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Purpose: To study oral precancerous lesion and oral cancer by using micro PET/CT., Methods: Thirty-nine SD rats were divided into experimental group and control group. 33 of them were raised with a 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) solution with the concentration of 0.002% during the first 13 weeks, and then changed to normal water. The other 6 rats drank normal water all the time. During 25th to 30th week of the experiment, 2-Deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG)-PET/CT was performed for these rats. One day after imaging, pathological examination was performed. SUVmax and T/NT were investigated according to pathological results. SAS6.0 software package was used for statistical analysis., Results: There was no significant difference in SUVmax among the normal group, precancerous group and cancerous group (P>0.05). There was significant difference in T/NT(muscle, brain) between the normal group and the cancerous group (P<0.05). But there was no significant difference between the normal group and the precancerous group (P>0.05); and no significant difference between the precancerous group and the cancerous group (P>0.05). The T/NT (muscle, brain) ratios increased along with the increase of the pathologic grade of the lesions. There was no significant difference in T/NT(thyroid) among the three groups and no correlation between the T/NT(thyroid) ratios and the pathologic grade., Conclusions: Micro PET/CT, as a non-invasive technology, may contribute to the dynamic studies of the process of carcinogenesis. T/NT(muscle, brain) ratios could show the degree of lesions of rat's tongue during carcinogenesis.