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In many developing countries with surging vehicular traffic and inadequate traffic management, excessive road traffic noise exposure poses substantial health concerns, linked to increased stress, insomnia and other metabolic disorders. This study aims to assess the linkage between sociodemographic factors, traffic noise levels in residential areas and health effects using a cross-sectional study analyzing respondents' perceptions and reports. Noise levels were measured at 57 locations in Srinagar, India, using noise level meter. Sound PLAN software was employed to generate noise contour maps, enabling the visualization of noise monitoring locations and facilitating the assessment of noise levels along routes in proximity to residential areas. Correlation analysis showed a strong linear relationship between field-measured and modelled noise (r2 = 0.88). Further, a questionnaire-based survey was carried out near the sampling points to evaluate the association of ischemic heart disease with traffic noise. Residents exposed to noise levels (Lden > 60 dB(A)) were found to have a 2.24 times higher odds ratio. Compared to females, males reported a 16% higher prevalence of the disease. Multi-faceted policy strategies involving noise mapping initiatives, source noise standards, traffic flow urban mobility optimization, smart city initiatives and stringent litigatory measures could significantly reduce its detrimental impact on public health. Finally, this study envisions a region-specific strong regulatory framework for integrating noise pollution mitigation strategies into the public health action plans of developing nations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increased use of recreational areas after the lifting of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions has led to increased noise levels. This study aims to determine the level of noise pollution experienced in recreational areas with the increasing domestic and international tourism activities after the lifting of pandemic lockdowns, to produce spatial distribution maps of noise pollution, and to develop strategic planning suggestions for reducing noise pollution in line with the results obtained. Antalya-Konyaaltı Beach Recreation Area, the most important international tourism destination of Turkey, is determined as the study area. To determine the existing noise pollution, 31 measurement points were marked at 100 m intervals within the study area. Noise measurements were taken during the daytime (07:00–19:00), evening (19:00–23:00), and nighttime (23:00–07:00) on weekdays (Monday, Wednesday, Friday) and weekends (Sunday) over 2 months in the summer when the lockdown was lifted. In addition, the sound level at each measurement point was recorded for 15 min, while the number of vehicles passing through the area during the same period was determined. The database created as a result of measurements and observations was analyzed using statistical and geostatistical methods. After the analysis of the data, it was found that the co-kriging-stable model showed superior performance in noise mapping. Additionally, it was revealed that there is a high correlation between traffic density and noise intensity, with the highest equivalent noise level (Leq) on weekdays and weekend evenings due to traffic and user density. In conclusion, regions exposed to intense noise pollution were identified and strategic planning recommendations were developed to prevent/reduce noise sources in these identified regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

German noise action plans aim to reduce negative health outcomes from noise exposure and identify quiet areas free of noise pollution. Quiet area identification in German noise action plans is based primarily on noise mapping and spatial analysis and not empirical or qualitative data about acoustic environments, thus leaving a gap in the understanding of the quality of formally recognized quiet areas in noise action plans. This work presents a comparative empirical case study in Dortmund, Germany, with the aim to describe the diurnal dB(A) and biophonic properties of quiet areas versus noise 'hot spots'. Sound observations (n = 282,764) were collected in five different natural or recreational land use patch types larger than four acres within 33 proposed quiet areas in Dortmund (n = 70) and 23 noise hot spots between 27 April 2022 and 2 March 2023. We found that quiet areas are on average more than 20 dB(A) quieter than noise hot spots almost every hour of the day. Forests, managed tree stands, cemeteries, and agriculture diel patterns are dominated by dawn dusk chorus in spring and summer, whereas sports and recreation as well as noise hot spots are dominated by traffic and human noise. A novel composite biophony mapping procedure is presented that finds distinct temporal distribution of biophony in forested and agriculture peri-urban locations positively associated with patch size, distance away from LDEN > 55, proximity to water, and the number of vegetation layers in the plant community. Anthrophony distribution dominates urban land uses in all hours of the day but expands during the day and evening and contracts at night and in dusk hours. The procedures presented here illustrate how qualitative information regarding quiet areas can be integrated into German noise action planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental noise is a major environmental concern in metropolitan cities. The rapid social and economic growth in the 20th century is not always accompanied by adequate land planning and environmental management measures. As a consequence of rapid urbanization processes, cities are facing an increase in noise pollution. Noise is being recognized as a serious environmental problem and one which must be accounted for in a sustained development policy designed to improve the quality of life for citizens. Therefore, the monitoring of noise is a crucial aspect of urban planning to allow urban planners to create harmonious and livable environments for communities worldwide. This research aims at assessing the noise levels and associated sources of noise in downtown areas through the involvement of crowdsourcing techniques. The incorporation of noise mapping and increased public awareness are achieved by a framework that enables a comparative scheme between two cities: Alexandria, Egypt and Zagreb, Croatia. The methodology depends on combining crowdsourcing techniques using mobile applications and geographic information system (GIS) tools to detect and analyze noise. Finally, this research provides a comparison between the two cities using the adopted methodology and introduces recommendations to enhance urban planning decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study presents an investigation into the utilization of artificial neural networks (ANN) and multiple linear regression model (MLR) for the prediction of traffic noise levels in various locations of Dhanbad city at varying intervals. Traffic noise indices measurements were carried out using sound pressure level meter (SLM). The prediction of equivalent A-weighted sound level (LAeq) and the sound level exceeding 10 percent of the time (L10) is carried out using various influencing factors such as number of cars, number of 2 wheelers, number of 3 wheelers, number of heavy vehicle, number of medium commercial vehicles, and traffic speed. The findings demonstrate the ANN model's proficiency in comparison of MLR model for providing precise prediction accuracy of traffic noise indices with a R2 of 0.94 for LAeq and 0.91 for L10. Furthermore, the frequency spectrum analysis reveals that high peaks were observed at lower frequencies ranging from 31.5 Hz to 50 Hz, middle frequencies from 500 to 800 Hz and higher frequencies from 3.5 kHz to 5 kHz. The noise maps at varying intervals revealed that most of the locations are having higher noise levels due to increase in vehicular movement. The study emphasizes on the potential significance of the proposed neural network-based prediction model in collaboration with noise mapping as a vital tool for the anticipation of traffic noise levels and the formulation of noise mitigation strategies in context of the mid-sized smart city like Dhanbad, India.

