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Due to the rarity of the association of esophageal and duodenal atresia, no consensus exists regarding the optimal treatment strategy. However, a staged approach is advised in order to reduce morbidities and improve survival. We report a case of a very preterm infant with combined esophageal and duodenal atresia, treated successfully with a staged approach. Treatment consisted in percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy placement prior to tracheoesophageal fistula ligation and esophageal anastomosis, and in delayed duodenal atresia repair. The use of the radiologic approach for gastrostomy placement proved to be minimally invasive, effective and without complications, even in a very preterm baby.

Respiratory distress is a common presenting feature among newborns. Thorough clinical assessment and prompt investigation are required to ensure correct treatment and improve outcomes. Pneumothorax (PTX) is the most common of the air-leak disorders in neonates and is more frequently observed in low birth weight infants. Although it is one of the few treatable causes of respiratory distress in neonatal age, it is life-threatening and is associated with an increased risk of mortality and morbidity. Incidence increases in patients with concurrent lung disease or requiring mechanical ventilation. Furthermore, neonatal PTX can develop due to high transpulmonary pressure, generated at the onset of respiration. Chylothorax is rarer, but it represents the most frequent cause of pleural effusion in the neonatal period. Clinical features depend on the amount of chyle collected in the pleural space, ranging from asymptomatic to life-threatening conditions, requiring urgent treatment. Prognosis is much better when chylothorax is diagnosed after birth than when discovered in utero, because during fetal life pleural effusion can act as a space-occupying mass resulting in pulmonary hypoplasia.

We report a case of an ectopic/hypoplastic kidney removed by radio-guided surgery. A 7-year-old girl, with a history of vaginal drainage of urine, underwent renal scintigraphy with Tc-DMSA. SPECT/CT revealed a focal uptake in the pelvis, corresponding to hypoplastic kidney as confirmed by MRI. Based on SPECT/CT findings, the patient underwent laparoscopic surgery, using Tc-DMSA scan to help the surgeon to detect the small ectopic kidney. Intraoperatory histological report confirmed the renal origin of the specimen.

A case of intra-abdominal pulmonary sequestration associated with histological features of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) of the lung is reported. The lesion consisted of a Stocker type II CCAM in which numerous striated muscle cells were present. A review of the literature of this rare combination of congenital pulmonary anomalies is presented.

Sideropenic anemia (SA) is linked to a scant supply of iron in the diet, insufficient iron absorption, or blood loss.Our report describes a case of SA in a child affected by a solitary gastric polyp. This lesion is very rare in childhood, and few cases have been reported in the literature.