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This paper explores a rapid and low-intensity qualitative method that yields deep and rich insights into Generation Z and Millennials, who constitute the largest consumer group in history. This group favours frictionless digital solutions and their engagement with 'elaborate' qualitative techniques is unlikely, requiring researchers to marshal efficient technology-facilitated methods that render comparable insight. We assess the capacity of a 'simple' projective technique – online word association, accompanied by a few supporting questions – to offer as fine-grained insight into this consumer group against a more involved story stem completion method. The UK buy-now-pay-later (BNPL) context provides a complex novel market for this examination. Results suggest strong conceptual interconnection between the word association and the story stem completion task. Word associations generated similar resonance and tonality to that of the story stem but in a more compact manner, which liberates researchers and participants alike. The word association task focuses and delineates attention on a narrower set of words, not often done in the context of more traditional qualitative techniques, including story stem completion. Young consumers' vocabularies reveal their most salient perceptions of the phenomenon. The word association task also facilitates Generation Z and Millennials' active and positive online engagement, removing resistance and withdrawal from the research. This improves marketing response through immediacy, relevancy, and potency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis that affects all age groups. The impact of AD on patients' lives could differ across generations. Understanding the differences in objective and subjective severity of AD between generations may support more personalized care for the AD patients. Thus, this study aimed to compare the clinical severity and subjective impact of AD between generation Z (GZ) and the millennial generation (MG). Materials and methods: We carried out a cross‐sectional observational study in patients diagnosed with moderate to severe AD born between 1993–2001 (GZ) and 1978–1992 (MG) who attended an AD specialist care unit for the first time. We collected severity indices evaluated by the dermatologist, such as the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) or the Investigator Global Assessment (IGA), and severity scales that included patient assessment, such as the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) or the Patient‐Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM). Results: A total of 73 patients were included, of which 56.2% (41/73) were women. 52.86% (37/73) of the patients belonged to the MG, and 43.8% (33/73) belonged to GZ. Patients belonging to GZ presented lower severity of their AD compared to the MG (EASI: 9.75 ± 11.68 vs. 16.63 ± 14.66; P < 0.05). However, their perception of disease severity was similar to the MG (SCORAD: 43.54 ± 28.99 vs. 32.98 ± 21.91; P = 0.96; POEM: 13.21 ± 8.98 vs. 15.48 ± 6.69; P = 0.14). Conclusions: GZ presents a higher subjective perception of severity than millennials. Understanding these generational disparities contributes to creating more effective treatment strategies and provides a more targeted approach to care that addresses each generational group's unique needs and expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to understand how representatives of different generations (Baby Boomers, Generation X, Generation Y, and Generation Z) view organizational leadership in the context of the challenges posed by Industry 4.0. The authors want to assess whether there are common leadership qualities valued by all generations, despite differences based on generational affiliation. Design/methodology/approach: The study was conducted using a survey questionnaire aimed at people involved in decision-making processes in Polish companies. The analysis was based on descriptive statistics, which made it possible to assess the responses and compare the results among selected generational groups. Findings: The results indicate different approaches to leadership depending on generational affiliation. All generations agreed that leadership is crucial, but differ in their priorities. Baby Boomers value leader adaptation, Generation X emphasizes values, Generation Y focuses on success, and Generation Z focuses on diverse leadership competencies. Research limitations/implications: The survey is limited to Polish organizations, which may affect the generalizability of the results to other countries. The sample is small, especially for Generation Z, which may limit a fuller understanding of their perspectives. Originality/value: The article provides unique findings on the differences and similarities in leadership perceptions among the four generations. It points to the need for a flexible management approach that takes into account specific generational needs in the era of Industry 4.0. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper explores the drivers for employee motivation in the IT sector in Poland. Specifically, it focuses on differences in what motivates employees belonging to generations X, Y and Z. Design/methodology/approach: This study, rooted in existing international literature around the topic of employee motivation, draws on 16 semi-structured interviews performed in May and June 2023 with senior managers and human resources representatives working in IT sector in Poland. The data was analysed using MAXQDA software. Findings: The findings of the qualitative section of this study are conformant with previous research from other sectors that the major motivation factors are finance and growth possibilities, when it comes to IT sector in Poland. However, it stresses that for the finance induced motivation boost to last it needs to be combined with growth. Also, generational differences between motivation factors were identified. The findings indicate to managers that motivation factors such as finance should not be treated in separation, but they should be accompanied by an adequate increase in responsibility and that for various generations different forms of employment could facilitate the motivating process. Research limitations/implications: The conclusions were formulated taking into account the sample’s limitations. The qualitative study was limited to the group of 16 respondents