8 results on '"Multi-messenger"'
Search Results
2. Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray, Neutrino, and Photon Propagation and the Multi-Messenger Approach.
- Author
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Taylor, Andrew, De Castro, Alexandra, and Castillo-Ruiz, Edith
- Subjects
- *
IONIZING radiation , *COSMIC rays , *ASTROPHYSICAL radiation , *NUCLEAR physics , *BARYONS - Abstract
The propagation of UHECR nuclei for A = 1 (protons) to A = 56 (iron) from cosmological sources through extragalactic space is discussed in the first lecture. This is followed in the second and third lectures by a consideration of the generation and propagation of secondary particles produced via the UHECR loss interactions. In the second lecture we focus on the generation of the diffuse cosmogenic UHE-neutrino flux. In the third lecture we investigate the arriving flux of UHE-photon flux at Earth. In the final lecture the results of the previous lectures are put together in order to provide new insights into UHECR sources. The first of these providing a means with which to investigate the local population of UHECR sources through the measurement of the UHECR spectrum and their photon fraction at Earth. The second of these providing contraints on the UHECR source radiation fields through the possible observation at Earth of UHECR nuclei. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Search for transient sources with the ANTARES and KM3NeT neutrino telescopes in the multi-messenger astronomy era
- Author
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Colomer Molla, Marta, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université de Paris, Universitat de Valencia (Espagne), Antoine Kouchner, and Juan de Dios Zornoza Gómez
- Subjects
Univers ,Astroparticules ,Transitoire ,[PHYS.PHYS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics] ,Supernova ,Astroparticles ,Astrophysics ,High-energy ,Transients ,Multi-messenger ,Haute energie ,Multi-messagers ,Neutrinos ,Astrophysique - Abstract
Two analyses are detailed in this thesis related to neutrino and multi-messenger astronomy with Cherenkov telescopes in the Mediterranean Sea. The first analysis explores the capabilities of the KM3NeT neutrino telescopes to detect the signal from a Galactic core-collapse supernova (CCSN), as well as the physical constraints that could be extracted from such a detection. Together with the Sun, CCSNe are the only confirmed sources of astrophysical neutrinos. A search method for these astrophysical neutrino sources with KM3NeT has been developed during this thesis, based on the analysis of the first data which has allowed for a good characterisation of the background and the detector performance. The results show that the KM3NeT detector might be sensitive to this MeV neutrino flux, with a coverage at 5σ discovery potential of more than 95% of Galactic CCSN progenitors. Therefore, KM3NeT will contribute to the observation of the next Galactic explosion. The CCSN analysis has been implemented in a real-time trigger, that is active since summer 2019. Moreover, it has yielded the first KM3NeT real-time results with the follow-up of the unmodelled candidate gravitational-wave (GW) events. These results have allowed the KM3NeT experiment to join the SNEWS network, to which all detectors sensitive to CCSN neutrino send their alerts. The second analysis exploits the data of the ANTARES neutrino telescope to search for high-energy neutrinos (TeV-PeV) in time and space coincidence with gravitational-wave sources and very-high energy gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). In fact, compact binary mergers and gamma-ray bursts have long been suggested as potential high-energy neutrino emitters. Typically, these searches look for muon neutrinos coming through the Earth (upgoing tracks). For the first time, all-flavors (including the so-called shower events) were included in this kind of searches. Moreover, these analyses have been applied to sources both below the ANTARES horizon (seen as upgoing events), and above the horizon of the ANTARES telescope (downgoing). This has lead to an improvement of sim15-30% for upgoing events and up to a 200% for searches above the horizon. The analyses carried out during the thesis yielded no neutrino in coincidence with any of the gravitational-wave sources from the first GW catalog, neither with the first GRBs detected at very high energies.; Deux analyses sont détaillées dans cette thèse portant sur l’astronomie à neutrinos et les aspects multi-messanger avec les télescopes de type Cherenkov dans la mer Méditerranée.La première analyse explore les capacités des télescopes à neutrinos KM3NeT pour détecter le signal provenant d’une explosion supernova à effondrement de cœur (CCSN) dans la Galaxie,ainsi que les