13 results on '"FRENCH Third Republic"'
Search Results
2. "ALGERIA FOR THE ALGERIANS": Public Education and Settler Identity in the Early Third Republic.
- Author
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Francis, Kyle
- Subjects
- *
PUBLIC education , *COLONISTS , *ANTI-clericalism , *EDUCATION , *HISTORY of republicanism , *FRENCH Third Republic , *NINETEENTH century , *HISTORY , *HISTORY of education ,FRENCH Algeria ,19TH century imperialism - Abstract
This article uses an 1881 revolt by settler students at the normal school of Algiers to explore issues of settler identity formation, anticlericalism, and racism. It argues that in the early Third Republic, settlers began to see the public school as a key site for creating a distinctly "Algerian" identity, one that excluded both Algerian Muslims and even new arrivals from the metropole. In this effort, settlers sought to implement radical versions of French republicanism and anticlericalism that were in reality highly restrictive, as they combined both metropolitan disdain for Catholicism and colonial scorn towards Islam. The investigations precipitated by the revolt reveal a colony and metropole whose fundamental concepts took shape in circuit between France and Algeria. The version of republicanism that emerged in Algeria served as an important precursor for the exclusive republicanism and its prohibitions on the public expression of faith in the ascendency in France today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. COMMÉMORER LE HÉROS RÉVOLUTIONNAIRE SOUS LA TROISIÈME RÉPUBLIQUE. L'EXEMPLE DES FÊTES DE LA TOUR D'AUVERGNE À CARHAIX (1872-1914).
- Author
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LE BLOAS, Alain
- Subjects
HISTORY of Brittany, France ,HOLIDAYS ,MALE heroes ,FRENCH Third Republic ,NINETEENTH century ,MANNERS & customs - Abstract
Copyright of Annales Historiques de la Révolution Française is the property of Librairie Armand Colin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
4. The "Franco-Russian Marseillaise": International Exchange and the Making of Antiliberal Politics in Fin de Siècle France.
- Author
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Hillis, Faith
- Subjects
- *
PUBLIC opinion , *FRENCH Third Republic , *TURN of the century (19th-20th century) , *NINETEENTH century , *HISTORY ,FRANCO-Russian Alliance, 1892 ,FRANCE-Russia relations ,RUSSIAN foreign relations, 1801-1917 - Abstract
The article considers popular opinions in France towards Russia during the fin-de-siècle which helped lead towards the Dual Alliance military treaty between the two countries. Topics explored include the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71, a comparative study of autocratic Tsarist Russia and France's democratic Third Republic, salons by pan-Slavic activists Olga Novikova, Princess Liza Trubetskaia, and Juliette Adam.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Doctors on Drugs: Medical Professionals and the Proliferation of Morphine Addiction in Nineteenth-Century France.
- Author
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Black, Sara E.
- Subjects
MORPHINE abuse ,PHYSICIANS ,MEDICATION abuse ,DRUG addiction ,SELF medication ,PROFESSIONALIZATION ,SECOND French Empire ,FRENCH Third Republic ,NINETEENTH century ,HISTORY - Abstract
This article examines doctors’ role in the spread of morphine addiction, or morphinomanie, in late nineteenth-century France and the impact of morphine’s use and abuse on medical professionalisation. Although in the 1860s and 1870s doctors had treated morphine as a sort of analgesic panacea, by the early 1880s they began to recognise morphine addiction as a serious social crisis. In a competitive medical marketplace, individual doctors used morphine’s analgesic power to enhance their own credibility in the eyes of their patients. However, this same substance also threatened the legitimacy of the medical profession, as doctors and patients alike succumbed to the new iatrogenic pathology of morphinomanie. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Strange Bedfellows at the Revue Wagnérienne: Wagnerism at the Fin de Siècle.
- Author
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Maynard, Kelly J.
- Subjects
- *
OPERA periodicals , *HISTORY of nationalism , *HISTORY of science , *FRENCH Third Republic , *NINETEENTH century , *HISTORY , *RELIGION , *INFLUENCE , *PERFORMANCES ,19TH century - Abstract
This article reexamines the legacy of Wagnerism in France through the lens of cultural and intellectual history. Taking the Revue wagnérienne (1885-88) as its central subject of analysis, it demonstrates that contributors to the Revue developed from Richard Wagner's work several strategies for transcending the Franco-German nationalist conflicts so trenchant in the 1880s. Falling beyond the confines of any one academic discipline or aesthetic category, the Wagnerism presented on the pages of the Revue wagnérienne borrowed from scientific thought, aesthetics, religion, and politics in equal measure. This comingling of approaches expressed by the authors suggests that Wagnerism in the 1880s created an intellectual space for seemingly contradictory perspectives to coexist. Grappling with Wagner's works and ideas, then, provided French intellectuals with an opportunity to imagine alternatives to many of the political, cultural, and ideological polarizations of the early Third Republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Le présent, un paradoxe dans l'enseignement de l'histoire? Le cas de l'histoire enseignée dans les lycées français (1870-1940).
