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Purpose: Asian children and youth with disabilities often experience multiple barriers and discrimination in education, healthcare, and social settings, which influence their well-being, especially the transition to adulthood. This review aims to explore the types, factors affecting and impact of ableism on Asian children and youth with disabilities and their caregivers. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and a narrative synthesis whereby we searched the literature from six international databases, including Healthstar, Ovid Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Scopus, and Web of Science. Results: Twenty-nine studies were included in the review, and three themes were identified that related to ableism: (1) types and rates of ableism (i.e., stigma, bullying and victimization, and discrimination and inequalities); (2) factors affecting ableism (i.e. sociodemographic factors, familial factors, and societal factors); and (3) impacts of ableism (i.e. mental health, family impacts, and societal impacts). Conclusions: Our review highlights that ableism has various types and can be influenced by multiple factors, influencing social and health outcomes of Asian families with children and youth with disabilities. This review also emphasizes the importance of increasing the public's awareness regarding disabilities to reduce ableism among Asian families with children with disabilities. Implications for Rehabilitation: Asian children and youth with disabilities often experience bullying and victimization, therefore it is necessary to develop educational materials to raise awareness of disabilities. Healthcare providers should consider developing more educational programs for caregivers to reduce self-stigma and affiliate stigma and promote mental health. Healthcare service providers should consider creating and implementing more inclusive programs to reduce health disparities and the influence of socio-demographic factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Asian children and youth with disabilities often experience multiple barriers, stigmas and discrimination within and outside their families; yet less is understood about their lived experiences. This systematic review explored the experiences of ableism among Asian children and youth with disabilities and their families. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of qualitative studies and a qualitative meta-synthesis. We searched six databases including Ovid Medline, Embase, PsychInfo, Healthstar, Web of Science, and Scopus. Results: Forty-two articles met our inclusion criteria involving 17 countries and regions over a 22-year period. The findings were synthesized into four themes: (1) individual- and family-level ableism (i.e., stigma, fears, concerns, stress and anxieties, physical abuse, bullying, reduced engagement in community activities); (2) institutional-level ableism (i.e., barriers to accessing and navigating supports, ableist attitudes among service providers, unavailable services); (3) societal-level ableism (i.e., cultural and religious stigma, social rejection, discrimination, environmental and policy barriers); and (4) coping strategies (i.e., self-care activities, supports from family, friends and people with similar conditions, religious beliefs). Conclusions: Our results highlight the ableist experiences that Asian children and youth with disabilities and their caregivers often encounter and the strong need for further supports to address ableism using culturally responsive strategies. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: Asian children and youth with disabilities encounter multiple forms of ableism at the individual, family and institutional levels. It is important for healthcare providers to customize resources that are culturally appropriate and aligned with the cultural and language backgrounds of the clients they serve. Clinicians and service providers should engage in culturally sensitive training and education to understand the barriers faced by the clients they serve. Clinicians and service providers should continue to advocate for marginalized and equity-deserving groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible housing is a fundamental human right and yet many children and youth with disabilities live in inaccessible, insecure, unaffordable and poor quality housing. The aim of our study was to understand the barriers and facilitators to obtaining accessible housing among children, youth and young adults with disabilities and their families. We conducted a scoping review involving seven international literature databases from 2000 to 2022 that identified 38 studies meeting our inclusion criteria. The reviewed studies involved 10 countries over a 22-year period. Our review emphasized the following key trends: (1) barriers to obtaining accessible homes (i.e. common types of accessibility barriers, rates of inaccessible housing, factors affecting home accessibility), and negative impacts of inaccessible housing; and (2) rates and facilitators to obtaining accessible housing (i.e., common types of home modifications, enablers of home modifications) and positive impacts of accessible housing. Our findings highlight the barriers and enablers of obtaining accessible housing among children, youth and young adults with disabilities and their families and the critical need to support them in securing appropriate housing. Evidence suggests that clinicians and community service providers should support youth with disabilities and their parents to make home modifications and secure accessible housing. Clinicians should consider advocating for accessible housing and help to remove barriers for children with disabilities and their families with