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FeNiCrAl-B4C and FeNiCrAl-B4C-TiB2 coatings were deposited on Q235 steel substrates by high velocity arc spraying technology for preparation of subsequent application on agricultural machinery tools. The spraying process parameters of FeNiCrAl-B4C-TiB2 coating were optimized by orthogonal test experiment. The microstructure and phases of coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The wear resistance of the coatings was studied by dry sliding wear test, and the tribological behaviors analyzed. It was found that the two kinds of Fe-based coatings presented a similar layered structure, but FeNiCrAl-B4C-TiB2 coating had a more compact structure with lower porosity of 3.27%. After the addition of TiB2 powder, hard phases of TiB2, TiO2, and Fe-Cr formed and significantly increased the hardness of the coating approximately 0.7 times higher than that of FeNiCrAl-B4C coating. The wear resistance of the FeNiCrAl-B4C-TiB2 coating was about 1.8 times higher than that of FeNiCrAl-B4C coating under the same testing conditions and further investigations showed that the dominant wear mechanism of FeNiCrAl-B4C-TiB2 coating was brittle fracture. The results indicate that wear resistance of the coatings improved by the addition of TiB2 reinforcement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a commonly used surface strengthening technology, shot peening, which can significantly improve the fatigue strength of mechanical parts, is widely used in the fields of vehicles and aviation. To obtain a larger residual compressive stress and further refine the grain size under normal shot peening intensity and coverage, this study proposes an induction heating composite shot peening (IHCSP) surface strengthening method, aiming to utilize the coupling effect of temperature and stress fields to promote the shot peening strengthening effect. An IHCSP test plan was designed and an IHCSP test bench was created to achieve simultaneous induction heating and shot peening. This study compares the surface integrity parameters and microstructures under three processes: un-peened, conventional shot peening, and IHCSP. The results show that the maximum axial and radial compressive residual stresses increase by 72.41 and 75.4 MPa respectively; the depth of the hardened layer increases by 0.3 mm, the martensitic transformation more complete, the grain size decreases by 483 nm, the dislocation density increases significantly, and nanocrystals are obtained on the surface of the material. These results verify the superiority of IHCSP surface strengthening. • Proposed an induction heating composite shot peening (IHCSP) strengthening method and created an IHCSP test bench • IHCSP increases surface residual compressive stress and the layer depth of the residual compressive stress. • IHCSP increased the surface microhardness and hardened layer depth. • IHCSP promotes martensitic transformation. • IHCSP obtained nanocrystals, refined grain size, and increased dislocation density on the material surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In order to increase the oxidation resistance of carbon/carbon (C/C) composites at long‐term high temperature, C/C‐Ultra High Temperature Ceramics composites (UHTCs) with a dual‐layer UHTCs oxidation coating was successfully designed and fabricated. The microstructure and ablation resistance were investigated and discussed. After ablation in arc‐heated wind tunnel with temperature being 2200°C for 1000s, the mass ablation rate and linear ablation rate were −1.9 × 10−2 mg/cm2s and 2.9 × 10−5 mm/s, respectively. The formation of thermodynamically compatible oxide scale including ZrO2 skeleton and SiO2 or Zr–Si–O glass on the surface were mainly contributed to the excellent ablation resistance of the composite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aims to fabricate a porcelain with high strength and transmittance by adding a small amount of anorthite chamotte. The chamotte used in the research was compounded by quartz, calcite and alumina. The porcelain with best overall performance in the research has high flexural strength of 175 MPa, higher than that of bone china and hard porcelain, and has high transmittance of 6.2%/ 2 mm, higher than that of single phase anorthite ceramic. It was sintered at a temperature of 1280 ℃ and 12 wt% chamotte was added. Quartz was the primary crystalline phase in all samples, presenting mullite as minor crystalline phase. The trace of anorthite was observed in the fired samples when addition of chamotte was more than 9 wt%. It has been found that the addition of anorthite chamotte can promote uniform distribution of mullite, which can reinforce the flexural strength and transmittance of