9 results on '"Shiona K Glass-Kaastra"'
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2. Variation in Outpatient Oral Antimicrobial Use Patterns among Canadian Provinces, 2000 to 2010
- Author
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Shiona K Glass-Kaastra, Rita Finley, Jim Hutchinson, David M Patrick, Karl Weiss, and John Conly
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Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
BACKGROUND: The volume and patterns of antimicrobial drug use are key variables to consider when developing guidelines for prescribing, and programs to address stewardship and combat the increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistant pathogens. Because drug programs are regulated at the provincial level, there is an expectation that antibiotic use may vary among provinces. more...
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- 2014
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3. Longitudinal Surveillance of Outpatient Quinolone Antimicrobial Use in Canada
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Shiona K Glass-Kaastra, Rita Finley, Jim Hutchinson, David M Patrick, Karl Weiss, and John Conly
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Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Because antimicrobial use is commonly associated with the development of antimicrobial resistance, monitoring the volume and patterns of use of these agents is important.
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- 2014
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4. Provincial and Temporal Variation in Macrolide and Lincosamide Antimicrobial Use by Outpatients in Canada, 1995 to 2010
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Shiona K Glass-Kaastra, Rita Finley, Jim Hutchinson, David M Patrick, Karl Weiss, and John Conly
- Subjects
Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Because antimicrobial use is commonly associated with the development of antimicrobial resistance, monitoring the volume and patterns of use of these agents is very important.
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- 2014
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- View/download PDF
5. Longitudinal Surveillance of Outpatient Tetracycline, Sulfonamide-Trimethoprim and ‘Other’ Antimicrobial Use in Canada, 1995 to 2010
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Shiona K Glass-Kaastra, Rita Finley, Jim Hutchinson, David M Patrick, Karl Weiss, and John Conly
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Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Monitoring the volume and patterns of use of antimicrobial agents is important in light of antimicrobial resistance.
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- 2014
- Full Text
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6. Canadian Consumer Food Safety Practices and Knowledge: Foodbook Study
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Matt Hurst, Nadia Ciampa, Christine Gardhouse, Shiona K Glass-Kaastra, Kristyn Franklin, Regan Murray, M. Kate Thomas, Andrea Nesbitt, and Barbara Marshall
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Consumer Product Safety ,Canada ,Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ,Food Safety ,Food Handling ,030106 microbiology ,Population ,Psychological intervention ,Pasteurization ,Food Contamination ,Microbiology ,law.invention ,Foodborne Diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,law ,Environmental health ,Medicine ,Food microbiology ,Animals ,Humans ,Food science ,Cooking ,Raw meat ,education ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Food safety ,040401 food science ,Food Microbiology ,Female ,business ,Food Science ,Food contaminant - Abstract
Understanding consumers' food safety practices and knowledge supports food safety education for the prevention of foodborne illness. The objective of this study was to describe Canadian consumer food safety practices and knowledge. This study identifies demographic groups for targeted food safety education messaging and establishes a baseline measurement to assess the effectiveness of food safety interventions over time. Questions regarding consumer food safety practices and knowledge were included in a population-based telephone survey, Foodbook, conducted from November 2014 to March 2015. The results were analyzed nationally by age group and by gender. The results showed that approximately 90% of Canadians reported taking the recommended cleaning and separating precautions when handling raw meat to prevent foodborne illness. Only 29% of respondents reported using a food thermometer when cooking any meat, and even fewer (12%) reported using a food thermometer for small cuts of meat such as chicken pieces. The majority (>80%) of Canadians were aware of the foodborne illness risks related to chicken and hamburger, but fewer ( more...