The present study reports the analysis of hourly equivalent noise levels of 100 sites in the NCT (National Capital Territory) of Delhi and correlates with the community perception that has not been reported so far. The study presents the environmental noise scenario of 100 sites in the NCT of Delhi, India, including 19 commercial, 9 industrial, 16 residential, 43 silence zones, 3 highway sites, and 10 intersection sites. The hourly equivalent noise levels of 100 sites were monitored at various timings between 9 AM and 8 PM to analyze the environmental noise pollution scenario in the city. Along with the hourly equivalent continuous sound levels (LAeq, 1 h); 10-percentile exceeded sound levels (L10), Traffic Noise Index (TNI), Noise Climate (NC), and Noise Pollution Level (NPL) of these sites were also computed. The LAeq, 1 h levels varied from 66.5 to 84.7 dB(A), and majority of the sites (90.0% sites) exhibited LAeq, 1 h between 70 and 80 dB(A). A noise map was developed in addition to a socio-acoustic survey conducted to analyze the public perception toward noise pollution and associated health hazards. The study revealed that road traffic noise along with honking noise is the major dominant source of noise pollution. It shall be very helpful in recommending appropriate noise control strategies for abatement and control of environmental noise pollution in the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Noise pollution is one of the important environmental problems brought about by accelerating urbanization, especially in Altınordu, which is the central district, following the granting of metropolitan status to Ordu province. The number of noise sources such as motor vehicles that contribute to noise pollution is increasing day by day due to the increasing urban population. The Ordu University Cumhuriyet Campus, located on one of the important transportation routes of the Black Sea, can be adversely affected by traffic-related noise pollution. Studies show that high sound pressure levels significantly reduce the efficiency of education in university campuses where education and training activities are carried out at the undergraduate and graduate level. In this context, our study determines the temporal and spatial distribution of the environmental noise level in the case of the Ordu University Cumhuriyet Campus. For this purpose, sound pressure levels were measured in the morning (9.00-10.00), at noon (12.00-13.00) and in the evening (16.00-17.00) throughout the week at pre-determined 25 points in the campus. The obtained data were processed in the geographic information system software and noise maps of the campus were created, and the differences in the noise level on the campus were evaluated with statistical methods. It was determined that the main noise source directly affecting the campus was the E70 highway during the week and only human mobility on weekdays. There is a high negative correlation between the distance to the highway and the equivalent noise level measured in the campus. The highest equivalent noise level average in the campus was recorded at the weekend with 70.3 dB(A) in the north of the campus. The lowest noise level with 40.2 dB(A) was measured in the rectorate parking lot located in the south of the campus at the weekend. In line with the findings of the study, structural and vegetative solutions have been proposed to prevent noise in areas above the legal noise level. The results of the study and the suggestions developed are important in terms of being a guide for university administrators to keep noise levels at reasonable levels. With the implementation of the action plans in line with the suggestions developed, a more convenient learning environment for the students and a more peaceful working environment for the university staff will be created on the campus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determination of health hazards of noise pollution is a challenge for any developing city intersection. The people working at roadside open-air shops or near the congested roads of any intersection face intense noise pollution. It becomes very difficult to efficiently determine the hazards of noise on the health of people living near the intersection. An attempt was made to determine the noise-induced health hazards of the developing city of Bahadurpur, UP, India. The noise levels were monitored over 17 station points of the intersection for three months at different times of the day. Equivalent noise level (Leq) maps were determined within an accuracy of ±4dB. Areas adjacent to intersections indicated noise exposure levels close to 100 dB. Health hazards for the people of the intersection were determined through the testing of auditory and non-auditory health parameters for 100 people. A total of 75–92% of the people who work/live near the noisy intersection were found to be suffering from hearing impairment, tinnitus, sleep disturbance, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, etc. Whether the recorded health hazards were indeed related to noise exposure was confirmed by testing the health parameters of people from the nearby and less noisy area of Pure Ganga. The nearby site reported mild hazards to the health of the population. An alarming level of hearing impairment was prevalent in the noisy Bahadurpur intersection (79–95%) compared to the same in Pure Ganga (13–30%). The estimated noise-induced health hazards were also compared for noisy and less-noisy study sites using ANOVA statistics. The results suggested that the health hazards reported in the two sites are not similar. Further, the