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Muleta Teshome Assefa, Wubie Birlie Chekol, Debas Yaregal Melesse, Yonas Addisu Nigatu Department of Anesthesia, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Wubie Birlie Chekol Email birliewubie@gmail.comIntroduction: Emergence delirium is a common incidental trouble in elderly patients that may interfere with patient recovery and will challenge the attending staff. So, we aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors of emergence delirium after anesthesia in elderly patients at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (UOGCSH), Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU).Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted from February 20 to May 20, 2020 among elective and emergency procedures in patients aged 60 years and over at UOGCSH, PACU. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20. The association between outcome variables and independent variables was determined by binary logistic regression analysis. The strength of association of variables was determined by calculating crude and adjusted odds ratio with 95%CI. A P-value of < 0.05 was used to determine the significance of the variable.Results: A total of 172 patients were included with a 97.7% response rate. The incidence of emergence delirium at PACU was 40.7% (95%CI: 32– 48). Perioperative intravenous narcotic used (AOR: 5.1, 95%CI: 1.265– 20.565), intraoperative excessive blood loss (AOR: 6.5, 95%CI: 2.47– 17.02), and preoperative anxiety (AOR: 7, 95%CI: 1.757– 28.549) were significantly associated with emergence delirium.Conclusion: Perioperative intravenous narcotic, intraoperative blood loss, and preoperative anxiety were significantly associated with emergence delirium. Reassuring patients preoperatively, giving full information about anesthesia and adequate postoperative pain management may decrease the magnitude of emergence delirium.Keywords: delirium, emergence delirium, incidence and associated factors, postanesthesia care

BackgroundPreterm mothers face unique challenges—the stress of preterm delivery and their premature babies’ inability to suckle directly from the breasts, culminating in poor milk supply. Galactogo...

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the authors because of an error involving the dataset which doubled the reported sample size, thereby invalidating the analysis. The authors reported this error immediately upon discovering the problem. The authors regret the error.

(2020). RETRACTED ARTICLE: Age- and education-related effects on cognitive functioning in Colored South African women. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition: Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 321-337.

The first revision of the AAN position statement on ethical considerations in dementia diagnosis and care in a quarter century is published in this issue of Neurology ® by Chiong et al.1 It is timely and welcome.

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the authors. This is an ongoing trial yet to be completed.

Statement of Retraction: Adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in advanced stage (III/IV) improves the outcome in the rituximab era We, the Editor[s] and Publisher of Hematology, have retracted the following article: Aviles, A, Nambo, M-J, Calva, A, et al. Adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in advanced stage (III/IV) improves the outcome in the rituximab era. Hematology. 2019;24:507-511; DOI: 10.1080/10245332.2018.1423880 The above article has been retracted as a result of concerns regarding the data upon which the presented research has been based. After re-examination and several independent expert reviews the consensus is that the data and results are not reliable and therefore the article must be retracted. The authors have agreed with this decision. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as "Retracted".

This article has been retracted.

The online-ahead-of-print published article, “Azithromycin 1.5% Ophthalmic Solution for Blepharitis Treatment: Comparison of 14- Versus 30-Day Treatment,” by Altay Yesim, Demirok Gulizar, Balta Ozgur, and Bolu Hulya (DOI: 10.1089/jop.2015.0099) is being officially retracted from Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics (JOPT) due to post-publication authorship disputes and the discovery of simultaneous submission to both JOPT and the International Journal of Ophthalmology, which is a violation of the proper protocols of peer review. Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics and its editorial leadership are committed to maintaining the highest levels of scientific reporting and publishing, and therefore officially retracts the article based on the infringements listed herein.

