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4 results on '"Geoffrey CHIRON"'

1. Evaluating the link between predation and pest control services in the mite world

Author

Adrien Taudière, Ghais Zriki, Julien Papaïx, Geoffrey Chiron, Lise Roy, Olivier Bonato, Jean-Yves Barnagaud, Rumsaïs Blatrix, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Biostatistique et Processus Spatiaux (BioSP), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), ITAVI, UMR - Interactions Plantes Microorganismes Environnement (UMR IPME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Dermanyssus gallinae, Biological pest control, biological control, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Predation, 03 medical and health sciences, assemblage dynamics, lcsh:QH540-549.5, parasitic diseases, Mite, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 030304 developmental biology, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Trophic level, Original Research, trophic interactions, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, biology, integumentary system, business.industry, Pest control, animal farming, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Agriculture, PEST analysis, lcsh:Ecology, predation, business, ecosystem services, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract

Pest regulation by natural enemies has a strong potential to reduce the use of synthetic pesticides in agroecosystems. However, the effective role of predation as an ecosystem service remains largely speculative, especially with minute organisms such as mites.Predatory mites are natural enemies for ectoparasites in livestock farms. We tested for an ecosystem level control of the poultry pest Dermanyssus gallinae by other mites naturally present in manure in poultry farms and investigated differences among farming practices (conventional, free‐range, and organic).We used a multiscale approach involving (a) in vitro behavioral predation experiments, (b) arthropod inventories in henhouses with airborne DNA, and (c) a statistical model of covariations in mite abundances comparing farming practices.Behavioral experiments revealed that three mites are prone to feed on D. gallinae. Accordingly, we observed covariations between the pest and these three taxa only, in airborne DNA at the henhouse level, and in mites sampled from manure. In most situations, covariations in abundances were high in magnitude and their sign was positive.Predation on a pest happens naturally in livestock farms due to predatory mites. However, the complex dynamics of mite trophic network prevents the emergence of a consistent assemblage‐level signal of predation. Based on these results, we suggest perspectives for mite‐based pest control and warn against any possible disruption of ignored services through the application of veterinary drugs or pesticides., In vitro tests have been confronted with mite inventories and airborne DNA analyses. Three out of seven taxa of native predatory mites are able to feed on Dermanyssus gallinae. The same three predators are associated with the parasite in poultry houses. We've detected no obvious signals from any pest control service. This may be due to the ubiquity of predators or to prey–predator dynamics.

Published
2020
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2. Population-level impact of native arthropod predators on the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae

Author

David Degueldre, Anne-Sophie Soulié, Ghais Zriki, Nathalie Sleeckx, Lise Roy, Geoffrey Chiron, Olivier Gimenez, Liza Dadu, Dominique J. Bicout, Rumsaïs Blatrix, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Translational Innovation in Medicine and Complexity / Recherche Translationnelle et Innovation en Médecine et Complexité - UMR 5525 (TIMC ), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Mite Infestations, mites, Dermanyssus gallinae, Physiology, Population, Zoology, [SDV.SA.ZOO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Zootechny, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, bird ectoparasite, Predation, 03 medical and health sciences, prey-predator interactions, Genetics, Mite, population dynamics, Animals, education, native assemblages, Pest Control, Biological, Molecular Biology, Predator, Arthropods, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Poultry Diseases, education.field_of_study, biology, business.industry, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, Pest control, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, Predatory Behavior, Animal Science and Zoology, Prey switching, PEST analysis, business, Chickens, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract

International audience; Stimulating the regulation of pests by their natural enemies is a way to improve the sustainability of agriculture and respect for the environment. However, the presence of natural enemies does not guarantee the existence of a pest control service. To what extent are predatory mites commonly found in henhouses actually able to regulate a major egg industry pest mite, Dermanyssus gallinae? To answer this question, we have experimentally recreated portions of a poultry house ecosystem allowing the development of the pest over several generations in the presence of a chick and detritivorous mites (Astigmata) that are ubiquitous and abundant in layer farms. In these conditions, we compared the growth of D. gallinae populations in the presence and absence of native predatory arthropods. No effect of native predators on the growth of the D. gallinae population could be detected despite high initial predator-to-prey ratios and satisfactory growth of predator populations. Prey switching to the alternative prey Astigmata likely dilutes the effect of predation on the target prey. Further exploration is needed to see whether action could be taken to enhance the effect of top-down regulation.