- Author
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Hery, Evelyne
- Subjects
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HISTORY education in secondary schools , *HIGH school curriculum , *EDUCATION & politics , *EDUCATION , *HISTORY & politics , *FRENCH Third Republic , *HISTORY , *NINETEENTH century , *TWENTIETH century , *HISTORY of education , *HISTORIOGRAPHY - Abstract
D'une façon générale, l'enseignement de l'histoire a acquis une légitimité sociale du fait que l'étude du passé est censée délivrer aux élèves des clés de compréhension du présent, c'est-à-dire du temps où ils vivent. Mais ce topos ne dit rien du sens que donnent à cette expression les historiographies scolaires, inscrites dans des sociétés où l'expérience du passé a configuré le rapport qu'elles entretiennent avec les diverses facettes du temps. On peut donc se demander de quelles significations, selon les contextes et les aires géographiques, est chargée cette généralité, en d'autres termes historiciser la notion même "comprendre le présent". C'est ce questionnement qui a été appliqué à l'enseignement de l'histoire en France, pour la période 1870–1940 – celle de la Troisième République – où il a représenté, sept ans durant, un des piliers de la formation des élèves – masculins – de l'enseignement secondaire. Les républicains, arrivés au pouvoir après la défaite de 1871 contre la Prusse, entendaient en effet dispenser à la jeunesse française, appelée à constituer les futures élites de la nation, de solides connaissances historiques. L'enjeu était de taille: dans un pays affaibli et, de surcroît, divisé politiquement, il s'agissait de rassembler, autour de la nation et des valeurs républicaines, les forces du pays. Quel statut a donc donné au présent cet usage scolaire de l'étude du passé alors que les historiens, dans le contexte de professionnalisation de la discipline historique qui caractérise au 19è siècle les États-nations, posaient les règles de la critique érudite et affirmaient leur volonté d'élaborer une histoire qui ne servît que la "Vérité"? Nous avons ici distingué deux niveaux: d'une part celui des programmes et autres textes officiels complétés par les publications des historiens qui, à la fin du 19è siècle, dominent le paysage historiographique. En effet, Gabriel Monod, un des fondateurs en 1876 de la Revue historique dont l'objectif est de créer en France une école historique, Ernest Lavisse et leur cadet Charles Seignobos s'impliquent tous également dans la renaissance des études historiques savantes et dans l'organisation de l'histoire scolaire; d'autre part, les auteurs ont exploité les articles et rapports des revues pédagogiques, les cahiers d'élèves, les témoignages recueillis spontanément ou non, toutes traces qui, en nous introduisant à la connaissance de l'histoire enseignée, élargissent le spectre des sources de l'histoire de la discipline. Car si la périodisation établie par les programmes fait de l'étude du présent l'aboutissement de la connaissance du passé, il importe de se demander à quelles pratiques du présent a donné lieu ce que Lavisse appelait "la théorie de l'enseignement"? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Bismarck Ante Portas! Germany and the Seize Mai Crisis of 1877.
- Author
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Stone, James
- Subjects
- *
INFLUENCE , *CONSTITUTIONAL history , *SEPARATION of powers , *DIPLOMATIC history , *HISTORY of diplomacy , *FRANCO-Prussian War, 1870-1871 , *FRENCH Third Republic , *NINETEENTH century ,FRANCE-Germany relations ,GERMAN foreign relations ,FRENCH politics & government, 1870-1940 - Abstract
The seize mai crisis of 1877 was the occasion for last of the three war scares that punctuated Franco–German relations in the 1870s. However, it has not been given the detailed scrutiny it deserves. It was not only important for the amount of influence that Bismarck exerted during a six month period to influence the course of French domestic politics at a critical juncture. This crisis also provides a cipher for understanding the earlier crises of 1873–1874 and 1875 since the German Chancellor pursued his key objective of supporting the establishment of a republic much more openly in 1877 and his tactics are much better documented than in the earlier scares. A closer look at the events of 1877 reveals more continuity in both the means and ends used by Bismarck in his dealings with France during the mid-1870s than was previously thought. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Scenes of Perception and Revelation: Gender and Truth in Antidreyfusard Caricature.