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- 2017
7. Multiple-class antimicrobial resistance surveillance in swine Escherichia coli F4, Pasteurella multocida and Streptococcus suis isolates from Ontario and the impact of the 2004–2006 Porcine Circovirus type-2 Associated Disease outbreak
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David L. Pearl, Shiona K Glass-Kaastra, Jim Fairles, Scott A. McEwen, Durda Slavic, Richard J. Reid-Smith, and Beverly McEwen
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Circovirus ,Pasteurella multocida ,Streptococcus suis ,Swine ,animal diseases ,Pasteurella Infections ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,medicine.disease_cause ,Disease Outbreaks ,Microbiology ,Antibiotic resistance ,Food Animals ,Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ,Streptococcal Infections ,Escherichia coli ,medicine ,Animals ,Cluster Analysis ,Poisson Distribution ,Prospective Studies ,Porcine circovirus associated disease ,Circoviridae Infections ,Escherichia coli Infections ,Ontario ,Swine Diseases ,biology ,Outbreak ,biology.organism_classification ,Antimicrobial ,Virology ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Porcine circovirus ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Seasons - Abstract
The objective of this work was to describe trends in multiple-class antimicrobial resistance present in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli F4, Pasteurella multocida and Streptococcus suis from Ontario swine 1998–2010. Temporal changes in multiple-class resistance varied by the pathogens examined; significant yearly changes were apparent for the E. coli and P. multocida data. Although not present in the E. coli data, significant increases in multiple-class resistance within P. multocida isolates occurred from 2003 to 2005, coinciding with the expected increase in antimicrobials used to treat clinical signs of Porcine Circovirus Associated Disease (PCVAD) before it was confirmed. Prospective temporal scan statistics for multiple-class resistance suggest that significant clusters of increased resistance may have been found in the spring of 2004; months before the identification of the PCVAD outbreak in the fall of 2004. more...
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- 2014
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8. Longitudinal Surveillance of Outpatient Quinolone Antimicrobial Use in Canada
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Karl Weiss, Rita Finley, Shiona K Glass-Kaastra, John Conly, Jim Hutchinson, and David M. Patrick
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Microbiology (medical) ,Drug Utilization ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,business.industry ,Original Articles ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Quinolone ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 ,Infectious Diseases ,Antimicrobial use ,Antibiotic resistance ,medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,business - Abstract
Because antimicrobial use is commonly associated with the development of antimicrobial resistance, monitoring the volume and patterns of use of these agents is important.To assess the use of quinolone antimicrobials within Canadian provinces over time.ANTIMICROBIAL PRESCRIBING DATA COLLECTED BY IMS HEALTH CANADA WERE ACQUIRED FROM THE CANADIAN INTEGRATED PROGRAM FOR ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE SURVEILLANCE AND THE CANADIAN COMMITTEE FOR ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE, AND WERE USED TO CALCULATE TWO YEARLY METRICS: prescriptions per 1000 inhabitant-days and the mean defined daily doses (DDDs) per prescription. These measures were used to produce linear mixed models to assess differences among provinces and over time, while accounting for repeated measurements.The quinolone class of antimicrobials is used similarly among Canadian provinces. Year-to-year increases in quinolone prescribing occurred from 1995 to 2010, with a levelling off in the latter years. Year-to-year decreases in the DDDs per prescription were found to be significant from 2000 to 2010.Although the overall use of antimicrobials differs significantly among Canadian provinces, the use of the quinolone class does not vary at the provincial level. Results suggest that prescribing of ciprofloxacin may be a potential target for antimicrobial stewardship programs; however, decreases in the average DDDs per prescription suggest continued uptake of appropriate treatment guidelines.Puisque l’utilisation d’antimicrobiens s’associe souvent à l’apparition d’une résistance antimicrobienne, il est important d’en surveiller le volume et le mode d’utilisation.Évaluer l’utilisation d’antimicrobiens de la classe des quinolones au sein des provinces canadiennes au fil du temps.Les chercheurs ont acquis les données de prescription d’antimicrobiens colligées par IMS Health Canada auprès du Programme intégré canadien de surveillance de la résistance aux antimicrobiens et du Comité canadien sur la résistance aux antibiotiques et les ont utilisées pour calculer deux mesures annuelles : les prescriptions par 1 000 habitants-jours et les doses quotidiennes définies (DTD) moyennes par prescription. Ils les ont utilisées pour produire des modèles linéaires mixtes afin d’évaluer les différences entre les provinces et au fil du temps, tout en tenant compte des mesures répétées.Les antimicrobiens de la classe des quinolones sont utilisés de manière similaire dans les provinces canadiennes. Les prescriptions annuelles de quinolone ont augmenté de 1995 à 2010, mais ont plafonné au cours des dernières années. Les DTD par prescription ont diminué annuellement de manière significative entre 2000 et 2010.Même si l’utilisation globale d’antimicrobiens diffère de manière significative entre les provinces canadiennes, l’utilisation de la classe des quinolones ne varie pas sur la scène provinciale. D’après les résultats, la prescription de ciprofloxacine peut être une cible potentielle des programmes de gestion des antimicrobiens. Cependant, les diminutions des DTD moyennes par prescription sont indicatrices d’une assimilation continue des directives thérapeutiques pertinentes. more...
