7 results on '"Parmigiani S"'
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2. Female competition in wild house mice depends upon timing of female/male settlement and kinship between females
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Palanza, P., Della Seta, D., Ferrari, P.F., and Parmigiani, S.
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Mice ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2004.09.014 Byline: P. Palanza, D. Della Seta, P.F. Ferrari, S. Parmigiani Abstract: We assessed the effects of different situational or social determinants on the regulation of female-female competition. We carried out a laboratory study to examine aggression and reproductive success of pairs of wild female mice, Mus musculus domesticus spp., as a function of the timing of settlement of females relative to that of males and the genetic relatedness and familiarity between females (sibling versus nonsibling females). After a few days of cohabitation with a male, females were highly aggressive towards, and intolerant of, any intruder female, regardless of relatedness and familiarity. In this condition, monogamy was the resulting mating pattern in approximately 80% of cases. Conversely, pairs of females who made contact with each other at the same time, or prior to cohabitation with a male, showed comparatively little aggression and a high degree of reciprocal tolerance. Only in these latter conditions did genetic relatedness and familiarity between females influence their behavioural interactions and reproductive success. Although nonsibling pairs showed higher frequencies of aggressive interactions than siblings, polygyny resulted in 97% of cases. However, in most sibling groups both the females weaned young and had greater reproductive success than nonsiblings. Nonsibling females appeared to compete for reproduction through the inhibition of reproduction or infanticide. These findings suggest that the timing of male/female settlement in a deme determines the level of female competition, which, in turn, affects the resulting mating pattern. Only when females showed social tolerance did genetic relatedness and familiarity influence reproductive success. Author Affiliation: (*) Dipartimento di Biologia Evolutiva e Funzionale, Universita degli Studi di Parma, Italy (a ) Dipartimento di Fisiologia, Universita degli Studi di Siena, Italy Article History: Received 6 February 2003; Revised 30 April 2003; Accepted 5 September 2004 Article Note: (miscellaneous) MS. number: 7614R
- Published
- 2005
3. Differential effects of chlordiazepoxide on aggressive behavior in male mice: the influence of social factors
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Ferrari, P. F., Parmigiani, S., Rodgers, R. J., and Palanza, P.
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- 1997
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4. Cross fostering in mice: behavioral and physiological carry-over effects in adulthood.
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Bartolomucci, A., Gioiosa, L., Chirieleison, A., Ceresini, G., Parmigiani, S., and Palanza, P.
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ANIMAL behavior ,PHYSIOLOGY ,MICE ,PARENTAL behavior in animals ,CORTICOSTERONE - Abstract
Cross fostering is a widely used laboratory practice. However, relatively few studies have directly investigated the carry-over effects of this procedure in adult animals. The aim of the present study is to investigate the late effects of cross fostering (CF) at birth (in litters composed of no siblings) on adult mice. When adults, cross-fostered male and female mice were examined for intrasex aggression, and levels of emotionality, exploration and anxiety. In addition, body weight was monitored, several internal organs were weighed and plasma corticosterone levels were measured. When compared to controls, body weight of CF male and female mice was increased, at least after early puberty. CF males showed smaller preputial glands, while basal corticosterone level was not affected by cross fostering. In the free-exploratory test, CF males, but not females, showed a behavioral profile suggestive of lower anxiety. These effects in adulthood cannot be ascribed to differences in the maternal care received, which was not affected by cross fostering. In conclusion, cross fostering at birth induced a number of behavioral and physiological alterations in mice, particularly in males. These findings should be carefully evaluated when applying cross fostering procedure to laboratory animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2004
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5. Does fear modulate defensive and offensive types of maternal attack in mice?
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Ferrari, P. F., Palanza, P., and Parmigiani, S.
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FEAR ,ANIMAL defenses ,AGONISTIC behavior in animals ,ANIMAL aggression ,MICE - Abstract
Swiss CD-1 lactating mice show a different pattern of attack toward intruders of differing sex, displaying defensive attack against the male (bites on the head and ventrum associated with fear) and offensive attack against the female (bites on the back and flanks with no elicitation of fear). This dichotomy may reflect diverse functions of maternal aggression: the attack toward males (the more infanticidal gender in laboratory strains) has been interpreted as a counterstrategy to infanticide, whereas the attack toward females may serve to establish a social hierarchy or to space rivals of the same sex. In terms of proximal mechanisms, fear may be a key factor involved in the modulation of the different patterns of attack. In Experiment 1 we compared the pattern of attack of lactating females in Swiss CD-1 and Wild mice toward male and female intruders in relation to fear components of behavior of the attacking dams. Results showed that in Swiss mice, male intruders were attacked with a defensive type of attack accompanied by high levels of fear, whereas female intruders did not elicit fear in the attacking animal but were attacked with an offensive pattern. In Wild mice, both types of intruders were attacked with a defensive pattern; notwithstanding, fear was evident only toward male intruders. This suggests that fear is not totally responsible for the expression of the defensive type of attack. To test the hypothesis that defensive attack toward male and female intruders may be related to the infanticidal potential of the intruder, Experiment 2 examined levels of infanticide in both male and female Swiss CD-1 and Wild mice. Swiss female mice showed virtually no infanticidal behavior, whereas Swiss males and both sexes of Wild mice showed similarly high levels of infanticide (55%–75%). From a game theory perspective, the defensive pattern of maternal attack toward female intruders in Wild mice is discussed as “extreme” defense of a high value resource and thus, functionally, a competitive form of aggression. Aggr. Behav. 26:193–203, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2000
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6. Naloxone Differentially Alters Parental Aggression by Female Mice Towards Conspecific Intruders of Differing Sex.