contraintes physiques qui pourrait être extraites d’une telle détection. A part le Soleil, les explosions supernova sont les seules sources astrophysiques de neutrinos confirmées.Une méthode de recherche des neutrinos émis par ces sources a été développée pendant cette thèse, basée sur l’analyse des premières données de KM3NeT, ce qui a permis de caractériser le bruit de fond et la performance du détecteur. Les résultats obtenus montrent que KM3NeT sera sensible à ce flux de neutrinos aux énergies du MeV, avec une couverture de plus du 95 % des CCSN galactiques à 5 sigma de niveau de confiance. Ceci indique que KM3NeT va contribuer à l’observation de la prochaine explosion supernova Galactique. L’analyse supernova a été implémentée pour des recherches en temps réel et il est actif depuis l’été 2019. En fait, cette analyse a conduit aux premiers résultats de KM3NeT en temps réel avec le suivi des alertes des signaux d’ondes gravitationnelles (GW). Ces résultats ont fait possible l’incorporation de l’expérienceKM3NeT au réseau SNEWS, dont tous les détecteurs sensibles aux neutrinos de supernova font partie.La deuxième analyse utilise les données du télescope à neutrinos ANTARES pour chercher des neutrinos de haute énergie (TeV-PeV) en coïncidence temporelle et spatiale avec des sources d’ondes gravitationnelles et des premiers sursauts gamma (GRBs) détectés à très haute énergie. En fait, les collisions d’objets compacts dans des systèmes binaires et les sursauts gamma ont été suggérés pendant longtemps comme des potentielles sources de neutrinos cosmiques.Typiquement, ces recherches cherchent des neutrinos muoniques qui traversent la Terre, vus comme des longues traces montantes dans le détecteur. Pour la première fois, tous les saveurs de neutrinos, ce qui incluse ce qu’on appelle les événements avec une topologie de type cascade, ont été incorporés dans ce type d’analyse. D’autre part, cette analyse a été faite pour des sources au dessus (événements montants) et en dessous (événements descendant) de l’horizon d’ANTARES.Ceci a mené une amélioration de la sensitivité du télescope du 15-20% pour des analyses montants et jusqu’au 200 % pour des recherches d’événements descendants. Ces analyses ont donné comme résultat aucun neutrino détecté en coïncidence dans les données d'ANTARES avec les sources étudiées.
- Published
- 2020
4. Search for transient sources with the ANTARES and KM3NeT neutrino telescopes in the multi-messenger astronomy era
- Author
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Marta Colomer Molla, Zornoza Gómez, Juan de Dios, Kouchner, Antoine, Facultat de Física, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris Cité, Universitat de Valencia (Espagne), Antoine Kouchner, Juan de Dios Zornoza Gómez, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and Université de Paris
- Subjects
Univers ,astroparticles ,Astroparticules ,Transitoire ,[PHYS.PHYS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics] ,astrophysics ,UNESCO::FÍSICA ,neutrinos ,multi-messenger ,UNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA ,Transients ,gravitational waves ,FÍSICA [UNESCO] ,supernova ,Haute energie ,Multi-messagers ,high-energy ,Astrophysique ,ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA [UNESCO] - Abstract
En el presente manuscrito se expone el trabajo realizado en el seno de la Collaboración ANTARES-KM3NeT sobre la astronomía multi-mensanjero con neutrinos, que se ha enfocado en dos ejes: la detección de neutrinos de supernova a bajas energías (MeV) con los telecopios KM3NeT y la búsqueda de neutrinos de alta energía (TeV-PeV) en ANTARES en coincidencia con fuentes transitorias detectadas en ondas gravitationales o rayos gamma de muy alta energía O(TeV). El primer análisis, explora la capacidad de los telescopios de neutrinos KM3NeT para detectar la señal de una explosión de supernova (CCSN), así como el potencial de explotar dicha detección para aprender sobre la física que hay detrás, en particular la resolución del perfil temporal y el espectro en energía de esta señal. Junto con el Sol, las explosiones de supernova son la única fuente astrofísica de neutrinos que ha sido observada. Durante la tesis se ha desarrollado un método de búsqueda para detectar estos neutrinos astrofísicos de baja energía, que se basa en el análisis de los primeros datos de KM3NeT para caracterizar el ruido de fondo y la respuesta del detector. Los resultados de dicho análisis muestran que los detectores KM3NeT son sensibles a un flujo de neutrinos con energías del MeV, y serán capaces de detectar fuentes supernova en nuestra Galaxia con una probabilidad a 5 sigmas, y por tanto contribuirán a la observación de la próxima explosión Galáctica. Este análisis se ha implementado para búsquedas a tiempo real de forma que nos permita mandar alertas