severe hazards to people's health at the underdeveloped intersection were found to be primarily caused by the intense exposure to noise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism and the city are in a mutual relationship. Tourism affects the city and is affected by the city. In this context, smart environments that focus on the environment and quality of life come to the forefront in ensuring sustainability in tourism. In sustainable smart environments, noise pollution and control are important in terms of producing plan decisions and determining design criteria. In the study, it was aimed to obtain basic data for the measures to reduce and distribute the noise effect by mapping the noise caused by tourism density in Amasra, which is a small-scale touristic coastal town. In this context, noise maps were created by measuring the noise levels caused by tourism density for the city of Amasra, which is a touristic coastal settlement. In order to determine the noise levels, a total of 15 points were randomly selected, taking into account the proximity to urban uses such as hotels and restaurants as well as urban units such as avenues, streets, open spaces, or squares, provided that they are from various places in the city. Measurements were made regularly on weekdays and weekends in July. As a result of the data obtained, noise pollution levels for the city of Amasra were mapped for different situations (morning, noon, evening, weekdays, weekend, July general) using the Inverse Distance Weighting method. As a result of the measurements and maps prepared, it has been determined that the noise levels of the areas where the vehicle road, parking lot use, shopping and food and beverage places are located are mainly high. Finally, measures for noise control within the scope of sustainable smart environment were created in the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Graduate School of Natural & Applied Sciences of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University / Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The long‐term effect of noise pollution is a serious environmental concern for those living near the road due to numerous anthropogenic activities. A calibrated sound level meter was used to assess the noise levels in a semi‐urban area known as Basudevpur Town (16 squares) in March 2021. A sample of the general public (126) was taken and interviewed using a questionnaire to find out how they felt about noise pollution and its impact on their health. A relationship between demographic characteristics and public health issues was discovered in the current investigation. The ANNOVA test was used to determine the association between noise exposure and the probable impacts of this noise exposure on this town, and the Chi‐square test in SPSS 20.0 was utilized to study the relationships between demographic character and irritation. The study reveals that the noise levels were greater than the CPCB's permissible limit for Indian road conditions. The primary source of noise, according to the study, is road traffic noise. The impact of noise pollution on the public's sleep problem was also analyzed. In order to limit noise pollution and its influence on public health, proper administrative planning is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Noise pollution is increasing across the world due to the increase in human activities in the urban areas. The main causes of noise pollution are man-made and environmental noise. However, long exposure to noise pollution could lead to dire health consequences like cardiovascular diseases, hearing impairment, sleep disturbances, and adverse social behavior etc., which is rarely documented in the study area. Objective: Communities in the developing countries such as Ghana have little knowledge of effects of noise pollution on human health, which is demonstrated by their attitude towards this menace. This study assessed the health impacts of noise pollution and its spatial distribution in the Tarkwa Mining Community (TMC) of Ghana. Methods: To achieve the study objective, questionnaires were administered; as well as collation of health data from major health centers in the study area. Noise levels were measured and noise map produced using geographic information system (GIS) techniques. Overlay maps of some diseases were done using overlay techniques in GIS. The noise exposure and corresponding noise doses for churches, working sites and social centers were also calculated using the respective formulae. Results: The noise levels were found to be high above the prescribed Ghana Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards, with traffic noise levels ranging from 65.00 dBA to 98 dBA, while that of churches ranged from 73.10 dBA to 107.00 dBA and that of working sites from 74.4 dBA to 115.2 dBA. The calculated noise exposure and corresponding noise dose for churches ranged from 75.1 dBA to 104.6 dBA (i.e., 10%‒8 000%), while that for workers’ sites were from 75.8 dBA to 115 dBA (i.e., 12%‒90 000%). Statistical regression and correlation analyses were done for diseases such as hypertension, ear problems and sleep disturbances. Conclusion: The study has therefore revealed that the noise levels in the study area are very high and corresponding health impacts are prominent. Stakeholders and authorities should devise mitigating measures to combat this rising menace. The results revealed a strong positive correlation between noise and corresponding health impacts. Despite the positive correlation there are other causes and effects to the mentioned diseases.

