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Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions have been the main cause for anthropogenic climate change. To meet the growing demand for CO2 removal, membrane separation technology using blend membranes is a promising and attractive alternative. Recently, blend membranes consisting of glassy and rubbery polymers has risen in popularity for the gas separation industry due to its ability to effectively minimise trade-off between selectivity and permeability. In this study, glassy poly(ethersulfone) (PES) is blended with rubbery poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) using a mixture of n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and dimethylformamide (DMF) solvents. Compatibility of PES, PEG, NMP, and DMF within the casting solution was studied using the Hansen solubility parameter (HSP) ternary diagram. Moreover, compatibility of different weight ratio of NMP/DMF solvents (45/15, 40/20, 30/30, 20/40, and 15/45) with respect to the 20/20 PEG/PES polymer blend was investigated based on its relative affinity values. Additionally, single-gas permeation test was used to evaluate the performance of the synthesized PEG/PES blend membranes towards CO2/nitrogen (N2) separation. Scanning electron microscopy, contact angle, and attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) analysis were conducted to analyse the membrane morphology, wettability, and functional groups, respectively. Based on the HSP ternary diagram, PES, PEG, NMP, and DMF were predicted to be miscible in the casting solution. Blends are also deemed more compatible with higher DMF fraction due to the decreasing relative affinity values with increasing DMF fraction. According to the results, NMP/DMF solvent concentration was optimized at 20/40 NMP/DMF having obtained the highest CO2/N2 selectivity of 1.36 ± 0.01 and CO2 permeance of 6277.45 ± 11.0 GPU. On that regard, the enhanced CO2/N2 gas separation performance of the PEG/PES blend membrane can potentially have an important contribution to CO2 separation processes in the industry in order to decrease emissions and minimize the risk of climate change.

Global warming has been identified as a serious environmental issue. The most promising way to stop the greenhouse gas effect is to develop a high-performance membrane for CO2 separation. In this s...

Recently, carbon capture utilizing membrane technology has received much attention to limit the adverse effect caused by rising carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the atmosphere as they are less energy intensive and more environmentally friendly. Among the type of membranes, mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) has shown promising gas separation results. In this study, polymer blend MMMs were fabricated using polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyethersulfone (PES), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and solvent N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) using wet phase-inversion technique. Results shown that functionalized MWCNTs (MWCNTs-F) were able to enhance gas separation performance of MMM. Furthermore, the effect of MWCNTs-F loading (0.005 wt% to 0.03 wt%) and polymer composition (PEG-PES weight ratio of 20:20, 30:10 and 32:8) were also studied. Results shown both parameters affect the gas separation performance of MMMs. The best performance in term of CO2/Nitrogen (N2) selectivity is found to be 1.235 ± 0.002 for MMM fabricated with 30 wt% PEG, 10 wt% PES and 0.02 wt% MWCNTs-F. In addition, MMM synthesized with PEG-PES weight ratio of 20:20 can withstand a pressure of 1.2 bar, indicating high mechanical strength. Hence, it is applicable in the post combustion carbon capture industry as typical flue gas has a pressure of 1.01 bar.

Various methods have been explored to improve the gas separation performance of polyimide membrane for more viable industrial commercialization. Generally, polyimide membrane can be synthesized via two different methods: chemical imidization and thermal imidization routes. Due to the markedly different membrane synthesis conditions, the influence of imidization methods on the gas transport properties of resulting membrane is worthy of investigation. The polyimide produced from two imidization methods was characterized for its molecular weight. In overall, the molecular weight of thermally imidized polyimide was higher than that of chemically imidized one except ODPA-6FpDA:DABA as it was prone to depropagation at high temperature. It was observed that the chemically imidized ODPA-6FpDA:DABA membrane possessed better gas separation performance than the thermally imidized counterpart. In particular, it showed 12 times higher CO2 permeability (19.21 Barrer) with CO2/N2 selectivity of 5. After crosslinking, the CO2/N2 selectivity of the polyimide membrane was further improved to 11.8 at 6 bar of permeation pressure.

