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12 results on '"energy carriers"'

1. PROSPECTS FOR AZERBAIJAN'S PARTICIPATION IN THE DIVERSIFICATION OF ENERGY SOURCES AND REDUCING THE RISKS OF ENERGY SUPPLY FAILURE TO EUROPE.

Author

Gasumov, Eldar, Gasumov, Ramiz, Suleymanov, Gazanfar, and Kurbanov, Khalig

Subjects
*NATURAL gas, *POWER resources
Abstract

The article considers the prospects for Azerbaijan's participation in the diversification of energy supplies to the European market, in the conditions of the energy crisis due to the difficult geopolitical situation in the world. Possible ways to reduce the serious risks of failures in the supply of energy resources while ensuring the energy security of the countries of the European continent are given. The negative impact of the crisis that has arisen in the energy market on the global energy supply chain to the EU countries and on the state of the world economy is analyzed. Steps taken by the EU to radically increase supply via traditional EU import routes as well as completely new sources of energy are examined. Various measures implemented by European countries to ensure their own energy security, including the diversification of the supply of energy resources used to generate energy, including through non-renewable mineral substances, renewable organic resources and a number of natural processes, are considered. The ongoing measures in connection with the energy crisis have been considered in order to reduce the negative consequences for the economies of the EU countries. The high potential of Azerbaijan is noted as a country rich in energy resources, and having all the necessary opportunities to influence the state of the gas market in Europe and diversify energy resources in the EU countries by expanding the export of Azerbaijani gas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023

2. RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE PRODUCTION AND TRANSPORTATION OF NATURAL GAS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE ECONOMIC CRISIS IN THE ENERGY MARKET.

Author

Gasumov, Eldar, Gasumov, Ramiz, Suleymanov, Gazanfar, and Gurbanov, Khalig

Subjects
*NATURAL gas production, *RISK assessment, *FINANCIAL crises
Abstract

The article considers possible specific risks in the production and transportation of natural gas from Azerbaijan to the European continent in the context of the economic crisis in the world energy market. It is stated that the effective management of strategic, as well as specific risks, should be based on a comprehensive identification and description of the risks that determine the key indicators of the gas industry. The necessity of ways to minimize political and economic risks to ensure uninterrupted and reliable export of natural gas from the AR to the countries of the continent, including alternative routes for the transportation of natural gas, taking into account the risk of the transit country, is substantiated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022

3. Die Energieträger Wasserstoff, Erdgas und Autogas im Vergleich – Teil II.

Author

Grofe, Theodor and Rubner, Isabel

Subjects
*NATURAL gas, *HYDROGEN as fuel, *ENTHALPY, *COMBUSTION, *INTERNAL combustion engines
Abstract

This article discusses the examination of energy carriers like hydrogen, natural gas and LPG in regards to their combustion enthalpy with simple school experiments. As a continuation of Part I of the comparative analysis of the energy carriers hydrogen, natural gas and LPG, the measurements and results will be optimized in this publication. The optimization of the measurement results succeeds with more elaborate experimentation material. Therefore, the experiments will be more demonstration experiments rather than student experiments. Due to the use of the combustion calorimeter the results are close to literature values for calorific values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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4. FEATURES OF RUSSIA–ASEAN ECONOMIC RELATIONS IN THE SPHERE OF ENERGY CARRIERS IN THE MODERN PERIOD: POSSIBILITIES AND PERSPECTIVES

Author

E. A. Kuznetsov

Subjects
russia, asean, energy carriers, oil, natural gas, trade, investments, economic relations, Economics as a science, HB71-74, Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence, K1-7720
Abstract

Objective: to define the character and features of economic relations between Russia and ASEAN in the sphere of energy carriers in the modern period. Method: abstract-logical. Results: basing on the estimations and analysis of economic relations between Russia and ASEAN in the sphere of energy carriers, possibilities for the further cooperation strengthening are revealed. Scientific novelty: the current condition and possibilities for the further cooperation strengthening are researched concerning Russia and ASEAN relations in the development of their nature complexes under the lack of systematized statistical data in the mentioned sphere of mutual trade. The probably influence of the Russia phenomenon is shown on the established relations of ASEAN with other states of Asian-Pacific region in the sphere of energy carriers. Practical value: The research data can be used to deepen the understanding of the poorly-studied energy complex of ASEAN. The marked possibilities for cooperation will allow to continue the bilateral dialogue under competition for the access to the markets of China, Japan, and Korea.

Published
2013

5. Energy and the puzzle of Italy's economic growth.

Author

Toninelli, Pier Angelo

Subjects
*ECONOMIC development, *ENERGY policy, *POWER resources, *WATER power, *NUCLEAR energy, *HISTORY, ECONOMIC conditions in Italy
Abstract

Even though energy has played a pivotal role in shaping the pattern of Italian economic development, it has long been neglected and has only recently begun to attract the attention of historians of the Italian economy. We still lack a global diachronic analysis linking energy, growth and environment endowments, and while the present contribution does not aspire to offer a complete treatment of such a complex question it does attempt to summarize the main outlines of Italy's economic growth and to offer some preliminary answers to the question of in what ways have the scarcity of raw materials and particularly of primary energy sources, affected Italian economic growth. In answering that question, the article draws on series of quantitative data about the patterns of energy sources and consumption to show how these relate to the main phases of Italian economic growth since unification history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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6. Greenhouse gas reduction benefits and costs of a large-scale transition to hydrogen in the USA

Author

Chella Rajan, Michael Lazarus, Benjamin R. K. Runkle, Amanda Fencl, Sivan Kartha, Alison Bailie, and William Dougherty

Subjects
Benefits and costs, Infra structures, Economics, Natural resource economics, Nuclear fuel reprocessing, alternative fuel, emission control, Natural gas, environmental policy, Hydrogen economy, Greenhouse Gas emissions, Climate change, Climatology, Energy, Effective responses, Global warming, Scale transitions, Energy security, Carbon energies, Energy planning, Gas industry, Greenhouse gases, General Energy, Fuel cycles, greenhouse gas, carbon emission, Gases, Energy needs, Coal gas, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Energy carriers, Ghg emissions, Metropolitan areas, alternative energy, Hydrogen economies, Leakage (fluid), Energy supply, Investments, Gas emissions, Energy carrier, Carbon sources, Fossil fuels, business.industry, cost-benefit analysis, Fossil fuel, Greenhouse gas reductions, Environmental engineering, Greenhouses, United States, Oxygen, metropolitan area, Nonmetals, hydrogen, Greenhouse gas, Air quality, North America, Environmental science, business, Energy securities, energy policy
Abstract

Hydrogen is an energy carrier able to be produced from domestic, zero-carbon sources and consumed by zero-pollution devices. A transition to a hydrogen-based economy could therefore potentially respond to climate, air quality, and energy security concerns. In a hydrogen economy, both mobile and stationary energy needs could be met through the reaction of hydrogen (H2) with oxygen (O2). This study applies a full fuel cycle approach to quantify the energy, greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs), and cost implications associated with a large transition to hydrogen in the United States. It explores a national and four metropolitan area transitions in two contrasting policy contexts: a "business-as-usual" (BAU) context with continued reliance on fossil fuels, and a "GHG-constrained" context with policies aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions. A transition in either policy context faces serious challenges, foremost among them from the highly inertial investments over the past century or so in technology and infrastructure based on petroleum, natural gas, and coal. A hydrogen transition in the USA could contribute to an effective response to climate change by helping to achieve deep reductions in GHG emissions by mid-century across all sectors of the economy; however, these reductions depend on the use of hydrogen to exploit clean, zero-carbon energy supply options. � 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2009
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7. A CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WORLD FUEL-AND-ENERGY COMPLEX

Subjects
структура энергетического сектора, нефть, природный газ, уголь, гидроэлектроэнергия, возобновляемые источники энергии, атомная энергетика, энергопотребление, энергоносители, энергетическая политика, економіка, національна економіка, structure of power sector, oil, natural gas, coal, hydroelectricity, renewable energy sources, nuclear power industry, energy consumption, energy carriers, energy policy, структура енергетичного сектору, нафта, природний газ, вугілля, гідроелектроенергія, відновлювані джерела енергії, ядерна енергетика, енергоспоживання, енергоносії, енергетична політика
Abstract

У статті на основі оцінки сучасних тенденцій розвитку світового паливно-енергетичного комплексу (ПЕК) з використанням останнього прогнозу Міжнародного енергетичного агентства (МЕА) уточнено пріоритетні напрями розвитку ПЕК України., В статье на основе оценки современных тенденций развития мирового топливно-энергетического комплекса (ТЭК) с использованием последнего прогноза Международного энергетического агентства (МЭА) уточнены приоритетные направления развития ТЭК Украины., The author, based on the assessment of the modern development tendencies of the world fuel-and-energy complex (FEC) and with the use of the recent forecast by the International Energy Agency (IEA), specifies the priority guidelines of the development of Ukraine’s fuel-and-energy complex.

