82,931 results
Search Results
102. Review Paper on Noise Control in Industry
- Author
-
M. B. Kumthekar, Prashant Bamane, and Om Parkash Sharma
- Subjects
Reduction (complexity) ,Noise ,Noise reduction coefficient ,Computer science ,Noise reduction ,Function generator ,Noise control ,Metre ,Industrial noise ,Automotive engineering - Abstract
Higher noise level in heavy industries is harmful for workers. It causes ill effects like hearing loss, tired, weakness, higher blood pressure on health of industrial workers. Therefore, to improve the environment of the workplace and reduce unwanted noise in industries it is very important to find out effective and harmless noise control methods. The research work was conducted to investigate use of natural materials for industrial noise reduction to give effective solution for existing industrial noise problem .specimens having size of 75 mm (dia.) and 12.5mm, 25mm (thick.) were cast. Noise reduction coefficients of prepared specimens were calculated by using an experimental set-up. Experimental set-up consisted Noise level meter, function generator, speaker. Noise reduction capacity of materials was calculated by using Noise reduction coefficient (NRC). Effectiveness of natural materials for industrial noise reduction is discussed in this paper.
- Published
- 2019
103. [Regular Paper] Stochastic Non-minimal State Space Control with Application to Automated Drug Delivery
- Author
-
C. James Taylor, Quentin Clairon, and Emma Wilson
- Subjects
Stochastic control ,0209 industrial biotechnology ,State variable ,Computer science ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,State vector ,02 engineering and technology ,Kalman filter ,Noise ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Control theory ,Control system ,021105 building & construction ,State space - Abstract
This paper shows how a standard proportional-integral-plus controller, based on a non-minimal state space (NMSS) design, can be extended to reduce the effects of measurement noise and so yield smoother control inputs for automated drug delivery control applications. Use of a NMSS model for state variable feedback control design, in which all the states are based on the directly measured input and output variables, removes the need for state estimation. Nonetheless, a stochastic NMSS form, with a Kalman filter, can optionally be introduced to reduce the effect of measurement noise and so yield smoother control inputs. In this case, the Kalman filter attenuates measurement noise but does not address state disturbances. In this article, we propose a modification to the stochastic NMSS control system to enable the elimination of such state disturbances. This involves further extending the non–minimal state vector to include additional terms based on the innovations. We compare the deterministic, stochastic and extended stochastic NMSS controllers via a simulation of the control of anaesthesia using propofol.
- Published
- 2018
104. Communication Reducing Diffusion LMS Robust to Impulsive Noise Using Smart Selection of Communication Nodes.
- Author
-
Zayyani, Hadi
- Subjects
BURST noise ,CARRIER transmission on electric lines ,NOISE ,ELECTRONIC paper ,TELECOMMUNICATION systems ,LEAST squares - Abstract
The paper proposes a smart method to remove network nodes that are highly prone to impulse noise and replacing them with a linear combination of existing more reliable nodes. This is done to reduce communication cost. To reduce the communication cost in a network, a common way is to remove some nodes randomly and then replace the intermediate estimation of these nodes by the corresponding node estimation. In this direction, the contribution of this paper is twofold. First, we suggest to remove the nodes smartly by omitting the unreliable nodes prone to impulsive noise. This is done by computing the disturbance induced in the adaptation step of the diffusion least mean square. Second, we replace the estimation of removing nodes by a linear combination of existing estimations of reliable nodes instead of just replacing by the estimation of the corresponding node. Also, the coefficients of linear combination are optimized based on the minimum disturbance principle. Furthermore, the minimum achievable disturbance is calculated mathematically and a necessary and sufficient condition for stability of the proposed algorithm is presented. Finally, the simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed method in comparison with some state-of-the-art algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
105. Cooperative object detection in road traffic 1 1The research for this paper was financially supported by the Hollósi Ferenc Tudástámogató Alapítvány
- Author
-
Olivér Törő, Tamás Bécsi, Szilárd Aradi, and Péter Gáspár
- Subjects
020301 aerospace & aeronautics ,business.industry ,Gaussian ,Recursion (computer science) ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,02 engineering and technology ,Object detection ,Nonlinear system ,Noise ,symbols.namesake ,0203 mechanical engineering ,Control and Systems Engineering ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,symbols ,State space ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,Affine transformation ,business ,Particle filter ,Mathematics - Abstract
Multi-sensor object detection and tracking on a highway scene with radar measurements is presented. The estimation algorithm is the random finite set based Bernoulli filter, working in the Bayesian framework. The recursion for calculating the Bayes estimation is implemented as a particle filter. A method is presented for calculating the likelihoods, suitable for particle filtering performed with moving sensors, assuming additive Gaussian measurement noise. In our approach, for calculating the posterior estimate of the object state, the measurement likelihoods are computed in the state space, instead of the measurement space, by mapping each measurement to the global coordinate system. The map consists of a nonlinear and an affine part. While the affine transformation trivially preserves the Gaussian nature, the nonlinear is well-proven to be approximated as affine too. This approach allows the particles to be drawn directly from the state space, hence the evaluation of the measurement model is not needed, which saves computational power.
- Published
- 2017
106. Noise: Living and Trading in Electronic Finance. By Alex Preda. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2017. Pp. 271. $105.00 (cloth); $35.00 (paper)
- Author
-
Lisa A. Keister
- Subjects
Noise ,Sociology and Political Science ,business.industry ,Electrical engineering ,Economics ,Electronic finance ,business - Published
- 2018
107. Meeting the Conflicting Goals of Low-Power and Resiliency Using Emerging Memories : (Invited Paper)
- Author
-
Karthikeyan Nagarajan, Sina Sayyah Ensan, Swaroop Ghosh, Mohammad Nasim Imtiaz Khan, and Abdullah Ash-Saki
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Hardware_MEMORYSTRUCTURES ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,02 engineering and technology ,Leakage power ,01 natural sciences ,020202 computer hardware & architecture ,Power (physics) ,Reliability engineering ,Footprint ,Noise ,CMOS ,0103 physical sciences ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Psychological resilience ,media_common - Abstract
Emerging non-volatile memory (NVM) technologies are being aggressively explored to replace and/or assist conventional CMOS technology. Although NVMs can cut down leakage power, achieve low footprint and allow compute capability along with storage, they suffer from new sources of variability. We review the noise sources associated with NVMs and describe resilience enhancement techniques for both memory and computing. We also present security applications where noise and variability is desirable.
