent with jet quenching models and is also present with comparable magnitude at forward rapidity. At such rapidities, initial state effects may also be present and persistence of the meson suppression to high rapidity may reflect a combination of jet quenching and nuclear shadowing. The ratio of protons to mesons increases as the collisions become more central and is largest at forward rapidities.

Published
2016

23. Investigation of the freeze-out configuration in the 197Au + 197Au reaction at 23 AMeV

Author

A. Pagano, G. Lanzalone, I. Skwira-Chalot, S. Pirrone, Tomasz Kozik, Lucrezia Auditore, E. Geraci, E. Piasecki, G. Politi, P. Russotto, R. Płaneta, J. Wilczynski, E. De Filippo, S. Kowalski, Ivano Lombardo, A. Grzeszczuk, M. Trimarchi, T. Cap, R. Najman, Antonio Trifiro, F. Rizzo, F. Amorini, G. Cardella, W. Zipper, Z. Majka, A. Sochocka, N. G. Nicolis, and K. Siwek-Wilczyńska

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), Physics::Plasma Physics, General Physics and Astronomy, Astrophysics, reakcje jądrowe, Nuclear Experiment, struktura jądra atomowego
Abstract

According to the model predictions, observation of toroidal objects is expected in collisions of heavy ion at low incident energies. Comparison between experimental data and model predictions which may indicate the formation of flat/toroidal nuclear systems is shown.

Published
2016

24. Freeze-out configuration properties in theAu197+Au197reaction at23AMeV

Author

S. Pirrone, Lucrezia Auditore, J. Wilczyński, P. Russotto, I. Skwira-Chalot, G. Politi, R. Płaneta, W. Zipper, F. Rizzo, Ivano Lombardo, M. Trimarchi, E. Piasecki, R. Najman, G. Cardella, A. Pagano, T. Cap, Antonio Trifiro, A. Sochocka, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, G. Lanzalone, N. G. Nicolis, Tomasz Kozik, A. Grzeszczuk, E. Geraci, F. Amorini, E. De Filippo, S. Kowalski, and Z. Majka

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Efficiency factor, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Toroid, Nuclear Theory, Code (cryptography), Experimental data, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Data from the experiment on the 197Au + 197Au reaction at 23 AMeV are analyzed with an aim to find signatures of exotic nuclear configurations such as toroid-shaped objects. The experimental data are compared with predictions of the ETNA code dedicated to look for such configurations and with the QMD model. A novel criterion of selecting events possibly resulting from the formation of exotic freeze-out configurations, "the efficiency factor", is tested. Comparison between experimental data and model predictions may indicate for the formation of flat/toroidal nuclear systems.

Published
2015

25. Kaon and pion production in central Au + Au collisions at sNN=62.4 GeV

Author

Hans Hjersing Dalsgaard, C. Nygaard, Borge Svane Nielsen, Peter Christiansen, Stephen Sanders, Trine Spedstad Tveter, Oana Ristea, K. Hagel, N. Katrynska, H. Bøggild, Christian Holm Christensen, E. J. Kim, S. Bekele, Jongmin Lee, Michael Murray, R. R. Debbe, Z. Yin, Alexandru Jipa, J. B. Natowitz, H. Ito, R. Wada, C. Chasman, D. Pal, Catalin-Lucian Ristea, Dieter Røhrich, Z. Majka, Gunnar Løvhøiden, B. Budick, E. B. Johnson, A. Qviller, C. E. Jørgensen, D. R. Beavis, T. M. Larsen, I. S. Zgura, Ionut Cristian Arsene, F. Videbæk, J. J. Gaardhøje, Ian Gardner Bearden, P. Staszel, R. Karabowicz, Fouad Rami, H. Yang, and Calin Besliu

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Proton, Meson, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Elementary particle, Nuclear physics, Baryon, Pion, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon
Abstract

Invariant p T spectra and rapidity densities covering a large rapidity range ( − 0.1 y 3.5 ) are presented for π ± and K ± mesons from central Au + Au collisions at s NN = 62.4 GeV . The mid-rapidity yields of meson particles relative to their anti-particles are found to be close to unity ( π − / π + ∼ 1 , K − / K + ∼ 0.85 ) while the anti-proton to proton ratio is p ¯ / p ∼ 0.49 . The rapidity dependence of the π − / π + ratio is consistent with a small increase towards forward rapidities while the K − / K + and p ¯ / p ratios show a steep decrease to ∼0.3 for kaons and 0.022 for protons at y ∼ 3 . It is observed that the kaon production relative to its own anti-particle as well as to pion production in wide rapidity and energy ranges shows an apparent universal behavior consistent with the baryo-chemical potential, as deduced from the p ¯ / p ratio, being the driving parameter.

Published
2010

26. Laboratory Studies of low density matter

Author

D. Fabris, G. Nebbia, G. Prete, L. Qin, R. Wada, M. R. D. Rodrigues, V. Rizzi, Thomas Keutgen, Z. Majka, Marcello Lunardon, G. Roepke, Aldo Bonasera, Giuseppe Viesti, K. Hagel, Sandra Moretto, Y. El Masri, Mei-Rong Huang, Chen Zhen, C. Bottosso, M. Cinausero, S. Pesente, Shalom Shlomo, M. Barbui, S. Kowalski, and J. B. Natowitz

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Density dependent, Low density, Cluster (physics), Free energies, Fermi energy, Alpha particle, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Mass fraction, Symmetry (physics)
Abstract

A very brief summary Of Our Current research on clustering in low density matter formed in near Fermi energy heavy ion collisions is presented. At the lowest densities and temperatures large alpha mass fractions are observed. Temperature and density dependent symmetry free energies have been derived from isoscaling analyzes of the yields of nuclei with A = 4. The symmetry free energies are far above those obtained in common effective interaction calculations, reflecting cluster formation, primarily of alpha particles, not included in such calculations.

Published
2010

27. Rapidity dependence of the proton-to-pion ratio in Au+Au and p+p collisions at sNN=62.4 and 200 GeV

Author

Borge Svane Nielsen, B. Budick, Stephen Sanders, K. Hagel, C. Chasman, Z. Yin, Michael Murray, C. Nygaard, R. R. Debbe, Trine Spedstad Tveter, H. Ito, E. B. Johnson, N. Katrynska, Oana Ristea, Alexandru Jipa, T. M. Larsen, E. J. Kim, Ian Gardner Bearden, D. R. Beavis, C. E. Jørgensen, R. Karabowicz, Fouad Rami, Christian Holm Christensen, Calin Besliu, R. Wada, H. Bøggild, A. Marcinek, P. Staszel, R. Płaneta, I.G. Arsene, Dieter Røhrich, H. Yang, Catalin-Lucian Ristea, I. S. Zgura, D. Pal, A. Oviller, Z. Majka, F. Videbæk, J. J. Gaardhøje, S. Bekele, J. B. Natowitz, Hans Hjersing Dalsgaard, Peter Christiansen, Gunnar Løvhøiden, and Jongmin Lee

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Meson, Proton, Hadron, Nuclear physics, Pion, Pseudorapidity, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon
Abstract

The proton-to-pion ratios measured in the BRAHMS experiment for Au + Au and p + p collisions at s N N = 62.4 and 200 GeV are presented as a function of transverse momentum and collision centrality at selected pseudorapidities in the range of 0–3.8. A strong pseudorapidity dependence of these ratios is observed. We also compare the magnitude and p T -dependence of the p / π + ratios measured in Au + Au collisions at s N N = 200 GeV and η ≈ 2.2 with the same ratio measured at s N N = 62.4 GeV and η = 0 . The great similarity found between these ratios throughout the whole p T range (up to 2.2 GeV / c ) is consistent with particle ratios in A + A collisions being described with grand-canonical distributions characterized by the baryo-chemical potential μ B . At the collision energy of 62.4 GeV, we have observed a unique point in pseudorapidity, η = 3.2 , where the p / π + ratio is independent of the collision system size in a wide p T -range of 0.3 ⩽ p T ⩽ 1.8 GeV / c .

Published
2010

28. Nuclear stopping and rapidity loss in Au+Au collisions at sNN=62.4 GeV

Author

Al. Jipa, H. Bøggild, H. Yang, I. S. Zgura, R. Wada, Christian Holm Christensen, E. B. Johnson, E. J. Kim, Z. Yin, Z. Majka, S. Bekele, Trine Spedstad Tveter, B. Budick, Hans Hjersing Dalsgaard, J. B. Natowitz, Oana Ristea, C. Nygaard, Peter Christiansen, R. Karabowicz, Fouad Rami, A. Qviller, Calin Besliu, D. Pal, C. E. Jørgensen, H. Ito, Ian Gardner Bearden, Gunnar Løvhøiden, Jongmin Lee, D. R. Beavis, N. Katrynska, Stephen Sanders, K. Hagel, Ionut Cristian Arsene, T. M. Larsen, Borge Svane Nielsen, C. Chasman, Catalin-Lucian Ristea, Dieter Røhrich, R. R. Debbe, Michael Murray, P. Staszel, F. Videbæk, and J. J. Gaardhøje

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Baryon, Nuclear physics, Antiproton, 0103 physical sciences, Stopping power (particle radiation), Rapidity, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon
Abstract

Transverse momentum spectra of protons and anti-protons measured in the rapidity range 0 y 3.1 from 0–10% central Au + Au collisions at s N N = 62.4 GeV are presented. The rapidity densities, d N / d y , of protons, anti-protons and net-protons ( N p – N p ¯ ) have been deduced from the spectra over a rapidity range wide enough to observe the expected maximum net-baryon density. From mid-rapidity to y = 1 the net-proton yield is roughly constant ( d N / d y ∼ 10 ), but rises to d N / d y ∼ 25 at 2.3 y 3.1 . The mean rapidity loss is 2.01 ± 0.14 ± 0.12 units from beam rapidity. The measured rapidity distributions are compared to model predictions. Systematics of net-baryon distributions and rapidity loss vs. collision energy are discussed.

Published
2009

29. Gross Properties and Isotopic Phenomena in Spectator Fragmentation

Author

B. Czech, I. Iori, E. Le Gentil, C. Volant, Y. Leifels, Håkan T Johansson, A. S. Botvina, W. F. J. Müller, J. Łukasik, J.-E. Ducret, C. Sfienti, E. Rapisarda, J.D. Frankland, Margareta Hellström, H. Sann, W. Trautmann, K. Kezzar, U. Lynen, C.O. Bacri, R. Bassini, H. Weick, Cornelius Schwarz, J. Lühning, W. G. Lynch, H. Orth, Z. Majka, H. Simon, D. Henzlova, M. S. Wallace, P. Adrich, K. Sümmerer, M. Mocko, J. Brzychczyk, A. Chbihi, S. Bianchin, A. Le Fèvre, H. Emling, Thomas Aumann, G. Imme, T. Barczyk, A. Mykulyak, B. Zwieglinski, Piotr Pawłowski, A. Boudard, C. Boiano, J. Wiechula, J. Cibor, A.N. Otte, M. De Napoli, R. Palit, G. Raciti, A. Lafriakh, Alberto Pullia, A. Wieloch, Helmholtz zentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania (INFN), Università degli studi di Catania [Catania], Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano (INFN), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Bertulani C.A., Gomes P.R.S., HusseinM.S., Szanto de ToledoA., ALADIN, Università degli studi di Catania = University of Catania (Unict), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Projectile, media_common.quotation_subject, Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), Criticality, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common
Abstract

A systematic study of isotopic effects in the break-up of projectile spectators at relativistic energies has been performed with the ALADiN spectrometer at the GSI laboratory. Searching for signals of criticality in the fragment production we have applied the model independent universal fluctuations theory already proposed to track criticality signals in multifragmentation to our data. The fluctuation of the largest fragment charge and of the asymmetry of the two and three largest fragments and their bimodal distribution have also been analysed., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, IX International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, August 28 - September 1, 2006

Published
2007

30. DYNAMICAL EVOLUTION OF THE 197<font>Au</font> + 197<font>Au</font> SYSTEM AT 15 MeV/NUCLEON

Author

R. Płaneta, G. Cardella, K. Siwek-Wilczyńska, A. Anzalone, J. Wilczyński, I. Skwira-Chalot, S. Pirrone, W. Zipper, Angelo Pagano, E. Piasecki, A. Grzeszczuk, P. Guazzoni, Maria Colonna, A. Sochocka, S. Cavallaro, G. Lanzano, F. Amorini, E. De Filippo, C. Maiolino, M. Di Toro, M. Papa, F. Rizzo, V. Baran, Ł. Świderski, S. Kowalski, M. B. Chatterjee, E. La Guidara, Marina Trimarchi, F. Porto, G. Lanzalone, N. G. Nicolis, L. Zetta, Z. Majka, Lucrezia Auditore, J. Brzychczyk, G. Politi, Antonio Trifiro, K. Schmidt, and P. Russotto

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, General Physics and Astronomy, Dissipation, Nuclear Experiment, Ternary operation, Nucleon, Excitation
Abstract

Collisions of a very heavy 197 Au + 197 Au system have been studied at an energy of 15 MeV/nucleon with the aim to investigate a possible change of the energy dissipation mechanism from one-body dissipation (presumably dominating at low excitation energies) to two-body dissipation. The experiment was carried out in 4π geometry using the CHIMERA multidetector array. A class of ternary events satisfying nearly complete balance of mass numbers was selected. Preliminary results suggest that the selected ternary events represent mostly prompt ternary partitions of the colliding system, in which the lightest fragment is quite massive. In the light of theoretical predictions of Cârjan, Sierk and Nix this result may imply that the observed ternary reactions are driven by the two-body dissipation mechanism already at 15 MeV/nucleon.