Membrane-based technology has received much attention in the past decades due to attractive features offered. Through significant breakthroughs of this technology, the mixed matrix membrane (MMM) has demonstrated a promising carbon dioxide (CO2)/nitrogen (N2) separation performance. Among the polymer materials used, cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) polymer was selected due to its outstanding characteristics, which subsequently could improve the CO2 sorption ability. In this study, MMM was prepared by incorporating the functionalised multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-F) as inorganic material into the CAB polymer matrix (MMM-4F). The CAB membrane (CAB-M) was also synthesised under similar fabrication parameters via the phase-inversion method to determine the CO2/N2 separation performance. The gas permeation results showed that the CO2/N2 separation performance increased dramatically from 6.12 ± 0.09 to 11.00 ± 1.92 when 4 wt% of MWCNTs-F was incorporated into the CAB polymer matrix. The increase in CO2 permeance within the MMM was due to the embedded MWCNTs-F within the CAB polymer matrix. In this study, the new synthesised MMM proved to possess excellent CO2/N2 separation performance. However, it could further be improved by manipulating the amount of MWCNTs-F incorporated into the CAB polymer matrix. This is suitable for the gas separation field.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is responsible for approximately 80% of greenhouse gases emission that is the main source to global climate change causing notable environmental impacts. Poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) have polar PEG repeating units, which provide a strong affinity towards carbon dioxide (CO2) molecules has been blended with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) to synthesize membrane for CO2/nitrogen (N2) separation. The new synthesized membrane is studied for potential applications in gas separation and to be implemented in control CO2 emission. APTMS is also used to delay the diffusion between polymer and solvent. In this study, concentration of polymer of PEGDA and casting solvent of APTMS in terms of mol ratio from a range of 0.9:1.1 to 1.3:0.7 is discussed. Based on the results, PEGDA membrane shows best gas separation performance at mol ratio of PEGDA to APTMS of 1:1 where the permeance for both CO2/N2, and CO2/N2 selectivity are 75.21±0.15 GPU, 22.95±0.05 GPU and 3.28±0.12, respectively. An optimal aminosilane/polymer reaction ratio benefits the gas separation performance of the membrane due to the affinity of the membrane towards CO2 and formation of different membrane surface morphology.

In recent years, mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) have received worldwide attention for their potential to offer superior gas permeation and separation performance involving CO2 and CH4. However, fabricating defect-free MMMs still remains as a challenge where the incorporation of fillers into MMMs has usually led to some issues including formation of undesirable interfacial voids, which may jeopardize the gas separation performance of the MMMs. This current work investigated the incorporation of zeolite RHO and silane-modified zeolite RHO (NH2–RHO) into polysulfone (PSf) based MMMs with the primary aim of enhancing the membrane’s gas permeation and separation performance. The synthesized zeolite RHO, NH2–RHO, and fabricated membranes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and field emission scanning election microscopy (FESEM). The effects of zeolite loading in the MMMs on the CO2/CH4 separation performance were investigated. By incorporating 1 wt% of zeolite RHO into the MMMs, the CO2 permeability and ideal CO2/CH4 selectivity slightly increased by 4.2% and 2.7%, respectively, compared to that of a pristine PSf membrane. On the other hand, a significant enhancement of 45% in ideal CO2/CH4 selectivity was attained by MMMs incorporated with 2 wt% of zeolite NH2-RHO compared to a pristine PSf membrane. Besides, all MMMs incorporated with zeolite NH2-RHO displayed higher ideal CO2/CH4 selectivity than that of the MMMs incorporated with zeolite RHO. By incorporating 1–3 wt% zeolite NH2-RHO into PSf matrix, MMMs without interfacial voids were successfully fabricated. Consequently, significant enhancement in ideal CO2/CH4 selectivity was enabled by the incorporation of zeolite NH2–RHO into MMMs.

