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Necroptosis is a form of regulated cell death that depends on the receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 3 (RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL). The molecular mechanisms underlying distinct instances of necroptosis have only recently begun to emerge. In the present study, we characterized RABGEF1 as a positive regulator of RIPK1/RIPK3 activation in vitro. Based on the overexpression and knockdown experiments, we determined that RABGEF1 accelerated the phosphorylation of RIPK1 and promoted necrosome formation in L929 cells. The pro-necrotic effect of RABGEF1 is associated with its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity. We further confirmed that RABGEF1 interacts with cIAP1 protein by inhibiting its function and plays a regulatory role in necroptosis, which can be abolished by treatment with the antagonist Smac mimetic (SM)-164. In conclusion, our study highlights a potential and novel role of RABGEF1 in promoting TNF-induced cell necrosis., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest No conflict of interest exits in the submission of this manuscript. All authors listed have approved the manuscript that is enclosed and declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Necroptosis is a form of regulated cell death that has been implicated in multiple diseases. TNF-induced necroptosis is regulated by necrosomes, complexes consisting of RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL. In this study, by screening of a small-compound library, we identified dozens of compounds that inhibited TNF-induced necroptosis. According to the mechanisms by which they inhibited necroptosis, these compounds were classified into different groups. We then identified Ibrutinib as an inhibitor of RIPK3 and found that Quizartinib protected against the TNF-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome in mice by inhibiting the activation of RIPK1. Altogether, our work revealed dozens of necroptosis inhibitors, suggesting new potential approaches for treating necroptosis-related diseases., (© 2023. Springer Nature Limited.)