Published
2015

8. Economics of education science development

Subjects
coal, hydroelectricity, education service, образовательные услуги, nuclear power industry, education foundation, structure of power sector, oil, natural gas, экономика образования, energy consumption, учреждение образования, renewable energy sources, financing of education, финансирование образования, energy carriers, energy policy, Economics of Education
Abstract

Проведено аналіз кількості та складу освітніх закладів України, реформування сфери освіти України. Досліджено розвиток економічних відносин у освітній діяльності, управління системою освіти та розглянуто розвиток економіки освіти як науки. It was made analysis of quantity and composition of education foundations in Ukraine, directions reform education branch in Ukraine. It was research the development of economic relations in education, management in education system and considered education economic science development. Проведено анализ количества и состава образовательных учреждений Украины, реформирование отрасли образования Украины. Исследовано развитие экономических отношений в образовании, управление системой образования и рассмотрено развитие экономики образования как науки.

Published
2014

9. A conceptual model of the development of the world fuel-and-energy complex

Subjects
энергетическая политика, уголь, структура энергетического сектора, нафта, oil, возобновляемые источники энергии, енергоспоживання, вугілля, природний газ, energy consumption, структура енергетичного сектору, renewable energy sources, ядерна енергетика, energy carriers, энергопотребление, coal, hydroelectricity, энергоносители, гідроелектроенергія, nuclear power industry, енергетична політика, structure of power sector, нефть, енергоносії, natural gas, гидроэлектроэнергия, природный газ, атомная энергетика, відновлювані джерела енергії, energy policy
Abstract

У статті на основі оцінки сучасних тенденцій розвитку світового паливно-енергетичного комплексу (ПЕК) з використанням останнього прогнозу Міжнародного енергетичного агентства (МЕА) уточнено пріоритетні напрями розвитку ПЕК України. В статье на основе оценки современных тенденций развития мирового топливно-энергетического комплекса (ТЭК) с использованием последнего прогноза Международного энергетического агентства (МЭА) уточнены приоритетные направления развития ТЭК Украины. В статье на основе оценки современных тенденций развития мирового топливно-энергетического комплекса (ТЭК) с использованием последнего прогноза Международного энергетического агентства (МЭА) уточнены приоритетные направления развития ТЭК Украины.

Published
2014

10. Unlocking the Potential for Private Sector Participation in District Heating

Author

International Finance Corporation

Subjects
HEAT TARIFFS, FUEL COSTS, INVESTMENT, DISTRICT HEATING NETWORKS, HEAT ENERGY, POWER PLANT, WOOD FUEL, THERMAL ENERGY, RESIDENTIAL CONSUMERS, APPROACH, ELECTRICITY PRICE, COLD WATER, BOILER, ENERGY DEVELOPMENT, EMPLOYMENT, WATER, BOILER HOUSES, EMISSIONS, ELECTRICITY PRODUCERS, PILOT PROJECTS, FOSSIL, RENEWABLE ENERGY, INVESTMENTS, WOOD FUELS, GEOTHERMAL SOURCES, TRANSMISSION SYSTEM, ENERGY GENERATION, OIL, ENERGY SAVINGS, OPTIONS, COAL MINES, ENERGY CARRIERS, GAS, PLANT OWNER, BALANCE, ACTIVITIES, DOMESTIC HEATING, HEAT PRODUCTION, GENERATION CAPACITY, BIOGAS, TURBINES, FOREST RESIDUES, ENERGY SYSTEMS, WOOD RESIDUES, PIPELINE, CLEANER, CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY, ENERGY SUPPLY, HEAT METERING, POWER PLANTS, TARIFF, HOT WATER SUPPLY, HYDROPOWER, NATURAL GAS PRICES, BOILERS, INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES, NATURAL GAS MARKET, GEOTHERMAL ENERGY, HEAT TRANSMISSION, RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION, POLLUTION, PRICES, PUBLIC UTILITIES, POWER GRID, FUEL SUPPLY, POWER PRODUCTION CAPACITY, FUEL SWITCHING, FUEL OIL, STEAM TURBINES, TARIFF STRUCTURE, PRIMARY FUEL, ELECTRICITY SALES, FOSSIL FUEL, GAS PRICES, ENERGY STRATEGY, HEATING SYSTEMS, GENERATION, ENERGY PRODUCTION, TURBINE, FUEL, ELECTRICITY, BIOMASS, POWER PRODUCER, ENERGY, COAL, BIOMASS CONVERSION, DOMESTIC COAL, ELECTRICITY GENERATION, CARBON DIOXIDE, TRANSMISSION GRID, HEATING SYSTEM, ALTERNATIVE FUELS, COSTS OF ENERGY PRODUCTION, PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY, THERMAL PLANT, POWER PRODUCTION, FACILITIES, PROVISION OF HEAT, HEAT GENERATION, CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS, FUEL USE, CONNECTED HOUSEHOLDS, ENERGY PLANNING, PRICE, DISTRICT HEATING, FUELS, HEAT TARIFF, GAS TURBINE, HEATING ENERGY, CARBON TAXES, POWER, RENEWABLE SOURCES, GEOTHERMAL RESOURCES, HEAT, COGENERATION, BIOMASS FUELS, NATURAL GAS, THERMAL CAPACITY, UTILITIES, TARIFF STRUCTURES, HEAT SALES, DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS, KILOWATT HOUR, HEAVY FUEL OIL, ENERGY EFFICIENCY, DISCHARGE FACILITIES, BOILER PLANTS, COLD WATER SUPPLY, HOT WATER, AVAILABILITY, HEAT SUPPLY, GAS TURBINE TECHNOLOGY, WIND, COAL GAS, OPEN MARKETS, EFFICIENCY INVESTMENTS, HEAT PUMPS, ENERGY SOURCES, DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEM, ENERGY EFFICIENCY INVESTMENTS, EMISSION, TARIFF LEVELS
Abstract