porcelain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Flower-like Ag mesostructures with the sizes in the range of 200nm to 700nm have been synthesized via a simple seed-mediated approach. The size-tunable synthesis can be easily attained by adjusting the concentration of Ag seeds. The obtained Ag mesostructures are assembled by primary Ag nanosheets, which exhibit a flower-like architecture. None of surfactant was involved during the synthesis process, and thus, these Ag mesostructures hold the chemically clean surfaces. Compare to the previous approach for flower-like Ag mesostructures, the present method is not only simple and reliable, but also exhibits the advantages both in green procedure and size controllable. These flower-like Ag mesostructures reveal large surface area and can serve as highly efficient catalysis for the NaBH4 reduction of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Microstructure evolution and nucleation dynamics of TiO2 nanostructural thin films on (001) LaAlO3 substrates grown by the polymer-assisted deposition technique have been systematically studied with the increase of annealing temperature. Epitaxial anatase TiO2 phase with nanometer-scaled periodic surface strip patterns can be achieved when the sample is annealed at 900 ° C. It is also found that the morphology of the surface pattern is related to the ramping rate of the temperature during annealing. The formation of the surface strip pattern can be considered to be associated with the diffusion limit growth dynamics. The surface pattern structure was found to strongly affect the hydrophilic properties of the thin films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the electrochemical and kinetic performances of the Mg2Ni-type hydrogen storage alloys, Mg was partially substituted by La, and the rapid solidification technology was used for the preparation of Mg20−xLaxNi10 (x = 0, 2, 4, 6) alloys. The microstructures of the as-cast Mg20−xLaxNi10 (x = 0, 2, 4, 6) and as-spun Mg20−xLaxNi10 (x = 2) alloys were systematically studied through x-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electronic microscopy. Electrochemical hydrogen storage properties were measured by the automatic galvanostatic system. Electrochemical impedance spectrum, linear polarization, and step-potential discharge curves were plotted using electrochemical workstation. The results showed that substitution of La for Mg was helpful for forming multiphase structures, increasing the discharge capacity of the as-cast Mg20−xLaxNi10 (x = 0, 2, 4, 6) alloys. The increasing quenching rate facilitated the formation of amorphous and nanocrystalline structures of Mg18La2Ni10 (La2) alloy, effectively improving the electrochemical and kinetic properties of Mg18La2Ni10 (La2) alloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A new method to enhance the flexural strength of porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) scaffolds was developed. This new method provides better control over the microstructures of the scaffolds and enhances the scaffolds’ mechanical properties. Using this technique, we were able to produce scaffolds with mechanical and structural properties that cannot be attained by either the polymer sponge or slip-casting methods alone or by simply combining the polymer sponge and slip-casting methods. The prepared scaffolds had an open, uniform, interconnected porous structure with a bimodal pore size of 100.0–300.0μm. The flexural strength of the bimodal porous β-TCP scaffold sintered at 1200°C was 56.2MPa and had porosity of 61.4vol%. The scaffolds obtained provide good mechanical support while maintaining bioactivity, and hence, these bioscaffolds hold promise for applications in hard-tissue engineering. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The effects of nitrogen doping on the chemical bonding state, microstructure, electrical property and thermal stability of Ge15Sb85 film were investigated in detail. The doped N atoms tend to bond with Ge to form Ge3N4, as proved by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses. X-ray diffraction patterns showed that both undoped and N-doped Ge15Sb85 films crystallize into a hexagonal phase very similar to Sb. The thickness reduction upon crystallization for undoped and N-doped Ge15Sb85 films is less than 5%. The crystalline resistivity, crystallization temperature, and thermal stability of amorphous state all increase after nitrogen doping, while the grain size decreases. By adding 7.0at.% N into the Ge15Sb85 film, the crystalline resistivity increases twelve times and the crystallization temperature increases about 50°C. The maximum temperature for 10-year retention of amorphous Ge15Sb85 film is estimated to be 147°C and that of N-doped films is even higher, which will promise better data retention of phase-change random access memory especially in the high-temperature application. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A bimodal porous hydroxyapatite (HAp) body with high flexural strength was prepared through slip casting. The effect of different particle sizes on the flexural strength and microstructure of three different types of hydroxyapatite (HAp) powders was studied. The powder characteristic of laboratory-synthesized HAp powder (L-HAp) was obtained through a wet-milling method, drying and heating of a mixture of calcium hydrogen phosphate di-hydrate and calcium carbonate. The median particle size of L-HAp was 0.34μm, and the specific surface area was 38.01m2/g. The commercial HAp had median particle sizes for the K-HAp (Kishida chemical Co. Ltd., K-HAp) and T-HAp (Taihei chemical Co. Ltd., T-HAp) of 1.13 and 3.65μm, and specific surface areas of 11.62 and 6.23m2/g, respectively. The different powder characteristics affected the slip characteristics, and the flexural strength and microstructure of the sintered porous HAp bodies were also different. The flexural strengths of the porous HAp ceramics prepared by heating at 1200°C for 3h in air were 17.59MPa for L-HAp with a porosity of 60.48%, 3.92MPa for commercial K-HAp with a porosity of 79.37%, and 4.55MPa for commercial T-HAp with a porosity of 76.46%. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The one-mode analysis method on the pull-in instability of micro-structure under electrostatic loading is presented. Taylor series are used to expand the electrostatic loading term in the one-mode analysis method, which makes analytical solution available. The one-mode analysis is the combination of Galerkin method and Cardan solution of cubic equation. The one-mode analysis offers a direct computation method on the pull-in voltage and displacement. In low axial loading range, it shows little difference with the established multi-mode analysis on predicting the pull-in voltages for three different structures (cantilever, clamped–clamped beams and the plate with four edges simply-supported) studied here. For numerical multi-mode analysis, we also show that using the structural symmetry to select the symmetric mode can greatly reduce both the computation effort and the numerical fluctuation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Magnetic field annealing is an important method to enhance the magnetic properties of amorphous alloys. In this work, the effects of magnetic field annealing intensity on the magnetic properties, mechanical properties, and microstructure of Fe 80 Si 9 B 11 amorphous ribbons were investigated. It can be seen from the results that the magnetic induction at 1600 A/m (B 1600), maximum permeability (μ m), coercivity (H c), Elastic modulus (E r), and Hardness were improved with an increase of the magnetic field intensity. When the magnetic annealing intensity was 2.5 × 10−4 T, the B 1600 , μ m , H c , E r and Hardness of the sample were improved by 9%, 298%, 67%, 23% and 3%, respectively, compared with those of the as-spun sample. TEM results showed that there are some spherical symmetric clusters present in the 653 K × 2.5 × 10−4 T sample. This may be an important reason for the improvement of the magnetic properties. Compared with the 653 K × 1 T sample, the magnetic field intensity of the 653 K × 2.5 × 10−4 T sample was only 0.025%. However, the values of B 1600 , μ m , H c , E r and Hardness of the latter reached 96%, 82%, 115%, 90% and 94% of the former, respectively. It means that during the magnetic field annealing process, applying only a small magnetic field can obviously enhance the magnetic and mechanical properties of Fe 80 Si 9 B 11 amorphous alloy. This provides a theoretical basis for the further improvement of the magnetic and mechanical properties of Fe 80 Si 9 B 11 alloys, and in the energy saving. The reasons for the changes of magnetic and mechanical properties caused by different magnetic field intensities are discussed. • The magnetic and mechanical properties improved with an increase of the magnetic field intensity. • Applying a small magnetic field can obviously enhance the magnetic and mechanical properties. • Spherical symmetry clusters can be observed during the magnetic field annealing process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polylactide (PLA), a bio-based polymer that is usually derived from renewable crops (e.g., corn and rice), is widely used in three-dimensional (3D) printing. New functional materials based on PLA for 3D printing are highly desirable; however, the traditional routes for preparing functional printable materials were either time-consuming or environmentally unfriendly. Here, we demonstrate for the first time a simple and environmentally friendly