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Exciton excited states in the quantum well are studied via their effect on the nonradiative broadening of the ground exciton resonance. Dependence of the nonradiative broadening of the ground exciton state on the photon energy of additional laser excitation was measured. Applying magnetic field up to 6 T, we could trace the formation of Landau levels and evolution of the exciton states of size quantization in a 14-nm GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well. Sensitivity of the technique allowed for observation of the second exciton state of size quantization, unavailable for conventional reflectance and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Our interpretation is supported by the numerical calculation of the exciton energies of the heavy-hole and light-hole subsystems. The numerical problems were solved using the finite-difference method on the nonuniform grid. The ground Landau level of the free electron-hole pair was observed and numerically analysed. In addition to energies of the excited states, electron hole distances and exciton-light interaction constant was investigated using the obtained in the numerical procedure exciton wave functions.

We report on first direct observation of spontaneous fluctuations of birefringence in glasses doped with rare-earth (RE) ions. The fluctuations were observed in Nd$^{3+}$- and Yb$^{3+}$-doped glasses as polarization noise of the laser beam transmitted through the sample in the region of the RE-ion absorption. The noise was characterized by a flat (``white'') spectrum in the range of frequencies up to 1 GHz and did not show any dependence on magnetic field. The discovered polarization noise is interpreted in terms of structural dynamics of glasses revealed at low temperatures and usually described in the model of tunneling two-level systems (TLS). High sensitivity of the polarization noise technique to this dynamics is related to small homogeneous width of \textit{f-f} transitions of RE-ions in glasses and small spectral width of the probe laser light. The discovered effect provides a new experimental approach to studying low-temperature structural dynamics of different disordered matrices and interactions of impurities with environment in such media.

It is known that linear birefringence of the medium essentially hinders measuring the Faraday effect. For this reason, optically anisotropic materials have never been considered as objects of the Faraday-rotation-based spin noise spectroscopy (SNS). We show, both theoretically and experimentally, that strong optical anisotropy that may badly suppress the regular Faraday rotation of the medium, practically does not affect the measurement of the spatially uncorrelated spin fluctuations. An important consequence of this result is that the Faraday-rotation noise should be also insensitive to spatially nonuniform birefringence, which makes the SNS applicable to a wide class of optically anisotropic and inhomogeneous materials. We also show that the birefringent media provide additional opportunity to measure spatial spin correlations. Results of the experimental measurements of the spin-noise spectra performed on 4$f$--4$f$ transitions of Nd$^{3+}$ ions in the CaWO$_4$ and LiYF$_4$ crystals well agree with the theory., 5 pages, 2 figures

The MAPbI$_3$ halide perovskite single crystals are studied at 5 K temperature using the photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy. Two non-interacting types of states are determined: bound excitons and defect-related states. Excitation of the crystal with light energy below the bound exciton resonance reveals the complex low-density defects emission, otherwise hidden by the emission of bound excitons. A way to separate these defect-related luminescence spectra is proposed, and the thorough study of this emission regime is carried out. The results of this study opens an area of low-density defects and dopants exploration in halide perovskite semiconductors.

We report the observation of tens of minor lines of the combinational spin-flip Raman scattering in a CdTe:Mn quantum well by means of the high-resolution optical spectroscopy. Classification of this manifold leads to four characteristic values of energy, that correspond to four different types of pair clusters of Mn ions: the nearest, second, third etc. neighbors. All the four energies show up in a single experiment with a very high precision, providing experimental grounds for a deeper understanding of the d-d exchange interactions in a diluted magnetic semiconductor and demonstrating the capacity of the employed method. The major (nearest-neighbor) exchange constant J_1 = 6.15 K was found to consent with its previously reported value. Other detected characteristic energies are as follows: J_{(2)} = 1.80 K, J_{(3)} = 1.39 K, J_{(4)} = 0.81 K., Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures

The single scattering theory is applied to spin noise spectroscopy (SNS). The case of two Gaussian probe beams tilted with respect to each other is analysed. It is shown that SNS signal in this case carry information about spatial correlations of studied gyrotropic medium., Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure

We exploit spin noise spectroscopy (SNS) to directly observe build-up of dynamic nuclear polarization and relaxation of a perturbed nuclear spin-system to its equilibrium state in a single-shot experiment. The SNS experiments were performed on a layer of bulk $n$-type GaAs embedded into a high-finesse microcavity with negative detuning. The dynamic nuclear spin polarization is observed as a shift of the peak in the electron spin noise spectrum due to the build-up of the Overhauser field acting on the electron spin. The relaxation dynamics of nuclear spin system was revealed in the time-resolved SNS experiments where the exponential decay of the Overhauser field with characteristic timescale of hundreds of seconds was detected. We show that elliptically polarized laser beam tuned in resonance with the cavity mode, whose energy corresponds to nominal transparency of the semiconductor, can nevertheless produce a sizable nuclear polarization., 4 pages and 3 figures

Recently reported optical nuclear orientation in the $n$-doped GaAs microcavity under pumping in nominal transparency region of the crystal [Appl. Phys. Lett. $\mathbf{106}$, 242405 (2015)] has arisen a number of questions, the main of them concerning mechanisms of angular momentum transfer from the light to the nuclear spin system and the nature of the light-related magnetic fields accompanying the optical nuclear polarization. In this paper, we use the spin noise spectroscopy for magnetometric purposes, particularly, to study effective fields acting upon electron spin system of an $n$-GaAs layer inside a high-Q microcavity in the presence of elliptically polarized probe beam. In addition to the external magnetic field applied to the sample in the Voigt geometry and the Overhauser field created by optically oriented nuclei, the spin noise spectrum reveals an additional effective, "optical," magnetic field produced by elliptically polarized probe itself. This field is directed along the light propagation axis, with its sign being determined by the sign of the probe helicity and its magnitude depending on degree of circular polarization and intensity of the probe beam. We analyze properties of this optical magnetic field and suggest that it results from the optical Stark effect in the field of the elliptically polarized electromagnetic wave., Comment: 9+ pages, 7 figures

The spin-fluctuations-related Kerr rotation noise of the optical beam reflected from a microcavity with a quantum well in the intermirror gap is studied. In the regime of anti-crossing of the cavity polariton branches, the several hundred times enhancement of the noise signal, or giant noise, is observed. The effect of the amplification of the noise signal is explained by the nonlinear instability of the microcavity. In the frame of the developed model of built-in amplifier, the non-trivial properties of the noise signal in the regime of the negative detuning of microcavity are described., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures