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A novel degradable polyanion, poly(phthalic ethylene glycol ester), was synthesized in one pot in a single step. The degradable polyanion assembles with various polycations to form layer-by-layer films that can encapsulate physiologically active biomolecules. Polyanion degradation can induce film disassembly and release of the encapsulated functional protein.

The three-dimensional distribution function theory of molecular liquids is applied to lysozyme in mixtures of water and noble gases. The results indicate that the theory has the capability of predicting the protein-ligand binding sites and affinities. First, it is shown that the theory successfully reproduces the binding sites of xenon found by X-ray crystallography. Then, the ability of the theory to predict the size selectivity of noble gases is demonstrated. The effect of water on the selectivity is clarified by a theoretical analysis. Finally, it is demonstrated that the dose-response curve, which is employed in experiments for examining the binding affinity, is realized by the theory.