Published
2006

31. Quark–gluon plasma and color glass condensate at RHIC? The perspective from the BRAHMS experiment

Author

Bjørn Hallvard Samset, C. E. Jørgensen, J. Cibor, Calin Besliu, M. Mikelsen, F. Jundt, C. Chasman, Stephen Sanders, K. Hagel, I. S. Zgura, Anders Holm, D. R. Beavis, Catalin-Lucian Ristea, R. A. Scheetz, Oana Ristea, Borge Svane Nielsen, M. Germinario, Gunnar Løvhøiden, J. I. Jørdre, E. Enger, A. Makeev, Z. Majka, Ian Gardner Bearden, Trine Spedstad Tveter, P. Staszel, F. Videbæk, Y.K. Lee, R. Wada, A. K. Holme, Dieter Røhrich, Zhongbao Yin, B. Neumann, J. J. Gaardhøje, E. Jakobsen, Jongmin Lee, Michael Murray, B. Budick, Al. Jipa, D. Sandberg, S. Lindahl, R. R. Debbe, H. Ito, Peter Christiansen, I. Arsene, Christian Holm Christensen, E. J. Kim, Tomasz Kozik, R. Płaneta, Ole Hansen, R. Karabowicz, Fouad Rami, H. Bøggild, D. Ouerdane, J. B. Natowitz, T. M. Larsen, Institut de Recherches Subatomiques (IReS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and BRAHMS

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, Plasma, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Color-glass condensate, Nuclear physics, Quark–gluon plasma, Energy density, Bibliography, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Heavy ion, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, Jet quenching
Abstract

We review the main results obtained by the BRAHMS collaboration on the properties of hot and dense hadronic and partonic matter produced in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions at RHIC. A particular focus of this paper is to discuss to what extent the results collected so far by BRAHMS, and by the other three experiments at RHIC, can be taken as evidence for the formation of a state of deconfined partonic matter, the so called quark-gluon-plasma (QGP). We also discuss evidence for a possible precursor state to the QGP, i.e. the proposed Color Glass Condensate., 32 pages, 18 figures

Published
2005

32. RECENT RESULTS FROM THE BRAHMS EXPERIMENT AT RHIC

Author

Z. Yin, Z. Majka, B. Neuman, C. Ristea, Stephen Sanders, Borge Svane Nielsen, Gunnar Løvhøiden, J. I. Jørdre, Y. K. Lee, Christian Holm Christensen, H. Bøggild, P. Staszel, D. Ouerdane, I. Arsene, J. B. Natowitz, Calin Besliu, K. Hagel, Tomasz Kozik, H. Ito, Svein Lindal, Alexandru Jipa, D. Sandberg, B. Budick, M. Mikelsen, F. Jundt, Peter Christiansen, Ian Gardner Bearden, Dieter Røhrich, Trine Spedstad Tveter, Jongmin Lee, T. M. Larsen, R. R. Debbe, R. Lystad, R. Pł Aneta, I. S. Zgura, R. Karabowicz, Fouad Rami, Michael D. Murray, F. Videbæk, E. J. Kim, E. Enger, D. R. Beavis, A. Makeev, J. J. Gaardhøje, Oana Ristea, R. A. Sheetz, R. Wada, J. Cibor, C. Chasman, M. Germinario, Bjørn Hallvard Samset, C. E. Jørgensen, Institut de Recherches Subatomiques (IReS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Berndt Müller, Chung-I Tan, and BRAHMS

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, High Energy Density Matter, Astronomy and Astrophysics, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Charged particle, 25.75.-q, 25.75.Dw, Color-glass condensate, Nuclear physics, Reaction dynamics, Quark–gluon plasma, Particle, Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
Abstract

We present the results obtained by the BRAHMS experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) for three colliding systems, namely: Au + Au , d + Au and p + p at [Formula: see text]. The main focus here is to give an overview of the main results on the reaction dynamics and on the properties of hot and high energy density matter produced in utra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. Measurement of particle production, particle spectra over a large rapidity interval as well as high pt measurements related to nuclear modification in Au + Au and d + Au collision are discussed. The observed number of charged particles produced per unit of rapidity at the central rapidity region indicates that a high energy density (> 5 GeV/fm3) system is created at the initial stage of the Au + Au reaction. From the particle spectra we deduced significant radial expansion (β ≈ 0.75) which is consistent with the large initial energy density. For Au + Au at η = 0 we observe the suppression of the high p T particles as compared to the elementary collisions, whereas for the d + Au reaction the Cronin type enhancement is observed. We also discuss to what extent these results can be taken as evidence for the quark gluon plasma (QGP). Finally, we present the nuclear modification effects in d + Au reaction as a function of rapidity and consider whether the observed suppression at forward rapidities constitutes sufficient evidence for a possible precursor state to the QGP, i.e. the Color Glass Condensate (CGC).

Published
2005

33. Rapidity dependent strangeness measurements in BRAHMS experiment at RHIC

Author

J H Lee, (for the BRAHMIS Collaboration), I G Bearden, D Beavis, C Besliu, B Budick, H Bøggild, C Chasman, C H Christensen, P Christiansen, J Cibor, R Debbe, E Enger, J J Gaardhøje, M Germinario, K Hagel, O Hansen, A Holm, H Ito, E Jakobsen, A Jipa, F Jundt, J I Jørdre, C E Jørgensen, R Karabowicz, E J Kim, T Kozik, T M Larsen, Y K Lee, G Løvhøiden, Z Majka, A Makeev, M Mikelsen, M Murray, J Natowitz, B S Nielsen, J Norris, K Olchanski, J Olness, D Ouerdane, R P aneta, F Rami, C Ristea, D Röhrich, B H Samset, D Sandberg, S J Sanders, P Staszel, T S Tveter, F Videbæk, R Wada, A Wieloch, Z Yin, and I S Zgura

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Pion, Meson, Hadron, Transverse mass, Rapidity, Strangeness, Nuclear Experiment, Charged particle
Abstract

Particle production of charged kaons in central Au+Au collisions at has been studied as a function of rapidity by the BRAHMS collaboration at RHIC. The kaon spectral shapes are described well by an exponential in transverse mass for the rapidity range of 0 ≤ yK ≤ 3.3 with smoothly decreasing inverse slopes as the rapidity increases. For the charged kaon to pion ratios, while there is no significant rapidity dependence for the K+/π+ ratio, the K−/π− ratio shows a significant decrease from y ≈ 1 towards higher rapidities. The systematics of K−/K+ and ratios in the measured rapidity range demonstrates a strongly correlated behaviour which can be described by thermal–statistical models.

