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Iron powder particles were coated with a thin SiO 2 shell for protection of corrosion. Dynamic magnetic behavior of the as-synthesized material was studied in comparison with uncoated metal in terms of frequency dispersion of the microwave permeability and permittivity. A uniform 100-nm SiO 2 shell provides durable corrosion resistance to a 4.5-μm carbonyl iron powder. The shell was deposited through tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolysis of technical grade chemicals. It was shown that the shell did not influence the magnetic properties of the iron powder. Electron microscopy, particle size analysis, and γ-resonance spectroscopy were applied in the study. The deposited SiO 2 decreased the microwave permeability value and prevented percolation conductivity in a composite with a paraffin wax dielectric matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The paper reviews recent progress in the field of microwave magnetic properties of composites. The problem under discussion is developing composites with high microwave permeability that are needed in many applications. The theory of magnetic composites is briefly sketched with the attention paid to the laws governing the magnetic frequency dispersion in magnetic materials and basic mixing rules for composites. Recent experimental reports on the microwave performance of magnetic composites, as well as data on the agreement of the mixing rules with the measured permeability of composites that are available from the literature are discussed. From the data, a conclusion is made that the validity of a mixing rule is determined by the permeability contrast in the composite, i.e., the difference between permeability of inclusions and that of the host matrix. When the contrast is low, the Maxwell Garnet mixing rule is frequently valid. When the contrast is high, which is of the most interest for obtaining high microwave permeability of a composite, no conventionally accepted theory is capable of accurately predicting the permeability of the composites. Therefore, the mixing rules do not allow the microwave properties of magnetic composites to be predicted when the permeability of inclusions is high, that is the case of the most interest. Because of that, general limitations to the microwave performance of composites are of importance. In particular, an important relation constraining the microwave permeability of composites follows from Kittel''s theory of ferromagnetic resonance and analytical properties of frequency dependence of permeability. Another constraint concerning the bandwidth of electromagnetic wave absorbers follows from the Kramers–Kronig relations for the reflection coefficient. The constraints are of importance in design and analysis of electromagnetic wave absorbers and other devices that employ the microwave magnetic properties of composites, such as magnetic substrates for microwave antennas, microwave inductors, etc. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The microwave permeability of laminated composites based on thin Fe films is under study. Multi-layered films are found to possess more rigid magnetic structure and larger damping factor of ferromagnetic resonance compared to those of one-layered films. A low-weight bulk composite sample is made of multi-layered Fe films stacked together. The peak value of imaginary microwave permeability for this sample is equal to 4, with the volume fraction of Fe being equal to 5%. Composites of such kind may be used as design material for many microwave applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The microwave permeability of regular composites filled with thin ferromagnetic discs with in-plane anisotropy is studied. The samples are made of patterned, multi-layered Fe films stacked together to comprise a bulk composite. The permeability is measured in the frequency range of 0.1–10GHz, and is discussed in terms of constraints to the microwave performance of such composites. The technology suggested allows a composite sample to be produced with the permeability of 2.8, and low magnetic loss at frequencies below 1GHz, the volume fraction of Fe is as low as 0.77%. Such composites can be useful in the design of microwave inductors, miniaturized wideband antennas, etc. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Hollow ferromagnetic powders of iron were obtained by means of ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. A variation in the conditions of the synthesis allows for the adjustment of the mean size of the hollow iron particles. Iron powders were obtained by this technique, starting from the aqueous solution of iron nitrate of two different concentrations: 10 and 20 wt.%. This was followed by a reduction in hydrogen. An increase in the concentration of the solution increased the mean particle size from 0.6 to 1.0 microns and widened particle size distribution, but still produced hollow particles. Larger particles appeared problematic for the reduction, although admixture of iron oxides did not decrease the microwave permeability of the material. The paraffin wax-based composites filled with obtained powders demonstrated broadband magnetic loss with a complex structure for lesser particles, and single-peak absorption for particles of 1 micron. Potential applications are 5G technology, electromagnetic compatibility designs, and magnetic field sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]