In this study, we use an effective word embedding model (word2vec) to systematically track ’vaccine hesitancy’ and ’logistical challenges’ associated with the Covid-19 vaccines, in the USA. To that effect, we use news articles from reputed media sources and create dictionaries to estimate different aspects of vaccine hesitancy and logistical challenges. Using machine learning and natural language processing techniques, we have developed (i) three sub-dictionaries that indicate vaccine hesitancy, and (ii) another dictionary for logistical challenges associated with vaccine production and distribution. Vaccine hesitancy dictionaries capture three aspects: (a) general vaccine related concerns, mistrusts, skepticisms, and hesitancy, (b) discussions on symptoms and side-effects, and (c) discussions on vaccine related physical effects. The dictionary on logistical challenges includes the words and phrases related to the production, storage, and distribution of vaccines. Our results show that over time, as vaccine developers complete different phase trials and get approval for their respective vaccines, the number of vaccine related news articles increases sharply. Accordingly, we also see a sharp increase in vaccine hesitancy related topics in news articles. However, in January 2021, there has been a decrease in the vaccine hesitancy score, which will give some relief to the health administrators and regulators. Our findings further show that as we get closer to the breakthrough of effective Covid-19 vaccines, new logistical challenges continue to rise, even in recent months.

At the request of the Journal Editor and the Publisher, the following article has been retracted: Khani Jeihooni A, Hidarnia A, Hossein Kaveh M, Hajizadeh E and Askari A (2015) The effect of an education program based on health belief model and social cognitive theory in prevention of osteoporosis in women. Journal of Health Psychology. Epub ahead of print 8 September. DOI: 10.1177/1359105315603696.

Retraction statementWe, the Editor and Publisher of the International Journal of Audiology, have retracted the following article.Rachel J. Ellis, and Jerker Ronnberg. 2019. "Temporal fine structure: relations to cognition and aided speech recognition." International Journal of Audiology. doi:10.1080/14992027.2019.1672899.The authors of the above-mentioned article published in the International Journal of Audiology have identified errors in the reported analysis (relating to the inclusion of data that should have been excluded) which impact the validity of the findings. The authors have, therefore, requested that the article be retracted.We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions.The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as "Retracted".

Objective To identify the characteristics of retracted publications in rehabilitation and sport sciences journals. Data Sources The Web of Science, PubMed, and Retraction Watch databases were searched from inception to August 2019. Study Selection Retracted publications published in rehabilitation or sport sciences journals, indexed in the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) and Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) were included. Data Extraction One author extracted the data. Two other authors checked the data. Data Synthesis A total of 37 and 52 retracted publications and their retraction notices were identified for rehabilitation and sport sciences, respectively. The majority of retracted publications (68% of all retracted papers in rehabilitation and 54% of all retracted papers in sport sciences) were published in the past decade. Retracted publications in rehabilitation and sport sciences were published in 21 and 22 different journals and originated from 18 and 21 different countries, respectively. The full-text of the retracted publications was available with a retraction watermark or note for 59% of cases in rehabilitation and 58% in sport sciences. The reasons for the retractions were more often attributed to misconduct (79% and 61%) than to honest error (21% and 39%) in rehabilitation and sport sciences, respectively. However, a reason was not stated for 15% of the publications. The median time interval between publication and retraction was 622 days in rehabilitation and 607 days in sport sciences publications. Conclusions The total number of retracted publications in rehabilitation and sport sciences journals was small. The retracted publications have been published in a variety of rehabilitation and sport sciences journals and came from different countries across the world. Several retracted publications and retraction notices failed to adhere to The Committee on Publication Ethics guidelines in the handling of full-text (retain with a watermark or note) or stating the underlying reasons for the retraction.

The article entitled, “Evaluation of Blood Glucose Meter Efficacy in an Antenatal Diabetes Clinic,” 2016;18(2):68–74. DOI: 10.1089/dia.2015.0104, is being officially retracted from Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics (DTT). One year after the publication of this article, the lead author, Dr. Rachel T. McGrath (Royal North Shore Hospital; Sydney, Australia), contacted the Editor-in-Chief of DTT to ask for a significant number of corrections be made to the published text due to erroneous analyses of the data. After reviewing the pervasive nature of the requested changes, the Editor determined that the corrections do not qualify as errata, but instead warrants a full retraction. While the errors in the reported analyses were unintentional, DTT and its editorial leadership are committed to maintaining the highest level of scientific reporting and publishing, and therefore officially retracts the article.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.4300/JGME-D-17-00910.1.].