Published
2003

34. The BRAHMS experiment at RHIC

Author

F. Jundt, L. Dutka, L Antvorskov, M Kajetanowicz, Borge Svane Nielsen, E. Jakobsen, Jongmin Lee, Zbigniew Sosin, M Adamczyk, J. Westergaard, T. Keutgen, A. Makeev, D. R. Beavis, K Ashktorab, Christian Holm Christensen, E.K. Olsen, B. Budick, P. Staszel, R. Planeta, R. A. Scheetz, F. Videbæk, Michael Murray, Z. Majka, Tomasz Kozik, K. Hagel, J. Hammond, Gunnar Løvhøiden, Dieter Røhrich, K. Grotowski, T. M. Larsen, Bjørn Hallvard Samset, Y. Blyakhman, J. Brzychczyk, H. Bøggild, E. Baker, Al. Jipa, D. Ouerdane, J. B. Natowitz, R. Wada, H. Ito, R. Debbe, A. K. Holme, C. E. Jørgensen, E. J. Kim, J Sørensen, E Kotula, Calin Besliu, N. Lindegaard, Peter Christiansen, I. S. Zgura, K. Olchanski, C. Pearson, O.B. Rasmussen, Anders Holm, J. J. Gaardhøje, J. Cibor, A. Wieloch, Trine Spedstad Tveter, K Pena, K. Asselta, Ole Hansen, Y. K. Lee, C. Chasman, J Engelhardt, D. Phillips, E McBreen, J. I. Jørdre, H Diaz, M Justice, Ian Gardner Bearden, J.W. Olness, Fouad Rami, J.C. Hansen, T.F. Thorsteinsen, and Stephen Sanders

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Spectrometer, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Tracking (particle physics), Particle identification, Nuclear physics, Momentum, Quark–gluon plasma, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Event (particle physics), Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

The BRAHMS experiment at RHIC was conceived to pursue the understanding of nuclear matter under extreme conditions by detailed measurements of charged hadrons over the widest possible range of rapidity and transverse momentum. The experiment consists of two spectrometers with complementary charged hadron detection capabilities as well as a series of global detectors for event characterization. A series of tracking detectors, time-of-flight arms and Cherenkov detectors enables momentum determination and particle identification over a wide range of rapidity and transverse momentum. Technical details and performance results are presented for the various detector subsystems. The performance of the entire system working together is shown to meet the goals of the experiment.

Published
2003

35. Measurements of production properties ofKS0mesons andΛhyperons in proton-carbon interactions at 31 GeV/c

Author

V. I. Kolesnikov, A. Redij, T. Nakadaira, J. Pluta, T. Hasegawa, W. Peryt, A. Ivashkin, D. Kolev, K. Sakashita, M. Maćkowiak-Pawłowska, Sergey Kuleshov, William Brooks, H. Hakobyan, B. Maksiak, R. Tsenov, M. Savic, A. Wojtaszek, J. Blümer, A. Bravar, Alexander Malakhov, L. Zambelli, A. Blondel, N. G. Antoniou, Tivadar Kiss, N. Davis, R. Sipos, Antonio Ereditato, M. Nirkko, M. Unger, M.B. Golubeva, G. A. Feofilov, T. Sekiguchi, Z. Fodor, K. Dynowski, Luigi Salvatore Esposito, Antoni Aduszkiewicz, Ludwik Turko, M. Ravonel, O. Wyszyński, T. Tolyhi, Gyorgy Vesztergombi, A. Marchionni, M. Gazdzicki, S. Puławski, Y. Ali, Mrowczynski, B. A. Popov, T. Palczewski, Jan Kisiel, Leonid Vinogradov, A. Grzeszczuk, Alexey Kurepin, E. Rondio, M. Shibata, P. Christakoglou, T. Kobayashi, W. Rauch, Markus Roth, S. Di Luise, A. Sadovsky, P. Staszel, J. Argyriades, A. S. Kapoyannis, E. Skrzypczak, S. Murphy, A. Marcinek, M. Hierholzer, Stuart Kleinfelder, S. Debieux, N. Katrynska, O. Petukhov, D. Maletic, C. Pistillo, Z. Majka, V. V. Lyubushkin, H-J. Mathes, Katarzyna Grebieszkow, Apostolos Panagiotou, G. L. Melkumov, M. Vassiliou, Zbigniew Wlodarczyk, J. Puzović, A. Wilczek, M. Szuba, D. P. Kikola, André Rubbia, V. Tereshchenko, Viktor Matveev, A. Rustamov, Maciej Rybczyński, T. Antičić, K. Schmidt, O. Busygina, P. Seyboth, Darko Veberič, M. Słodkowski, Vincent Marin, J. Stepaniak, Kreso Kadija, M. Tada, M. Posiada la, T. Drozhzhova, Rainer Arno Ernst Renfordt, Alexey Krasnoperov, D. Kielczewska, Dieter Røhrich, J. Brzychczyk, Ralph Engel, Y. Ivanov, M. Kirejczyk, T. Susa, Fotis K. Diakonos, K. Nishikawa, K. Marton, Anne Robert, S.N. Igolkin, W. Dominik, T. Paul, A. Korzenev, H. Dembinski, V. P. Kondratiev, E. Kaptur, A. Haesler, Vladimir Vechernin, T. Matulewicz, S. Kowalski, Ágnes Fülöp, Andras Laszlo, G. Pálla, D. Joković, F.F. Guber, W. Zipper, D. T. Larsen, Tobiasz Czopowicz, D. Manić, N. Abgrall, J. Dumarchez, S.A. Bunyatov, M. Bogomilov, G. Stefanek, R. Płaneta, R. Idczak, B. Baatar, and Ralf Ulrich

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Hyperon, Strangeness production, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Pion, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear interaction length, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation
Abstract

Spectra of KS0 mesons and Λ hyperons were measured in p + C interactions at 31 GeV/c with the large acceptance NA61/SHINE spectrometer at the CERN SPS. The data were collected with an isotropic graphite target with a thickness of 4% of a nuclear interaction length. Interaction cross sections, charged pion spectra, and charged kaon spectra were previously measured using the same data set. Results on KS0 and Λ production in p + C interactions serve as a reference for the understanding of the enhancement of strangeness production in nucleus-nucleus collisions. Moreover, they provide important input for the improvement of neutrino flux predictions for the T2K long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment in Japan. Inclusive production cross sections for KS0 and Λ are presented as a function of laboratory momentum in intervals of the laboratory polar angle covering the range from 0 up to 240 mrad. The results are compared with predictions of several hadron production models. The KS0 mean multiplicity in production processes 〈nKS0〉 and the inclusive cross section for KS0 production σKS0 were measured and amount to 0.127 ± 0.005 (stat) ± 0.022 (sys) and 29.0 ± 1.6 (stat) ± 5.0 (sys) mb, respectively. © 2014 American Physical Society.