who despite having experience from multiple companies, at the time of the interviews worked for the same company: Atos Group. Therefore, this research can encourage further reflection on employee motivation in the IT sector. Originality/value: The systematic literature review indicated that the subject of employee motivation factors had not been undertaken in the context of Polish IT sector specificity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Posting and sharing about food on social media has surged in popularity amongst younger generations such as Millennials and Generation Z. This study aims to analyse and compare food-tourism sharing behaviour on social media across generations. First, this study specifically investigates the factors influencing the intention to share food experiences on social media; second, it examines the impact of sharing intention on actual behaviour and loyalty; and third, it determines whether Millennials and Generation Z differ in these relationships. Design/methodology/approach: A survey was carried out of Millennial and Generation Z travellers who shared food experiences on social media. Structural equation modelling (SEM) and multi-group analysis were performed to examine the cause-and-effect relationship in both generations. Findings: The findings reveal differences in motivation, satisfaction, sharing intention, sharing behaviour and loyalty between generations (Millennials and Generation Z). Research limitations/implications: This study contributes to the literature on the antecedents of food-sharing behaviour in online communities by indicating factors that influence the sharing of culinary experiences and brand or destination loyalty across generations. Suggestions for future research include exploring online food-sharing behaviour through cross-cultural comparisons in various regions. Practical implications: As Millennials and Generation Z will expand their market share in the coming years, the findings of this study can help improve marketing strategies for culinary tourism and generate more intense food experiences for both generations. Originality/value: The outcome of the research provides new insights to develop a conceptual model of food-sharing behaviour and tourism on social media by drawing comparisons across generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study primarily aimed to investigate the impact of a sense of belonging and online aggression on the psychological well-being of Filipino Generation Z and Millennials. Moreover, it analyzed the levels of sense of belonging, online aggression, and psychological well-being; to determine whether there were significant differences among these variables. Through sampling, the respondents of the study were 200 Filipinos under Generation Z and Millennials residing in Calamba City, Laguna. Standardized and adopted questionnaires such as the Sense of Belonging Instrument (SOBI-A and SOBI-P), Cyber-Aggression Typology Questionnaire (CATQ), and Ryff's Psychological Well-being (PWB) were utilized as survey instruments. The results indicated that Filipino Generation Z and Millennials did not exhibit statistically significant differences (2.58, Low) on sense of belonging online aggression (1.38, Very Low), and psychological well-being (4.77, Somewhat Low). Moreover, sense of belonging did not impact online aggression (.592) However, online aggression impacted psychological well-being (18.6%). On the other hand, sense of belonging did not significantly impact psychological well-being (.432) Based on these findings, a program was proposed to provide awareness and to lessen online aggression among Filipino Generation Z and Millennials and to further improve and enhance their sense of belonging and psychological well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throughout the world, lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans*, intersex, and queer (LGBTIQ+) self-identification has significantly risen among Millennials and Generation Z. However, many studies have overlooked how sexual identity and fluidity among young people are potentially endogenous to ideology, as a psychological and political factor, as well as gender and generational cohorts. This article explores these issues among 4,000 Catalan Millennials and Gen Z individuals using data from two official surveys conducted in 2017 and 2022. Our findings indicate a rise in non-normative sexual orientations and a shift towards more fluid conceptions of sexuality, rather than fixed categories, with notable variations based on gender and ideological stance. Nonetheless, we observe that a leftist ideology is associated with a higher likelihood of identifying as LGB+, particularly among Catalan Gen Z women, where over 25% identify as non-heterosexual. On the one hand, this study provides a new theoretical and empirical perspective on youth sexual identity outside the Anglosphere, highlighting the interplay between individual, micro psychological agency and broader, macro sociological factors, such as gender norms and political trends. On the other hand, the article offers evidence of reverse causality between sexual identity and ideology in the line suggested by Critical Theory, thus contributing to political behavior literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal of the article is to study the generations that are actively participating in the tourism market at the moment and to examine their attitudes towards domestic tourism. The analyses of the generations’ domestic leisure tourism practices in Bulgaria include two-dimensional frequency distributions and statistical pair-wise hypothesis testing in order to clarify the exact differences amongst the generations studied. The study reveals that the youngest generations travel more than the elders. The top 3 ‘factors’ that burden the travelling intentions amongst the Bulgarians are: lack of financial resources, lack of enough free time and family reasons. The most significant reason for older generations not traveling is lack of enough money and for the younger is mix between lack of finance and lack of enough free time. The generations differ from each other in their travel preferences, behaviour, expectations. However, some similarities are observed between them. It is noteworthy that most respondents, regardless of the generation they belong to, have visited more summer seaside resorts than mountain winter resorts in the last five years.

In the midst of the rising popularity of Subscription Video On Demand (SVOD), the industry faces significant challenges. The high churn rate and the abundance of competitors in the SVOD industry necessitate that service providers develop strategies to maintain consumer interest. Consumers who significantly contribute to the high churn rate are Generation Y and Generation Z, also known as digital natives. This study aims to analyze how factors within the Expectancy Confirmation Model can influence the Continuance Intention of SVOD users. This descriptive study employs a cross- sectional design. The respondents of this study consist of 159 active SVOD users. The findings reveal that confirmation and individual mobility significantly influence perceived usefulness. Additionally, confirmation, perceived usefulness, and perceived enjoyment significantly affect satisfaction. Furthermore, satisfaction, perceived usefulness, and habit are significant predictors of continuance intention. However, the influence of individual mobility and perceived enjoyment on continuance intention is not significant. Practically, this study provides insights for SVOD service providers to develop marketing strategies that enhance consumer habit and satisfaction. Academically, this study combines two models from previous researchs making the model and variables used more comprehensive in explaining the predictors of continuance intention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generation Z is expected to officially surpass the Baby Boomers in the labor market by 2024 and to represent 30% of the global workforce by 2030. In the work environment, they are referred to oxymoronically as competitively ambivalent. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the reasons for this behavior and to identify initiatives that would facilitate understanding between Generation Z and other generations. The aim of the present study was to find out whether Generation Z in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, which lives in conditions of deepening polarization of society and differentiated opportunities (e.g., in access to education, consumption of goods and services, work and entertainment), exhibits compatible value orientation or whether significant antagonisms exist in the value system. The study utilized the referential Schwartz's theory of values, which handles universal values dynamically. This theoretical framework was extended to include the dimension of instrumental values that were contextualized in the labor market environment. The results show that the representatives of Generation Z in the Czech Republic and Slovakia prefer collective values (Benevolence and Universalism) in the first two places. However, they subsequently lean toward two individual values (Hedonism and Self-Direction). The comparison of the results in the European context showed the same values being shared by the representatives of Generation Z with preference nuances. The comparison of Generation Z representatives with members of other generations in the European context showed consistency of sharing collective values (Benevolence and Universalism). Discussion: Intergenerational value congruence, as well as knowledge of the difference in preferred values across generations (the collectivism value of Tradition shared by Baby Boomers and Generation X, and Hedonism as an individualism value shared by Generation Y and Generation Z) can help the successful integration of Generation Z representatives in the labor market. A way toward intergenerational synergy can be the recommended strategies for managing Generation Z in the context of career paths: Flexibility of development; Gamification; Mentoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The current research studies the emotional intelligence of Generation Y and Generation Z workers in the IT industry & also analyses the relationship between emotional intelligence and work performance. Theoretical framework: Organizations have seen a pattern of ongoing changes in the workplace for the past decade. Current management in organizations observes different workstyles that have promoted the thought of not only the common skills but to explore them further with regards to disparate domains. Therefore, the notion of emotional intelligence has become an essential element for achieving success in today's idea of professionalism. Presently, three generations that present at work are Generation X, Y & Z. All the three generations have their own unique characteristics and behaviours. Design/methodology/approach: Both qualitative and quantitative data are presented in the study. A survey of the literature was interpreted and examined in relation to both generations. Primary Data for the study was collected with the help of a standardized questionnaire. To examine the data gathered from the questionnaire, the z test was used at a 5% significance level. Findings: Major findings reveal that Generation Z people are better than generation Y people in controlling their own emotions and those of their co-workers. However, it has been discovered that millennials are better able to control their emotions under stress. The analysis of the data also revealed a moderately favourable association between emotional intelligence (EI) and job performance, which suggests that those with higher EI tend to be more productive at work. Research, Practical and Social Implications: The study will help the organizations to formulate appropriate policies for Gen Y and Gen Z employees and will help these generations to better manage their emotions. Originality/Value: No previous work is conducted on comparing the emotional intelligence of Gen Y and Gen Z. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios sobre el Mensaje Periodistico is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Metaverse has garnered considerable attention in recent times. Given its swift pace of development, it is imperative to study the adoption of the metaverse. This study analyses the perceptions and drivers influencing the behavioural intention to use the metaverse among Generation Z and millennials by employing a sequential mixed‐methods approach. In the first stage of the study, in‐depth expert interviews were conducted (n = 20), and the subsequent stage featured a countrywide survey (n = 1253). The outcomes of this study indicate that perceived usefulness, personal innovativeness, perceived enjoyment, facilitating conditions, telepresence, social presence, trust, and regulatory support influence attitudes and behavioural intentions towards the metaverse. The findings also reveal a significant difference in the strength of a few relationships across age, gender, and income levels, shedding light on the crucial factors for organisations seeking to position themselves strategically among various demographic groups. This study significantly contributes to the existing knowledge on emerging optimistic and pessimistic perceptions and factors affecting the adoption of the metaverse. By harnessing these outcomes, organisations can enhance the development and promotion of metaverse experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Technology is the property of Emerald Publishing Limited and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Kevin Munger's Generation Gap: Why the Baby Boomers Still Dominate American Politics and Culture is the latest addition in a growing collection of analyses that attempt to evaluate the impact of millennials and Generation Z on the body politic. Combining a review of cultural trends, election statistics, news consumption patterns, and unique survey data, Munger argues that baby boomer political dominance is perched to run headlong into younger, tech-savvy cohorts who have the potential—but not yet the power—to replace them. Munger calls attention to the ways in which the political system has favored boomer issues and concerns, highlighting how the ensuing public policies reward the older generation and undermine the collective economic fortune of today's youth. This review discusses the history of generational research as well as recent work about today's younger cohorts to provide context for understanding both the strengths and shortcomings of Generation Gap. The field is richer with Munger's contribution, but many critical questions remain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The future of architectural environments in China will serve the needs of, and thus be shaped/re-shaped by, the Chinese Y and Z generations. Although Shan-Shui designs have long been a classic style of architectural environment in China, there is a lack of comprehensive studies on how the Chinese Y and Z generations perceive Shan-Shui designs as an architectural style. Quantitatively analyzing and understanding Chinese YZ generations' perceived relationships between Shan-Shui designs and architectural environments will have many implications for both the economy and education. In this paper, we present a large-scale study by conducting a questionnaire survey of 441 human subjects representative of both the Y and Z generations. The questionnaires were carefully designed with a focus on understanding the perceptions and cognitions of Shan-Shui designs in the survey group. The survey results were analyzed using the widely adopted SPSS25 method. Our overall analyses show that the Chinese Y and Z generations have a tendency to subconsciously perceive Shan-Shui as a relatively independent form/style from architectural environments. Between the Y and Z generations, our comparative analyses show that the latter has a more positive perception with respect to different aspects of Shan-Shui designs in architectural environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Job satisfaction has garnered significant interest across multiple disciplines as it plays a vital role in shaping human resource strategies. In the field of nursing, enhancing job satisfaction can help prevent workforce shortages. Work values and job-related characteristics are significant predictors of job satisfaction. However, the influence of factors may change as younger generations join the nursing workforce. Although research on generational commonalities and differences in work values is increasing, there is insufficient information on generational differences in the interplay between work values and job satisfaction. This study investigated the factors associated with job satisfaction of new nurses in each generational group based on a work value perspective. Methods A total of 280 new nurses (151 from Generation Y and 129 from Generation Z) were selected from the Graduates Occupational Mobility Survey. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to determine the factors associated with job satisfaction in both groups. Results Most participants graduated with a diploma (61.1%), were paid less than the average salary of each group (60.4%), and conducted shift (72.9%) and overtime work (64.3%). Work values and job satisfaction levels were not significantly different between the two groups. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that career growth and task work values were associated with job satisfaction for Generation Z, while task, reputation, and environment work values were associated with job satisfaction for Generation Y. Among the job-related characteristics, nurses’ job tenure was associated with job satisfaction in both groups; salary and overtime had varying relationships with job satisfaction between the two generations. Conclusions Understanding generational differences is crucial for improving the effective management of new generational nurses. Our study findings support that different work value dimensions and job-related characteristics were associated with job satisfaction in each generation. Accordingly, it is essential to develop distinct initiatives, such as a well-structured program, to support the continued career growth of the new Generation Z nurses, thereby enhancing their job satisfaction. Furthermore, providing a conducive working environment that helps new-generation nurses overcome challenges and ensures personal lives should be considered.

