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Neutron and synchrotron facilities, which are beyond the scale of the laboratory, and supported on a national level in countries throughout the world. These tools for probing micro- and nano-structure research and on fast dynamics research of atomic location in materials have been key in the development of new polymer-based materials. Different from several existing professional books on neutron science, this book focuses on theory, instrumentation, an applications. The book is divided into five parts: Part 1 describes the underlying theory of neutron scattering. Part 2 describes the various instruments that exist and the various techniques used to achieve neutron scattering or bombardment. Part 3 discusses data treatment and simulation methods as well as how to assess the environment of the sample (temperature, pressure, shear, and external fields). Part 4 addresses the myriad applications of small and large molecules, biomolecules, and gels. Part 5 describes the various global neutron sources that exist and provides an overview of the different reactors.

ways in which the magnetic interaction between neutrons and magnetic moments can yield information on the magnetization densities of thin?lms and multilayers. I commend the organizers for having organized a group of expert lecturers to present this subject in a detailed but clear fashion, as the importance of the subject deserves. Argonne, IL S. K. Sinha Contents 1 The Interaction of X-Rays (and Neutrons) with Matter.............. 1 F. de Bergevin 1. 1 Introduction.............................................. 1 1. 2 Generalities and De?nitions................................ 2 1. 3 From the Scattering by an Object to the Propagation in a Medium. 14 1. 4 X-Rays.................................................. 26 1. 5 X-Rays: Anisotropic Scattering.............................. 47 1. A Appendix: the Born Approximation.......................... 54 References..................................................... 56 2 Statistical Aspects of Wave Scattering at Rough Surfaces............ 59 A. Sentenac and J. Daillant 2. 1 Introduction.............................................. 59 2. 2 Description of Randomly Rough Surfaces..................... 60 2. 3 Description of a Surface Scattering Experiment, Coherence Domains................................................. 67 2. 4 Statistical Formulation of the Diffraction Problem.............. 72 2. 5 Statistical Formulation of theScattered Intensity Under the Born Approximation........................................... 79 References..................................................... 84 3 Specular Re?ectivity from Smooth and Rough Surfaces............. 85 A. Gibaud and G. Vignaud 3. 1 The Re?ected Intensity from an Ideally Flat Surface............ 85 3. 2 X-Ray Re?ectivity in Strati?ed Media........................ 98 3. 3 From Dynamical to Kinematical Theory...................... 107 3. 4 In?uence of the Roughness on the Matrix Coef?cients.......... 111 3. A Appendix: The Treatment of Roughness in Specular Re?ectivity.. 113 3. B Appendix: Inversion of re?ectivity data.......................

Neutron scattering is an extremely powerful tool in the study of elemental excitations in condensed matter. This book provides a practical guide to basic techniques using a triple-axis spectrometer. Introductory chapters summarize useful scattering formulas and describe the components of a spectrometer, followed by a comprehensive discussion of the resolution function and focusing effects. Later sections include simple examples of phonon and magnon measurements, and an analysis of spurious effects in both inelastic and elastic measurements, and how to avoid them. Finally, polarization analysis techniques and their applications are covered. This guide will allow graduate students and experienced researchers new to neutron scattering to make the most efficient use of their experimental time.