This study mapped the distribution of noise levels within University of Jos and determined the intensity of noise at various locations within the campus at different times and days of the week. Findings were compared with the World Health Organization standards for noise levels. Major sources of noise were identified. The noise level peak days, times and places were determined and control measures recommended. A total of seventeen monitoring locations within University of Jos were selected based on land use. Three readings were obtained using a sound level meter at interval of one hour: in the morning, at noon and in the evening for a week. Results were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and Microsoft Excel. ArcGIS software was used to perform IDW (Inverse Distance Weighted) interpolation of the spatial distribution of noise levels in the study area. Traffic and students constituted the major sources of noise in the study environment. High noise levels above the standard limits were recorded at all selected points except for the Staff Quarters with an average value of 53.4 dB in the morning. This value was below the standard noise limit of 55 dB for residential area but above the standard limit of 50 dB for educational area. This study recommends that in order to manage and control noise pollution, the University should reassign incompatible land uses, build sound proof walls, plant trees around and within the school campus, so that noise pollution would be minimized and not interfere with academic activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article is addressing the problem of street noise investigation in urban agglomeration and the simulation of protection devices against noise. Noise levels were measured in the vicinity of the national road in Bieruń, Silesia in Poland. The publication attempts to assess the acoustic climate between a roundabout and an intersection. Based on the measured noise, the acoustic mapping was made in the SoundPlan program. The range of noise impact from the examined road section was determined. Finally, two concepts of preventive measures limiting the excessive impacts on the environment were presented, along with the indication of the impact on building development, business operations as well as transport links and traffic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Noise pollution assessment was carried out in selected traffic junctions of Imphal city of Manipur, India, using noise parameters and indices such as L10, L50, L90, Leq for the different periods of the day, i.e., morning, noon, and evening hours. The study of equivalent noise level (Leq), noise parameters, and various noise indices have enabled the evaluation of the overall traffic noise environment of the city. The noise indices such as traffic noise index (TNI), noise climate (NC), traffic noise pollution level (LNP), noise exposure index (NEI) along with day time (LD), night time (LN) average, and day-night (Ldn) noise levels were assessed for the selected traffic junctions. Moreover, spatial noise mapping was carried out using the geostatistical interpolation technique to evaluate the changes of traffic noise scenarios during the different time zones of the day. The Leq values in a few traffic junctions exceeded the required noise standards. The study shows equivalent noise levels ranging between 52.2-69.9 dB(A) during the morning (7-10 am), 52.4 -69.3 dB(A) during noon (12 noon-2 pm), and 54.6-71.1 dB(A) during the evening (4-7 pm) hours, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives : Noise pollution in Chittagong City of Bangladesh is a big concern because of huge population growth and urbanization. The objective of the study was to evaluate and mapping the noise levels in twelve locations of this city at different periods. Methods : Noise level data were collected at various locations by a precision grade sound level meter and the noise pollution parameters (Lmin, LAeq,2h and Lmax) were calculated. Furthermore, the noise pollution maps of Chittagong City were developed using geographical information system to address the locations which are prone to the environmental hazards. Results and discussion : The study revealed that the average noise levels were 64.6, 76.9, and 75.5 dB(A) for residential, commercial and silence zones, respectively. The interpolated noise maps showed that noise environment of this city was unsatisfactory, especially, in the areas of New Market, Nasirabad, and Bawa School & College were exposed to high noise pollutions. The afternoon and evening periods were experiencing higher noise pollution in the commercial and silence zones than the morning period of the day. Conclusions : The study suggests that the noise levels are above the acceptable limit and hence urgent measures should be taken into consideration to control the level of noise pollution in the city.

Background: Noise pollution is increasing across the world due to the increase in human activities in the urban areas. The main causes of noise pollution are man-made and environmental noise. However, long exposure to noise pollution could lead to dire health consequences like cardiovascular diseases, hearing impairment, sleep disturbances, and adverse social behavior etc., which is rarely documented in the study area. Objective: Communities in the developing countries such as Ghana have little knowledge of effects of noise pollution on human health, which is demonstrated by their attitude towards this menace. This study assessed the health impacts of noise pollution and its spatial distribution in the Tarkwa Mining Community (TMC) of Ghana. Methods: To achieve the study objective, questionnaires were administered; as well as collation of health data from major health centers in the study area. Noise levels were measured and noise map produced using geographic information system (GIS) techniques. Overlay maps of some diseases were done using overlay techniques in GIS. The noise exposure and corresponding noise doses for churches, working sites and social centers were also calculated using the respective formulae. Results: The noise levels were found to be high above the prescribed Ghana Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards, with traffic noise levels ranging from 65.00 dBA to 98 dBA, while that of churches ranged from 73.10 dBA to 107.00 dBA and that of working sites from 74.4 dBA to 115.2 dBA. The calculated noise exposure and corresponding noise dose for churches ranged from 75.1 dBA to 104.6 dBA (i.e., 10% ‒8 000%), while that for workers' sites were from 75.8 dBA to 115 dBA (i.e., 12% ‒90 000%). Statistical regression and correlation analyses were done for diseases such as hypertension, ear problems and sleep disturbances. Conclusion: The study has therefore revealed that the noise levels in the study area are very high and corresponding health impacts are prominent. Stakeholders and authorities should devise mitigating measures to combat this rising menace. The results revealed a strong positive correlation between noise and corresponding health impacts. Despite the positive correlation there are other causes and effects to the mentioned diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Noise mapping can be effective in visualizing and monitoring noise pollution levels in industrial facilities. Therefore, this study aims to measure the occupational noise at a concrete block-making factory, create hazard noise maps, assess the potential impact on employees, and to suggest appropriate Hearing-Loss Prevention Program. The noise levels at 42-mesh points distributed over all the production area are measured using a sound level meter, then Geostatistics technique is used to generate temporary noise contour maps. The daily noise dose and Time-Weighted Average noise levels are calculated. The results revealed that the Time-Weighted Average noise level at all points, based on 8-h exposure, is higher than the Recommended Exposure Limit of 85 dBA set by NIOSH. Moreover, the daily noise dose is extremely higher than 100%. Based on the results of this work, a Hearing-Loss Prevention Program is suggested, where short-term and long-term circulations of workers are advised. Additionally, it is