Many studies have focused on increasing the superhydrophobicity of membranes to enhance the sustainable desalination capability of membrane distillation (MD) process. This work focuses on the influences of crystalline β-polymorphs and micro-roughness surface-printing, to transform the surface of hydrophobic poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes to achieve superhydrophobicity. This study uses two types of PVDF (HV- and LV-PVDF) with different polymer chain lengths and polymer densities. According to FTIR analyses, the membranes synthesized using HV- and LV-PVDF are mainly composed of β-phase polymorphs, with relative fractions of 0.633 and 0.472, respectively. The high content of hydrophilic β-phase polymorphs renders the contact angle (CA) of the non-surface-printed HV-PVDF membrane as low as 87.2o. Through the uniformly distributed micro-scaled structures on the surface-printed PVDF membranes, the surface-printed HV-PVDF membrane successfully surpassed the superhydrophobicity, with a CA of 151.1o and a dynamic sliding angle (SA) of 13o. Regardless of the surface-printing, the HV-PVDF membranes remain a similar surface porosity (42%). The results proved that the layered micro-roughness of surface-printing can resist membrane wetting during MD separation by achieving at least a four-fold increase in average permeation flux from 2.5 kg/m2 h to 10 kg/m2 h and salt rejection of 99.99%. This study qualitatively explains the importance of material chemistry (β-phase polymorphs) and surface roughness (micro-roughness), which affect membrane wetting resistance during MD.

With an ever-increasing global population, the combustion of fossil fuels has risen immensely to meet the demand for electricity, resulting in significant increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. In recent years, CO2 separation technology, such as membrane technology, has become highly desirable. Fabricated mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) have the most desirable gas separation performances, as these membranes have the ability to overcome the trade-off limitations. In this paper, blended MMMs are reviewed along with two polymers, namely polyether sulfone (PES) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Both polymers can efficiently separate CO2 because of their chemical properties. In addition, blended N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and dimethylformamide (DMF) solvents were also reviewed to understand the impact of blended MMMs’ morphology on separation of CO2. However, the fabricated MMMs had challenges, such as filler agglomeration and void formation. To combat this, functionalised multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs-F) fillers were utilised to aid gas separation performance and polymer compatibility issues. Additionally, a summary of the different fabrication techniques was identified to further optimise the fabrication methodology. Thus, a blended MMM fabricated using PES, PEG, NMP, DMF and MWCNTs-F is believed to improve CO2/nitrogen separation.

In recent years, carbon capture technology has received much attention to limit the adverse effect caused by rising carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the atmosphere. Membrane technology has risen as an attractive option for carbon capture as it is less energy–intensive and more environmentally friendly compared with adsorption, absorption, and cryogenic separation. Polymeric membranes dominate the gas separation industries as they are cheaper and easier to fabricate compared with inorganic membranes but are bound to the permeance-selectivity trade-off limitation. Recently, researchers have been modifying polymeric membrane by polymer blending and mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) to overcome the limitation. Polymer blending yields a polymer blend that combines the benefits of two or more polymeric material. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyethersulfone (PES) are common polymeric materials used in the gas separation industry for membrane fabrication. PEG and PES were reviewed in this paper as potential polymer blends that efficiently separate CO2 due to their chemical characteristics. Another technique to overcome the trade-off limitation is fabricating MMMs that incorporate both polymeric membrane material and inorganic filler. However, MMM fabrication presents challenges such as polymer-filler incompatibility, void formation, and filler agglomeration due to unsuitable filler. Functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-F) were reviewed as fillers that are able to overcome the dispersion and polymer-compatibility issues and increase the gas separation performance of membranes. Hence, MMM that is fabricated from PEG, PES, and MWCNTs-F that combines both polymer blending and MMM techniques is believed to be a breakthrough for CO2/N2 separation.