- Author
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Everton, Elizabeth
- Subjects
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TRUTHFULNESS & falsehood in art , *DREYFUS Affair, France, 1894-1906 , *JEWS in art , *SYMBOLISM in art , *CARICATURE , *MARIANNE (French emblem) in art , *ANTISEMITISM , *FRENCH Third Republic , *NINETEENTH century - Abstract
Since Emile Zola's "J'accuse," the Dreyfus affair has often been conceptualized as a struggle between truth and raison d'état. In this interpretation, the antidreyfusards voluntarily cede any claim to the concept of truth in favor of arguments based in the exigencies of national security. This article suggests, however, that antidreyfusard rhetoric and imagery also employed a concept of truth: a subjective truth that depended on personal credibility as established through opposition to imagined enemies of France. The caricaturist Caran d'Ache represented this relational truth in scenes of antidreyfusard women identifying and rejecting dreyfusard or Jewish men. These scenes allowed the artist to emphasize the personal and conditional nature of this sort of truth by showing ambiguous sexualized or aggressive women acquiring credibility through their hostile interactions with dreyfusard or Jewish adversaries, thereby permitting the representation of a truth based on human interaction and relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Building Communities: Immigration, Occupation, and the Boundaries of Limousin Solidarity in Nineteenth-Century Paris.
- Author
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Silver, Kiva
- Subjects
- *
FRENCH Third Republic , *IMMIGRANTS , *SOLIDARITY , *LIMOUSINS , *SOCIAL networks , *NINETEENTH century , *HISTORY ,EMIGRATION & immigration in France ,HISTORY of Paris, France - Abstract
In contrast to a familiar assimilation model whereby peasants were "transformed into Frenchmen," this study of Limousin migrant masons illustrates how occupational specialization, rural-based social networking, and circular migration strategies encouraged residential concentration in Paris in the second half of the nineteenth century. After addressing circular migration and the characteristics of the building trades that promoted social networking, this study draws on census and electoral records to map the boundaries of Limousin solidarity in Paris during the Third Republic (1871-1914). Rather than constituting a "colony," Limousin migrant masons established "microcommunities" based on familial and village-based social ties. The article concludes with an analysis detailing the functions of residential concentration by considering how collective living arrangements in hôtels garnis (boardinghouses) enabled the procurement of work, maintained the cohesion of the work team, and promoted links connecting Paris to the Departments of the Haute-Vienne and the Creuse in central France. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. The Vendôme Column, 1871.
- Author
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HUDSON, ROGER
- Subjects
- *
FRANCO-Prussian War, 1870-1871 , *FRENCH Third Republic , *NINETEENTH century , *ART & politics ,PLACE Vendome (Paris, France) ,PARIS Commune, 1871 - Abstract
The article discusses the 1871 destruction of the Vendôme Column, situated at the Place Vendôme in Paris, France. In the period following the Franco-Prussian War, the Commune of Paris was established in France as the world's first socialist government. French realist painter Gustave Courbet was appointed President of the Commune’s Art Commission which oversaw the removal of the column on May 16th. After the establishment of the third republic in France, Courbet was held financially responsible for the re-erection of the column.
- Published
- 2014
12. The European Crisis and the Downfall of the French Republic.
- Author
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Simon, Yves R.
- Subjects
FRENCH Third Republic ,POLITICS & war ,WORLD War I ,NINETEENTH century ,SOCIAL history ,GERMAN occupation of France, 1914-1918 - Abstract
The article offers views of the author concerning downfall of the French Third Republic. The author says that it is true that France was defeated because she did not have enough tanks, planes and allies and also because there were many competent or careless men among her military and political leaders. He presents a sociological case history to explain France's defeat and the downfall of the Third Republic.
- Published
- 1941
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. On the Origins of Abstraction: Seurat and the Screening of History.
- Author
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Wright, Alastair
- Subjects
- *
HISTORY of abstract art , *FRENCH Third Republic , *ART & literature , *NINETEENTH century , *ART & politics ,PARIS Commune, 1871 - Abstract
It has often been noted that Seurat’s early paintings and drawings downplay representation in favour of an increased attention to formal properties. What remains unexplored is how this quality can be understood in relation to the politics of the French Third Republic. This essay argues that Seurat’s early work was haunted by political events (most notably the Paris Commune), and by aspects of the artistic past (specifically the radical associations of naturalism) that many wished in the early 1880s to forget. With reference to the writings of Marx and Zola, each of whom offered perceptive diagnoses of the Third Republic’s uncertain relation to the past, I read Seurat’s depiction of the Tuileries Palace ruins and his series of stonebreaker images as reflections upon this crisis in historical memory. Whilst the repetitive weave of paint and conté crayon from which these images are constituted might seem to predict the emphasis on pictorial structure that characterized later forms of abstraction, it is argued here that in Seurat’s work it operates as a screen that occludes but at the same recalls repressed histories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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