found that, if the employees wear earplugs with Noise Reduction Ratings of 31 dB everywhere in the production area, their daily noise dose can be kept within the safe limit; however, employees working in the control room and close to the noise source are required to wear dual hearing protection device to further reduce their daily noise dose over 8-h noise exposure. The results from this case study confirmed that noise mapping can provide decision-makers with the necessary information to control and maintain safe noise exposure levels in any manufacturing plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The road traffic noise is the main source of noise pollution, posing a major threat to the quality of life. Noise mapping is a useful tool for urban planning, as it can be used to assess traffic management alternatives, in order to reduce the level of noise. This study aims to compare the results of noise modelling using a technique based on the traffic flowin a particular area with the results of noise measurements conducted in the same area and in the same period of time, in order to assess the accuracy of noise modelling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We review a Dynamap European Life project whose main scope was the design, commissioning, and actual implementation of "real-time" acoustic maps in a district of the city of Milan (District 9, or Z9, composed of about 2000 road stretches), by employing a small number of noise monitoring stations within the urban zone. Dynamap is based on the idea of finding suitable sets of roads displaying similar daily traffic noise behavior, so that one can group them together into single dynamical noise maps. The Dynamap sensor network has been built upon twenty-four monitoring stations, which have been permanently installed in appropriate locations within the pilot zone Z9, by associating four sensors to each one of the six group of roads considered. In order to decide which road stretches belong to a group, a non-acoustic parameter is used, which is obtained from a traffic flow model of the city, developed and tested over the years by the "Enviroment, Mobility and Territory Agency" of Milan (EMTA). The fundamental predictive equation of Dynamap, for the local equivalent noise level at a given site, can be built by using real-time data provided by the monitoring sensors. In addition, the corresponding contributions of six static traffic noise maps, associated with the six group of roads, are required. The static noise maps can be calculated from the Cadna noise model, based on EMTA road traffic data referred to the 'rush-hour' (8:00–9:00 a.m.), when the road traffic flow is maximum and the model most accurate. A further analysis of road traffic noise measurements, performed over the whole city of Milan, has provided a more accurate description of road traffic noise behavior by using a clustering approach. It is found that essentially just two mean cluster hourly noise profiles are sufficient to represent the noise profile at any site location within the zone. In order words, one can use the 24 monitoring stations data to estimate the local noise variations at a single site in real time. The different steps in the construction of the network are described in detail, and several validation tests are presented in support of the Dynamap performance, leading to an overall error of about 3 dB. The present work ends with a discussion of how to improve the design of the network further, based on the calculation of the cross-correlations between monitoring stations' noise data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Noise pollution is a major problem nowadays. In urban context, road traffic is the main source of noise pollution. People directly exposed to road traffic noise suffer from moderate to severe annoyance, headache, stress, feeling of exhaustion, and reduced work performance efficiency. As the sources and severity of noise pollution continue to grow, new approaches are needed to reduce the exposure. In this research, noise abatement has been investigated using a computer simulation model (SoundPLAN essential 4.0). Noise maps were developed using SoundPLAN essential 4.0 software. Noise maps are very beneficial to identify the impact of noise pollution. Data required for mapping are noise data (LAeq), road inventory data, geometric features of mapping area, category wise traffic counts, category wise vehicle speed, meteorological data such as wind velocity, humidity, temperature, air pressure. LAeq observed on all locations of the Central zone of Surat city was greater than the prescribed central pollution control board (CPCB) limits during day time and night time. This paper is focused on using acoustic software for the simulation and calculation methods of controlling the traffic noise. According to the characteristics of traffic noise and the techniques of noise reduction, road traffic noise maps were developed using SoundPLAN essential 4.0 software to predict the scope of road traffic noise. On this basis, four reasonable noise control schemes were used to control noise, and the feasibility and application effect of these control schemes can be verified by using the method of simulation modelling. The simulation results show that LAeq is reduced by up to 5 dB(A). The excess noise can be efficiently reduced by using the corresponding noise reduction methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Road traffic noise pollution has been recognized as a serious issue which affects human health as well as affects urban regions. Noise maps are very beneficial to identify the impact of noise pollution. A noise mapping study performed to study the propagation of noise in tier-II city along with field measurements. The noise maps are developed using a computer simulation model (SoundPLAN essential 4.0 software). The noise prediction models like U.K's CoRTN, Germany's RLS-90, and their modified versions, which can be used for homogenous road traffic conditions, cannot be successfully applied in heterogeneous road traffic conditions of India. In developing country like India, road traffic noise pollution depends on the composition of heterogeneous traffic volume, variance in road geometrical, honking conditions, un-authorized parking, and varying density of the building on either side of the road. These traffic compositions contain vehicles, which have different sizes, speeds variations, a different dimension of vehicles. Because of fluctuating speeds, lack of lane disciplines, and un-authorized parking on main road lanes, honking events becomes inevitable, which changes and affects the urban soundscape of nations like India. Analysis of noise maps showed that horn honking due to un-authorized parked vehicles contributed an additional increase up to 11 dB (A) noise, which is quite significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In open-cast mines, noise pollution has become a serious concern due to the extreme use of heavy earth moving machinery (HEMM). Materials and Methods: This study is focused to measure and assess the effects of the existing noise levels of major operational mines in the Keonjhar, Sundergadh, and Mayurbhanj districts of Odisha, India. The transportation noise levels were also considered in this study, which was predicted using the modified Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) model. Result and Discussion: It was observed that noise induced by HEMM such as rock breakers, jackhammers, dumpers, and excavators, blasting noise in the mining terrain, as well as associated transportation noise became a major source of annoyance to the habitants living in proximity to the mines. The noise produced by mechanized mining operations was observed between 74.3 and 115.2 dB(A), and its impact on residential areas was observed between 49.4 and 58.9 dB(A). In addition, the noise contour maps of sound level dispersion were demonstrated with the utilization of advanced noise prediction software tools for better understanding. Conclusion: Finally, the predicted values at residential zone and traffic noise are correlated with observed values, and the coefficient of determination, R2, was calculated to be 0.6891 and 0.5967, respectively.