- Published
- 2019
108. Understanding and Reducing Performance Variation in New Product Development Using Paper Helicopter Experiment
- Author
-
Si-Ung Kim, Yong-Seog Nam, Jai-Hyun Byun, Byung-Cheol Shin, and Sun Min Jeong
- Subjects
Measurement systems analysis ,Engineering ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,System of measurement ,Process design ,Repeatability ,Reliability engineering ,Noise ,New product development ,Quality (business) ,Product (category theory) ,business ,Simulation ,media_common - Abstract
Purpose: In developing new products, reducing performance variation is important for competitiveness factors such as quality, cost, and delivery. This paper aims at evaluating three performance variations; measurement, performance evaluation, and manufacturing variations, and then improving product and process design, focused on paper helicopter making case study. Methods: For measurement system analysis, gage R&R (repeatability and reproducibility), linearity, stability are evaluated. Since gage R&R are not satisfactory, the measurement system is improved by adopting voice memos application of iPhone and providing standard measurement procedure. To evaluate performance varia- tion, product deterioration and environment factor (wind speed) is considered. Since the existing design is sensitive to these noise factors, a new product design is developed, which is proven to be robust to the noise factors. Finally, manufacturing variations are evaluated with five factors which can cause variation in flight time. To reduce the impact of three significant factors, three improvement methods are applied. Results: Three performance variations are evaluated and robust paper helicopter design is presented. Conclusion: To reduce measurement and process variations, improved measurement method and paper heli- copter making procedure are proposed. A new product design is also presented which is robust to deterioration
- Published
- 2015
109. Dual Control and Information Gain in Controlling Uncertain Processes**This paper was not presented at any IFAC meeting. Corresponding author H. C. La. This work was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) within the Heidelberg Graduate School for Mathematical and Computational Methods for the Sciences. Support by the EU through S. Engell’s and H.G. Bock’s ERC Advanced Investigator Grant MOBOCON (291 458) is gratefully acknowledged
- Author
-
Hans Georg Bock, Andreas Potschka, Johannes P. Schlöder, and Huu Chuong La
- Subjects
Estimation ,0209 industrial biotechnology ,Engineering ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Control (management) ,Control engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Task (project management) ,Dual (category theory) ,Model predictive control ,Noise ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,020401 chemical engineering ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Control theory ,Order (exchange) ,Quality (business) ,0204 chemical engineering ,business ,media_common - Abstract
In controlling uncertain processes, it is decisive to utilize information provided by measurements in order to estimate parameters and states. Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) is a popular method to implement feedback control and deal with uncertainties. Conventional NMPC or nominal control, however, sometimes does not provide enough information for system estimation, leading to unsatisfactory performance. Dual control attempts to strike a balance between the two goals of enhancing system estimation and optimizing the nominal objective function. In this paper, we analyze the performance of these strategies through the interplay between the performance control task and the information gain task in connection with Optimal Experimental Design. Examples illustrate the conflict and agreement between the two tasks and explain why in some cases nominal control performs well. It is also observed that measurement noise provides excitation helping to improve the quality of estimates.
- Published
- 2016
110. Investigation All Types of Aircraft Noises: Review Paper
- Author
-
Mojtaba Sadeghian and Mofid Gorji-Bandpy
- Subjects
Aircraft noise ,Computer science ,Aviation ,business.industry ,Scale (chemistry) ,Noise reduction ,General Engineering ,ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS ,Jet noise ,Takeoff and landing ,Noise ,Aeronautics ,Aeroacoustics ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,business ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
This article presents a review of current aircraft noises. Noise is a fascinating area of research combining statistics, applied mathematics, and engineering. Aircraft noises are an impact of enormous financial, environmental, and technological issue. Aircraft noise remains the key inhibitor of the growth of air transportation and remains an acute environmental problem that requires advanced solutions. To advance our understanding of the sound source mechanisms, it should be noted that predominant noise sources of aircraft engines are from the exhaust (referred to as the jet) and fan (including the stator). The noise generated in these two areas during takeoff and landing has a strong influence on the communities around the airports. One of the most important sources of aircraft noises in modern jet aircraft is the turbulence that occurs in the shear layers around the engine’s exhaust. But this is not just an academic issue also jet noise is highly relevant to the aviation industry and on a wider scale, has been related to economic, social, and subsequently political. To deal with this problem, aircraft manufacturers and public establishments are engaged in research on technical and theoretical approaches for noise reduction concepts that should be applied to new aircraft. This review paper discusses a selection of enabling technologies and their implications on acoustics and noise and gives a perspective on future trends and new directions in aeroacoustics required to address the challenges.
- Published
- 2020
111. Multiple input multiple output Dirty paper coding: System design and performance
- Author
-
Dinesh Rajan and Zouhair Al-qudah
- Subjects
Space–time block code ,Noise ,Convolutional code ,Electronic engineering ,Dirty paper coding ,Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY ,Low-density parity-check code ,Antenna diversity ,Algorithm ,Decoding methods ,Coding gain ,Computer Science::Information Theory ,Mathematics - Abstract
In this paper, a practical multiple input multiple output Dirty paper coding (MIMO-DPC) scheme is designed to cancel the effect of additive interference that is known perfectly to the transmitter. The proposed system uses a trio of encoders — a LDPC code, a vector quantizer implemented as a convolutional decoder and an Orthogonal space time block code (STBC) to achieve temporal coding gain, interference cancelation and spatial diversity, respectively. First, we derive the equivalent noise seen by the receiver using an equivalent lattice based dirty paper code. Then the optimal value of the power inflation factor, which is one of the key system parameters used to minimize the equivalent noise seen by the receiver is derived. Furthermore, we analytically prove that the equivalent noise seen by the receiver tends to 0 for large number of receive antennas. Performance results in the case of various number of receiver antennas are presented and show that significant reduction in bit error probabilities can be obtained over a system that uses no interference cancelation.
- Published
- 2012
112. Modeling spatial reflection from an uncoated printing paper using Monte Carlo simulation
- Author
-
Modrić, Damir, Petric Maretić, Katja, and Hladnik, Aleš
- Subjects
light scattering ,modelling ,Monte Carlo simulation ,noise ,printing paper ,spatial reflection ,substrate surface - Abstract
The article deals with Monte Carlo modeling of uncoated printing paper surface based on light reflectance from the surface and on subsurface scattering. The paper surface was simulated using randomly oriented microfacets characterized by a specific parameter, critical azimuthal angle ϑc. Determination of the value of ϑc was based on the idea that the standard deviation of the light reflected from a paper surface is not equal to zero, and can be recognized as noise. Noise, i.e. standard deviation of the reflectance measured on actual paper samples, was used for calculating ϑc and, consequently, for obtaining theoretical surface models. The results show a satisfactory agreement with the real paper surfaces and indicate that ϑc can be one of the important parameters in future simulations of this kind.
- Published
- 2012
113. Carbon Copying Onto Dirty Paper.
- Author
-
Khisti, Ashish, Erez, Uri, Lapidoth, Amos, and Wornell, Gregory W.
- Subjects
- *
WIRELESS communications , *MULTICASTING (Computer networks) , *NOISE , *ANTENNAS (Electronics) , *GAUSSIAN processes , *NUMERICAL analysis , *MATHEMATICAL analysis , *ELECTRICAL engineering - Abstract
A generalization of the problem of writing on dirty paper is considered in which one transmitter sends a common message to multiple receivers. Each receiver experiences on its link an additive interference (in addition to the additive noise), which is known noncausally to the transmitter but not to any of the receivers. Applications range from wireless multiple-antenna multicasting to robust dirty paper coding. We develop results for memoryless channels in Gaussian and binary special cases. In most cases, we observe that the availability of side information at the transmitter increases capacity relative to systems without such side information, and that the lack of side information at the receivers decreases capacity relative to systems with such side information. For the noiseless binary case, we establish the capacity when there are two receivers. When there are many receivers, we show that the transmitter side information provides a vanishingly small benefit. When the interference is large and independent across the users, we show that time sharing is optimal. For the Gaussian case, we present a coding scheme and establish its optimality in the high signal-to-interference-plus-noise limit when there are two receivers. When the interference power is large and independent across all the receivers, we show that time-sharing is again optimal. Connections to the problem of robust dirty paper coding are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
114. [Paper] Efficient Channel Estimation Scheme under Impulsive Noise Environment
- Author
-
Akira Nakamura, Hirotomo Yasui, and Makoto Itami
- Subjects
Scheme (programming language) ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing ,05 social sciences ,050801 communication & media studies ,020207 software engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design ,Noise ,0508 media and communications ,Control theory ,Signal Processing ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Media Technology ,Telecommunications ,business ,computer ,Communication channel ,computer.programming_language - Published
- 2016
115. [Paper] Channel Estimation Scheme under Class A Impulsive Noise Environment
- Author
-
Kohei Ohno, Hirotomo Yasui, Akira Nakamura, and Makoto Itami
- Subjects
Pilot signal ,Scheme (programming language) ,Computer science ,Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing ,business.industry ,020302 automobile design & engineering ,020207 software engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design ,Noise ,0203 mechanical engineering ,Control theory ,Signal Processing ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Media Technology ,Telecommunications ,business ,computer ,computer.programming_language ,Communication channel - Published
- 2016
116. Erratum to the paper 'Extinction and ergodic stationary distribution of a Markovian-switching prey-predator model with additional food for predator'
- Author
-
Dehao Ruan and Xiaoxia Guo
- Subjects
education.field_of_study ,Extinction ,Stationary distribution ,Applied Mathematics ,Population ,White noise ,Predation ,Noise ,Modeling and Simulation ,Statistical physics ,education ,Environmental noise ,Predator ,Mathematics - Abstract
In this work we have studied a stochastic predator-prey model where the prey grows logistically in the absence of predator. All parameters but carrying capacity have been perturbed with telephone noise. The prey’s growth rate and the predator’s death rate have also been perturbed with white noises. Both of these noises have been proved extremely useful to model rapidly fluctuating phenomena Dimentberg (1988). The conditions under which extinction of predator and prey populations occur have been established. We also give sufficient conditions for positive recurrence and the existence of an ergodic stationary distribution of the positive solution, red which in stochastic predator-prey systems means that the predator and prey populations can be persistent, that is to say, the predator and prey populations can be sustain a quantity that is neither too much nor too little. In our analysis, it is found that the environmental noise plays an important role in extinction as well as coexistence of prey and predator populations. It is shown in numerical simulation that larger white noise intensity will lead to the extinction of the population, while telephone noise may delay or reduce the risk of species extinction.
- Published
- 2020
117. Understanding Robust Design with Paper Helicopter Experiment
- Author
-
Yong Tae Kim, Jai-Hyun Byun, and Min Ji Lee
- Subjects
Taguchi methods ,Engineering ,Noise ,Signal-to-noise ratio ,Operations research ,business.industry ,Fractional factorial design ,Applied research ,Factorial experiment ,Sensitivity (control systems) ,business ,Engineering research ,Industrial engineering - Abstract
Jai-Hyun Byun ․Yong Tae Kim․Min Ji LeeDepartment of Industrial and Systems Engineering and Engineering Research Institute Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701Robust design method developed by Genichi Taguchi has been very popular since the 1980s and there have been many academic and applied research works on this topic. However, college students and engineers in companies have had difficulty in understanding the method. This paper presents a procedure to implement the robust design method by an easy-to-execute paper helicopter experiment. A crossed array was adopted, which consists of a resolution IV fractional factorial design with 6 control factors and a factorial design with 3 noise factors. Three performance measures were analyzed; signal-to-noise ratio, mean, and standard deviation of the falling time of the paper helicopter that is to be maximized. Control-noise interaction plots are also given to evaluate the degree of the sensitivity of each level of the control factors to the noise factors. The procedure presented in this paper can be helpful to those who want to have basic knowledge in the robust design method.
- Published
- 2013
118. Measurement of Noise Parameters Using 6-Port Network (Invited Paper)
- Author
-
Kyung-Whan Yeom and Abdule-Rahman Ahmed
- Subjects
Noise ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Electrical engineering ,Electronic engineering ,Port (circuit theory) ,business - Published
- 2015
119. [Paper] A Low Noise CMOS Image Sensor with Pixel Optimization and Noise Robust Column-parallel Readout Circuits for Low-light Levels
- Author
-
Keita Yasutomi, Keiichiro Kagawa, Shoji Kawahito, and Min-Woong Seo
- Subjects
CMOS sensor ,Pixel ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design ,Column (database) ,Low noise ,Noise ,Embedded system ,Signal Processing ,Media Technology ,Electronic engineering ,Image noise ,Image sensor ,business ,Electronic circuit - Published
- 2015
120. Comparison of Multiple Measures of Noise Exposure in Paper Mills.
- Author
-
Neitzel, Richard L., Andersson, Marianne, and Andersson, Eva
- Subjects
- *
COMPARATIVE studies , *STATISTICAL correlation , *NOISE-induced deafness , *RESEARCH methodology , *NOISE , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *RADIATION dosimetry , *T-test (Statistics) , *MANUFACTURING industries , *OCCUPATIONAL hazards , *ENVIRONMENTAL exposure , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RESEARCH evaluation - Abstract
Background: Noise exposures are associated with a host of adverse health effects, yet these exposures remain inadequately characterized in many industrial operations, including paper mills. We assessed noise at four paper mills using three measures: (i) personal noise dosimetry, (ii) area noise measurements, and (iii) questionnaire items addressing several different aspects of perceived noise exposure. Methods: We assessed exposures to noise characterized using the three measures and compared the relationships between them. We also estimated the validity of each of the three measures using a novel application of the Method of Triads, which does not appear to have been used previously in the occupational health literature. Results: We collected 209 valid dosimetry measurements and collected perceived noise exposure survey items from 170 workers, along with 100 area measurements. We identified exposures in excess of 85 dBA at all mills. The dosimetry and area noise measurements assigned to individual subjects generally showed good agreement, but for some operations within mill, large differences between the two measures were observed, and a substantial fraction of paired measures differed by >5 dB. Perceived noise exposures varied greatly between the mills, particularly for an item related to difficulty speaking in noise. One perceived noise exposure item related to difficulty hearing due to noise showed strong and significant correlations with both dosimetry and area measurements. The Method of Triads analysis showed that dosimetry measures had the highest estimated validity coefficient (0.70), and that the best performing perceived exposure measure had validity that exceeded that of area measurements (0.48 versus 0.40, respectively). Conclusions: Workers in Swedish pulp mills have the potential for exposures to high levels of noise. Our results suggest that, while dosimetry remains the preferred approach to exposure assessment, perceived noise exposures can be used to evaluate potential exposures to noise in epidemiological studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
121. Discussion of the synthetic data papers published in the previous issue.
- Author
-
Drechsler, Jörg
- Subjects
- *
STATISTICS methodology , *DATA protection , *DATA security , *NOISE , *MATHEMATICAL statistics , *MATHEMATICAL models - Abstract
The author discusses papers on synthetic data published in the previous issue of the journal. Topics covered include the common themes identified in the papers which deal with synthetic data according to the definition commonly used in the statistical disclosure control community, a different approach for data protection based on noise infusion discussed in one synthetic data paper, and a discussion on data dissemination.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
122. Exposición a Ruido, Solventes Orgánicos y Capacidad Auditiva de Trabajadores de una Empresa Papelera.
- Author
-
Guevara, Harold, Lugo, Faviola, Cardozo, Rosa, González, Soraya, Ortunio, Magaly, Sánchez, Catherine, and Rivero, Exila
- Subjects
- *
HEARING disorders , *INDUSTRIAL noise , *ORGANIC solvents , *PAPER industry workers , *PAPER mills , *INDUSTRIAL hygiene - Abstract
To correlate headng impairment and simultaneous occupational exposure to noise and organic solvents, it was made a cross-sectional research in 140 workers from a paper factory's with more than five years in same factory job. Workers were distributed in three groups as follows: unexposed (n=43), exposed to noise (n=50) and exposed to noise and organic solvents (n=47). Medical examination included audiometry to look for hearing impairment. The risk of hypoacusia was greater in exposed workers than in unexposed ones. Exposure to noise longer than five years was related to Odds Ratio (OR)=11,85 (1,46-66.57) and a hearing impairment prevalence of 22%. Simultaneous occupational exposure to noise and solvents produced OR=14.4 (1.78-77.3) and 25.53% hypoacusia prevalence. For men exposed to noise and solvents, the risk of hearing impairment was 1,22 times greater than for workers exposed to noise only [OR=1.22 (0.43-3.43)]. It was determined that workers simultaneously exposed to noise and solvents had not a greater risk to suffer hearing impairment than those exposed only to noise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
123. On the application of neural networks modelling to a wet end chemical process in paper making
- Author
-
B. Oyebande and Hong Wang
- Subjects
Recursive least squares filter ,Engineering ,business.product_category ,Artificial neural network ,Time delay neural network ,business.industry ,Process (computing) ,Control engineering ,Sizing ,Noise ,Paper machine ,Knot (unit) ,business ,Algorithm - Abstract
This paper presents a novel approach and its application to the modelling of non-linear unknown systems via B-spline neural networks. The system is assumed to be described by a NARMAX model, which is subjected to coloured noise. A new regression formula is constructed and it has been shown that the generalised RLS algorithm can be directly applied to train the weights and produce a desirable estimate on the various modes of the noise. The selection of the knots distribution of B-spline neural networks is also considered. An algorithm has been developed which produces an optimal knot distribution for an input axis using training data. Finally, the method developed is applied to build up a local model for a paper machine wet end, which represents the relationship between added chemicals (rosin and alum) and the sizing of the resulting paper. Desired results are obtained.
- Published
- 2002
124. Acceptance rates and number of papers in Biological Conservation from 2005 to 2014 for Australia, Brazil, China, India, Spain, and the United States: Trends or noise?
- Author
-
Richard B. Primack and Lucy Zipf
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Noise ,business.industry ,Environmental protection ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Political science ,Environmental resource management ,business ,China ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Published
- 2016
125. Noise analysis of electrical circuits on fractal set
- Author
-
Banchuin, Rawid
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
126. Letter to the Editor (May 17, 2017) concerning the paper 'Impact of road traffic noise on sleep disturbances and attention disorders amongst school children living in Upper Silesian Industrial Zone, Poland'
- Author
-
Tomoyuki Kawada
- Subjects
Sleep Wake Disorders ,Sleep disorder ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Letter to the editor ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,General Medicine ,Environmental Exposure ,Attention disorders ,Audiology ,medicine.disease ,Industrial zone ,Noise ,Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ,Noise, Transportation ,medicine ,Humans ,Sleep (system call) ,Poland ,Psychology ,Child ,Road traffic - Published
- 2017
127. A paper clock prediction model for UTC(TL)
- Author
-
Shinn-Yan Lin
- Subjects
business.industry ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Mathematical analysis ,Frequency drift ,02 engineering and technology ,White noise ,01 natural sciences ,Exponential function ,Weighting ,010309 optics ,Noise ,0103 physical sciences ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Physics::Atomic Physics ,Allan variance ,Telecommunications ,business ,Frequency modulation ,Caesium standard ,Mathematics - Abstract
A modified paper clock timescale weighted after removing the linearized frequency drift of each cesium clock in TL's 12-cesium-clock ensemble is used to be the mid-term prediction reference before the next coming BIPM Circular T announcement. After removing the frequency drift pattern according to Circular T announcements, the noise type of each cesium clock in ensemble is dominated by white noise when the average time was less than about 100 days. To achieve approximately equal weighting and rational upper limit, an inversely exponential weighting procedure is also used to weight each cesium clock according to the inversely exponential function of their Allan variance; for our 12-cesium-clock ensemble, a 4 years test shows the phase error of the paper clock time scale is less than 10 ns in 45 days prediction.