The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published in Journal of Safety Research, 68 (2019) 203-214, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2018.12.011. The duplicate article has therefore been withdrawn. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.

Objectives To comprehensively report on the characteristics of retracted publications in the field of dentistry. Methods We searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), PubMed Central, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases for dental retracted articles from database inception to 02 July 2018. In addition, we scanned the search engine Google Scholar, and the website, Retraction Watch ( www.retractionwatch.com ), for retracted dental articles. Two researchers independently screened titles, abstracts and full text of search results. Descriptive data was collected on each retracted article including reason for retraction, study type, journal impact factor, and time between publication and retraction. Regression models were used to evaluate the association between journal impact factor and retraction characteristics. Results A total of 138 retractions of dental articles were included. Reasons for retraction were misconduct (N = 100, 72.5%), with the most frequently reported misconduct being overlap/plagiarism and innacurate/falsified conducting and reporting (N = 53, 38.4%). In vitro (N = 39, 28.3%), case reports (N = 29, 21%) and narrative reviews (N = 19, 13.8%) were study design most frequently identified in retracted articles. The median time between article publication and date of retraction notice was 1 year (interquartile-range [IQR] = 0–2 years). More than half of the retracted articles (n = 82, 59.4%) were cited post-retraction. A retracted article reporting a randomized controlled trial was more likely to appear in journal with higher impact factor than a retracted case report (mean difference [MD] = 2.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.2,3.1. Articles retracted after 2012 were likely to appear in journals with a lower impact factor (MD=−1.3; 95%CI=−1.8, 0.8). Conclusions Research misconduct is the main reason for retraction of dental articles. A substantial proportion of these articles were still being cited after their retraction. Clinical Significance This report of dental retraction articles informs that more transparency is needed with data reporting in dentistry to improve writing practices in dentistry. A more complete report of retractions and their causes would provide more accurate information to inform researchers and editors to avoid or reduce future cases of retractions. More complete and accurate reporting would increase the overall trust in dental research.

At the request of the Journal’s Editor, the Publisher and the authors, the following article has been retracted. Li J, Jones JT, Donnelly C, Cunningham N, Kashikar-Zuck S and Brunner HI. Pain predicts poorer health-related quality of life in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: a cohort study. Journal of International Medical Research. Epub ahead of print 6 December 2017. DOI: 10.1177/0300060517732486. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0300060517732486 The article has been retracted from Journal of International Medical Research because the co-authors of the paper had not consented to the paper’s submission for publication, and because the paper does not present the complete findings of the authors’ research. The corresponding author, Dr Li, submitted the paper with fraudulent contact details for his co-authors and without their consent to submit. Furthermore, the paper made use of an incomplete measurement scale that did not accurately reflect the complete findings of the study, which found other significant variables affected the value of using pain to measure the health-related quality of life of lupus patients. The complete findings of the study are presented in another paper published by the same authors: Donnelly C, Cunningham N, Jones JT, Li J, Brunner HI and Kashikar-Zuck S. Fatigue and depression predict reduced health-related quality of life in childhood-onset lupus. Lupus 2017; 27: 124–133. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0961203317716317

In this data article, 146 villagers (exposed group) were randomly selected from the workers who involved in the e-wastes recycling directly as a daily job in Tianjin. Control group, including 121 villagers, came from another town without e-waste disposal sites. Chromosomal aberrations (CA) and cytokinesis blocking micronucleus (CBMN) were performed to detect the cytogenetic effect for each subject. DNA damage was detected using comet assay; the DNA percentage in the comet tail (TDNA%), tail moment (TM), and Olive tail moment (OTM) were recorded to describe DNA damage to lymphocytes and spermatozoa. Routine semen analysis, spermatozoa motility and morphology were analyzed. The RT 2 Profiler PCR array was used to measure levels of expression of 84 genes related to quality of DNA. It showed significant relationships between CA, CBMN, DNA damage and exposure time in exposure subjects. The alteration of sperm motility rate, abnormality rate and total sperm counts had association with exposure time and age.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.5001/omj.2017.32.].

