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Background: There are many factors that might contribute to the delay of surgery in patients with breast cancer. Previous studies investigate the influence of delay of surgery, but they reported inconsistent results. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of time of surgery on prognosis of breast cancer. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of the patients with breast cancer, who received surgery between 1992 and 2009, by using data from Korea Breast Cancer Society Registry. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression model were used to evaluate the impact of time to surgery in breast cancer and subgroup analyses were performed for each disease stage and molecular subtype. Result: A total 14727 patients were included for analysis. Delay of surgery more than 31 days was associated with worse survival for breast cancer [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.16; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.936-2.408, p Conclusion: Surgical delay of more than 31 days were independent risk factors for worse outcome of breast cancer in each molecular subtype and breast cancer group except stage 0 and I. Although preoperative evaluation is required, surgical delay should be shortened to enhance survival of breast cancer, especially in patients with tumor size more than 2cm or presence of lymph node metastasis. Citation Format: Kim J-M, Choi HJ, Kim I, Ryu JM, Yu J, Lee JE, Kim SW, Nam SJ, Lee SK. The impact of time interval between diagnosis and surgery in each type and stage of breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-08-29.

Background Cervical cytology for uterine cervical cancer screening has transitioned from conventional smear (CS) to liquid-based cytology (LBC), which has many advantages. The aim of this study was to compare the proportion of unsatisfactory specimens from CS versus LBC at multiple institutions including general hospitals and commercial laboratories. Methods Each participating institution provided a minimum of 500 Papanicolaou (Pap) test results for analysis. Pap tests were classified according to the participating institution (commercial laboratory or general hospital) and the processing method (CS, ThinPrep, SurePath, or CellPrep). The causes of unsatisfactory results were classified as technical problems, scant cellularity, or complete obscuring factors. Results A total of 38,956 Pap test results from eight general hospitals and three commercial laboratories were analyzed. The mean unsatisfactory rate of LBC was significantly lower than that of CS (1.26% and 3.31%, p = .018). In the LBC method, samples from general hospitals had lower unsatisfactory rates than those from commercial laboratories (0.65% vs 2.89%, p = .006). The reasons for unsatisfactory results were heterogeneous in CS. On the other hand, 66.2% of unsatisfactory results in LBC were due to the scant cellularity. Conclusions Unsatisfactory rate of cervical cancer screening test results varies according to the institution and the processing method. LBC has a significantly lower unsatisfactory rate than CS.

// Yoonjung Kim 1 , Mee-Yon Cho 2 , Juwon Kim 3 , Sung Nam Kim 4 , Seoung Chul Oh 5 and Kyung-A Lee 1 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 2 Department of Pathology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea 3 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea 4 Department of Pathology, Samkwang Medical Labotories, Seoul, Korea 5 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea Correspondence to: Kyung-A Lee, email: kal1119@yuhs.ac Juwon Kim, email: Juwon76@yonsei.ac.kr Keywords: gastric cancer, molecular subtyping, germline mutation, somatic mutaiton, targeted sequencing Received: October 26, 2016 Accepted: June 20, 2017 Published: July 22, 2017 ABSTRACT Recently, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network and Asian Cancer Research Group provided a new classification of gastric cancer (GC) to aid the development of biomarkers for targeted therapy and predict prognosis. We studied associations between genetically aberrant profiles of cancer-related genes, environmental factors, and histopathological features in 107 paired gastric tumor-non-tumor tissue GC samples. 6.5% of our GC cases were classified as the EBV subtype, 17.8% as the MSI subtype, 43.0% as the CIN subtype, and 32.7% as the GS subtype. The distribution of four GC subgroups based on the TCGA and our dataset were similar. The MSI subtype showed a hyper-mutated status and the best prognosis among molecular subtype. However, molecular classification based on the four GC subtypes showed no significant survival differences in terms of overall survival ( p = 0.548) or relapse-free survival (RFS, p =0.518). The P619fs * 43 in ZBTB20 was limited to MSI group (n= 5/19, 26.3%), showing similar trends observed in TCGA dataset. Genetic alterations of the RTK/RAS/MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways were detected in 34.6% of GC cases (37 individual cases). We also found two cases with likely pathogenic variants (NM_004360.4: c. 2494 G>A, p.V832M ) in the CDH1 gene. Here, we classified molecular subtypes of GC according to the TCGA system and provide a critical starting point for the design of more appropriate clinical trials based on a comprehensive analysis of genetic alterations in Korean GC patients.