method to homogenously disperse functional filler within PLA matrix, by which mechanically robust and highly luminescent SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu2+, Dy3+ (SAO)/PLA composite filaments for 3D printing were readily achieved. This method involves the incorporation of only 1% of glycerol (based on the weight of PLA) as a dispersion agent and compatibility agent between hydrophilic SAO and hydrophobic PLA. Consequently, the luminescence intensity of composites increased linearly with SAO content, while 5% of SAO could obtain the maximum strength (60.2 ± 4.9 MPa), 50% higher than that of pure PLA. Moreover, the green method can be used to prepare other kinds of composite functional filaments for 3D printing. • The article was the first to report on a simple and environmentally friendly method to create luminescent filaments. • A good interfacial compatibility between PLA and functional filler was achieved. • Highly luminescent and mechanically robust composites can be printed by FDM using the luminescent filaments. • The 3D-printed parts can be potentially utilized in diverse fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Textured Bi and MnBi/Bi thin films are prepared by the pulsed laser deposition method. The highly c-axis textured MnBi films are obtained by annealing the bilayer consisting of textured Bi and Mn films. The coercivities of the MnBi/Bi film are 1.5 T and 2.35 T at room temperature and at 373 K, respectively, showing a positive temperature coefficient. Microstructural investigations show that the textured MnBi film results from the orientated growth induced by the textured Bi under-layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Calcium-chelating oligouronates can be employed to modulate calcium-dependent food hydrogels. However, very little attention has been paid to their role of structuring a real food system so far. In this study, alginate-derived oligoguluronate (GB) and pectin-derived oligogalacturonate (GaB) was shown to considerably modify the gelation process and the final gel characteristics of calcium-dependent Tofu. GB and GaB significantly accelerated the gelation process and enhanced the gel strength and water holding capacity of Tofu. The sensory properties were correspondingly altered and the addition of 15 mmol/L GB produced the most favorable smell, appearance and overall acceptance. Microstructure analysis demonstrated that GB and GaB can intensively increase the density and uniformity of Tofu gel, which potentially can be used to explain their implications on the gel and textural properties. Our findings provide an alternative strategy for modulating texture of calcium-dependent foods using dietary fiber-derived oligosaccharides with prebiotic potentials. • Oligoguluronate and oligogalacturonate can accelerate the gelation of Tofu. • Oligoguluronate and oligogalacturonate contributes to a dense and uniform Tofu gel. • Oligoguluronate and oligogalacturonate can improve the texture of Tofu. • Tofu with 15 mM oligoguluronate produced the most favorable sensory acceptance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the exploration of fusion power, zirconium alloy has been viewed as a potential deuterium storage material to store and deliver deuterium fuel into fusion reactors, due to its large deuterium storage capacity, low deuterium desorption pressure and fast deuterium absorption kinetics. But it often cracks after deuterium absorption. In this study, the microstructure and deuterium absorption kinetic of β-Zr in various deuteriding conditions (pressure, time and temperature) were investigated. The results showed that, with the increase of deuteriding pressures from 1 bar to 3 bar at 1173 K, the deuteride content and the deuteride morphology changed significantly. During deuterium absorption at 3 bar, the surface deuteride layer was formed first, and then the inner deuteride network was gradually developed with the time. There existed an apparent deuterium concentration gradient from surface to center. With the increase of deuteriding temperatures from 973 K to 1173 K, the deuteride content decreased. The kinetic of deuterium absorption at 1173 K was found to be affected by the deuteriding pressures. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that ε deuterides nucleated and grew at the interface of δ deuterides, and small bands with different crystal orientation were found within the ε deuterides. The γ deuterides were found at 3 bar, within which twins and tweed structure were observed. An orientation relationship of <011> δ //<011> ε , {111} δ //{111} ε between δ and ε deuterides was also determined by TEM analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the possible advantages of protein fibers in composites is that they can interact with the continuous gel matrix as active fillers at neutral pH. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of short (SAF) and long amyloid fibrils (LAF) and ionic strength (0–150 mM NaCl) on the whey protein isolate (WPI)-based fiber-hydrogel composites. The water holding capacity of the composite gels more depended on the gel coarseness rather than their elasticity. Significant differences were observed between the rheological data of the SAF-WPI and LAF-WPI composites, and the maximum elastic modulus (G′) was achieved at 100 mM NaCl where the LAF-WPI composites outperformed the SAF-WPI ones in enhancing G′ and hardness. Nevertheless, the elasticity and hardness of the composites dramatically dropped at 150 mM NaCl due to the change in the gel microstructure from fine strand to particulate, according to CLSM and SEM images. Interestingly, the trend in average particle size changed at 150 mM NaCl for the SAF- and LAF-WPI soluble aggregates compared to the WPI soluble aggregates. The effects of amyloid fibril and NaCl concentration on the protein aggregates as the initial building blocks of the gel were confirmed by size exclusion chromatography. These results indicated that the properties of composite gel were related to the balance between aggregate creation and the development of cross-links between them during gelation. The findings of the current study could be exploited to predict the functional behavior of globular protein gels containing amyloid fibrils with different lengths at various NaCl concentrations. [Display omitted] • The reinforcing effect of long fibril is better than short one, up to 100 mM NaCl. • Long fibrils develop inhomogeneous random aggregates at high NaCl concentrations. • WHC of the composites depends on the gel coarseness rather than the elasticity. • The mechanism of protein aggregation changes at 150 mM NaCl concentrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract This study focuses on novel refractory MoNbRe 0.5 W(TaC) x high-entropy alloy matrix composites synthesized by vacuum arc melting. The microstructure evolution, compressive mechanical properties at room temperature and strengthening mechanism of the composites with addition of TaC are analyzed and discussed. The MoNbRe 0.5 W(TaC) x composites consist of a BCC solid solution as the matrix and an eutectic microstructure (BCC and multi-component carbide (Mo, Nb, W, Ta)C phases) at grain boundaries. The lamellar eutectic structure would be formed from the decomposition of subcarbide (Mo, Nb, W, Ta) 2 C and the fully solid solubility of Re. The MoNbRe 0.5 W(TaC) 0.5 composite has the maximum failure strain of 10.25%. The MoNbRe 0.5 W(TaC) 0.5 to MoNbRe 0.5 W(TaC) 0.6 composites exhibit excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, with excellent strength and reasonable ductility at room temperature. The reinforcement mechanism of the composites is dominated by precipitation and fine-grained strengthening effect. The good ductility of MoNbRe 0.5 W(TaC) 0.5 composite is contributed to the grain refinement of the BCC matrix phase. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • Novel MoNbRe 0.5 W(TaC) x HEA matrix composites with addition of TaC are produced. • Microstructure consists of BCC matrix with eutectic structure at grain boundaries. • Eutectic structure is formed by subcarbide decomposition and full solubility of Re. • Composites exhibit excellent room-temperature strength and reasonable ductility. • The good ductility is contributed to grain refinement of BCC matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a well-designed PDMS pyramid microstructure covered by non-uniform distributed single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) networks, a type of micro-pressure sensors with ultra-high sensitivity, transparency and flexibility were demonstrated. The low-conductivity-tip/high-conductivity-body electrical structure leads to an ultra-high sensitivity of 8655.6 kPa −1 . The ingenious design of the sensor on structure and material allows a very low unloading current (0.88 nA), suggesting an extremely low power to drive the device. Moreover, the device has a fast response time (less than 4 ms), low pressure detect limit (less than 7.3 Pa) and long-term service life (over than 10000 cycles test). All these features make the sensor an ideal candidate for applications in Electronic-skin and health care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloys (HEAs) are additively manufactured by laser directed energy deposition (L-DED) and laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) processes. Comparative studies are conducted for the microstructures and deformation mechanisms of L -DED and L -PBF samples. In both types of samples, highly heterogeneous microstructures