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The size of silver nanoparticles plays a crucial role in their ultimate application in the medical and industrial fields, as their efficacy is enhanced by decreasing dimensions. This study presents two chemical synthesis procedures for obtaining silver particles and compares the results to a commercially available Ag-based product. The first procedure involves laboratory-based chemical reduction using D-glucose (C6H12O6) and NaOH as reducing agents, while the second approach utilizes trisodium citrate dehydrate (C6H5Na3O7·2H2O, TSC). The Ag nanoparticle suspensions were examined using FT-IR and UV-VIS spectroscopy, which indicated the formation of Ag particles. The dimensional properties were investigated using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and confirmed by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The results showed particle size from microparticles to nanoparticles, with a particle size of approximately 60 nm observed for the laboratory-based TSC synthesis approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current transfer through a two-layer structure saturated with absorbed water, each layer of which consists of pressed ZrO2 nanoparticles with two sizes (10 and 20 nm), has been studied. The structure was obtained using the isostatic pressing the ZrO2 + H2O powders. The form of current–voltage characteristics inherent to the studied structure, that has diode properties with the rectification coefficient close to 3, has been explained by the appearance of a potential barrier at the interlayer boundary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]