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Objetivo. Estudiar la asociación entre defunciones registradas en la delegación Coyoacán y consumo de tabaco y alcohol. Material y métodos. Estudio de mortalidad proporcional y determinación de fracción atribuible en una cohorte de sujetos de la ciudad de México, D.F., México. Se reunió información de todas las defunciones de 1998 captadas a través del Sistema Estadístico y Epidemiológico de las Defunciones (SEED) en la delegación Coyoacán, clasificándolas por diagnóstico en enfermedades del sistema circulatorio (ESC), sistema respiratorio (EPOC), neoplasias (NEO). Se encuestó a familiares de los fallecidos sobre consumo de tabaco y alcohol. Resultados. Fumar los últimos 10 años de vida fue significativo para ESC en hombres de 70 años y más (RM: 2.06, IC 95%=1.18-3.58); y continuar fumando el último año de vida fue significativo para NEO y para EPOC en mujeres de 70 años y más (NEO= RM: 7.24, IC 95%=1.71-30.53; ESR= RM: 4.82, IC 95%=1.41-16.50). En el modelo de regresión para ESC, las personas con tabaquismo intenso tuvieron una posibilidad 0.83 veces mayor de fallecer por ESC, y el RA de esta variable para las ESC en la población general fue 45%. (RM=1.83; IC 95% = 1.1-2.8 pObjective. To study the mortality attributable to tobacco and alcohol consumption. Material and Methods. Deaths occurring in 1998, abstracted from the mortality statistics registry in the Coyoacan District of Mexico City, were classified by cause as: Cardiovascular Diseases, Respiratory Diseases, and Neoplasias. Relatives of the deceased were interviewed to answer a questionnaire on tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking. Results. Smoking during the last ten years of life was significantly associated with cardiovascular disease in men aged 70 years or older (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.18-3.58). Persistent smoking in the last year of life was significantly associated with deaths from neoplasias and respiratory diseases in women aged 70 years or older (OR: 7.24, 95% CI 1.71-30.53; OR: 4.82 95% CI 1.41-16.50, respectively). The regression model for cardiovascular disease showed that subjects with intense tobacco consumption were almost twice as likely to die from cardiovascular disease (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.1-2.8, p

Objetivo. Estudiar la asociación entre defunciones registradas en la delegación Coyoacán y consumo de tabaco y alcohol. Material y métodos. Estudio de mortalidad proporcional y determinación de fracción atribuible en una cohorte de sujetos de la ciudad de México, D.F., México. Se reunió información de todas las defunciones de 1998 captadas a través del Sistema Estadístico y Epidemiológico de las Defunciones (SEED) en la delegación Coyoacán, clasificándolas por diagnóstico en enfermedades del sistema circulatorio (ESC), sistema respiratorio (EPOC), neoplasias (NEO). Se encuestó a familiares de los fallecidos sobre consumo de tabaco y alcohol. Resultados. Fumar los últimos 10 años de vida fue significativo para ESC en hombres de 70 años y más (RM: 2.06, IC 95%=1.18-3.58); y continuar fumando el último año de vida fue significativo para NEO y para EPOC en mujeres de 70 años y más (NEO= RM: 7.24, IC 95%=1.71-30.53; ESR= RM: 4.82, IC 95%=1.41-16.50). En el modelo de regresión para ESC, las personas con tabaquismo intenso tuvieron una posibilidad 0.83 veces mayor de fallecer por ESC, y el RA de esta variable para las ESC en la población general fue 45%. (RM=1.83; IC 95% = 1.1-2.8 p

Objective. To examine how policies adopted in Mexico in response to the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control affected smoking prevalence and smoking-attributable deaths. Methods. The SimSmoke simulation model of tobacco control policy is applied to Mexico. This discrete time, first-order Markov model uses data on population size, smoking rates and tobacco control policy for Mexico. It assesses, individually and jointly, the effects of seven types of policies: cigarette taxes, smoke-free air laws, mass media campaigns, advertising bans, warning labels, cessation treatment, and youth tobacco access policies. Results. The Mexico SimSmoke model estimates that smoking rates have been reduced by about 30% as a result of policies implemented since 2002, and that the number of smoking-attributable deaths will have been reduced by about 826 000 by 2053. Increases in cigarette prices are responsible for over 60% of the reductions, but health warnings, smoke-free air laws, marketing restrictions and cessation treatments also play important roles. Conclusions. Mexico has shown steady progress towards reducing smoking prevalence in a short period of time, as have other Latin American countries, such as Brazil, Panama and Uruguay. Tobacco control policies play an important role in continued efforts to reduce tobacco use and associated deaths in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJETIVE: To estimate the association between passive and active smoking exposures and lung cancer in Mexico City and the corresponding attributable risks. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data was analyzed from a multicenter population-based case-control study conducted in Mexico City. RESULTS: ORs for lung cancer in ever smokers were 6.2 (95% CI 3.9-10.2) for males and 2.8 (95% CI 1.7-4.4) for females. Passive smoking at home showed an overall OR of 1.8 (95% CI 1.3-2.6), similar in both genders. Attributable risk for active smoking for both genders combined, and for males and females separately, was estimated at 55, 76 and 27%, respectively. Attributable risk for passive smoking at home was 17% for females, 3.9% for males and 12% for the entire population. CONCLUSIONS: In Mexico City smoking is attributable to a smaller proportion of lung cancer cases than in developed countries. This is explained by a lower intensity of smoking in the Mexican population.OBJETIVO: Estimar la asociación entre tabaquismo pasivo y activo y cáncer pulmonar (CP) en la Ciudad de México (CM), así como los riesgos atribuibles asociados. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se analiza un estudio multicéntrico de casos-controles con base poblacional, realizado en la CM. RESULTADOS: Las RM para CP en alguna vez fumadores fueron de 6.2 (IC 95% 3.9, 10.2) en hombres y 2.8 (IC 95% 1.7, 4.4) en mujeres. La exposición pasiva al tabaco mostró una RM en ambos sexos de 1.8 (IC 95% 1.3, 2.6), similar en ambos sexos. Los riesgos atribuibles asociados al tabaquismo activo para ambos sexos, hombres y mujeres fueron de 55, 76 y 27%, respectivamente. El riesgo atribuible para tabaquismo fue de 17% en mujeres, 3.9% en hombres y 12% en ambos sexos. CONCLUSIONES: En la CM el tabaquismo explica una fracción menor de casos de CP que el estimado en países desarrollados. Esto se debe a que en México la intensidad del tabaquismo es menor.

OBJECTIVE: To examine how policies adopted in Mexico in response to the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control affected smoking prevalence and smoking-attributable deaths. METHODS: The SimSmoke simulation model of tobacco control policy is applied to Mexico. This discrete time, first-order Markov model uses data on population size, smoking rates and tobacco control policy for Mexico. It assesses, individually and jointly, the effects of seven types of policies: cigarette taxes, smoke-free air laws, mass media campaigns, advertising bans, warning labels, cessation treatment, and youth tobacco access policies. RESULTS: The Mexico SimSmoke model estimates that smoking rates have been reduced by about 30% as a result of policies implemented since 2002, and that the number of smoking-attributable deaths will have been reduced by about 826 000 by 2053. Increases in cigarette prices are responsible for over 60% of the reductions, but health warnings, smoke-free air laws, marketing restrictions and cessation treatments also play important roles. CONCLUSIONS: Mexico has shown steady progress towards reducing smoking prevalence in a short period of time, as have other Latin American countries, such as Brazil, Panama and Uruguay. Tobacco control policies play an important role in continued efforts to reduce tobacco use and associated deaths in Mexico.