1. Sleep-Related Hypermotor Epilepsy: Etiology, Electro-Clinical Features, and Therapeutic Strategies
- Author
-
Yangmei Chen, Xiao-Qiu Shao, Xing Wang, Yiyi Chen, Wenhan Hu, Kai Zhang, Huijuan Wan, and Bin Jiang
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Mechanism (biology) ,medicine.medical_treatment ,semiology ,Review ,Scalp electroencephalogram ,electroencephalogram ,Semiology ,medicine.disease ,Epileptogenic zone ,hypermotor ,Targeted therapy ,SOZ ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Epilepsy ,Quality of life ,seizure onset zone ,Etiology ,Medicine ,business ,Intensive care medicine ,epileptogenic zone ,Applied Psychology - Abstract
Sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (SHE) is a group of clinical syndromes with heterogeneous etiologies. SHE is difficult to diagnose and treat in the early stages due to its diverse clinical manifestations and difficulties in differentiating from non-epileptic events, which seriously affect patients’ quality of life and social behavior. The overall prognosis for SHE is unsatisfactory, but different etiologies affect patients’ prognoses. Surgical treatment is an effective method for carefully selected patients with refractory SHE; nevertheless, preoperative assessment remains challenging because of the low sensitivity of noninvasive scalp electroencephalogram and imaging to detect abnormalities. However, through a careful analysis of semiology, the clinician can deduce the potential epileptogenic zone. This paper summarizes the research status of the background, etiology, electro-clinical features, diagnostic criteria, prognosis, and treatment of SHE to provide a more in-depth understanding of its pathophysiological mechanism, improve the accuracy in the diagnosis of this group of syndromes, and further explore more targeted therapy plans.
- Published
- 2021