Published
2014

36. Experimental Search for Super and Hyper Heavy Nuclei at Cyclotron Institute Texas A\&M University

Author

G. A. Souliotis, M. Lunardon, Hua Zheng, G. Prete, S. Pesente, M. Cinausero, Henry C. Griffin, G. Chubaryan, S. Kowalski, Z. Majka, A. Wieloch, T. Materna, R. Wada, G. Viesti, R. Murthy, Zbigniew Sosin, P. Lasko, Pradip Kumar Sahu, D. Fabris, Fredrick D. Becchetti, S. Wuenschel, G. Giuliani, V. Rizzi, J. B. Natowitz, L. Quin, J. Kallunkathariyil, M. Barbui, K. Schmidt, R. Płaneta, T. W. O'Donnel, E. J. Kim, G. Nebbia, K. Hagel, S. Moretto, and J. Wang

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, spektroskopia neutronowa, techniki spektroskopowe, law, ciężkie jony, Cyclotron, General Physics and Astronomy, cząstki naładowane, reakcje jądrowe, Nuclear Experiment, rozszczepienie, law.invention
Abstract

The question "How heavy can an atomic nucleus be?" is a fundamental problem in nuclear physics. The possible existence of island(s) of stable super-heavy nuclei has been an inspiring problem in heavy ion physics for almost four decades. This paper is focused on the experimental search of Super/Hyper Heavy Elements (SHE/HHE) conducted at the Cyclotron Institute, Texas A&M University. A novel experimental idea and experimental set up introduced for this research will be presented.

Published
2014

37. Charged particle densities from Au+Au collisions at =130 GeV

Author

I.G Bearden, D Beavis, C Besliu, Y Blyakhman, J Brzychczyk, B Budick, H Bøggild, C Chasman, C.H Christensen, P Christiansen, J Cibor, R Debbe, J.J Gaardhøje, K Grotowski, K Hagel, O Hansen, A Holm, A.K Holme, H Ito, E Jakobsen, A Jipa, J.I Jørdre, F Jundt, C.E Jørgensen, T Keutgen, E.J Kim, T Kozik, T.M Larsen, J.H Lee, Y.K Lee, G Løvhøiden, Z Majka, A Makeev, E McBreen, M Murray, J Natowitz, B.S Nielsen, K Olchanski, J Olness, D Ouerdane, R Płaneta, F Rami, D Röhrich, B.H Samset, S.J Sanders, R.A Sheetz, Z Sosin, P Staszel, T.F Thorsteinsen, T.S Tveter, F Videbæk, R Wada, A Wieloch, and I.S Zgura

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Pseudorapidity, Particle, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Multiplicity (mathematics), Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Scaling, Charged particle
Abstract

We present charged particle densities as a function of pseudorapidity and collision centrality for the 197Au+197Au reaction at sqrt{s_{NN}}=130 GeV. An integral charged particle multiplicity of 3860+/-300 is found for the 5% most central events within the pseudorapidity range -4.7

Published
2001

38. Dynamical multi-breakup processes in the 124Sn+64Ni system at 35 MeV/nucleon

Author

M. Papa, F. Amorini, A. Anzalone, L. Auditore, V. Baran, I. Berceanu, J. Blicharska, J. Brzychczyk, A. Bonasera, B. Borderie, R. Bougault, G. Cardella, S. Cavallaro, M. B. Chatterjee, A. Chbihi, M. Colonna, R. Dayras, E. De Filippo, M. Di Toro, J. Frankland, E. Galichet, W. Gawlikowicz, G. Giuliani, F. Giustolisi, A. Grzeszczuk, P. Guazzoni, D. Guinet, M. Iacono Manno, S. Kowalski, E. La Guidara, G. Lanzalone, G. Lanzano', C. Maiolino, Z. Majka, N. Le Neindre, A. Pagano, M. Petrovici, E. Piasecki, S. Pirrone, R. Płaneta, G. Politi, A. Pop, F. Porto, F. Rizzo, E. Rosato, S. Russo, P. Russotto, M. Sassi, K. Schmidt, K. Siwek Wilczynska, I. Skwira, A. Sochocka, L. Swiderski, A. Trifiro', M. Trimarchi, G. Verde, M. Vigilante, J. P. Wieleczko, J. Wilczynski, L. Zetta, W. Zipper, GERACI, ELENA IRENE, VANNINI, GIANNI, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania (INFN), Università degli studi di Catania [Catania], Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Catania = University of Catania (Unict), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), M. Papa, F. Amorini, A. Anzalone, L. Auditore, V. Baran, I. Berceanu, J. Blicharska, J. Brzychczyk, A. Bonasera, B. Borderie, R. Bougault, G. Cardella, S. Cavallaro, M. B. Chatterjee, A. Chbihi, M. Colonna, R. Dayra, E. De Filippo, M. Di Toro, J. Frankland, E. Galichet, W. Gawlikowicz, E. Geraci, G. Giuliani, F. Giustolisi, A. Grzeszczuk, P. Guazzoni, D. Guinet, M. Iacono-Manno, S. Kowalski, E. La Guidara, G. Lanzalone, G. Lanzano', C. Maiolino, Z. Majka, N. Le Neindre, A. Pagano, M. Petrovici, E. Piasecki, S. Pirrone, R. Płaneta, G. Politi, A. Pop, F. Porto, F. Rizzo, E. Rosato, S. Russo, P. Russotto, M. Sassi, K. Schmidt, K. Siwek-Wilczynska, I. Skwira, A. Sochocka, L. Swiderski, A. Trifiro', M. Trimarchi, G. Vannini, G. Verde, M. Vigilante, J. P. Wieleczko, J. Wilczynski, L. Zetta, and W. Zipper

Subjects
BREAK-UP, 25.70.Mn, 24.10.Cn, 25.70.Pq, MOLECULAR DYNAMICS, EXPERIMENT, HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS, FISSION, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

International audience; Multi-breakup processes for the $^{124}$Sn+$^{64}$Ni system at 35 MeV/nucleon have been studied with the forward part of the CHIMERA detector. An extensive comparison between experimental data corresponding to almost complete ternary events and constrained molecular dynamics (CoMD-II) calculations suggests different characteristic times in the selected processes. This is in agreement with previous studies of the same reaction already published concerning the prompt intermediate-mass-fragment emission. Stimulated by CoMD-II calculations, we investigate the existence of more complex dynamical multi-breakup processes occurring on the same time scale. A detailed study of the rotational dynamics leading to slower dynamical fission processes is also presented.

Published
2007

39. Excitation energy deposition in 209Bi(α,α′) reactions at 240 MeV

Author

D. R. Napoli, D. Fabris, M. Cinausero, R. Wada, G. Nebbia, K. Hagel, M. Lunardon, N. Mdeiwayeh, J. B. Natowitz, Z. Majka, Y. Zhao, G. Viesti, R. Alfarro, T. Ho, Peter L. Gonthier, E. Fioretto, and G. Prete

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Fission, Nuclear Theory, Coincidence, Charged particle, medicine.anatomical_structure, Thermal, medicine, Neutron, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleus, Excitation, Deposition (law)
Abstract

The excitation energy deposited in the reaction 209 Bi(α,α′) at 240 MeV has been determined using the TAMU Neutron Ball. The reconstructed average excitation energies as a function of the beam energy losses show that not all of the missing beam energy is usually deposited as thermal excitation in the target nucleus. Requiring an additional coincidence with a light charged particle or fission fragment leads to selection of a significant higher average excitation energy. This effect is extrapolated to explore results of previous GDR decay measurements in the case of a 208 Pb target.

