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Background: Individuals with disabilities have health needs similar to the general population. Smoking and metabolic syndrome have emerged as major cardiovascular risks that contribute to systemic inflammation and mortality. However, few studies have focused on the association between smoking and cardiometabolic risks in adult men with disabilities., Aims: This study explored the prevalence of smoking and its association with cardiometabolic risk and associated factors among male adults with disabilities., Methods: This study was part of a nurse-led health-promotion program designed to examine the health needs in health programs for adults with disabilities. A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2013-December 2014, in Chiayi County, Taiwan., Results: Of the total of 964 male participants enrolled in this study, 874 (90.7%) participants had complete data sets. The prevalence of cigarette smoking and metabolic syndrome were 42%, and 33.3%, respectively. More than half (62.7%) had high blood pressure and 43.5% had central obesity. Compared with non-smokers, smokers tended to engage in less frequent regular exercise ( p<0.001), eat fewer vegetables and fruit ( p<0.05), and drink less water ( p<0.05). After adjusting for potential confounding variables, multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that smoking was an independent factor for cardiometabolic risk., Conclusion: The present findings show a high prevalence of cigarette smoking, unhealthy lifestyle, and cardiometabolic risk among adult men with disabilities. Clinicians and primary healthcare providers should reduce the consequences thereof by initiating innovative health promotion programs.

Background. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a clustering of metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Many studies have shown the influence of an unhealthy lifestyle on the risk of MetS, yet some aspects remain controversial. Aim of the study: to investigate the relationship between an unhealthy lifestyle and the risk of MetS. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted using a sample of 181 patients, 54 (29.8%) males and 127 (70.2%) females, aged 59.95±10.8 years. The baseline survey involved the completion of structured questionnaires and clinical examination. Results. Rural environment, lower education level, past smoking, the absence of fruit/vegetables in the diet, carbonated soft drinks, and the consumption of significant amounts of alcohol were risk factors for the MetS. Conclusion. A precise etiology for the MetS remains unclear, but it is known to result from a complex interaction of genetic, metabolic, and socio-economic and environmental factors.

Background: Depression is a heterogeneous disorder with multiple aetiological pathways and multiple therapeutic targets. This study aims to determine whether atypical depression (AD) characterized by reversed neurovegetative symptoms is associated with a more pernicious course and a different sociodemographic, lifestyle, and comorbidity profile than nonatypical depression (nonAD). Methods: Among 157 366 adults who completed the UK Biobank Mental Health Questionnaire (MHQ), N = 37 434 (24%) met the DSM-5 criteria for probable lifetime major depressive disorder (MDD) based on the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Short Form. Participants reporting both hypersomnia and weight gain were classified as AD cases (N = 2305), and the others as nonAD cases (N = 35 129). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine differences between AD and nonAD in depression features, sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, lifetime adversities, psychiatric and physical comorbidities. Results: Persons with AD experienced an earlier age of depression onset, longer, more severe and recurrent episodes, and higher help-seeking rates than nonAD persons. AD was associated with female gender, unhealthy behaviours (smoking, social isolation, low physical activity), more lifetime deprivation and adversity, higher rates of comorbid psychiatric disorders, obesity, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and metabolic syndrome. Sensitivity analyses comparing AD persons with those having typical neurovegetative symptoms (hyposomnia and weight loss) revealed similar results. Conclusions: These findings highlight the clinical and public health significance of AD as a chronic form of depression, associated with high comorbidity and lifetime adversity. Our findings have implications for predicting depression course and comorbidities, guiding research on aetiological mechanisms, planning service use and informing therapeutic approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a clustering of metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Many studies have shown the influence of an unhealthy lifestyle on the risk of MetS, yet some aspects remain controversial. Aim of the study: to investigate the relationship between an unhealthy lifestyle and the risk of MetS. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted using a sample of 181 patients, 54 (29.8%) males and 127 (70.2%) females, aged 59.95±10.8 years. The baseline survey involved the completion of structured questionnaires and clinical examination. Results. Rural environment, lower education level, past smoking, the absence of fruit/vegetables in the diet, carbonated soft drinks, and the consumption of significant amounts of alcohol were risk factors for the MetS. Conclusion. A precise etiology for the MetS remains unclear, but it is known to result from a complex interaction of genetic, metabolic, and socio-economic and environmental factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unhealthy lifestyle, as sedentary, unbalanced diet, smoking, and body composition change are often observed in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) survivors, and could be determinant for the onset of cancer treatment-induced metabolic syndrome (CTIMetS), including abdominal obesity, sarcopenia, and insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to assess whether changes in body composition, unhealthy lifestyles and types of anti-cancer treatment could increase the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) and sarcopenia in long-term NHL survivors. We enrolled 60 consecutive NHL patients in continuous remission for at least 3 years. Nutritional status was assessed by anthropometry-plicometry, and a questionnaire concerning lifestyles and eating habits was administered. More than 60% of survivors exhibited weight gain and a change in body composition, with an increased risk of MetSyn. Univariate analysis showed a significantly higher risk of metabolic disorder in patients treated with steroids, and in patients with unhealthy lifestyles. These data suggest that a nutritional intervention, associated with adequate physical activity and a healthier lifestyle, should be indicated early during the follow-up of lymphoma patients, in order to decrease the risk of MetSyn's onset and correlated diseases in the long term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]