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Objective: To investigate the expression of vimentin in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and the relationship with invasion and metastasis of lung cancer. Methods: Collected 150 cases of NSCLC carcinoma tissues and 79 cases of adjacent normal tissues (>5cm away from carcinoma tissues) from the resection underwent in our hospital from June 2012 to June 2014, then extracted RNA of two groups, detected the expression of vimentin mRNA by real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method, and detected the expression of vimentin protein by immunohistochemical method, finally, analyzed the relationship between the expression of vimentin protein and the lymph node metastasis and TNMstage. Results: The expression of vimentin mRNA expression in NSCLC carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than adjacent normal tissues(P<0.05). The up-regulation expression of vimentin mRNA was related with lymph node metastasis and TNMstage (P<0.05). Conclusions: The expression of vimentin is up-regulation in NSCLC, which is closely related to the occurrence and invasion of NSCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]