1. Complementary Analytical Platforms of NMR Spectroscopy and LCMS Analysis in the Metabolite Profiling of Isochrysis galbana .
- Author
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Bustamam MSA, Pantami HA, Azizan A, Shaari K, Min CC, Abas F, Nagao N, Maulidiani M, Banerjee S, Sulaiman F, and Ismail IS
- Subjects
- Amino Acids isolation & purification, Carotenoids isolation & purification, Chromatography, Liquid, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated isolation & purification, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Mass Spectrometry, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Haptophyta metabolism, Metabolomics
- Abstract
This study was designed to profile the metabolites of Isochrysis galbana , an indigenous and less explored microalgae species.
1 H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) were used to establish the metabolite profiles of five different extracts of this microalga, which are hexane (Hex), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), absolute ethanol (EtOH), EtOH:water 1:1 (AqE), and 100% water (Aq). Partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) of the generated profiles revealed that EtOAc and Aq extracts contain a diverse range of metabolites as compared to the other extracts with a total of twenty-one metabolites, comprising carotenoids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and amino acids, that were putatively identified from the NMR spectra. Meanwhile, thirty-two metabolites were successfully annotated from the LCMS/MS data, ten of which (palmitic acid, oleic acid, α-linolenic acid, arachidic acid, cholesterol, DHA, DPA, fucoxanthin, astaxanthin, and pheophytin) were similar to those present in the NMR profile. Another eleven glycerophospholipids were discovered using MS/MS-based molecular network (MN) platform. The results of this study, besides providing a better understanding of I. galbana 's chemical make-up, will be of importance in exploring this species potential as a feed ingredient in the aquaculture industry.- Published
- 2021
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