The report analyzes barriers to and opportunities for private sector participation in district heating (DH) in the Western Balkan countries of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo, and Serbia, as well as in Mongolia and Ukraine. Specifically, the report analyzes the legal and regulatory frameworks for public-private partnerships (PPP) and for DH in each of the countries,including an overview of the primary and secondary legislation, PPP preparation and approval processes, institutional setup of the DH sector, heat tariff-setting procedures, etc. In addition, the report describes international best practice for various business models for private sector participation in DH and provides country-specific recommendations to improve the attractiveness of PPP in the DH sector. Finally, the report provides an estimation of the investment needs in the DH sector by country and indicates selected investment projects, which are conservatively assessed at 1.5 billion dollars.

Published
2014

11. Scaling Up Clean Cooking Solutions : The Context, Status, Barriers and Key Drivers

Author

Ekouevi, Koffi

Subjects
AFFORDABILITY, MICRO-CREDIT, HEAT TRANSFER, WILDLIFE HABITAT, CARBON FINANCE, ENERGY ACCESS, APPROACH, SOLAR HOME, ENERGY POVERTY, SOLID FUELS, COOKING, TRANSACTION COSTS, CROP RESIDUES, ENERGY DEVELOPMENT, CARBON MARKETS, DEVELOPMENT FINANCE INSTITUTION, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, POLLUTANTS, SUSTAINABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT, DEBT INVESTMENT, EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN, EMISSIONS, FOSSIL, INVESTMENT CAPITAL, RENEWABLE ENERGY, POOR ACCESS, EMISSIONS REDUCTION, SOLID FUEL, DIESEL, ENERGY SECTOR, FUELWOOD, ENERGY OUTLOOK, ENERGY CARRIERS, FOREST COVER, CONSUMER CONFIDENCE, BLACK CARBON, FOSSIL FUELS, BIOGAS, MICRO-FINANCE, BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY, PRICE COMPETITIVENESS, GREENHOUSE GAS, ENERGY SYSTEMS, FUEL EFFICIENCY, INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS, MODERN FUELS, INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES, FOREST RESOURCES, FOREST MANAGEMENT, INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY, ACCESS TO INVESTMENT, COMBUSTION, ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT, INTERNATIONAL FINANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY, DEVELOPMENT FINANCE, CHARCOAL, PETROLEUM, GLOBAL WARMING, ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY, ENERGY MANAGEMENT, HOUSEHOLD ACCESS, FUEL SWITCHING, FUEL CONSUMPTION, FLEXIBLE REPAYMENT, BOTTOM LINE, CROP, COOKING STOVES, GRID SYSTEMS, DEBT, EFFICIENT STOVES, FACILITATION, EMISSION REDUCTIONS, FOSSIL FUEL, WORKING CAPITAL, ENERGY ASSESSMENT, HUMAN RIGHTS, CULTURAL BARRIERS, RETURN ON INVESTMENT, ENERGY PROJECT, CASH FLOW, GREENHOUSE, SOLAR HOME SYSTEMS, COMMERCIAL LOANS, HUSBAND, GENERATION, ENERGY POLICY, TRADITIONAL BIOMASS, CLIMATE CHANGE, EMPOWERMENT, ENTREPRENEURS, FUEL, WOOD, ELECTRICITY, GREEN ENERGY, UNIVERSAL ACCESS, FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY, COAL, BLOCK GRANTS, CARBON REVENUES, CARBON MARKET, CARBON CREDITS, FORESTS, TROPICAL DEFORESTATION, BIOMASS RESOURCE, CARBON DIOXIDE, EQUITY INVESTMENT, GREENHOUSE-GAS, GEF, LENDERS, BUSINESS PLANS, CLEANER FUELS, REPAYMENT COSTS, GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS, SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, AIR, ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CLOUDS, APPLIANCES, HOUSEHOLD FUELS, ANIMAL DUNG, FOREST, GENDER DIFFERENCES, SMALL ENTERPRISES, VILLAGE, CO, AIR POLLUTION, BUSINESS PLAN, ENERGY SECURITY, FUEL