Background Vaccination is very important for the control and prevention of influenza, yet no vaccine is perfectly safe. Little is known, however, about influenza vaccination-associated serious adverse events following immunization (AEFI). This study aimed to identify background information on influenza vaccination-related serious AEFI in Korea. Methods Retrospective review of data from Korea National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program from 2003 to 2010. Results Distribution of approximately 75 million doses of influenza vaccine by end of 2010 gave rise to 42 potentially serious AEFI. In all, nine Guillain-Barre syndrome, eighteen other neurologic events, eight local events, and seven miscellaneous events were included. 62% of these events were identified to have unlike causal association with the vaccine. The reporting rate of serious AEFI ranged from 0.006 to 0.07 cases per 100,000 distributed doses of the vaccine. Conclusion GBS was the most common influenza vaccination-related serious AEFI. Enhancing post-vaccination GBS surveillance may increase public confidence in future routine and pandemic influenza vaccination.

Objective : This study is performed for the purpose of examining into the efficacy of the Bee Venom Acupuncture Treatment for Osteoarthritis of Knee Joint. Methods : We investigated 25 cases of patients with Osteoarthritis of Knee Joint from 1st June 2005 to 13th July 2005. The 25 patients were taken Bee Venom Acupuncture over three times irregularly. Treatment efficiency was monitored through VAS (Visual Analog Scale) and improvement degree of the grade of clinical symptoms. Conclusions : We brought to the conclusion that the Bee Venom Acupuncture has possibility to be efficient to cure the Osteoarthritis of Knee Joint patients. So we suggest the possibility to use this new remedy for the Osteoarthritis of Knee Joint.

OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE: Castleman's disease (giant lymph node hyperplasia) is a rare, heterogeneous, lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown cause and pathogenesis. Most cases occur as mediastinal masses, although extrathoracic involvement, including nodal and extranodal locations, has been reported. The localized variants (solitary lesions) respond well to surgical excision. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: We report the case of a 34-year-old man with headache, intermittent febrile sense, progressive weakness of the legs, and urinary incontinence. Magnetic resonance imaging disclosed an enhancing dorsal extradural mass with impingement on the spinal cord at the T2-T3 level. Other abnormal laboratory findings were increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate and mild leukocytosis. TECHNIQUE: The mass lesion was removed; the histopathological findings included diffuse lymphoid cell infiltration and vascular proliferation, which are compatible with Castleman's disease. CONCLUSION: Although the dorsal epidural site of this case is very unusual, Castleman's disease was considered the most appropriate diagnosis on the basis of the associated systemic findings. This patient with dorsal epidural Castleman's disease may be the first reported case in the literature.

Neonatal choriocarcinoma associated with a seemingly normal gestation is rare. A total of 20 cases of either primary or metastatic choriocarcinoma in infancy have been reported until 1992. We report an additional case of a huge choriocarcinoma of the liver in a 2-month-old boy, who died of tumor hemorrhage. This baby was born to a 19-year-old unmarried mother. The placenta was thought to be normal and was not examined histologically. The liver mass was first noted 2 weeks after birth, and he was admitted because of poor feeding and pallor. Before any therapy was instituted, he died of massive tumor bleeding. Autopsy revealed a huge hemorrhagic tumor mass with massive necrosis in the left lobe of the liver. Several nodular metastases were found only in the lung. The remainder was unremarkable except for bilateral cleft lip and palate. It is presumed that the choriocarcinoma in the liver could be either a primary tumor in the absence of any primary focus in the mother or the infant or a metastatic lesion from an occult choriocarcinoma of the placenta.

In Korea, the quality control(QC) program forcytopathology was introduced in 1995. The program consists of a checklist for the cytolopathology departments, analysis data on all the participating institutions' QC data, including the annual data on cytologic examinations, the distribution of the gynecological cytologic diagnoses, as based on The Bethesda System 2001, and the data on cytologic-histolgical correlation of the gynecological field, and an evaluation for diagnostic accuracy. The diagnostic accuracy program has been performed 3 times per year with using gynecological, body fluid and fine needle aspiration cytologic slides. We report here on the institutional QC data and the evaluation for diagnostic accuracy since 2004, and also on the new strategy for quality control and assurance in the cytologic field. The diagnostic accuracy results of both the participating institutions and the QC committee were as follows; Category 0 and A: about 94%, Category B: 4-5%, Category C: less than 2%. As a whole, the cytologic daignostic accuracy is relatively satisfactory. In 2008, on site evaluation for pathology and cytology laboratories, as based on the "Quality Assurance Program for Pathology Services" is now going on, and a new method using virtual slides or image files for determining the diagnostic accuracy will be performed in November 2008.

Pheochromocytoma is a rare endocrine tumor arising from the chromaffin tissue, and it is able to produce and secrete catecholamines. Lymph nodes, liver, lung and bone are the most frequent sites of metastasis. We report here on a case of pheochromocytoma arising from the dura in a patient who was surgically treated for bilateral pheochromocytoma five years previously.