Global warming and climate change due to greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission, mostly carbon dioxide (CO2), have induced global efforts to minimize the concentration of atmospheric CO2. To reduce the effects of this problem, membrane technology is selected for the separation of CO2 due to the energy efficiency and economic advantages exhibited. In this study, the chosen polymeric material, cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) is optimized using a wet phase inversion method with various molecular weight and different casting conditions due to its outstanding film-forming specifications and capabilities of fabricating a defect-free layer of neat membrane. The membrane was synthesized by blending three different molecular weights (Mn) of 12,000, 30,000 and 70,000 at different casting thickness, 150 µm to 300 µm and solvent evaporation time of 3.5 to 5 min. The results of these predominant parameters were then utilized to determine a high performance CAB membrane suitable for an enhanced CO2/Nitrogen (N2) separation. Eventually, a high separation performance CAB membrane was successfully synthesized with a CO2/N2 selectivity of 1.5819 ± 0.0775 when the solvent evaporation time and casting thickness was optimized at 4.5 min and 300 µm, respectively. Through this study, an improved understanding between membrane casting conditions and membrane performance has been achieved, for future development and progress.

The rise in emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) mainly carbon dioxide (CO2) in recent years due to rapid development of modern civilisation, has been listed as the primary contributor to global warming. To address this global issue, membrane technology was applied and developed intensively because of its superior performance in terms of efficiency and economic advantages. In this study, the cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) polymer was selected as the polymer matrix material since it exhibited excellent film-forming properties. In addition, the wet-phase inversion technique was adopted to synthesise the membrane based on different casting conditions. The optimum outcomes of the fabrication conditions were then characterised with the scanning electron micrograph (SEM) to determine the best CAB membrane for CO2/N2 separation. The results showed that CAB-70000 fabricated with 4 wt% of CAB polymer concentration, casting thickness of 250 µm, solvent evaporation time of 5 minutes, and 30 minutes of solvent exchange for isopropyl alcohol and n-hexane, exhibited the best gas separation performance. Further, CAB-70000 showed an average selectivity of 6.12 ± 0.09 and permeance up to 227.95 ± 0.39 GPU for CO2 and 37.28 ± 0.54 GPU for N2, respectively. In summary, this study is expected to show a detailed outline of the future direction and perspective of the novel CAB polymeric membrane that is suitable to be applied in the industry, and serves as an insight for researchers and manufacturers working in the related field of gas separation.

Preparation of membrane with lotus leaf-like surface is extremely important in direct contact membrane distillation (MD), to restrict invasion of the liquid into the membrane pores and consequently reducing membrane wettability. In this work, superhydrophobic membrane with an extreme water repellent surface has been designed by integrating 3D-hierarchical micro-textures on the membrane surface by using 5000 mesh fabric and non-woven as the templated substrates respectively. As shown in FESEM surface micrographs, different rough micro-scaled structures were thinly and uniformly distributed on the poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane, fabricated in either water or ethanol coagulation bath. Membrane produced using non-woven templated deposition and immersed in ethanol coagulation bath has produced rough surface with an average static water contact angle of 156° and dynamic sliding angle of 5°. Meanwhile, 5000 mesh fabric template has generated microscopic-architecture on the membrane surface with static water contact angle of 157° and dynamic sliding angle of 8°. Surface roughness analyses illustrates relatively narrower and deeper micro-valley created on the membrane surface deposition on the non-woven templated substrate than that of 5000 mesh fabric template. The hierarchically 3D-microtexture membrane displayed good wetting resistance in MD separation by achieving high permeate flux up to 24 kg/m2.h with salt rejection beyond 99.97 %. This study has qualitatively explain the contributions of the membrane surface roughness (micro- and nano-structures where tiny air pockets were trapped) towards its dynamic wetting behavior (sliding angle of water droplet slides from the membrane surface).