- Published
- 2016
128. Wind speed measurement by paper anemometer
- Author
-
Juhua Zhong, Wenchuan Guan, and Zhongqi Cheng
- Subjects
Physics ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Microphone ,Acoustics ,General Physics and Astronomy ,STRIPS ,Wind speed ,Education ,law.invention ,Standing wave ,Noise ,Amplitude ,law ,Anemometer ,Sound (geography) - Abstract
A simple wind speed measurement device, a paper anemometer, is fabricated based on the theory of standing waves. In providing the working profile of the paper anemometer, an experimental device is established, which consists of an anemometer sensor, a sound sensor, a microphone, paper strips, a paper cup, and sonic acquisition software. It shows that the sound wave detected in the paper cup has a larger amplitude and the noise is depressed, though the frequency of the sound is twice that detected directly from the strip. From the experiments, we find that the frequency of the sonic wave does not change with wind speed; however, its amplitude increases with wind speed. To predict the wind speed, a correlation is established from the sound wave amplitude.
- Published
- 2011
129. 5‐1: Student Paper: Implementation of Full‐Panel Circuit Models for Interference Estimation Between Touch and Display Operation in On‐Cell Touch AMOLED.
- Author
-
Choi, Seung-Hun, An, Jun-Yeol, Lee, Jae-Youl, Kim, Si-Woo, Lee, Hyung-Min, and Choi, Yoon-Kyung
- Subjects
NOISE ,VOLTAGE ,ALGORITHMS ,DIGITAL electronics ,STUDENTS ,NONLINEAR oscillators - Abstract
A full‐panel circuit model of the on‐cell touch AMOLED is introduced to simulate the mutual interference between touch and display operations. The proposed panel model successfully reproduced nonlinear behaviors of the display noise observed in real systems. Also, the reverse‐directional interference, i.e., touch‐to‐display coupling, was simulated, showing that touch stimulation incurs the fluctuation of display charging voltages, possibly causing perceivable line defects. The proposed panel model can be used for various touch/display algorithms to reduce the interference effects and to determine key design parameters for new panels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
130. Dynamical properties and scaling behavior of self-propelled particles: Langevin dynamics
- Author
-
Amallah, Layla, Hader, Ahmed, Tanasehte, Mohammed, Hariti, Yassine, and Boughaleb, Yahia
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
131. Design of Control System in Strapping Machine for Paper Bills
- Author
-
Xiu Hong Ma and Xin Ju Zhang
- Subjects
Engineering ,business.industry ,Reliability (computer networking) ,General Engineering ,Programmable logic controller ,Control engineering ,Noise ,Transformation (function) ,Embedded system ,Control system ,Line (text file) ,business ,Strapping ,Machine control - Abstract
The strapping machine for Paper Bills typically was designed to reduce labor intensity and enhance production automation level. The machines structure and working principle were described. There are three work posts in this equipment, they work continuously. This approach makes it very easy to split up a complex transformation into a series of simple transformations arranged in a loop line. The machine includes currency count/counterfeit distinguishing system, conveying system and strapping system. In the same time, the machine control system that adopts the PLC programmable controller can simplify the control system, and its reliability strengthens further. Practices show that the strapping machine has the advantages of simple structure, high efficiency, low cost and small vibrating noise.
- Published
- 2013
132. Urban noise assessment and its nonauditory health effects on the residents of Chiniot and Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan.
- Author
-
Farooqi ZUR, Ahmad I, Zeeshan N, Ilić P, Imran M, and Saeed MF
- Subjects
- Cities, Humans, Pakistan, City Planning, Health Status, Noise
- Abstract
Elevated noise level is an emerging global problem. Therefore, the present work is conducted that can improve, increase, and integrate the already known issue in literature with new information coming from an emerging country such as Pakistan. The objectives of this study were (i) to assess the urban noise levels and traffic density of Chiniot and Jhang and (ii) to determine nonauditory health effects of noise levels on the residents of both cities. Noise levels were examined from 181 locations (103 from Jhang and 78 from Chiniot) and categorized into hospitals, educational, religious and recreational, residential, industrial areas, and traffic intersections. A-weighted noise level measurements were taken using an integrated sound level meter which recorded short-term road traffic noise continuously for 15 min at each location (LA
eq15 ). The urban noise data showed 82% of the sites in Jhang (LAmax = 103 dB) and 95% in Chiniot (LAmax = 120 dB) exceeded the noise limits set by the National Environment Quality Standard of Pakistan (NEQS-Pak) and World Health Organization (WHO). Moreover, higher intensity of noise levels (LAeq15 ≥ 100 dB) was recorded in Chiniot (17 sites) than in Jhang (1 site). Regression analysis showed a relatively strong relationship of traffic density with noise at Chiniot (R2 = 0.48) compared to Jhang (R2 = 0.31). However, spatial variability of noise with traffic density was observed in both cities. Survey study revealed that all the respondents in Jhang and Chiniot suffered from many noise-related health problems such as annoyance (53 and 51%), depression (45 and 47%), dizziness (61 and 65%), headache (67 and 64%), hypertension (71 and 56%), hearing loss (53 and 56%), physiological stress (65 and 65%), sleeplessness (81 and 84%), and tinnitus (70 and 62%) due to noise, respectively. We conclude that noise levels are higher in Chiniot primarily due to high road traffic and secondarily due to high population density. It is recommended that vehicle maintenance and family and urban planning could be effective measures to reduce urban noise levels., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
133. Friction noise technique for the measurement of surface roughness of papers
- Author
-
Juan R. Aguilar, Renato Salinas, and Jorge P. Arenas
- Subjects
Surface (mathematics) ,Signal processing ,Engineering drawing ,Engineering ,Acoustics and Ultrasonics ,business.industry ,Acoustics ,Feature extraction ,Ranging ,Surface finish ,Noise ,Bruit ,medicine ,Surface roughness ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Surface roughness is one of the most important attributes of paper and its measurement is normally used in quality control applications. Currently, measurement of surface roughness is done by using air leakage, optical, or subjective methods. In this article, an acoustical method for the determination of surface roughness of papers is described. The method is applied off-line and uses the friction noise recorded when a small brush slide over the surface of the paper. The analysis is done consider the friction noise ranging from 300 Hz to 10 kHz. Considering that friction noise is associated to surface roughness, a signal analysis algorithm was developed to take advantage of this fact. The algorithm consists of a frequency-domain feature extraction routine and an artificial neural network that represents the variation of the spectral features in a roughness scale. The results show that an affordable and efficient friction noise based system can be used for measuring surface roughness of tissue papers and other soft surfaces as an alternative to other methods.
