Search

Abstract: The major carbohydrate of pulse seeds is starch, which accounts for 22–45% of the dry matter. In recent years, substantial progress has been made on the molecular structure of cereal and tuber starches and their impact on functionality. Similar studies on pulse starches are limited. This review summarizes the present status of knowledge on the isolation, composition, molecular structure, properties and modification of pulse starches. Future research needs in the area of pulse starches are outlined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A high-pressure, double-chamber, fan-stirred, large-scale explosion facility is proposed for measurements of laminar and turbulent burning velocities, S L and S T, of centrally-ignited hydrogen and carbon monoxide syngas/air mixtures over an initial pressure range of p = 0.1–1.0 MPa. Results show that lean syngas laminar flames at elevated pressure are highly unstable resulting in cellular structures all over the expanding flame front surface, where S L∼p −0.15 having a relatively modest decrease with pressure as compared to lean methane flames where S L∼p −0.50. Contrarily, as to lean syngas turbulent flames, values of S T increase with increasing pressure (S T∼p 0.15) at a fixed r.m.s. turbulent fluctuating velocity (u′ ≈ 1.4 m/s). Moreover, it is also shown that increasing u′/S L is still a way much more effective in increasing values of S T/S L than increasing pressure. Finally, discussions are offered and area for further studies identified. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]