Noise pollution has become the second major environmental issue after the air pollution. It negatively affects public health,animal and plant growth,that therefore seriously hinders the sustainable development of ecological environment. To obtain detailed noise distribution information,several countries have launched the noise mapping strategic action. This paper first summarizes the development roadmap of environmental noise sensing technologies in China,and discusses its current state. Then,a comprehensive survey of recent developments on acoustic sensor networks is provided in terms of system architecture,low-cost sensor node design,sound taxonomy and classification,as well as energy harvesting and mobile sound sensing. Based on that analysis,four open issues regarding energy-efficient sensing,lightweight sound noise identification,dependable wireless multimedia transmission and node deployment are identified. Finally,some insights for future research directions are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We review a Dynamap European Life project whose main scope was the design, commissioning, and actual implementation of “real-time” acoustic maps in a district of the city of Milan (District 9, or Z9, composed of about 2000 road stretches), by employing a small number of noise monitoring stations within the urban zone. Dynamap is based on the idea of finding suitable sets of roads displaying similar daily traffic noise behavior, so that one can group them together into single dynamical noise maps. The Dynamap sensor network has been built upon twenty-four monitoring stations, which have been permanently installed in appropriate locations within the pilot zone Z9, by associating four sensors to each one of the six group of roads considered. In order to decide which road stretches belong to a group, a non-acoustic parameter is used, which is obtained from a traffic flow model of the city, developed and tested over the years by the “Enviroment, Mobility and Territory Agency” of Milan (EMTA). The fundamental predictive equation of Dynamap, for the local equivalent noise level at a given site, can be built by using real-time data provided by the monitoring sensors. In addition, the corresponding contributions of six static traffic noise maps, associated with the six group of roads, are required. The static noise maps can be calculated from the Cadna noise model, based on EMTA road traffic data referred to the ‘rush-hour’ (8:00–9:00 a.m.), when the road traffic flow is maximum and the model most accurate. A further analysis of road traffic noise measurements, performed over the whole city of Milan, has provided a more accurate description of road traffic noise behavior by using a clustering approach. It is found that essentially just two mean cluster hourly noise profiles are sufficient to represent the noise profile at any site location within the zone. In order words, one can use the 24 monitoring stations data to estimate the local noise variations at a single site in real time. The different steps in the construction of the network are described in detail, and several validation tests are presented in support of the Dynamap performance, leading to an overall error of about 3 dB. The present work ends with a discussion of how to improve the design of the network further, based on the calculation of the cross-correlations between monitoring stations’ noise data.

