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Copyright of Romanian Journal of Materials / Revista Romana de Materiale is the property of Foundation for Materials Science & Engineering Serban Solacolu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Materials / Revista Romana de Materiale is the property of Foundation for Materials Science & Engineering Serban Solacolu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Materials / Revista Romana de Materiale is the property of Foundation for Materials Science & Engineering Serban Solacolu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of the present work is to point out the role of microorganisms in biodeterioration from two different historical monuments located in Romania: the refectory of the Hurezi monastic complex and Amărăşti church. Mural painting was made in al frescoes technique applied on the brick or on the wooden poles. HOBO LCD data loggers revealed values of temperature between 5 and 24° and relative humidity between 60 and 90% which are favorable for the colonization by bacteria and fungi. Two different genera of moderately halophilic bacteria (Nesterenkonia and Halobacillus) and 5 different genera of fungi (Antrodia, Aspergillus, Alternaria, Penicillium and Ulocladium) had been identified either by molecular techniques or by cultural and mycelium characteristics. They developed a pink and black pigmentation. The main vehicles for spreading of microorganisms are as follows: insects, condensation, convection currents and human activity. Bacterial cells and mycelia have been found both on the surface of the mural paintings, mortars, wooden structure as well as in the fissures and pores. Bacteria producing carotenoids grow on the surface of the substrates but fungi can be located both on the substrate and under it developing in the same time aerial and substrate hyphae. Mycelia produce the peeling and loosing of the pictorial layer. Organic acids act as chelating agents and mycelium as pulling agent. The aesthetical and structural changes of mural painting can be prevented by monitoring the environment and avoiding contamination. If damages took place, understanding their origin and proper treatment will contribute to preserving of cultural heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The microclimate monitoring of Humor Monastery, Tismana Monastery and the refectory of Hurezi monastic complex from Romania was performed in order to investigate its effect on the growth of bacteria isolated from infilling mortar. According to the results, microclimate parameters values in Humor Monastery and the refectory of Hurezi monastic complex were similar but specific for each season due to the absence of central heating. Opposite, in Tismana Monastery with central heating, no remarkable differences were noticed during the year. Laboratory results showed that Halobacillus sp., Halobacillus naozhouensis and Nesterenkonia sp. were able to grow in the temperature range between 4 and 37 °C with optimum at 28 °C, respectively 15 °C. The microclimate parameters from all objectives are favorable for carotenoid producing bacteria which developed true pink biofilms very well attached by the original and infilling mortar as well as by pictorial layer, hiding the real color of mural painting. The microbial origin of pink pigmentation on frescoes from Romanian historical monuments was demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]