- Published
- 2009
134. Entropy Amplification Property and the Loss for Writing on Dirty Paper.
- Author
-
Cohen, Aaron S. and Zamir, Ram
- Subjects
- *
ENTROPY , *NOISE , *DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory) , *PROBABILITY theory , *RISK , *DIFFERENCE sets - Abstract
Costa's celebrated "writing on dirty paper" (WDP) shows that the power-constrained channel Y = X + S + Z, with Gaussian Z, has the same capacity as the standard AWGN channel Y = X + Z, provided that the "interference" S (no matter how strong it is) is known at the transmitter. While this ability for perfect interference cancelation is very appealing, it relies heavily on the Gaussianity of the (unknown) noise Z. We construct an example of "bad" noise for writing on dirty paper, namely, "difference set noise". If the interference S is strong, then difference-set noise limits the WDP capacity to at most 2 bits. At the same time, like in the AWGN case, the zero-interference capacity grows without bound with the input constraint. Thus almost 100% of the available capacity is lost in WDP in the presence of difference-set noise. This high capacity loss is due to the "entropy amplification property" (EAP) of noise with an aperiodic probability distribution. Using the EAP and the duality between WDP and Wyner--Ziv source coding, we also give an example of dramatic rate-loss in quantizing encrypted source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
135. Dirty-Paper Coding Versus TDMA for MIMO Broadcast Channels.
- Author
-
Jindal, Nihar and Goldsmith, Andrea
- Subjects
- *
COMPARISON (Philosophy) , *BROADCASTING industry , *NOISE , *INVESTIGATIONS , *INFORMATION theory , *DIGITAL electronics - Abstract
We compare the capacity of dirty-paper coding (DPC) to that of time-division multiple access (TDMA) for a multiple-antenna (multiple- input multiple-output (MIMO)) Gaussian broadcast channel (BC). We find that the sum-rate capacity (achievable using DPC) of the multiple-antenna BC Is at most min(M, K) times the largest single-user capacity (i.e., the TDMA sum-rate) in the system, where M is the number of transmit antennas and K is the number of receivers. This result is Independent of the number of receive antennas and the channel gain matrix, and is valid at all signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). We investigate the tightness of this bound In a time-varying channel (assuming perfect channel knowledge at receivers and transmitters) where the channel experiences uncorrelated Rayleigh fading and In some situations we find that the dirty paper gain is upper-bounded by the ratio of transmit-to-receive antennas. We also show that min(M, K) upper-bounds the sum-rate gain of successive decoding over TDMA for the uplink channel, where M is the number of receive antennas at the base station and K is the number of transmitters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
136. Islamic index market sentiment: evidence from the ASEAN market
- Author
-
Danila, Nevi, Kamaludin, Kamilah, Sundarasen, Sheela, and Bunyamin, Bunyamin
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
137. Condition monitoring of structures using limited noisy data modal slope and curvature of mode shapes
- Author
-
Ali, Jafar and Bandyopadhyay, Debasish
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
138. Low Frequency Noise in a Paper Mill Control Room
- Author
-
Johanna Bengtsson Ryberg, Agneta Agge, and Kerstin Persson Waye
- Subjects
Engineering ,Acoustics and Ultrasonics ,Infrasound ,Subjective perception ,Annoyance ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,0203 mechanical engineering ,0103 physical sciences ,Sound pressure ,010301 acoustics ,Sound (geography) ,Simulation ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Electrical engineering ,Building and Construction ,Control room ,Noise ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,Geophysics ,Mechanics of Materials ,business - Abstract
This field study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of annoyance and disturbance and the subjective perception of the sound environment due to noise, in an old and a new control room at a large paper mill. Working in a control room requires sustained attention and concentration and, in the case of error messages, rapid and correct decisions. In this study, the personnel's responses were collected by questionnaire, and detailed sound measurements were taken in both control rooms. The A-weighted sound pressure level in the new control room was 54.9 dB, a reduction from the 63.5 dB measured in the old room, and the C-weighted sound pressure level was 66.8 dB, a reduction from the 75.2 dB measured in the old room. The new control room was rated as being a less noisy environment; however, the personnel did complain about noise from other computers/equipment, radios, and the new laboratory.
- Published
- 2007
139. Dirty-Paper Coding for the Gaussian Multiaccess Channel With Conferencing.
- Author
-
Bross, Shraga I., Lapidoth, Amos, and Wigger, Michèle
- Subjects
- *
GAUSSIAN processes , *TRANSMITTERS (Communication) , *RANDOM noise theory , *CODE division multiple access , *CODING theory , *SIGNAL processing , *BIT error rate - Abstract
We derive the capacity region of the two-user dirty-paper Gaussian multiaccess channel (MAC) with conferencing encoders. In this MAC, prior to each transmission block, the transmitters can hold a conference in which they can communicate with each other over error-free bit pipes of given capacities. The received signal suffers not only from additive Gaussian noise but also from additive interference, which is known noncausally to the transmitters but not to the receiver. The additive interference is modeled as Gaussian or uniform over a sphere. We show that the interference can be perfectly mitigated, i.e., that the capacity region without interference can also be achieved in its presence. This holds irrespective of whether the transmitters learn the interference before or after the conference. It follows as a corollary that also for the MAC with degraded message sets, the interference can be perfectly mitigated if it is known noncausally to the transmitters. To derive our results, we generalize Costa's single-user writing-on-dirty-paper achievability result to channels with dependent interference and not-necessarily Gaussian noise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
140. 'Mek Some Noise': Gospel Music and the Ethics of Style in Trinidad. By Timothy Rommen. Music of the African Diaspora 11. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2007. xii + 219pp. $21.95 paper
- Author
-
Ennis B. Edmonds
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,Style (visual arts) ,History ,Noise ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Religious studies ,Art history ,Gospel ,Theology ,Diaspora ,media_common - Published
- 2009
141. Muscles in and around the ear as the source of "physiological noise" during auditory selective attention: A review and novel synthesis.
- Author
-
Bell A and Jedrzejczak WW
- Subjects
- Acoustic Stimulation, Attention, Cochlea, Muscles, Noise, Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous
- Abstract
The sensitivity of the auditory system is regulated via two major efferent pathways: the medial olivocochlear system that connects to the outer hair cells, and by the middle ear muscles-the tensor tympani and stapedius. The role of the former system in suppressing otoacoustic emissions has been extensively studied, but that of the complementary network has not. In studies of selective attention, decreases in otoacoustic emissions from contralateral stimulation have been ascribed to the medial olivocochlear system, but the acknowledged problem is that the results can be confounded by parallel muscle activity. Here, the potential role of the muscle system is examined through a wide but not exhaustive review of the selective attention literature, and the unifying hypothesis is made that the prominent "physiological noise" detected in such experiments, which is reduced during attention, is the sound produced by the muscles in proximity to the ear-including the middle ear muscles. All muscles produce low-frequency sound during contraction, but the implications for selective attention experiments-in which muscles near the ear are likely to be active-have not been adequately considered. This review and synthesis suggests that selective attention may reduce physiological noise in the ear canal by reducing the activity of muscles close to the ear. Indeed, such an experiment has already been done, but the significance of its findings have not been widely appreciated. Further sets of experiments are needed in this area., (© 2021 Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
142. A new extraction method of underglaze brown decorative pattern based on the coupling of single scale gamma correction and gray sharpening.
- Author
-
Fang, Tao, Qin, Dashu, Zhang, Rumeng, Jiang, Yu, and Rui, Xue
- Subjects
PROBLEM solving ,NOISE - Abstract
In order to solve the problem of image quality and morphological characteristics of primary underglaze brown decorative pattern extraction, this paper proposes a method of primary underglaze brown decorative pattern extraction based on the coupling of single scale gamma correction and gray sharpening. The single-scale gamma correction is combined with the gray sharpening method. The single-scale gamma correction improves the contrast and brightness of the image by nonlinear transformation, but may lead to the loss of image detail. Gray sharpening can enhance the high frequency component and improve the clarity of the image, but it will introduce noise. Combining these two technologies can compensate for their shortcomings. The experimental results show that this method can improve the efficiency of last element underglaze brown decorative pattern extraction by enhancing the image retention detail and reducing the influence of noise. The experimental results showed that F1Score, Miou(%), Recall, Precision and Accuracy(%) were 0.92745, 0.82253, 0.97942, 0.92458 and 0.92745, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
143. FOE-NER: fish disease event extraction algorithm based on pseudo trigger words and event element data enhancement.
- Author
-
Fu, Qingcai, Zhang, Sijia, Zhang, Zhenglong, An, Zongshi, Li, Zhenglin, Wang, Yihan, and Liu, Jianing
- Subjects
FISH diseases ,NOISE ,AQUACULTURE ,ALGORITHMS ,CLASSIFICATION - Abstract
In response to the challenges of accurately identifying event triggers and elements in long texts related to aquaculture, existing models struggle to differentiate between elements and triggers, as well as effectively recognize complete entity texts. To tackle this issue, this study proposes an algorithm for extracting fish disease events based on pseudo triggers and augmented event element data. The method starts by constructing pseudo samples using the original dataset. Two types of noise datasets are then generated: a trigger noise dataset constructed based on fish disease triggers and an entity noise dataset with varying levels of entity noise constructed based on fish disease entities. Next, three parallel neural networks are deployed to extract sample features from these datasets. The fish disease event extraction for the source dataset employs multi-label classification. For the trigger noise dataset, the sample features are activated using the sigmoid function, and the MRSE loss is utilized for optimization of this branch. For the entity noise dataset, the sample features are activated using the Relu function, and the XOR loss is used for optimization. Finally, the losses from the three branches are combined with weighted summation to obtain the fusion loss. The experimental results on the fish disease dataset used in this paper show that the proposed algorithm achieves an average accuracy of 78.71%, 78.95%, and 79.43% on F1, recall, and precision, respectively, which is a maximum improvement of 11.201%, 11.849%, and 12.421% in accuracy with respect to the baseline model on F1, recall, and precision, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
144. Active noise control by means of high frequency injection in electric motors.
- Author
-
Skoulaxinos, Stefanos, Wheeler, Pat, and Vakil, Gaurang
- Subjects
ALTERNATING current electric motors ,MOTOR drives (Electric motors) ,ELECTRIC motors ,HUMAN comfort ,NOISE - Abstract
Machine acoustics is an important area of research impacting the quality and comfort of human life. With increased levels of electrification and the wider use of electric motors, the contribution of motor drives towards quieter acoustic systems becomes increasingly important. This paper presents a novel acoustic improvement method involving the use of acoustic waves generated from High Frequency Injection to perform Active Noise Control. Although High Frequency Injection has been used widely in the domain of sensorless motor control, its acoustic generation process has been so far perceived as a negative by‐product. This paper presents the analysis and experimental results from the application of the proposed method to the Helicopter Electro‐Mechanical Actuation System. Considering the extensive use of motor drives in a number of industries, the proposed practice of High Frequency Injection Active Noise Control can have a significant impact to future applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
