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Environmental problems have become a major factor affecting the world's economic development. In order to reduce environmental pollution and improve environmental quality. This paper takes Guangdong Province as the research object, adopts the basic principles of human capital method and medical cost usage environmental pollution loss cost, incorporates environmental factors into the national economic accounting system, establishes the green GDP cost accounting method, and develops the environmental pollution economic loss accounting index; it adopts the environmental pollution economic loss accounting method, counts the number of affected objects within the scope of environmental pollution, so as to establish a comprehensive environmental economic accounting system, incorporating environmental factors into the economic system; the economic losses calculated in accordance with the established environmental pollution accounting procedures, converting tangible losses into monetary losses and counting the environmental pollution costs caused by the economy of Guangdong Province, analyzing the root causes of the deficiencies and problems in environmental damage cost control in Guangdong Province, and proposing methods to effectively control the costs of air, water, solid waste, and polluted environment. The results of the study provide a new direction and basis for future industrial pollution control in Guangdong Province and take into account both social and economic benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]