Background: The potentially negative effects of timber harvesting on biodiversity and habitat conservation leads to the consideration of a wide range of restrictions to forest logging in natural areas. In particular, high noise levels produced by forest machinery present a challenge to developing sustainable forest management plans. The Cinereous vulture (Aegypius monachus), the largest bird of prey whose nests are located in mature trees, is considered to be appropriate as an indicator species for environment-friendly forest planning. In this work, we evaluated spatially differences in sound propagation between stands. We hypothesized that differences due to the influence of orography in mountainous forests would allow the relaxation of spatial and temporary restrictions to timber logging, without causing any great disturbance at nesting sites of sensitive species. Methods: Our study was conducted in a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) forest of Spain, where an important colony of the Western European population of Cinereous vulture is located. We built 62 noise maps to characterize noise pollution due to tree logging at planning level. We modeled two different scenarios, in order to characterize; (i) the effect of a chainsaw operator during a complete cycle for felling a tree (Scenario 1), and (ii) the effect of the peak level produced by the breaking noise emitted by the trunk of the tree and its impact on the ground (Scenario 2). A strategy of three logical steps was designed; (i) landscape-scale analysis of noise propagation in stands, (ii) hierarchical cluster analysis of stands, (iii) assessment of the potentially significant influence of noise management in timber harvesting. Results: The minimum distance (DIST) from chainsaw operator sites to the 40 dB(A) contour lines was the only variable that had a significant influence on the clustering results. On the other hand, mean values of a newly proposed metric called average radius or radial distance (ARD) oscillated between 174 m in cluster #1 (Scenario 1) and 407 m in cluster #2 (Scenario 2). Discussion: Our results highlight the convenience of considering noise modeling tools at a forest planning level in order to address the compatibility of forest logging and the necessity of protecting nature. We found that spatial propagation of noise made by chainsaws at felling sites does not differ between stands even in a mountainous terrain, contrary to what we initially hypothesized. However, temporary logging restrictions could be excluded in about 36% of the current conditioned management areas according to ARD results in Scenario 2 (400 m). This proposal could be based on a sound pressure level (in decibels) criteria instead of conventional buffer protection distance criteria. In addition, it is suggested that the current size of restricted management areas could be generally extended from a 100 m radius to a 200 m one around the Cinereous vulture nest sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental noise pollution, a form of air pollution, is a threat to health and well-being. The primary aim of this study was to determine noise pollution in the urban part of the city of Banja Luka in Jovana Dučića Street (Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH)) by evaluating noise levels in the street. The aim of this research is also to compare the measured noise levels in the street with legislation. The measured values exceeded the level of noise allowed. Results indicated that noise level values in this area near health institution are alarming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In open-cast mines, noise pollution has become a serious concern due to the extreme use of heavy earth moving machinery (HEMM).Materials and Methods: This study is focused to measure and assess the effects of the existing noise levels of major operational mines in the Keonjhar, Sundergadh, and Mayurbhanj districts of Odisha, India. The transportation noise levels were also considered in this study, which was predicted using the modified Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) model.Result and Discussion: It was observed that noise induced by HEMM such as rock breakers, jackhammers, dumpers, and excavators, blasting noise in the mining terrain, as well as associated transportation noise became a major source of annoyance to the habitants living in proximity to the mines. The noise produced by mechanized mining operations was observed between 74.3 and 115.2 dB(A), and its impact on residential areas was observed between 49.4 and 58.9 dB(A). In addition, the noise contour maps of sound level dispersion were demonstrated with the utilization of advanced noise prediction software tools for better understanding.Conclusion: Finally, the predicted values at residential zone and traffic noise are correlated with observed values, and the coefficient of determination, R2, was calculated to be 0.6891 and 0.5967, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an approach to dust and noise environmental impact assessment and control in Serbian mine planning theory and practice. Mine planning defines the model of mining operations, production and processing rates, and ore excavation and dumping scheduling, including spatial positioning for all these activities. The planning process then needs to assess the impact of these mining activities on environmental quality. This task can be successfully completed with contemporary models for assessment of suspended particles dispersion and noise propagation. In addition to that, this approach enables verification of the efficiency of suggested protection measures for reduction or elimination of identified impact. A case study of dust and noise management at the Bor copper mine is presented, including the analysis of the efficiency of planned protection measures from dust and noise, within long-term mine planning at the Veliki Krivelj and Cerovo open pits of the Bor copper mine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a temporal sampling strategy that increases the accuracy of long-term noise level estimation and allows to establish the estimation error according to the number of sampled days. Days of the week are stratified into working days and weekend days. This research shows how to use measurements of L e q on working days to estimate the corresponding values for weekend days. This is possible because working days have higher noise levels and less variability than weekend days. The improvement in accuracy allows for a reduction in the number of required sampled days compared to taking samples randomly, which would help to reduce the uncertainty in environmental noise assessment. As a reference, to obtain a 90% confidence interval of ± 1 dB for L d a y , the proposed sampling strategy reduces the required measurement days by more than 38%. For L D E N , the reduction is close to 18% of the total number of days. The proposed strategy could be adapted to different environments by simply changing a few parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Noise pollution may have negative impacts on human health and environmental. The primary aim of this study is was to determine and mapping the noise pollution in the urban part of the city Banja Luka in Bulevar Cara Dušana by evaluating noise levels in the boulevards. The aim of this investigation is also compare measured noise levels in the boulevards with legislation. The measured values exceeded the level of noise allowed. Because they are at all measuring points at study area mixing two zones I (hospital, rehabilitation) and III (trading, business, housing and housing next to traffic corridors, warehouses excluding heavy transport) it can be concluded that the noise level values in this area are alarming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Noise, defined as 'unwanted sound', is perceived as an environmental stressor and nuisance. Noise pollution is a significant environmental problem in many urban areas. Noise is serious ecological problem with the beginning of industrialization at the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th centuries. Urbanization, economic growth and transport are some of the driving forces for environmental noise exposure and health effects. There are a small number of noise researches in our country. The aim of this study is was to analysing and mapping noise pollution in the urban part of the city Banja Luka in Sime Matavulja Street by evaluating noise levels in the street. The aim of this investigation is also compare measured noise levels with legislation. The measured values level of noise in this area is alarming. Based on the measurements, analysis and created noise maps, it is necessary to reduce the speed of the vehicle, increase control of vehicle exhaust systems and prohibit motorcycle riding without built-in silencers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

İstanbul is the most prominent Turkish city in terms of the gradually worsening noise problems associated with the rapid increase in population. This study aims to investigate the noise exposure in the settlements around the link roads connecting the Bosporus Bridge to the European side of the city by the aid of simulations and noise mapping, in the frame of action planning studies performed in İstanbul. Noise maps were generated for Lden and Ln noise indicators with the help of a noise mapping software. Since a considerable part of the settlements is exposed to high noise levels, a noise barrier alongside the link road was proposed as a control measure by the aid of the acoustic simulation. Simulations with the noise barriers suggest that for the Lden time interval the noise affected area over 55 dba would reduce by 10%, the number of dwellings by 26% and the number of inhabitants by 25%, whereas for the Ln time interval the noise affected area over 45 dba would reduce by 5%, the number of dwellings by 20% and the number of inhabitants by 20%.