This study explores the pathways to sustainable consumption among Gen Z and Millennials in Indonesia, focusing on the roles of health awareness, lifestyle behavior, and trust. Sustainable consumption in this context refers to conscientious choices made by individuals to minimize negative impacts on the environment and society while supporting personal health and well-being. A total of 210 respondents, representing consumers aged 18 to 42, who had purchased from healthy food restaurants in Jakarta, participated in the survey. This age range was chosen to encompass both Generation Z and Millennials, with a focus on individuals who are likely to be financially independent and capable of purchasing food for themselves. This sample was chosen to capture insights from key demographics known for their influence on consumption patterns and environmental awareness. Utilizing structural equation modeling, the analysis reveals that health awareness and lifestyle behavior significantly influence healthy food choices and sustainable consumption patterns. The direct path coefficient from lifestyle behavior to sustainable consumption (β = 0.394) surpassed that of health awareness (β = 0.134), underscoring the importance of lifestyle factors in driving sustainable consumption behaviors. Furthermore, trust emerged as a significant mediator between these factors and sustainable consumption. Health awareness and lifestyle behavior explained 65.3% of the variance in healthy food choices and influenced consumer trust by 39.7%. Additionally, lifestyle behavior and trust accounted for 61.2% of the variance in sustainable consumption. These findings highlight the critical role of lifestyle choices and trust-building efforts in fostering sustainable consumption behaviors among Gen Z and Millennials in Indonesia.

Marketers use digital marketing to influence purchasing intentions and decisions, and have recently focused on millennials and generation Z. Several studies have examined the influence of digital marketing on purchasing intentions, which largely depends on generation and culture, but research in the Arab world is limited, especially in Saudi Arabia. Also, there is a lack of research that predicts purchasing intentions based on digital marketing factors. This research aims to create a dataset that helps to investigate digital marketing factors that influence purchasing intentions among millennials and generation Z in Saudi Arabia. The data are collected by using an online questionnaire that distributed via social media platforms, WhatsApp, X (Twitter), and Telegram. 520 complete responses were obtained during this study. These data can be reused to compare the digital marketing impact among the two generations. The dataset can be a useful resource for local and international companies that target the market segment of millennials and generation Z in Saudi Arabia to develop more effective and attractive marketing strategies.

This qualitative study seeks to understand the political views of select Igorot millennials and Generation Z participants (zoomers) about the Marcoses, the dominant political family in Philippine politics today. Through eighteen (18) purposively sampled interviews with Igorot millennials and zoomers, and political socialization as a framework, this article (1) explains the factors that shape and influence the political socialization of the participants, (2) discusses the role of social media as an agent of political socialization, and (3) examines the political views of the participants about the Marcoses, particularly the reasons they cited for the perceived popularity of the political family. This article concludes with recommendations to enhance the political learning of Igorot millennials and zoomers, as well as some conceptual and practical implications for political socialization as a process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid growth of online food delivery (OFD) services presents new opportunities and challenges for OFD stakeholders, emphasizing the strategic importance of retaining customers. However, the existing OFD continuance literature lacks diverse theoretical approaches and customer segment-specific knowledge, limiting a comprehensive understanding of post-pandemic customer behavior. This study leverages the uses and gratifications (U&G) theory to delve into customers' expectations and motivations for continuing to use OFD, with a particular focus on the possible differences between Generation Y and Generation Z customers. By applying a mixed-method approach, the results identified six gratifications of OFD continuance usage, classified into three groups: utilitarian, hedonic, and social gratifications. Generation Y and Z assign varying levels of importance to the identified gratifications. The study enriches the current OFD literature by demonstrating the explanatory prowess of U&G theory to the continuance phenomenon and provides practical suggestions for OFD stakeholders to cultivate competitiveness and sustainable growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identifying as a reader or not-a-reader is about more than reading behaviors. Reading is a social practice and a form of cultural, and readerly, capital (Driscoll 2016), which is why "the reading practices young people engage in are part of their broader social and cultural participation and, consequently, part of a broader project of identity formation" (Sellers 2019). This article presents nationally representative survey data (n=2075) of Gen Z and millennials residing in the U.S. who don't identify as readers ("not-a-readers") to examine the complexity of bookish and non-bookish identity and its connection to reading and media consumption habits. Additionally, this article examines other bookish and non-bookish reading behaviors and identities of Gen Z and millennials to contextualize readers and not-a-readers. We surmise that people are more likely to decline identifying as a reader if the reading they do is not part of their social communities. Our nomenclature: Not-a-readers is about identity; non-reader is about behavior. Surprisingly, not-a-readers are still readers and actually read more than the general survey population