This paper must be considered as retracted due to a plagiarism misconduct.See the Retraction note at: https://doi.org/10.4081/reumatismo.2018.1171

The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published in Dermatitis, 27 (2016) 236-237, doi: 10.1097/DER.0000000000000195. The duplicate article has therefore been withdrawn. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.

The above article, published online on 29 July 2016 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the Journal Editor in Chief, Journal Production Manager, and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The retraction has been agreed due to 48% similar significant between this article and an article published in Nature Reviews Cancer journal.

Aim This is a personal reflection on the need for visible academic leadership of the Discipline of Nursing. Background Health care is under tremendous pressure to reform. Therefore, does nursing have a strong enough discipline base to provide solutions to the reform agenda, or is it simply seen as a service agency. Evaluation The author draws upon a number of health policy references, and nurse leader position statements, to form an argument for leadership. Key issues Nursing has always been described as invisible within health service development and activity. Therefore, if academic leadership is not articulated this will remain the case and nurses will continue to be seen as task-orientated skilled workers. Conclusions Nurse Managers need to have a clear model of nursing and its discipline firmly embedded in their thinking before they can lead anything. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSE MANAGEMENT: The implications are that Nurse Managers need to have a thorough grounding in the discipline of nursing, possess a clear vision of what nursing is, and should be, and possess the skills to bring this about. This paper provides some perspectives for Nurse Managers to consider with regard to their development.

[This retracts the article on p. 87 in vol. 53, PMID: 29662870.].

Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval of this research could not be verified during an investigation by the Landesarztekammer Rheinland-Pfalz (the State Medical Association of Rheinland-Pfalz in Germany). As a result, this article has been retracted, in accordance with the Journal’s regulations, at the request of the Directors and Board of the British Journal of Anaesthesia. Lack of IRB approval means that the research was unethical, and that IRB approval for the research was misrepresented in the published article. It does not mean that the research results per se are fraudulent. For further information please see Retraction .

Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval of this research could not be verified during an investigation by the Landesarztekammer Rheinland-Pfalz (the State Medical Association of Rheinland-Pfalz in Germany). As a result, this article has been retracted, in accordance with the Journal's regulations, at the request of the Directors and Board of the British Journal of Anaesthesia . Lack of IRB approval means that the research was unethical, and that IRB approval for the research was misrepresented in the published article. It does not mean that the research results per se are fraudulent. For further information please see Retraction.

The following article from International Endodontic Journal, 'Postoperative pain after irrigation with Vibringe versus a conventional needle: a randomized controlled trial' by D. Bilgili, S. Yilmaz, A. Dumani & O. Yoldas, published online on 29 February 2016 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the Journal Editor in Chief, Prof. Paul Dummer, and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The retraction has been agreed because the corresponding author did not contact the first author who carried out the work before alterations to the article were made prior to submission. This damages the integrity of the work and there are additional concerns over the number of patients and the accuracy of the results and conclusions.

The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published in , http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2015.08.002, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2015.08.003, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2015.08.004. The duplicate article has therefore been withdrawn.The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy

This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Please see http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy. Reason: Subsequent to its publication, the authors indicated that the study was not prospectively randomized as stated in the Methods section. Upon independent review as an observational study, it was concluded that the findings were underpowered to allow the conclusions drawn with adequate certainty.

This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief and Author. Reason: This paper has been retracted from the journal because it is believed that large portions of text have been copied directly from another article Prevention of Secondary Brain Injury written by F.H. Wong, published in Critical Care Nurse 20 (2000) 18–27. A full investigation into the issue has been undertaken by the editor, in communication with the editor of Critical Care Nurse and the authors of the above article. The editor of Accident and Emergency Nursing apologizes to Mr Wong, and to Critical Care Nurse for this regrettable occurrence.