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- 2014
9. Antibiotic prescriptions for outpatient acute rhinosinusitis in Canada, 2007-2013
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Scott Weese, Rita Finley, Shiona K Glass-Kaastra, Prateek Sharma, and Warren J. McIsaac
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0301 basic medicine ,Medical Doctors ,Health Care Providers ,Antibiotics ,lcsh:Medicine ,Disease ,Pediatrics ,Geographical locations ,0302 clinical medicine ,Outpatients ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Antimicrobial stewardship ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Practice Patterns, Physicians' ,Young adult ,Child ,lcsh:Science ,Rhinitis ,Multidisciplinary ,Antimicrobials ,Drugs ,Middle Aged ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Professions ,Child, Preschool ,Acute Disease ,Research Article ,medicine.drug ,Adult ,Canada ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Patients ,medicine.drug_class ,030106 microbiology ,Drug Prescriptions ,Microbiology ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Antibiotic resistance ,Physicians ,Microbial Control ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Sinusitis ,Medical prescription ,Intensive care medicine ,Aged ,Pharmacology ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Penicillin ,Health Care ,Age Groups ,Antibiotic Resistance ,People and Places ,North America ,Etiology ,Population Groupings ,lcsh:Q ,Antimicrobial Resistance ,business - Abstract
Introduction Acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is a respiratory disease commonly caused by viral infections. Physicians regularly prescribe antibiotics despite bacterial etiologies being uncommon. This is of concern, as this use adds to the selection pressure for resistance. Here we present the descriptive epidemiology of acute rhinosinusitis and corresponding antibiotic prescribing practices by Canadian outpatient physicians from 2007–2013. Materials/Methods Diagnosis and antibiotic prescription data for ARS were extracted from the Canadian Disease and Therapeutic Index for 2007 to 2013, and population data were acquired from Statistics Canada. ARS diagnosis and antibiotic prescription rates and frequencies of antibiotic classes were calculated. Results Eighty-eight percent of patients diagnosed with ARS in 2013 were adults, with a greater rate of antibiotic prescriptions observed among the adults relative to the pediatric patients (1632.9 and 468.6 antibiotic prescriptions per 10,000 inhabitants). Between 2007 and 2013, the ARS diagnosis rate decreased from 596 to 464 diagnoses per 10,000 inhabitants, while the percentage of diagnoses with antibiotic prescriptions at the national level remained stable (87% to 84%). From 2007 to 2013, prescription rates for macrolides decreased from 203.5 to 105.4 prescriptions per 10,000 inhabitants. In 2013, penicillins with extended spectrum were more commonly prescribed compared to macrolides among adult patients (153.5 and 105.4 prescriptions per 10,000 inhabitants, respectively). Conclusion This study is the first to describe physician antibiotic prescribing practices for treatment of ARS in Canada. Results show that antibiotic treatment for ARS represents an area for implementing antimicrobial stewardship, and through it, managing antibiotic resistance. Further work is required to better understand diagnosing practices and treatment criteria for ARS, and use this information to further assist physicians to limit unnecessary antibiotic prescribing practices. more...
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- 2017
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