when it comes to print books. They visit libraries at rates close to those of readers. People who identify as readers, writers, and fans share some of the same interests in story, but their behaviors are quite different depending upon whether that identity is connected or not to bookish communities. This article addresses larger questions about 1) what counts as reading, and how reports about reading that center book reading miss emergent swaths of activity; 2) the tension between readerly identity and reader behavior; 3) how not-a-readers discover books; 4) how other identities such as writers, fans, and "pirates" intersect with readerly identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Metaverse, a transformation of the internet by XR-technologies progressively blending the digital and physicalworld, is already changing our social structures. The success of VR-headsets like Quest hasmade both virtual worlds and the "metaverse" ubiquitous. This technological evolution yields the potential to fundamentally change the way we communicate, live, and work together. At the same time, the perceptions of how theseworlds affect our lives differ considerably. To that end, this study investigates the perceptions of 115 younger people fromthe generations Y and Z, the potential "power users" of virtual worlds. In addition, it investigates differences in perception between non-academics and academics. We looked at perceived knowledge, preferred usage scenarios, interaction with avatars and embodiment, perceived problems and challenges, personal worries, solutions for safeguarding, and institutions to drive safeguarding. While generation Y and Z are often aligned, it is a major finding that in the cases they differ, the younger generation Z is more skeptical. Likewise, non-academics are more skeptical than academics. Finally, we found differences in perception related to gender and provide possible explanations and recommended actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The process of creating place brands must position the citizen at the center of the debate. The City Council of Huelva, a city in Southern Spain with a population of 142,538 inhabitants, promoted a territorial brand in 2022 in order to seek a new positioning for the city in tourism markets, investment, and talent attraction. Its development was based on a qualitative and quantitative methodology, previously tested out in other cities and locations in Spain, which is shaped by research groups, semi-structured interviews, and surveys of the citizens. This method aims to place the citizen, who ultimately is the user of the brand, at the center of the social research process that determines the tangible and intangible values associated with the brand narrative. The main objective of this article is to highlight, based on the case study of the brand Huelva Original, the importance of two groups in the construction and deployment of a place brand (Millennials and Generation Z and the political class). Firstly, out of the 1,194 people who participated in the fieldwork, 47.92% were under 40 years old. These two generations are crucial for creating a brand narrative that has long-term viability and presence in the digital environment. Secondly, the development of the brand narrative facilitated a cooperative process among the different political groups in the City Council, especially the two most represented (conservatives and social democrats), which enables the search for collaborative workspaces among political groups to ensure that the implementation of the brand transcends the term of a mandate and goes beyond short-termism political actions. The results indicate that the new brand uniquely differentiates Huelva, emphasizing internal pride and co-creation. Open innovation facilitates cooperation among stakeholders, improving governance. Both Millennials and Generation Z citizens, as well as politicians, are key to the long-term sustainability and reach of the brand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Not all tourists are aware of and able to support sustainable gastronomy; one factor influencing it is the age of tourists. Purpose: This research aims to determine the priority level of tourists' abilities based on age in supporting sustainable gastronomy. Design/methodology/approach: This study uses the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to produce alternative priorities and criteria weights in determining the contribution of tourists in creating sustainable gastronomy. Findings/Result: The results showed that tourists' awareness and ability to support sustainable gastronomy differed from the age of tourists. Baby boomers can support sustainable gastronomy through the viability of local food products; Generation X can support sustainable gastronomy through the survival of local food production and business; Generation Y has the highest ability to support the diversity of local food products, while Generation Z has the highest awareness is in The transmission of culinary knowledge. Conclusion: The authenticity of gastronomic products and the welfare of the gastronomic business community will indirectly increase with the high awareness of tourists in their participation in creating sustainable gastronomy. Originality/value (State of the art): These potentials and opportunities show that each generation desires to participate in creating sustainable gastronomy following their respective roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Job satisfaction has garnered significant interest across multiple disciplines as it plays a vital role in shaping human resource strategies. In the field of nursing, enhancing job satisfaction can help prevent workforce shortages. Work values and job-related characteristics are significant predictors of job satisfaction. However, the influence of factors may change as younger generations join the nursing workforce. Although research on generational commonalities and differences in work values is increasing, there is insufficient information on generational differences in the interplay between work values and job satisfaction. This study investigated the factors associated with job satisfaction of new nurses in each generational group based on a work value perspective. Methods: A total of 280 new nurses (151 from Generation Y and 129 from Generation Z) were selected from the Graduates Occupational Mobility Survey. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to determine the factors associated with job satisfaction in both groups. Results: Most participants graduated with a diploma (61.1%), were paid less than the average salary of each group (60.4%), and conducted shift (72.9%) and overtime work (64.3%). Work values and job satisfaction levels were not significantly different between the two groups. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that career growth and task work values were associated with job satisfaction for Generation Z, while task, reputation, and environment work values were associated with job satisfaction for Generation Y. Among the job-related characteristics, nurses' job tenure was associated with job satisfaction in both groups; salary and overtime had varying relationships with job satisfaction between the two generations. Conclusions: Understanding generational differences is crucial for improving the effective management of new generational nurses. Our study findings support that different work value dimensions and job-related characteristics were associated with job satisfaction in each generation. Accordingly, it is essential to develop distinct initiatives, such as a well-structured program, to support the continued career growth of the new Generation Z nurses, thereby enhancing their job satisfaction. Furthermore, providing a conducive working environment that helps new-generation nurses overcome challenges and ensures personal lives should be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to identify generational cohort differences in terms of telework's advantages and challenges between Generation Y and Generation Z. To achieve this, a convenience sampling method with 248 teleworkers at the age of 18 who have prior experience, or are currently engaged in teleworking was used. The results showed that Generation Z perceived fewer technology, workload, supervision, and social network barriers compared to Generation Y. On the other hand, in comparison to older generations, younger generations believe that teleworking has more advantages. The findings advise policymakers and managers on teleworker attributes and age needs. Future research should focus on the effects of virtual work and how it affects the company context, with a focus on managers' perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of clean beauty lacks a precise definition and its defining attributes remain unclear. This study assesses the impact of clean beauty on Millennial and Generation Z consumers, identifies its main attributes, and provides a new index for determining products' cleanness. To this end, 120 Korean participants were recruited; they used 10 cosmetic products and completed relevant questionnaires. Clean beauty awareness and product satisfaction were assessed from the cognitive and emotional perspectives. The Reliable Cleanness Score (RCS) was calculated using emotional product satisfaction. Participants' preference for clean beauty products was correlated with engaged cosmetic shopping behaviors. The key clean beauty attributes were sustainability, safety, and ethicality--in that order. Machine learning-based regression analysis showed that objective and subjective data could be used to calculate the RCS, resulting in an R² value of .721. With the results of this study, manufacturers, retailers, and consumers will be able to predict RCS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze the dynamics of changes in literacy culture in the social media era with a focus on millennials and generation Z. The presence of social media has changed the way individuals access, process and share information. A comparative study method was used to compare the influence of social media on literacy culture between millennials and generation Z. Data was collected through structured surveys and interviews involving participants from both generations. The variables observed included reading frequency, types of literature consumed, sources of information used, and patterns of sharing information through social media. The results of the study show that there is a significant difference between the millennial generation and generation Z in terms of the influence of social media on literacy culture. Millennials tend to read digital content more often and use social media as the main source of information. Meanwhile, generation Z tends to be more active in sharing information through social media and using special social media platforms to expand their literacy reach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal of the article is to study the generations that are actively participating in the tourism market at the moment and to examine their attitudes towards domestic tourism. The analyses of the generations’ domestic leisure tourism practices in Bulgaria include two-dimensional frequency distributions and statistical pair-wise hypothesis testing in order to clarify the exact differences amongst the generations studied. The study reveals that the youngest generations travel more than the elders. The top 3 ‘factors’ that burden the travelling intentions amongst the Bulgarians are: lack of financial resources, lack of enough free time and family reasons. The most significant reason for older generations not traveling is lack of enough money and for the younger is mix between lack of finance and lack of enough free time. The generations differ from each other in their travel preferences, behaviour, expectations. However, some similarities are observed between them. It is noteworthy that most respondents, regardless of the generation they belong to, have visited more summer seaside resorts than mountain winter resorts in the last five years [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every twenty years or so, a new generation emerges, in the sense of a large group of individuals with their own set of characteristics. And each generation is slightly different than the previous ones, and faces challenges in