are formed, consisting of columnar grains, solidification cells, and dislocation networks. However, substantial differences are measured in the crystallographic texture, cell size, and elemental distribution. Deeper melt pools in the L -DED samples promote a mixed crystallographic texture of <101>/<111> as opposed to <001> along the build direction in the L -PBF samples. The <101>/<111> texture elevates the flow stresses and facilitates the activation of deformation twins in the L -DED samples. Moreover, their larger solidification cell sizes and associated chemical segregation across cell walls increase the dislocation storage capability and resistance to dislocation motion, leading to profuse planar slip bands and microbands during plastic deformation. The enhanced plastic deformation capabilities in the L -DED samples give rise to more sustained strain hardening and thus higher ductility compared to the L -PBF samples. Our work not only provides fundamental insights into the deformation mechanisms of additively manufactured HEAs, but also underscores the critical impact of processing conditions on the solidification microstructure and material design by additive manufacturing. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The highlights of the authors wanted to show were listed below: • The phase transformation and grain growth of multilayer Fe-Cr alloy cladding were clarified. • Laser energy density had a significant effect on dendrite spacing and defect characteristics. • When the residual stress exceeded the theoretical fracture strength of 1.6 GPa, brittle fracture occurred in the cladding layer. • The forming quality could be improved by optimizing laser energy density and preheating treatment at 300° C for 30 min. To clarify the microstructure evolution, defect characteristics and suppression methods for multilayer cladding by laser melting deposition (LMD), experimental research on multilayer LMD of Fe-Cr alloy with different laser energy densities was carried out. The phase composition and the evolution rules of the phase during the melting-solidification process were analyzed. The crystal growth trend, dendritic transition and dendrite spacing of multilayer Fe-Cr coatings were investigated. The formation mechanism of crack, porosity and surface spheroidization defects were revealed, the effects of laser energy densities on the defects were analyzed, and the defect suppression methods were proposed and verified. The results showed that the primary and secondary remelting zones of multilayer Fe-Cr coatings were fine equiaxed dendrites and irregular cellular structures, respectively. When the laser energy density increased from 22.74 J/mm2 to 55.70 J/mm2, the dendrite spacing increased gradually, and the porosity and spheroidization defects showed a trend of improvement and then deterioration. The cracks were considered cold cracks with transgranular characteristics. Meanwhile, when the residual stress exceeded the theoretical fracture strength of 1.6 GPa, the multilayer cladding experienced brittle fracture and formed cracks. Selecting an appropriate laser energy density and preheating treatment can effectively improve the forming quality and inhibit the formation of defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Twelve legume proteins were classified into high, medium and low gel strength. • Phaseolin-rich BKPI, SKPI and PDPI formed high-strength gel regardless of pH. • Gel strength at pH 3.0 was significantly affected by electrostatic interactions. • Gel strength at pH 7.0 was significantly affected by hydrogen bonds. • Gel strength was negatively correlated with the non-network proteins content in gel. This study aimed to investigate the rheological and textural properties of heat-induced gels from twelve legume protein isolates at pH 3.0 and 7.0, including black kidney bean (BKPI), speckled kidney bean (SKPI), panda bean (PDPI), cowpea (CPPI), mung bean (MPI), adzuki bean (API), rice bean (RPI), black soybean (BPI), soybean (SPI), chickpea (CPI), broad bean (BRPI) and pea (PPI). SDS-PAGE revealed that 7S globulin was prominent protein in BKPI, SKPI, PDPI, CPPI, MPI, API and RPI, the main protein fraction of CPI was 11S globulin, and BPI, SPI, BRPI and PPI contained both 7S and 11S globulins as major components. Based on the gel's Power Law constant (K') and hardness, twelve legume proteins were divided into three categories with high, medium and low gel strength. BKPI, SKPI and PDPI with Phaseolin being the major protein fraction showed high gel strength regardless of pH. Electrostatic interactions, hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds were the most important intermolecular forces in the formation of legume protein gel networks, of which gel strength at pH 3.0 and pH 7.0 was