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Parmigiani, S., Rodgers, R. J., Palanza, P., and Mainardi, M.
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NALOXONE , *PHYSIOLOGIC salines , *ANIMAL attacks , *DEFENSIVENESS (Psychology) , *ENDORPHIN receptors , *GENDER differences (Psychology) , *RAT behavior , *THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Lactating mice respond differently to male and female conspecific intruders, displaying defensive attack towards the former and offensive attack towards the latter. Two studies are reported in which the effects of naloxone on this differential response pattern were assessed. In the first study, lactating residents were pretreated with saline or naloxone (0.5, 2.5 mg/kg) and consecutively confronted with intruders of differing sex. Results suggested that attack (offensive) against female conspecific is more sensitive to the inhibitory effects of opiate-receptor blockade than attack (defensive) on males. This conclusion was strengthened in a follow-up study, in which independent groups of lactating residents were used to further examine the effects of naloxone (0.5 mg/kg) on response to male and female intrusion. Analysis indicated that this low dose of naloxone significantly inhibited attack on female, but not on male, intruders. Indeed, in response to male, but not to female, intrusion, naloxone-treated residents showed a significant increase in fear-related behaviour. Findings are discussed in relation to the motivational differences in the response of lactating mice to intruders of differing sex and to possible mechanisms underlying the reported differential effects of opiate-receptor blockade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 1988
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7. Characterization of a novel peripheral pro-lipolytic mechanism in mice: role of VGF-derived peptide TLQP-21
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Monia Manieri, Federico Quaini, Antonio Giordano, Paolo Govoni, Corrado Ghè, Anna Moles, Maureen S. Riedl, Gallia Graiani, Lucy Vulchanova, Pamela Petrocchi, Saverio Cinti, Elena Bresciani, I. Bulgarelli, Alessandro Bartolomucci, Giampiero Muccioli, Aderville Cabassi, Roberta Possenti, Andrea Levi, Stefano Parmigiani, Antonio Torsello, Valentina Sanghez, Vittorio Locatelli, Andrea Frontini, Jørgen Petersen, Paola Palanza, Bjarne Due Larsen, Cheryl Cero, Possenti, R, Muccioli, G, Petrocchi, P, Cero, C, Cabassi, A, Vulchanova, L, Riedl, M, Manieri, M, Frontini, A, Giordano, A, Cinti, S, Govoni, P, Graiani, G, Quaini, F, Ghè, C, Bresciani, E, Bulgarelli, I, Torsello, A, Locatelli, V, Sanghez, V, Larsen, B, Petersen, J, Palanza, P, Parmigiani, S, Moles, A, Levi, A, and Bartolomucci, A
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adipose tissue ,Peptide ,Receptors, Cell Surface ,White adipose tissue ,Biology ,adipocyte ,Settore BIO/09 ,Biochemistry ,sympathetic nervous system VGF ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,In vivo ,Internal medicine ,Adipocyte ,medicine ,Adipocytes ,Lipolysis ,Animals ,Nerve Growth Factors ,Obesity ,Receptor ,BIO/14 - FARMACOLOGIA ,Molecular Biology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,granin-derived peptide ,TLQP-21 ,Neuropeptides ,²-adrenergic receptor ,VGF ,Cell Biology ,Dietary Fats ,Peptide Fragments ,adipose tissue ,Protein Transport ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Body Composition ,NIH 3T3 Cells ,Ex vivo ,Protein Binding - Abstract
The peptides encoded by the VGF gene are gaining biomedical interest and are increasingly being scrutinized as biomarkers for human disease. An endocrine/neuromodulatory role for VGF peptides has been suggested but never demonstrated. Furthermore, no study has demonstrated so far the existence of a receptormediated mechanism for any VGF peptide. In the present study, we provide a comprehensive in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo identification of a novel pro-lipolytic pathway mediated by the TLQP-21 peptide. We show for the first time that VGF-immunoreactivity is present within sympathetic fibres in the WAT (white adipose tissue) but not in the adipocytes. Furthermore, we identified a saturable receptor-binding activity for the TLQP-21 peptide. The maximum binding capacity for TLQP-21 was higher in the WAT as compared with other tissues, and selectively up-regulated in the adipose tissue of obese mice. TLQP-21 increases lipolysis in murine adipocytes via a mechanism encompassing the activation of noradrenaline/β-adrenergic receptors pathways and dose-dependently decreases adipocytes diameters in two models of obesity. In conclusion, we demonstrated a novel and previously uncharacterized peripheral lipolytic pathway encompassing the VGF peptide TLQP-21. Targeting the sympathetic nerve-adipocytes interaction might prove to be a novel approach for the treatment of obesityassociated metabolic complications. © The Authors Journal compilation © 2012 Biochemical Society.
- Published
- 2012
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