communicating with other generations. In this theoretical research, we analyze the various generations that exist, with a focus on their main characteristics, similarities and differences. There are six main generations, from the beginning of the 20th century (around 1920's till present day): (1) the mature generation; (2) baby boomers; (3) generation X; (4) generation Y; (5) generation Z and (5) generation Alpha. The purpose is to give a broad view about their main traits and recommendations about how to talk to each generation and we hope these ideas will help improve communication both at work, on a professional level and between generations, mainly on a personal level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the quali-quantitative research, conducted in the spring of 2021 (still during the ongoing Covid-19 emergency), was to analyze the relationship between the expectations towards future life of 260 preadolescents aged 10-12 from two cities in the Emilia-Romagna region (the capital, Bologna, and Parma) and the influence that media contents can have on it, with a particular focus on social media. The main research hypothesis was to consider that the dreams of preadolescents reflect the culture of the contemporary society to which they belong. Specifically, the prevailing values and lifestyles characterizing their subculture were observed (they belong to the so-called Generation Z, a hyper-connected generation). Another interesting aspect of this research was the possibility of comparing the results with those of a similar study on preadolescents imaginary conducted in 1995, involving 590 boys and girls from Milan and Bologna (belonging to the Millennial generation) to observe the social and cultural macro-changes in Italian society over the last decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many Christians struggle with how to live out their Christian faith at work. This manuscript presents an organization, At Work on Purpose (AWOP), that has successfully helped Christians do just that. The story explores the history and inner workings of AWOP, allowing the reader to understand how the organization functions to help Christian millennials and Generation Z enter and get established in the workforce. The unfolding story reveals challenges the organization faces related to leadership succession and can be used by management professors to stimulate classroom discussion on this topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Purpose: Virtual influencers (VIs), who are fictional characters, have gained popularity in recent years, particularly among Generation Z and millennials. With the hype surrounding VIs, more research is required. Thus, this study aims to examine how Gen Z members and millennials react to VIs used for marketing purposes. Design/methodology/approach: This study follows an exploratory approach. The data were collected from 29 participants (14 male and 15 female) through two focus groups and semi-structured interviews. Findings: The authors found that opinions about VIs were mixed, and two main themes emerged from the study: (1) challenges and potential and (2) decision-making and psychological aspects. Originality/value: This study broadens the paradigm for analysing the efficacy of VIs. This emerging topic is of relevance for the marketing sector as well as for transdisciplinary research and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the growing importance of new generations in upcoming market trends, attitudes, and behaviors of the young generation (Millennials and Z generation) towards the use of the sharing economy (SE) concept in Croatia were explored. The literature that connects SE and sustainability, and the Millennials and Z generation, with economic, social, technological, and environmental SE factors, was examined. A survey on a sample of 181 respondents was also conducted. The results present the attitudes of the young generation on SE factors, which SE concepts they use, and which they intend to use. Good command of new technologies, ratings and comments on the Internet are important. SE brings benefit to individuals and the economy and helps in preserving the environment. The biggest disadvantages of SE are pricing and socialization, while the advantage is accessibility. Those who use it least often have a significantly lower perception of the safety. The Z generation values influencer recommendations in SE usage more than Millennials. Also, younger participants, those who are more of a Z generation, had a lower perception that sharing helps in waste reduction. Booking.com and Uber are most often used, and apps for food delivery and skill sharing have the greatest perspective. This paper provides information about the attitudes, behaviors, and motivation of young people for using certain categories of SE, for both policymakers and managers of companies involved in SE businesses.

The goal of this study is to look at the impact of internal and external corporate social irresponsibility (ICSIR & ECSIR) on organisational workplace deviant behaviour (OWDB) in Generation Z and Generation Y, utilising anger as a mediator. The information was gathered from 272 non-managerial employees working in the textile industry. Employing attribution theory, the model was estimated using multigroup analysis (MGA-PLS). The results showed that ICSIR and ECSIR had a positive effect on OWDB. Anger emotions mediated between ICSIR and OWDB, as well as between ECSIR and OWDB. The MGA findings indicated that Generation Z's anger and OWDB in reaction to ICSIR and ECSIR are statistically different from Generation Y's. The findings suggest that harming stakeholders' interests, whether internal or external, will cost organisational performance through deviant behaviour. This result recommends to organisational leaders that corporate social irresponsibility may be one of the organisational factors that lead to workplace deviance. This study is noteworthy in that it verified the impact of ICSIR and ECSIR on OWDB. Second, it contributed to the body of knowledge about generation cohorts in the context of employees' reactions to corporate social irresponsibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]