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The author cultured the tissues of the mammary gland obtained from 40 mice (aged from 2 to 6 months) of noncancer lineage (D). Androsterone was introduced into the fluid nutritive medium in the first series of experiments, and estradiol 17β—in the second. The effect of the action of androsterone and estradiol 17β was sufficiently convincing only when culturing the tissues of the virgin mice (according to the number of the growing epithelial cultures). The effect of androsterone and estradiol on the growth intensity and the morphology of the epithelial cultures was reflected in a principally similar way both in the virgin and parous mice, the only difference being that these changes were more clear-cut in the experiment with estradiol 17β. The effect of the hormones was manifest in the increased number of mitoses, including multipolar (possible also of amitoses), in the formation of the multinuclear cells, the polymorphism of the cells and nuclei, the greater width of the membrane in the series of experiments with estradiol 17β (in comparison with control and the series of experiments with androsterone). The number of the growing connective tissue cultures of the mammary gland were the same both in the control and in the experimental series, in the group of virgin and in the group of parous animals. Here the effect of estradiol 17β and androsterone was manifested in the appearance of a large number of multinuclear cells, especially in the experiment with estradiol 17β.

Dynamics of mitotic activity of the tissue cells of the mammary gland was studied in the process of posttraumatic regeneration in the parous albino rats (44 noncastrated and 37 castrated ones). These experimental studies demonstrated that the influence of ovarian hormones, which had a distinct effect on the mitotic regime of the epithelial cells in the uninjured mammary gland, became of secondary importance in the course of the changes developing after its injury. Local tissue are prominent here.