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The rat acoustic cortex has been studied at light optic and ultrastructural levels under the white noise stimulation. After the noise stimulation for 7 days, micropunctate hemorrhages, proliferation and hypertrophy in cells of microglia and astrocytic glia are noted. After the noise stimulation for 21 days, the neuroglial reaction becomes less pronounced, there are no hemorrhages, a great amount of neurons with peripheral and total chromatolysis appear. In other neurons, as well as in all types of neuroglia the number of primary lysosomes increases, their structure changes. In lysosomes lipofuscin and lipid drops are accumulating, many of lysosomes turning into multivesicular bodies. The destructive changes observed in the neurons and neuroglia underlie prolonged disturbances in the higher neural activity after the noise stimulation is stopped.

Nuclear ultrastructure of neurons and glial cells of the rat sensomotor cortex was studied under chronic alcoholic intoxication. During 24 h the animals drank up about 10 ml of 20 degrees alcohol. In the course of prolonged alcoholic intoxication there occurred processes leading to deformation of the nuclei of neurons and glial cells and to the deficiency of nuclear and cytoplasmic substances. These changes are regarded as an atrophic process responsible for the corrugation of the nucleus and diminution of the cell size.