The significant breakthroughs of the membrane technology, specifically the blend mixed matrix membrane (MMM) has revealed a promising carbon dioxide (CO2)/nitrogen (N2) separation performance. In this study, the blend MMMs were prepared by incorporating the functionalised multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-F) as inorganic dispersant into the CAB blend polymer matrix. The blend MMMs were fabricated by blending CAB at molecular weight (Mn) of 70,000 with CAB Mn of 12,000 (M1), 30,000 (M2) and 65,000 (M3). It was found that M2 presented the highest CO2/N2 selectivity of 17.09 ± 1.29 with a CO2 permeance of 341.15 ± 1.19 GPU. The high CO2 permeance for M2 was subsequently a result of the compatible combination between the CAB polymers (Mn of 70000:30000). The blending of CAB polymers demonstrated enhanced functional groups and lowered the chain spacing of the blend MMM. Moreover, through the kinetic sorption study M2 was capable of achieving a moderate solubility coefficient of 7.58 × 1012 cm3 (STP)/cm4 cmHg. In addition, M2 was able to achieve a composition selectivity of 7.85 ± 1.48 from the binary gas permeation study with a feed composition of 50:50 for CO2/N2. From this study, the newly synthesised blend MMM proved to possess excellent CO2/N2 separation performance and revealed that an effective selection of polymer at different molecular weights plays an important role in the fabrication of the blend MMM.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the largest contributor of greenhouse gas emissions. Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) have recently received attention as an attractive candidate for membrane-based separation, for which MMMs can serve as an alternative to conventional polymeric and inorganic membranes. In this work, MMMs were developed using a cellulose acetate polymer with multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Vacuum drying and solvent-exchange drying methods were compared with different solvent exchange times (ethanol and hexane) based on the MMM morphologies and separation performances. The sorption of CO2 and the diffusion and solubility coefficients of the MMMs that were synthesized using the two drying methods mentioned above were determined kinetically. The separation results supported the effectiveness of the newly proposed solvent-exchange technique, where the MMMs that were treated with ethanol for 4 h followed by n-hexane for 1 h (M6) had greater mechanical strength and a better CO2/nitrogen (N2) separation performance at 40.17. Additionally, the kinetic results indicated that the solubility coefficient directly influenced the CO2 permeance, with the highest value of 198.352×1011 cm3(STP)/cm4 cmHg observed for the M6 membrane sample (4 h ethanol followed by 1 h n-hexane).

The improvement of the CO2 separation efficiency from flue gases has been identified as a high-priority research area, to reduce the total energy cost of sequestration technologies in coal-fired power plant. Among the separationtechniques, membrane technology, in particular mixed matrix membrane (MMM) appeared as the most attractive module due to its high separation capabilities (inorganic fillers) and economical processing materials (polymeric membrane). In this study, MMM was synthesized from cellulose acetate polymer with functionalized multi walled carbon nanotubes served as the inorganic fillers by wet phase inversion. Both vacuum drying and ethanol-hexane exchange drying methods were compared to investigate their influence on the MMM morphologies and properties. Experimental findings (FESEM, AFM and ATR-FTIR) showed that the ethanol–hexane exchange drying was an appropriate method to minimize morphology change of MMM, whereas the vacuum drying caused the greatestshrinkage to MMM structure. The CO2 permeance results supported the proposed solvent exchange mechanism where MMM with solvent exchange drying showed to have improved in their mechanical strength and betterpermeance of (733.90-741.67) GPU compared to the vacuum drying (18.72-18.44) GPU within pressure range of 1 to 3 bars.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions have been rising indiscriminately and are becoming a major contributor to Earth's greenhouse effect. One of the most promising means of separating the hazardous CO2 gas is to develop a cost effective and high-performance CO2 separation membrane. From the wide range of membrane materials available, mixed matrix membrane (MMM) technology has shown the most promising results. In this study, MMMs were synthesized from cellulose acetate (CA) with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using the wet phase inversion technique. The results shown that MMMs with functionalized MWCNTs (MWCNTs-F) demonstrated the enhance permeance and selectivity towards the separation of CO2/nitrogen (N2). Thus, different loadings of MWCNTs-F into MMM were further investigated to interpret the physical morphologies and functionalities of MMMs, which enable the separation of CO2/N2 in a specific manner. Gas permeation measurements showed excellent MMM performances in terms of permeance and selectivity at 0.1 wt% loadings of MWCNTs-F. This superior performance was due to the homogeneous dispersion between the MWCNTs-F and the CA matrix, which increased the sufficient free volumes between the polymer chains and enlarged the polymer/nanofiller interface, as confirmed by the X-ray diffraction results.