145. Trace Extraction and Repair of the F Layer from Pictorial Ionograms.
- Author
-
Wang, Jiayi, Qiao, Lei, Yan, Chunxiao, Qiu, Zhaoyang, and Wang, Kejie
- Subjects
PARAMETER identification ,ALGORITHMS ,NOISE ,PICTURES - Abstract
Publicly available ionograms are often in the form of pictures. This paper proposes a novel algorithm for extracting and repairing the F layer traces from pictorial ionograms. Extensive efforts have been invested in ionogram autoscaling and critical parameter identification to improve the efficiency of scaling algorithms. To obtain the parameters of the F layer automatically, it is necessary to accurately extract the F layer trace. However, research on F layer trace extraction with repair is relatively limited. The method employed in this study makes full use of the characteristics of different types of echoes on the ionograms, and the procedure includes noise preprocessing, coupling noise processing, and trace repair. To enhance the applicability of the repair, two different automatic filling algorithms are adopted to repair the F layer trace. The aim of this paper is to present an adaptive algorithm to automatically extract and repair F layer traces from different pictorial ionograms. The results of Hainan Fuke ionograms illustrate the reliability of the F layer trace extraction and trace repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
146. A Novel Method of Magnetic Sources Edge Detection Based on Gradient Tensor.
- Author
-
Lv, Wenjie, Huang, Pei, Yang, Yaxin, Luo, Qibin, Xie, Shangping, and Fu, Chen
- Subjects
MAGNETIC anomalies ,MAGNETIZATION ,NOISE ,SIGNALS & signaling ,ANGLES - Abstract
The edge detection method based on the magnetic gradient tensor data plays an important role in magnetic exploration because it is free from geomagnetic interference and contains more abundant information. This paper proposes a new anomaly edge detection method using the magnetic gradient tensor components. The model is established to compare with other methods, such as directional total horizontal derivative (THD
z ), analytical signal (AS), tilt angle, theta map, and so on, under conditions of vertical magnetization, oblique magnetization, and noise interference. Through the study of the anomaly distribution of the rectangular model, it is observed that the edge detection method proposed in this paper is nearly impervious to noise interference, exhibits strong anti-interference capabilities, delivers a high-quality boundary identification effect, and provides greater accuracy in anomaly edges with minimal error. When multiple anomalous bodies are present, the edge detection results are less susceptible to interference from each other, resulting in higher resolution. The efficiency of the algorithm is demonstrated by real magnetic data from some study areas in Jiangxi Province, China. The experimental results show that the proposed method is more precise and accurate than the total horizontal derivative, analytical signal, tilt angle, and theta map methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
147. Determining the Elastic Constants of Paper with Optimization Methods
- Author
-
MÅrten Gulliksson, Ziqing Xie, and Rickard HÄgglund
- Subjects
Mathematical optimization ,Noise ,Quadrilateral ,Applied Mathematics ,Displacement field ,Applied mathematics ,Function (mathematics) ,Inverse problem ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Regularization (mathematics) ,Synthetic data ,Finite element method ,Mathematics - Abstract
In this article we describe a method for determining the elastic constants for paper from a measured displacement field. Our model is based on the finite element method using quadrilateral elements. A method for finding the first and second order derivatives with respect to the unknown parameters plays a crucial role in the optimization process used to solve the inverse problems in this article. To reduce the influence of the noise of the input data, an efficient continuation method is used for the regularization term in the cost function. Some numerical results for synthetic data and measurement will verify the efficiency of our approach.
- Published
- 2002
148. Self-organizing patterns in an evolutionary rock-paper-scissors game for stochastic synchronized strategy updates
- Author
-
Jeromos Vukov, Levente Varga, and György Szabó
- Subjects
Computer Science::Computer Science and Game Theory ,Noise ,Computer science ,Management science ,Genetic algorithm ,Stochastic game ,Logit ,Common spatial pattern ,Limit (mathematics) ,Square lattice ,Algorithm ,Zero (linguistics) - Abstract
We study a spatial evolutionary rock-paper-scissors game with synchronized strategy updating. Players gain their payoff from games with their four neighbors on a square lattice and can update their strategies simultaneously according to the logit rule, which is the noisy version of the best-response dynamics. For the synchronized strategy update two types of global oscillations (with an ordered strategy arrangement and periods of three and six generations) can occur in this system in the zero noise limit. At low noise values, all nine oscillating phases are present in the system by forming a self-organizing spatial pattern due to the comprising invasion and speciation processes along the interfaces separating the different domains.
- Published
- 2014
149. Origins and application of the European Union Position paper on dose response relationships between transportation noise and annoyance
- Author
-
B F Berry
- Subjects
Acoustics and Ultrasonics ,Operations research ,Process (engineering) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Context (language use) ,Annoyance ,Noise ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Gratitude ,Position paper ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,Noise regulation ,Sociology ,European union ,media_common - Abstract
Dose–response relationships of the sort pioneered by Schultz figure prominently in the current European noise regulation policy. A position paper developed by the Working Group on Dose‐effects (part of the EU Expert Network) reviewed a range of potential health effects, but decided that annoyance and sleep disturbance remain the most prevalent and sensitive effects of transportation noise exposure, and those for which the best data were available. A Position paper providing guidance on the dose–effect relations to be used for the assessment of numbers of people annoyed by noise from transportation sources (rail, road and air) may be found at http://europa.eu.int/comm/environment/noise/home.htm This presentation explains the context in which the Paper was developed, outlines the process by which the dose–response relationships were derived and summarizes the key recommendations. Finally some observations are made as the Position Paper is being applied, and related future developments are discussed. The author acknowledges with deep gratitude the assistance of Dr. Henk Miedema of TNO in preparing this paper.
- Published
- 2003
150. Efficient, nonparametric removal of noise and recovery of probability distributions from time series using nonlinear-correlation functions: Photon and photon-counting noise.
- Author
-
Dhar, Mainak and Berg, Mark A.
- Subjects
- *
TIME series analysis , *DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory) , *PHOTON counting , *GREEN'S functions , *PHOTONS , *NOISE - Abstract
A preceding paper [M. Dhar, J. A. Dickinson, and M. A. Berg, J. Chem. Phys. 159, 054110 (2023)] shows how to remove additive noise from an experimental time series, allowing both the equilibrium distribution of the system and its Green's function to be recovered. The approach is based on nonlinear-correlation functions and is fully nonparametric: no initial model of the system or of the noise is needed. However, single-molecule spectroscopy often produces time series with either photon or photon-counting noise. Unlike additive noise, photon noise is signal-size correlated and quantized. Photon counting adds the potential for bias. This paper extends noise-corrected-correlation methods to these cases and tests them on synthetic datasets. Neither signal-size correlation nor quantization is a significant complication. Analysis of the sampling error yields guidelines for the data quality needed to recover the properties of a system with a given complexity. We show that bias in photon-counting data can be corrected, even at the high count rates needed to optimize the time resolution. Using all these results, we discuss the factors that limit the time resolution of single-molecule spectroscopy and the conditions that would be needed to push measurements into the submicrosecond region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.