significantly affected by electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds, respectively. Moreover, gel strength was also remarkably negatively influenced by the non-network proteins. SEM observation indicated that the microstructure of gels at pH 7.0 was denser and more homogeneous than that at pH 3.0, leading to better water holding capacity. These findings would be of great importance for understanding the differences in legume protein gels, and also laid the scientific support for expanding applications of legume proteins in gel-based foods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spiral blades are the main working mechanism of shearers, and the service life of blades directly affects the coal-rock cutting progress and enterprise production efficiency. To repair the damaged spiral blade and improve the wear resistance, FeCrSiB coatings having different amounts of reinforcing TiC particles were fabricated on the blade material 34CrNiMo6 by laser additive manufacturing technology. The effects of the TiC particle weight fraction on the microstructure, phase, hardness and wear resistance of the TiC/FeCrSiB composite coating were systematically studied. A laser additive remanufacturing repair experiment of damaged spiral blades based on reverse engineering technology was performed. The results indicated that the composite coating had good metallurgical bonding with the 34CrNiMo6 substrate, and the TiC particles converged towards the top of the coating via Marangoni convection and dynamic viscosity. The composite coatings mainly consisted of γ-(Fe, Cr) solid solution, M 23 C 6 , Fe 2 B/Cr 2 B and TiC. By increasing the TiC concentration in the composites, the hardness and wear resistance of the coating were significantly improved. The Rockwell hardness, microhardness and wear rate of the 30%-TiC-reinforced coating were 74.82 HRC, 1143.61 HV 0.5 and 0.45 × 10−2 mm3N−1 mm−1, respectively, and the wear resistance of the composite coating was 9 times higher than that of the substrate. The experimental results show that the laser additive remanufacturing TiC reinforced coating was an effective method to repair damaged spiral blades and improve the service performance. [Display omitted] • The TiC/FeCrSiB ceramic composite reinforced coating was fabricated. • The TiC tend to converged towards the top of coating via Marangoni convection and dynamic viscosity. • The wear resistance of composite coatings is 9 times higher than that of blade material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work investigated the effects of magnetic field annealing on the magnetic properties, mechanical properties and microstructure of the Fe 80 Si 9 B 11 amorphous alloys. The results show that the soft magnetic properties (SMPs) were obviously improved after the samples were annealed below the crystallization temperature with a 1 T magnetic field. The atom probe tomography (APT) results showed that the magnetic field has little effect on the element distribution of the annealed samples at 653 K. The results of XRD and TEM showed that the 653 K × 0 T sample included a few nanocrystals and an amorphous matrix while the 653 K × 1 T sample still retained an amorphous structure. It is worth noting that a large number of spherical symmetry clusters and a small number of translational symmetry clusters can be observed in the 653 K × 1 T sample. Many translational symmetry clusters, and a few spherical symmetry clusters, can be identified in the 693 K × 1 T sample. Both good soft magnetic properties (SMPs) and acceptable mechanical properties were obtained after the sample was annealed at 653 K. Compared with that of the as-cast sample, the values of maximum magnetic flux intensity (B m), elastic modulus (E r) and hardness increased by 13.7%, 36.6% and 9.4%, respectively, while the values of coercivity (H c) and hysteresis loss (P u) decreased by 71.5% and 68.2%, respectively. After the sample was annealed at 693 K, the SMPs exhibited a deterioration, and E r and hardness also dropped sharply. Based on the above results, the mechanism of the microstructural change for Fe 80 Si 9 B 11 amorphous alloys related to the magnetic field annealing conditions was proposed. The relationship between the soft magnetic properties, mechanical properties, and the microstructure of the sample was also discussed. This paper provides a basis for the further improvement the SMPs of the Fe 80 Si 9 B 11 amorphous ribbons by controlling the microstructure. Image 1 • Soft magnetic and mechanical properties can be improved by magnetic field annealing. • Spherical symmetry clusters are benefit to the enhancement of magnetic properties. • Translational symmetry clusters leads to the breakdown of mechanical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]