The present research conducted in the city of Biskra focuses on the relationship that can exists between urban morphology and road noise distribution. Ten community-housing areas have been investigated in order to evaluate their noisescape, using noise-mapping method. The connection between the morphological characteristics and road noise distribution using Pearson correlation tests, showed a strong relationship between the two. The results of this research indicate that the urban morphology has a significant impact on the noisescape. Acoustic environment at urban scale represents therefore an important challenge for the urban designers and planners at early design stage for a sustainable and healthy urban environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the time being, acoustic impact to human inhabited areas has significantly increased. Imported methods of urban noise reduction are acoustic monitoring and noise mapping of urban territories. Important measures which allow for reductions of negative noise impact are acoustic monitoring and noise mapping of urban territories. The peculiarities and negative features of existing methods of monitoring of acoustic pollution have been considered. New methods of monitoring, using automated systems are suggested, allowing the undertaking of continuous measurements of noise, and of the other parameters in the environment. A new approach to noise mapping is suggested. New approaches to monitoring of acoustic pollution are approbated in conditions of the urban territory of Samara region of Russia. By using the results of noise measurements and developing a program provision, noise maps of the urban territory of Samara region have been developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electric vehicle is the best-positioned alternative to the ICE conventional vehicle become of, among other reasons, its environment friendly properties. One of its most significant properties is its quiet electric engine which can be a good tool for decreasing noise pollution in cities. In this respect, the electric vehicle can be acoustically assessed from different points of view; on the one hand, as a moving point source, its detectability or annoyance for pedestrians can be studied, and, on the other hand, as part of the traffic flow in a road its effect on the whole noise map. In this paper the effect of introducing a flow of electric vehicles into real urban traffic has been studied and quantified. For this purpose, experimental procedures were used to add to the NMPB ROUTES noise prediction model of the electric vehicle as a potential noise source in the traffic flow. Several conditions have been analysed and was evaluated the change in the number of citizens exposed to diverse ranges of noise levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is, via employing SoundPLAN 7.3 software, to model the noise pollution that Tarsus-Adana-Gaziantep (TAG) Highway passing through Adana city induces in Adana city center and to designate the ratio of population exposed to the noise. The study was executed in an area extending from a 17 km-route of TAG Highway passing through Adana city center and 1900.62 ha area that surrounding 500 m north and 500 m south directions of this particular route. The geographical data around the TAG Highway was used to prepare elevation, open-space area, greenfield site, residential building, hospital and school layers in “SoundPLAN 7.3” software. Vehicles data were collected at varying intervals: morning, evening and night in both summer and winter. Noise distribution maps of study area was concocted and assessed as per the Regulation on the Assessment and Management of Environmental Noise issued to prevent noise pollution in Turkey and became effective as of 04.06.2010 upon proclaiming on 27601 no Official Gazette. Subject to the volume of traffic on TAG Highway, it was designated that noise distribution indicated higher scores during summer period in comparison to winter period for the entire set of time-zones. It was found that 63% of the land area of the research area (0.5% of the land area of the Adana city center) exceeds the threshold of 68 dB(A) during daytime in summer. Nearly 5% of the population in Adana city center (16.5% of the population in research area) is exposed to noise levels greater than 68 dB(A). At the night time, 12.5% of the population in Adana city center (45.3% of the population in research area) is exposed to 58 dB(A) or higher noise levels. Comparing the noise level obtained in this study to the standard level, it can be obviously concluded that the noise levels are higher than that of acceptable levels in most parts of the research area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

İstanbul is the most prominent Turkish city in terms of the gradually worsening noise problems associated with the rapid increase in population. This study aims to investigate the noise exposure in the settlements around the link roads connecting the Bosporus Bridge to the European side of the city by the aid of simulations and noise mapping, in the frame of action planning studies performed in İstanbul. Noise maps were generated for Ldenand Lnnoise indicators with the help of a noise mapping software. Since a considerable part of the settlements is exposed to high noise levels, a noise barrier alongside the link road was proposed as a control measure by the aid of the acoustic simulation. Simulations with the noise barriers suggest that for the Ldentime interval the noise affected area over 55 dBA would reduce by 10%, the number of dwellings by 26% and the number of inhabitants by 25%, whereas for the Lntime interval the noise affected area over 45 dBA would reduce by 5%, the number of dwellings by 20% and the number of inhabitants by 20%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]