Published
1999

40. Energy deposition and GDR emission in the reaction 209Bi(α,α′) at 240 MeV

Author

R. Alfarro, K. Hagel, Z. Majka, T. Ho, N. Mdeiwayeh, Y. Zhao, Giuseppe Viesti, J. B. Natowitz, D. R. Napoli, Marcello Lunardon, E. Fioretto, G. Nebbia, G. Prete, D. Fabris, M. Cinausero, R. Wada, and Peter L. Gonthier

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Energy loss, medicine.anatomical_structure, Projectile, medicine, Neutron, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleus, Excitation, Charged particle, Coincidence
Abstract

Neutron fold distributions measured for the reaction 209 Bi(α,α′) at 240 MeV have been analyzed with the help of Statistical Model calculations to determine the distribution of excitation energy, E x , in the primary target fragments as a function of the projectile energy loss, EL. The reconstructed distributions in excitation energy feature a plateau which extends from the kinematical limit E x = EL to very small excitations, indicating a variety of interactions of the beam particles with the target nucleus. The requirement of an additional coincidence with a light charged particle leads to the selection of a significant higher average excitation energy. Those results are extrapolated to explore the effects of including the excitation energy distributions in the analysis of previous GDR measurements in 208 Pb. Corrections of the derived GDR parameters due to the partial transfer of excitation energy are suggested.

Published
1999

41. Energy deposition and GDR emission in inelastic alpha particle scattering

Author

T. Ho, K. Hagel, N. Mdeiwayeh, Y. Zhao, M. Cinausero, G. Negbbia, R. Alfarro, Z. Majka, J. B. Natowitz, E. Fioretto, Peter L. Gonthier, G. Prete, D. Fabris, D. R. Napoli, Marcello Lunardon, R. Wada, and Giuseppe Viesti

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Scattering, Projectile, Alpha particle, Coincidence, Charged particle, medicine.anatomical_structure, medicine, Neutron, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleus, Excitation
Abstract

Neutron fold distributions measured for the reaction 209 Bi(α,α′) at 240 MeV have been analyzed with the help of Statistical Model calculations to determine the distribution of excitation energy in the primary target fragments as a function of the projectile energy loss, EL. Results show that the distributions in excitation energy feature a plateau which extends from the kinematical limit E x =EL to very small excitations, suggesting a variety of interactions of the beam particles with the target nucleus. Requiring an additional coincidence with a light charged particle leads to selection of a significant higher average excitation energy. This effect is extrapolated to explore results of previous GDR decay measurements in the case of a 208 Pb target. Corrections of derived GDR parameters due to the partial transfer of excitation energy are suggested.

Published
1999

42. Excitation energy deposition in209Bi(α,α′)reactions at 240 MeV

Author

M. Lunardon, G. Nebbia, K. Hagel, D. R. Napoli, Z. Majka, N. Mdeiwayeh, E. Fioretto, G. Prete, Y. Zhao, D. Fabris, M. Cinausero, G. Viesti, J. B. Natowitz, Peter L. Gonthier, T. Ho, R. Wada, and R. Alfarro

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Fission, Thermal, Neutron, Atomic physics, Inelastic scattering, Nuclear Experiment, Beam energy, Coincidence, Excitation, Charged particle
Abstract

The energy deposition associated with inelastic {alpha} particle scattering on {sup 209}Bi at 240 MeV has been determined using the TAMU neutron ball. A comparison of the reconstructed average excitation energies with the beam energy losses demonstrates that only part of the missing beam energy is usually deposited as thermal excitation in the target nucleus. Requiring an additional coincidence with a light charged particle or fission fragment leads to selection of a significant higher average excitation energy. {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society}

Published
1998

43. Isoscaling in central $^{124]$Sn + $^{64}$Ni, $^{112}$Sn + $^{58}$Ni collisions at 35 A MeV

Author

A. Chbihi, J.C. Steckmeyer, M. Iacono-Manno, A. Italiano, J. Brzychczyk, S. Kowalski, E. La Guidara, V. Baran, E. Piasecki, M. Papa, G. Vannini, L. Zetta, F. Giustolisi, D. Guinet, Z. Majka, S. Lo Nigro, R. Barnà, J. Cibor, M. Trimarchi, M.F. Rivet, Maria Colonna, S. M. Li, Antonio Trifiro, Amalia Pop, Mariano Vigilante, M. Di Toro, C. Maiolino, G. Lanzanó, P. Guazzoni, R. Bougault, M. Petrovici, D. De Pasquale, F. Porto, Angelo Pagano, S. Cavallaro, A. Bonasera, M. Bartolucci, A. Grzeszczuk, S. Russo, L. Auditore, G. Cardella, S. Pirrone, W. Zipper, N. Le Neindre, M. L. Sperduto, E. Geraci, Bernard Borderie, G. Lanzalone, G. Manfredi, M. D'Agostino, P. Russotto, M. Alderighi, Zhigang Xiao, H. Wu, A. Anzalone, G. Politi, J.P. Wieleczko, M. Bruno, I. Berceanu, G.R. Sechi, V. Simion, Elio Rosato, E. De Filippo, J. Wilczynski, J. Blicharska, T. Paduszynski, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), E. GERACI, M. ALDERIGHI, A. ANZALONE, L. AUDITORE, V. BARAN, R. BARNA', M. BARTOLUCCI, I. BERCEANU, J. BLICHARSKA, A. BONASERA, B. BORDERIE, R. BOUGAULT, BRUNO M., J. BRZYCHCZYK, G. CARDELLA, S. CAVALLARO, A. CHBIHI, J. CIBOR, M. COLONNA, M. D'AGOSTINO, E .DE FILIPPO, D. DE PASQUALE, M. DI TORO, F. GIUSTOLISI, A. GRZESZCZUK, P. GUAZZONI, D. GUINET, M. IACONO-MANNO, A. ITALIANO, S. KOWALSKI, E. LA GUIDARA, G. LANZALONE, G. LANZANO', N. LE NEINDRE, S. LI, S. LO NIGRO, C. MAIOLINO, Z. MAJKA, G. MANFREDI, T. PADUSZYNSKI, A. PAGANO, M. PAPA, M. PETROVICI, E. PIASECKI, S. PIRRONE, G. POLITI, A. POP, F. PORTO, M. F. RIVET, E. ROSATO, S. RUSSO, P. RUSSOTTO, G. SECHI, V. SIMION, M. L. SPERDUTO, J. C. STECKMEYER, A. TRIFIRO, M. TRIMARCHI, G. VANNINI, M. VIGILANTE, J. P. WIELECZKO, J. WILCZYNSKI, H. WU, Z. XIAO, L. ZETTA, W. ZIPPER, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Phase transition, Heavy ion–nucleus reactions, Nuclear isospin, Nuclear fragmentation, MATERIA NUCLEARE, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, 112Sn(58Ni, FRAMMENTAZIONE NUCLEARE, ISOSPIN, REAZIONI NUCLEARI FRA IONI PESANTI, ISOTOPI, Elementary particle, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 25.70.-z, 25.70.Pq, 24.10.Pa, 02.50.Sk, 124Sn(64Ni, Isotopes, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nuclear matter, X), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Baryon, Isospin, E=35 A MeV, Nuclear reactions, Atomic physics, Nucleon
Abstract