en caso en una detección probable, y está en funcionamiento constante desde 2019. De hecho, este análisis se ha aplicado al seguimiento de las alertas de eventos detectados por ondas gravitacionales como fuentes no modelizadas, que son posibles candidatos a ser supernova, lo que ha llevado a los primeros resultados multi-mensajero de KM3NeT. Además, los resultados de este análisis ha permitido que KM3NeT entre a formar parte de la colaboración SNEWS, que reúne a todos los detectores sensibles a la señal de neutrinos de supernova y recibe sus alertas. El segundo análisis, utiliza los datos del detector ANTARES para buscar neutrinos de alta energía (TeV-PeV) en coincidencia espacial y temporal con la detección de fuentes astrofísicas mediante otros mensajeros. En particular, con señales detectados por ondas gravitacionales (GWs) y con las primeras detecciones de “bursts” de rayos gamma (GRBs) a muy alta energía O(TeV) por telescopios de tipo Cherenkov (IATC’s). De hecho, las colisiones de objetos compactos en sistemas binarios (fuentes de ondas gravitacionales) y las fuentes de rayos gamma energéticos, han sido sugeridos durante mucho tiempo como posibles emisores de neutrinos cósmicos. De normal, las búsquedas de fuentes de neutrinos se centran en neutrinos muónicos que atraviesan la tierra antes de ser detectados en el detector (trazas ascendentes), lo que permite de deshacerse del ruido de fondo de los muones atmosféricos. Por primera vez, todos los sabores de neutrinos (incluyendo los llamados eventos de tipo cascada) han sido considerados en esto tipo de análisis. Además, la búsqueda realizada en el este trabajo, es aplicable a fuentes tanto por encima como por debajo del horizonte de ANTARES (eventos ascendentes y descendentes), lo que permite una cobertura de todo el cielo. Esto es posible gracias a las reducidas ventanas espacial y temporal utilizadas. Los análisis multi-mensajero con ANTARES llevados a cabo durante la tesis han dado resultado que no se han encontrado neutrinos en coincidencia con ninguno de los señales GWs ni GRBs considerados en las búsquedas. Sin embargo, los resultados de este análisis muestran una mejora de la sensibilidad de un 15-30% para fuentes en el horizonte de ANTARES, y hasta un 200% cuando la búsqueda utiliza eventos descendentes, y han llevado a los mejores límites de emisión de neutrinos publicados por ANTARES para este tipo de fuentes. Two analyses are detailed in this thesis related to neutrino and multi-messenger astronomy with Cherenkov telescopes in the Mediterranean Sea. The first analysis explores the capabilities of the KM3NeT neutrino telescopes to detect the signal from a Galactic core-collapse supernova (CCSN), as well as the physical constraints that could be extracted from such a detection. Together with the Sun, CCSNe are the only confirmed sources of astrophysical neutrinos. A search method for these astrophysical neutrino sources with KM3NeT has been developed during this thesis, based on the analysis of the first data which has allowed for a good characterisation of the background and the detector performance. The results show that the KM3NeT detector might be sensitive to this MeV neutrino flux, with a coverage at 5 sigma discovery potential of more than 95% of Galactic CCSN progenitors. Therefore, KM3NeT will contribute to the observation of the next Galactic explosion. The CCSN analysis has been implemented in a real-time trigger, that is active since summer 2019. Moreover, it has yielded the first KM3NeT real-time results with the follow-up of the unmodelled candidate gravitational-wave (GW) events. These results have allowed the KM3NeT experiment to join the SNEWS network, to which all detectors sensitive to CCSN neutrino send their alerts. The second analysis exploits the data of the ANTARES neutrino telescope to search for high-energy neutrinos (TeV-PeV) in time and space coincidence with gravitational-wave sources and very-high energy gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). In fact, compact binary mergers and gamma-ray bursts have long been suggested as potential high-energy neutrino emitters. Typically, these searches look for muon neutrinos coming through the Earth (upgoing tracks). For the first time, all-flavors (including the so-called shower events) were included in this kind of searches. Moreover, these analyses have been applied to sources both below the ANTARES horizon (seen as upgoing events), and above the horizon of the ANTARES telescope (downgoing). This has lead to an improvement of 15-30% for upgoing events and up to a 200% for searches above the horizon. The analyses carried out during the thesis yielded no neutrino in coincidence with any of the gravitational-wave sources from the first GW catalog, neither with the first GRBs detected at very high energies.