USE, AFFORDABLE PRICES, CO2, DONOR FUNDS, HOUSEHOLDS, LPG, RURAL AREA, CONSUMER FINANCE, CLIMATE SYSTEM, FUELS, HEATING ENERGY, SOCIAL ENTERPRISES, COOKING FUELS, ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PROGRAM, COMBUSTION EFFICIENCY, ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES, HEAT, KEROSENE, SUSTAINABLE ENERGY, INTERNATIONAL BANK, NATURAL GAS, PRODUCTION OF CHARCOAL, MICROFINANCE, SOFT CREDIT, LIGHTING, ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY, AVAILABILITY, HEATING, ENERGY PRODUCTS, PROFIT MARGIN, CLIMATE, ENERGY SERVICES, VILLAGE ENERGY, CAPACITY BUILDING, HOUSEHOLD ENERGY, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, AFFORESTATION, LACK OF AWARENESS, URBAN AREAS, ECOSYSTEM, GHG, GENDER, HUSBANDS, SOCIAL NETWORKS, EMISSION, LACK OF INFORMATION, CLEAN FUELS, ADVISORY SERVICES
Abstract

The nexus of improved energy access, direct health benefits and reduced indoor air pollution can be achieved in part through expanding access to clean cookstoves and fuels. This is of particular significance to approximately three billion people, mainly in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, who still rely on solid fuels (traditional biomass and coal) for cooking and heating. Large-scale adoption and sustained use of clean cookstoves is not materializing due to a variety of context specific barriers both on the consumer and producer/distributor sides. While financing in terms of a lack of investment and working capital appear to be constraints for producers, lack of information, awareness, and cultural barriers dominate for consumers and should not be underestimated. Addressing these challenges requires a multi-pronged approach across four key drivers that have been identified through reviewing successful programs: awareness raising; markets and preferences; technologies and standards; and innovative financing.

Published
2013

12. Performance optimization of advanced H2/air cycle power plants based on natural gas partial oxidation

Author

Marco Gambini and Michela Vellini

Subjects
Energy carrier, Engineering, Power station, partial oxidation, Combined cycle, business.industry, gas fuels, hydrogen, oxidation, thermal effects, energy carriers, hydrogen production section, power plants, Mechanical engineering, law.invention, Renewable energy, Fuel gas, law, Natural gas, Settore ING-IND/09 - Sistemi per l'Energia e L'Ambiente, Process engineering, business, Hydrogen production, Syngas
Abstract

In this paper the overall performance of an advanced combined cycle (CC) and of a new advanced mixed cycle (AMC), fed by hydrogen-rich fuel gas, has been evaluated. Obviously, hydrogen must be produced and here we have chosen the partial oxidation of natural gas for its production, quantifying all the thermal and electric requirements. At first, a simple combination between hydrogen production section and power section is performed. In fact, the heat loads of the first section can be satisfied (nearly completely) by using the various raw syngas cooling, but in this case it is not possible to use any part of this heat in the power section. The final result is an overall efficiency of about 44%. Then, by using the Pinch Technology, a more efficient, even if more complex, solution can be conceived; in this case the overall efficiency becomes very interesting especially for the AMC (efficiency is over 50%). This result is very important with the view of a transition toward a “clean energy” economy, based on an energy carrier such as hydrogen.Copyright © 2006 by ASME

Published
2006

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