124 Sn+ 64 Ni and 112 Sn+ 58 Ni reactions at 35 A MeV incident energy were studied by using the 688 Si–CsI telescopes of the forward part (1°⩽ θ lab ⩽30°) of CHIMERA multi-detector. The most central part, 1% of the total measured cross section was selected by means of a multidimensional analysis of the experimental observables. The detected isotopes of light fragments (3⩽ Z ⩽8) provided information on breakup temperatures of the emitting sources. The space–time structure of these sources was deduced from fragment correlations. An odd–even effect in the fragment production, enhanced by the isospin of the entrance channel, was observed. Freeze-out unbound neutron-to-proton relative densities for both studied reactions have been deduced, indicating for a possible isospin distillation mechanism related to a phenomenon of the liquid–gas phase transition in asymmetric systems.

Published
2004

44. The dependence of fission time-scales on fragment mass asymmetry in the 20Ne+165Ho reaction at 50A MeV

Author

J. Li, J. B. Natowitz, Z. Majka, K. Hagel, R. Wada, Y. Lou, D. Utley, N. Mdeiwayeh, R. Tezkratt, B. Xiao, and J. Cibor

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Fission, Nuclear Theory, Monte Carlo method, Multiplicity (mathematics), Alpha particle, Spectral line, Coincidence, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, Excited state, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Excitation
Abstract

The pre-scission and post-scission multiplicities of alpha particles were determined in coincidence with fission fragments for four windows of exit channel mass asymmetry in the reaction 20Ne+165Ho at 50A MeV. The technique used employed a kinematic analysis of the energy spectra of alpha particles as a function of the emission angle with respect to the fission axis. Using a procedure of fitting the experimental energy spectra with those resulting from a Monte Carlo simulation program, the total multiplicity of alpha particles was separated into pre-scission and post-scission components. Using the pre-scission and post-scission multiplicities, neutron multiplicity measurements and other empirical observations, both the initial excitation energy and the excitation energy at scission of the compound nucleus were determined. The pre-scission times in the de-excitation of a highly excited 178W compound nucleus with initial excition energy of 570 MeV were evaluated using statistical model calculations. Only a small decrease in scission time was derived for the most asymmetric events studied. The possible contribution of very damped deep inelastic processes is discussed.

Published
1997

45. Energy deposition in reactions at

Author

M. Cinausero, G. Prete, G. Nebbia, D. Fabris, K. Hagel, G. Viesti, Peter L. Gonthier, R. Wada, D. R. Napoli, E Fioretto, Marcello Lunardon, R. Alfarro, J. B. Natowitz, Z. Majka, N. Mdeiwayeh, Y. Zhao, and T. Ho

Subjects
Momentum, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Fission, Nuclear Theory, Nuclear fusion, Deposition (phase transition), Neutron, Atomic physics, Inelastic scattering, Nuclear Experiment, Excitation, Charged particle
Abstract

The reaction has been studied , exploring the possibility of producing hot nuclei with low-angular momentum, in the mass region , suitable for studies of the level-density parameter. The possibility of using the energy of the inelastically scattered particles to determine the excitation energy deposited in the target nucleus has been checked by measuring evaporated charged particles, neutrons, fission fragments and -rays. Comparison of the data with results from the fusion reaction and statistical model calculations seems to indicate that, in the case of inelastic scattering, not all the energy dissipated in the collision is normally deposited as thermal excitation in the target nucleus. From evaporated proton spectra there is evidence for a strong pre-equilibrium component even at the most backward angles.

Published
1997

46. Quantum statistical thermodynamics of hot finite nuclear systems: Temperatures and isotopic yield ratios

Author

J. Cibor, P. Staszel, K. Hagel, J. Li, J. B. Natowitz, N. Mdeiwayeh, Y. Zhao, R. Wada, and Z. Majka

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Isotope, Yield (chemistry), Nuclear Theory, Thermodynamics, Yield ratio, Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear system, Nuclear matter, Quantum statistical mechanics, Quantum
Abstract

We investigate the importance of the quantum statistics and deexcitation of primary fragments on the isotope yield ratio temperature determination. A phenomenological formula is presented which allows derivation of the temperature of the decaying nuclear system at the freeze-out time from the measured double yield ratios of two isotope pairs. This prescription is applied to the recent ALADIN and EOS Collaboration data. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}

Published
1997

47. Study of the violent collisions between63Cu+232Th at 35 MeV/nucleon

Author

J. Cibor, K. Hagel, R. Wada, Z. Majka, Tomasz Kozik, Zbigniew Sosin, B. Xiao, L. Lou, R. Tezkratt, D. Utley, P. Staszel, J. Li, and J. B. Natowitz

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Fission, Projectile, Neutron, Atomic physics, Multiplicity (chemistry), Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Nuclear matter, Charged particle, Excitation
Abstract

A study of the decay of hot and heavy composite nuclei produced in the violent collisions between {sup 63}Cu and {sup 232}Th at 35A MeV is presented. The measurement of fission fragment correlations indicates that {approximately} 70{percent} of the projectile linear momentum can be transferred to the fissioning system. Heavy reaction products were observed at a laboratory angle of {theta}=6{degree} in coincidence with neutrons, light charged particles, and intermediate mass fragments. The dynamical aspects of the collisions between the projectile and target nuclei were investigated using the computer code CHIMERA which is based upon the molecular dynamics concept. Asymptotic characteristics of the reaction products were confronted with results of calculations of the tandem CHIMERA plus GEMINI codes. The data and model comparisons show that a composite system of mass as high as 275 amu and with an excitation energy {approximately} 1 GeV is formed in the most violent collisions. Some of the heavy reaction remnants are located on the fragment mass versus velocity plane inside the area where the evaporation residues resulting from the decay of the hot composite system are expected. A high neutron multiplicity associated with these events indicates their origin in the most dissipative events. However, amore » low cross section for the production of these remnants and the close similarity of their characteristics to the fission fragments do not allow more conclusive statements. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}« less

Published
1997

48. Excitation energies and temperatures of hot nuclei produced in the reactions of63Cu+197Au at35AMeV

Author

Ferid Haddad, J. Li, Tomasz Kozik, J. Cibor, K. Hagel, J. B. Natowitz, Shalom Shlomo, B. Xiao, A. Kolomiets, R. Wada, Zbigniew Sosin, Z. Majka, D. Utley, Y. Lou, R. Tezkratt, N. Mdeiwayeh, and M. Shimooka

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, education.field_of_study, Isotope, Fission, Isotopes of lithium, Population, Multiplicity (mathematics), Excited state, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, education, Isotopes of helium, Excitation
Abstract

Observations of heavy remnants emitted at forward angles with high velocities and high associated particle multiplicities have been used to select central collisions of 35A MeV {sup 63}Cu with {sup 197}Au. The data indicate that these remnants, both fission fragments and evaporation residuelike products, result from the deexcitation of nuclei with A{approximately}225{endash}240 having excitation energies of {approximately} 800{endash}1300 MeV. Similar particle multiplicities are observed for both evaporative and fission decay channels. Modeling the results with hybrid codes which treat entrance channel dynamics followed by sequential statistical decay requires the inclusion of some delay in the fission channel to produce heavy remnants with mass A{ge}130, but the trend of the predicted velocities of these heavy remnants is different from that of the experiments. Calculations with a dynamic model based on the molecular dynamics approach have also been performed and lead to similar results. He and Li isotope yield ratios and the apparent temperatures derived from those ratios are similar to those previously reported for excited nuclei in this mass region. Temperatures derived from other yield ratios are also similar once a self-consistent treatment, taking into account population and decay of known excited states, is applied. The derived temperatures show little variation more » with excitation energy, suggesting that a limiting temperature may be reached at relatively low excitation energy, although the interpretation of this result and the determination of the actual initial value of this temperature is model dependent. Comments on the application of the double isotope yield ratio technique to extraction of the nuclear caloric curve are made. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society} « less

Published
1997

49. Isotope correlations as a probe for freeze-out charaterization: central $^{124}$Sn+$^{64}$Ni, $^{112}$Sn+$^{58}$Ni collisions

Author

S. Pirrone, M. L. Sperduto, Bernard Borderie, Monica Alderighi, M. Di Toro, J. Brzychczyk, P. Russotto, L. Zetta, Z. Majka, S. Lo Nigro, F. Porto, S. Kowalski, Maria Colonna, M. Bartolucci, A. Anzalone, Angelo Pagano, M. Papa, G. Vannini, S. Russo, Amalia Pop, S. Cavallaro, J. Wilczynski, G.R. Sechi, V. Simion, T. Paduszynski, A. Chbihi, D. Guinet, J. Blicharska, J.C. Steckmeyer, E. Piasecki, M. Bruno, G. Cardella, M.F. Rivet, M. Iacono-Manno, Elio Rosato, E. De Filippo, G. Lanzalone, F. Giustolisi, Marina Trimarchi, G. Manfredi, Antonio Trifiro, E. Geraci, P. Guazzoni, Zhigang Xiao, H. Wu, I. Berceanu, Mariano Vigilante, A. Grzeszczuk, G. Lanzanó, R. Bougault, V. Baran, S. M. Li, E. La Guidara, M. Petrovici, J. Cibor, A. Bonasera, W. Zipper, N. Le Neindre, J.P. Wieleczko, C. Maiolino, M. D'Agostino, Lucrezia Auditore, G. Politi, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), E. GERACI, M. ALDERIGHI, A. ANZALONE, L. AUDITORE, V. BARAN, M. BARTOLUCCI, I. BERCEANU, J. BLICHARSKA, A. BONASERA, B. BORDERIE, R. BOUGAULT, BRUNO M., J. BRZYCHCZYK, G. CARDELLA, S. CAVALLARO, A. CHBIHI, J. CIBOR, M. COLONNA, M. D'AGOSTINO, E .DE FILIPPO, M. DI TORO, F. GIUSTOLISI, A. GRZESZCZUK, P. GUAZZONI, D. GUINET, M. IACONO-MANNO, S. KOWALSKI, E. LA GUIDARA, G. LANZALONE, G. LANZANO', N. LE NEINDRE, S. LI, S. LO NIGRO, C. MAIOLINO, Z. MAJKA, G. MANFREDI, T. PADUSZYNSKI, A. PAGANO, M. PAPA, M. PETROVICI, E. PIASECKI, S. PIRRONE, G. POLITI, A. POP, F. PORTO, M. F. RIVET, E. ROSATO, S. RUSSO, P. RUSSOTTO, G. SECHI, V. SIMION, M. L. SPERDUTO, J. C. STECKMEYER, A. TRIFIRO, M. TRIMARCHI, G. VANNINI, M. VIGILANTE, J. P. WIELECZKO, J. WILCZYNSKI, H. WU, Z. XIAO, L. ZETTA, W. ZIPPER, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear reaction, RAPPORTO FRA DENSITA’ FRA NEUTRONI E PROTONI, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, TEMPERATURA E VOLUME DELLA SORGENTE, Proton, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, SORGENTE ECCITATA, 0103 physical sciences, Incident energy, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, DIMENSIONE, Physics, Isotope, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, REAZIONI NUCLEARI CENTRALI, RESE DI ISOTOPI, Characterization (materials science), Volume (thermodynamics), Yield (chemistry), Atomic physics
Abstract

124Sn+64Ni and 112Sn+58Ni reactions at 35 AMeV incident energy were studied with the forward part of CHIMERA multi-detector. The most central collisions were selected by means of a multidimensional analysis. The characteristics of the source formed in the central collisions, as size, temperature and volume, were inspected. The measured isotopes of light fragments (3, 4 pages, Contribution to 8th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, Moscow 2003

Published
2003

50. In-Medium phenomena in Low Density Nuclear Matter

Author

Giuseppe Viesti, Marcello Lunardon, Th. Keutgen, J. S. Wang, M. Barbui, Aldo Bonasera, K. Hagel, R. Wada, K. Schmidt, V. Rizzi, M. R. D. Rodrigues, Y. El Masri, D. Fabris, S. Kowalski, Shalom Shlomo, M. Cinausero, G. Nebbia, G. Prete, S. Pesente, Hua Zheng, Stefan Typel, Z. Chen, Mei-Rong Huang, Sandra Moretto, C. Bottosso, J. B. Natowitz, Z. Majka, Gerd Röpke, and L. Qin

Subjects
Physics, History, Projectile, Nuclear Theory, Binding energy, Nuclear matter, Symmetry (physics), Computer Science Applications, Education, Nuclear physics, Cluster (physics), Low density, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

In-medium phenomena of low density nuclear matter are studied using collisions of 47 A MeV 40 Ar and 64 Zn projectiles with 112Sn and 124Sn target nuclei. Low density equations of state are tested by confronting various models with the data. In-medium cluster binding energies and symmetry density are also studied at low densities. We find that models that account for in-medium effects in general describe the data better than models that do not.

Published
2013

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