- Published
- 2020
5. Neutrinos and co. - Multi-messenger analyses with neutrinos
- Author
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Dornic, Damien, Dornic, Damien, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Aix-Marseille, and Cristinel Diaconu
- Subjects
astronomy ,astroparticle ,neutrinos ,multi-messenger ,astronomie ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,astroparticule ,[PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] - Published
- 2020
6. Multimessenger astronomy with the Einstein Telescope.
- Author
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Chassande-Mottin, Eric, Hendry, Martin, Sutton, Patrick J., and M&,2#x00E1;rka, Szabolcs
- Abstract
Gravitational waves (GWs) are expected to play a crucial role in the development of multimessenger astrophysics. The combination of GW observations with other astrophysical triggers, such as from gamma-ray and X-ray satellites, optical/radio telescopes, and neutrino detectors allows us to decipher science that would otherwise be inaccessible. In this paper, we provide a broad review from the multimessenger perspective of the science reach offered by the third generation interferometric GW detectors and by the Einstein Telescope (ET) in particular. We focus on cosmic transients, and base our estimates on the results obtained by ET's predecessors GEO, LIGO, and Virgo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. SEARCH FOR GAMMA-RAY COUNTERPARTS OF GRAVITATIONAL WAVE EVENTS AND OTHER TRANSIENT SIGNALS WITH HAWC
- Author
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Martinez Castellanos, Israel
- Subjects
gamma rays ,gravitational waves ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,neutrinos ,multi-messenger ,Astrophysics ,HAWC - Abstract
In recent years we have seen major advances in multi-messenger astronomy. A milestone was achieved by identifying the electromagnetic counterpart of the gravitational wave event GW170817 detected by LIGO and Virgo. Similar efforts led to a set of neutrinos detected by IceCube to be associated with the blazar TXS 0506+056. Both demonstrate the potential of using multiple types of probes to study an astrophysical source. The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory (HAWC), located in the state of Puebla, Mexico, is a wide field instrument (~2 sr) sensitive to very-high-energy gamma rays (~0.1-100 TeV) which can operate with a large duty cycle (>95%). These characteristics make it well suited to look for transient events correlated with other astronomical messengers. In this work we present a maximum likelihood analysis framework developed to search and analyze signals in HAWC data of arbitrary timescales. We apply this method to search for very-high-energy gamma-ray counterparts of gravitational waves in short timescales (0.3-1000 s). We show that we would be able to either detect or meaningfully constrain the very-high-energy component of a gamma-ray burst within the binary neutron star merger horizon of current gravitational wave detectors if it occurs in our field of view. We did not find evidence for emission for any of the events analyzed. The source location of GW170817 was not observable by HAWC at the time of the merger. We also set flux upper bounds for TXS 0506+056 during the periods when the neutrino flares were identified. For the flare between September 2014 and March 2015 these are the only available limits at very high energy, and are consistent with the low state in high-energy gamma rays reported by the Fermi-LAT Collaboration.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Monitoring and Multi-Messenger Astronomy with IceCube.
- Author
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Reimann, René
- Subjects
GAMMA ray astronomy ,NEUTRINO detectors ,ASTRONOMY ,NEUTRINOS ,ENERGY measurement - Abstract
IceCube currently is the largest neutrino observatory with an instrumented detection volume of 1 km
3 buried in the ice-sheet close to the antarctic South Pole station. With a 4 π field of view and an up-time of >99%, it is continuously monitoring the full sky to detect astrophysical neutrinos. With the detection of an astrophysical neutrino flux in 2013, IceCube opened a new observation window to the non-thermal Universe. The IceCube collaboration has a large program to search for astrophysical neutrinos, including measurements of the energy spectrum of the diffuse astrophysical flux, auto- and cross-correlation studies with other multi-messenger particles, and a real-time alert and follow-up system. On 22 September 2017, the IceCube online system sent out an alert reporting a high-energy neutrino event. This alert triggered a series of multi-wavelength follow-up observations that revealed a spatially-coincident blazar TXS 0506+056, which was also in an active flaring state. This correlation was estimated at a 3 σ level. Further observations confirmed the flaring emission in the very-high-energy gamma-ray band. In addition, IceCube found an independent 3.5 σ excess of a time-variable neutrino flux in the direction of TXS 0506+056 two years prior to the alert by examining 9.5 years of archival neutrino data. These are the first multi-messenger observations of an extra-galactic astrophysical source including neutrinos since the observation of the supernova SN1987A. This review summarizes the different detection and analysis channels for astrophysical neutrinos in IceCube, focusing on the multi-messenger program of IceCube and its major scientific results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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