Greenhouse emission notably carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere have been increasing significantly over the last century. Hence, there is a need to address this issue to minimize the adverse environmental effects. Membrane separation is one solution that could potentially help in this endeavour. Among the many types of membranes available, mixed matrix membrane (MMM) is the most promising with the potential to surpass the many deficiencies present in both inorganic and polymeric membranes. In this study, results confirmed that incorporation of functionalized CNTs increases CO2 permeance. Hence, the different loadings of MWCNTs-F were investigated to find the optimum gas separation performance. From this optimization study, excellent MMM performances in terms of CO2 permeance were shown in 0.1wt% loading of MWCNTs-F. This superior performance was attributed to a good homogeneous dispersion of MWCNTs-F in the CA matrix which consequently enlarged the free volumes between the polymer chains and improved the polymer nano particulate interface. Apart from this, a kinetic sorption study showed improvements in the CO2 solubility coefficient over previous related work at 14.9601 × 1013 cm3(STP)/cm4.cmHg. Hence, the usage of lower acetyl content is proven to be capable of increasing the CO2 solubility coefficient.

With the rapid development of modern civilization, carbon dioxide (CO2) is produced in large quantities and mainly generated from industrial sectors. The gas emission is the major contributor to global warming. To address this issue, the membrane technology is implemented for the CO2 removal, due to the energy efficiency and economic advantages presented. Cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) is selected as the polymeric material, due to the excellent film-forming properties and capable of developing a defect-free layer of neat membrane. This study described the fabrication development of CAB using a wet phase inversion method with different casting conditions. Where the composition of the casting solutions (3-5 wt %) and solvent evaporation time (4-6 min) were determined. The outcomes of these dominant parameters were then used to determine the best CAB membrane for CO2/Nitrogen (N2) separation and supported by the characterization i.e. scanning electron micrograph. Gas permeation measurements showed satisfactory performance for CAB membrane fabricated with 5 min evaporation time and 4 wt% polymer composition (M2). Where, its permeance and selectivity are 120.19 GPU and 3.17, respectively. In summary, this study showed a brief outlined of the future direction and perspective of CAB membrane for CO2/N2 separation.

Large emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the environment requires mitigation to avoid unbearable consequences on global climate change. The CO2 emissions generated by fossil fuel combustion within the power and industrial sectors need to be quickly curbed. The gas emission can be abated using membrane technology; this is one of the most promising approaches for selective separation of CO2/N2. The purpose of the study is to synthesis an asymmetric polyetherimide (PEI) membrane and to establish its morphological characteristics for CO2/N2 separation. The PEI flat-sheet asymmetric membrane was fabricated using phase inversion with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as solvent and water-isopropanol as a coagulant. Particularly, polymer concentration of 20, 25, and 30 wt. % were studied. In addition, the structure and morphology of the produced membrane were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Importantly, results showed that the membrane with high PEI concentration of 30 wt. % yield an optimal selectivity of 10.7 for CO2/Nitrogen (N2) separation at 1 bar and 25 oC for pure gas, aided by the membrane surface morphology. The dense skin present was as a result of non-solvent (water) while isopropanol generates a porous sponge structure. This appreciable separation performance makes the PEI asymmetric membrane an attractive alternative for CO2/N2 separation.

The improvement of Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) separation efficiency from flue gases to reduce the total energy cost of sequestration technologies in coal-fired power plants has been identified as a high-priority research area. In the past three decades, membranes have attracted the attention of chemists and engineers due to their unique separation principles (i.e., selective transport and efficient separation compared to other unit operations). In this study, the formation of cellulose acetate (CA) membrane for CO 2 /nitrogen (N 2 ) separation was investigated by wet phase inversion. In order to modify the CA membrane structure, different concentration ratio of solvent mixture (acetic acid:water), acetic acid and water were studied. The CA membranes were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The separation results supported by the characterization, where the best formulate membrane with solvent mixture ratio of 70:30 (acetic acid:water), acetic acid concentration of 63 wt% and water concentration of 27 wt% had high CO 2 permeance of 400.92 GPU and slightly better CO 2 /N 2 separation performance at 32.92 as compared to others literature.