1. Promastigote parasites cultured from the lesions of patients with mucosal leishmaniasis are more resistant to oxidative stress than promastigotes from a cutaneous lesion.
- Author
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Ávila LR, Gomes CM, Oliveira PG, Gomes RS, Vinaud MC, Dorta ML, Uliana SRB, Ribeiro-Dias F, and Oliveira MAP
- Subjects
- Animals, Antioxidants chemistry, Antioxidants metabolism, Culture Media chemistry, Female, Host-Parasite Interactions, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Leishmania braziliensis growth & development, Leishmania braziliensis isolation & purification, Leishmania braziliensis metabolism, Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous immunology, Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous metabolism, Leishmaniasis, Diffuse Cutaneous parasitology, Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous immunology, Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous metabolism, Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous parasitology, Life Cycle Stages physiology, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Knockout, Nitric Oxide metabolism, Nitric Oxide Donors pharmacology, Nitroprusside pharmacology, Protozoan Proteins genetics, Protozoan Proteins metabolism, Antiprotozoal Agents pharmacology, Hydrogen Peroxide pharmacology, Leishmania braziliensis drug effects, Life Cycle Stages drug effects, Nitric Oxide pharmacology
- Abstract
Human leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis can be presented as localized cutaneous leishmaniasis (LCL) or mucosal leishmaniasis (ML). Macrophages kill parasites using nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of parasites obtained from patients with LCL or ML to produce and resist NO or ROS. Promastigotes and amastigotes from LCL or ML isolates produced similar amounts of NO in culture. Promastigotes from ML isolates were more resistant to NO and H
2 O2 than LCL parasites in a stationary phase, whereas amastigotes from LCL isolates were more resistant to NO. In addition, in the stationary phase, promastigote isolates from patients with ML expressed more thiol-specific antioxidant protein (TSA) than LCL isolates. Therefore it is suggested that infective promastigotes from ML isolates are more resistant to microbicidal mechanisms in the initial phase of infection. Subsequently, amastigotes lose this resistance. This behavior of ML parasites can decrease the number of parasites capable of stimulating the host immune response shortly after the infection establishment., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2018
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