particular attention to marginalized and equity-deserving groups. Clinicians and service providers should involve families in the process of making accessible home modifications and help them to connect with relevant housing stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: People with disabilities experience a disproportionate impact of extreme weather events and there is a critical need to better understand the impact that climate change has for them. Most previous reviews focus on the risk of acquiring a new disability or injury after a climate-related event and not the impact on people with pre-existing disabilities or chronic conditions, which is the purpose of this study. Methods: We conducted a scoping review while searching seven international databases that identified 45 studies meeting our inclusion criteria. Results: The studies included in our review involved 2 337 199 participants with pre-existing disabilities and chronic conditions across 13 countries over a 20-year period. The findings demonstrated the following trends: (1) the impact on physical and mental health; (2) the impact on education and work; (3) barriers to accessing health and community services (i.e., lack of access to services, lack of knowledge about people with disabilities, communication challenges, lack of adequate housing); and (4) coping strategies (i.e., social supports and connecting to resources) and resilience. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the critical need for rehabilitation clinicians and other service providers to explore opportunities to support their clients in preparing for climate-related emergencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People with disabilities experience concerning rates of ableism and are significantly under-represented within healthcare education and professions. Focusing on healthcare professions is important for enhancing the diversity and inclusion of equity-deserving groups within the workforce. The objective of this review was to explore the experiences and impact of workplace discrimination and ableism among healthcare providers and trainees with disabilities. Systematic searches of seven databases from 2000 to January 2022 were conducted. Five reviewers independently applied the inclusion criteria, extracted the data and rated the study quality. 48 studies met our inclusion criteria, representing 13,815 participants across six countries over a 21-year period. The findings highlighted rates and types of workplace ableism, which occurred at the institutional (i.e., inaccessible environments, physical barriers and unsupportive work environments) and individual level (i.e., negative attitudes, bullying, harassment). The impact of ableism on healthcare providers included difficulty disclosing due to fear of stigma, and effects on well-being and career development. Our findings revealed a critical need for more research on the experiences of ableism amongst healthcare providers and the impact it has on their well-being. Further efforts should explore mechanisms for including and welcoming people with disabilities in healthcare professions. Workplace ableism is prevalent in health care professions and could be discouraging people with disabilities from entering or completing health care education and training, leading to an under-representation of this equity-deserving group within health care. More efforts are needed to recruit, retain and support people with disabilities in the health care workforce. Health care providers who have a disability often experience workplace discrimination and inaccessible physical environments which can impact their health and well-being. Managers, senior leadership and health care organizations should advocate for improved social inclusion of employees with disabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children whose mothers display more positivity during interactions tend to have better mental health. Some studies investigating associations between fathers' positivity and children's mental health have found small-to-moderate negative associations, while others show weak or no effects. The current study presents a series of meta-analyses (N = 59 studies) examining the association between paternal positivity and children's emotional and behavioral functioning, both concurrently and longitudinally. The pooled effect sizes for concurrent internalizing problems (N = 30; r = −0.10), longitudinal internalizing problems (N = 8; r = −0.07), concurrent externalizing problems (N = 40; r = −0.15), and longitudinal externalizing problems (N = 19; r = −0.11) were all significant and small in magnitude. Moderator analyses revealed that the associations between fathers' positivity and children's concurrent internalizing problems and longitudinal externalizing problems were stronger among low and diverse socioeconomic samples compared to middle/upper income samples. Furthermore, associations with children's externalizing problems were stronger in studies in which a single reporter assessed the outcome compared to multiple reporters, when questionnaires were used to measure parenting compared to interview or observation, and—for longitudinal associations only—in samples that had a larger proportion of females or older children. Results suggest that programs and policies that support fathers to have more positive interactions with their children could benefit children's mental health. Highlights: Series of meta-analyses examining the association between paternal positivity and children's emotional and behavioral functioning. Significant and small effects were found across all analyses. Effect sizes were moderated by sample and measurement characteristics. Implications for programs and policies are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]