Published
2021
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3. Possibilities for IPM Strategies in European Laying Hen Farms for Improved Control of the Poultry Red Mite (Dermanyssus gallinae): Details and State of Affairs

Author

Eva Decru, Monique Mul, Alasdair J. Nisbet, Alejandro H. Vargas Navarro, Geoffrey Chiron, Jon Walton, Tomas Norton, Lise Roy, and Nathalie Sleeckx

Subjects
Integrated pest management, HOST, MESOSTIGMATA, Dermanyssus gallinae, 040301 veterinary sciences, Population, sustainable control, Emissie & Mestverwaarding, ACARI, ARTHROPOD PESTS, TOXICITY, 0403 veterinary science, Course of action, INTEGRATED PEST-MANAGEMENT, 03 medical and health sciences, Agricultural science, prevention, non-chemical, Mite, Veterinary Sciences, education, poultry red mite, 030304 developmental biology, PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Science & Technology, lcsh:Veterinary medicine, integrated pest management, General Veterinary, Animal health, biology, Acaricide, business.industry, BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA, GEER, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Poultry farming, EFFICACY, biology.organism_classification, layer houses, monitoring, lcsh:SF600-1100, Emissions & Manure Valorisation, Business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract

The Poultry Red Mite (PRM), Dermanyssus gallinae, is a major threat to the poultry industry worldwide, causing serious problems to animal health and welfare, and huge economic losses. Controlling PRM infestations is very challenging. Conventionally, D. gallinae is treated with synthetic acaricides, but the particular lifestyle of the mite (most of the time spent off the host) makes the efficacy of acaracide sprays often unsatisfactory, as sprays reach only a small part of the population. Moreover, many acaricides have been unlicensed due to human consumer and safety regulations and mites have become resistant to them. A promising course of action is Integrated Pest Management (IPM), which is sustainable for animals, humans and the environment. It combines eight different steps, in which prevention of introduction and monitoring of the pest are key. Further, it focusses on non-chemical treatments, with chemicals only being used as a last resort. Whereas IPM is already widely applied in horticulture, its application is still in its infancy to control D. gallinae in layer houses. This review presents the currently-available possibilities for control of D. gallinae in layer houses for each of the eight IPM steps, including monitoring techniques, established and emerging non-chemical treatments, and the strategic use of chemicals. As such, it provides a needed baseline for future development of specific IPM strategies, which will allow efficient and sustainable control of D. gallinae in poultry farms. ispartof: FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE vol:7 ispartof: location:Switzerland status: published

Published
2020
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4. Arthropod communities of laying hen houses : an integrative pilot study toward conservation biocontrol of the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae

Author

Etienne Villeneuve de Janti, Guénolé Le Peutrec, Geoffrey Chiron, Marine El Adouzi, María L. Moraza, Lise Roy, Olivier Bonato, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Universidad de Navarra [Pamplona] (UNAV), ITAVI, UMR - Interactions Plantes Microorganismes Environnement (UMR IPME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), The FEADER (Fonds Européen Agricole pour le DéveloppementRural) European funds, the French Rhone-Alpes-Auvergne Region[grant number RRHA 160116CR0820011], as well as the CNPO(Comité National pour la Promotion de l'Œuf, France) supported thiswor, and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, [SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, Dermanyssus gallinae, Arthropoda, Biological pest control, 03 medical and health sciences, Mite, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Community ecology, Community, biology, Ecology, Poultry farming, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, Pyrethroid, Habitat, Insect Science, Mesostigmata, Biological dispersal, Arthropod, PEST analysis, Conservation biological control, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

International audience; he poultry red mite (PRM),Dermanyssus gallinae(de Geer), is a hematophagous mite of economic importance inthe poultry industry. Because PRM lives off-host in habitats potentially shared by many micropredators, bio-control agents have potential to regulate this pest in poultry buildings. The present pilot study was conducted toobtain afirst insight into predatory and parasitic arthropod communities that naturally occur on layer farms inFrance. Species composition and sensitivity to insecticides were determined to estimate the feasibility of con-servation biological control (CBC) of PRM based on a 2-scale concept (regional and local effects). A morpho-molecular approach was used to characterize the taxonomic composition of manure-dwelling arthropod com-munities, with a focus on mesostigmatid mites, that naturally occur in free-range layer farms. Additionally, thesensitivity of some dominant mite species to a common insecticide (deltamethrin) was measured via bioassays.The putative roles of recorded taxa within ecological guilds and their dispersal habits are discussed based on theresults of multivariate and univariate analyses. Local and regional factors had significant effects on both high-level taxonomic arthropod groups and mesostigmatid morphospecies. In addition to documenting the occurrenceand apparent establishment of highly mobile arthropods in hen houses, these results are considered promisingfor the development of CBC against PRM. Populations of two recurrent mesostigmatid morphospecies demon-strated an extreme sensitivity to the pyrethroid, suggesting that even very low levels of insecticide use are likelyto have unnoticed deleterious effects on natural regulation processes in layer buildings. Lastly, a robust methodfor exploring mesostigmatid mite communities in manure is provided.

Published
2017
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