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Introduction The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy and efficiency of the 3-dimensional dynamic navigation system (DNS) compared with the freehand technique (FH) when removing fiber posts from root canal–treated teeth. Methods Twenty-six maxillary teeth were included. Teeth were root canal treated and restored with Parapost Taper Lux (Coltene/Whaledent, Altstatten, Switzerland) luted with RelyX Unicem (3M ESPE, St Paul, MN). A core buildup was then performed using Paracore (Coltene/Whaledent). Teeth were mounted in tissue-denuded cadaver maxillae. Teeth were divided into 2 groups: the DNS group (n = 13) and the FH group (n = 13). Cone-beam computed tomographic scans were taken pre- and postoperatively. The drilling path and depth were planned virtually using X-guide software (X-Nav Technologies, Lansdale, PA) in both groups. For the DNS group, drilling was guided with X-Nav software and the FH group under a dental operating microscope. Global coronal and apical deviations, angular deflection, operation time, and the number of mishaps were compared between the groups to determine the accuracy and efficiency. The 3-dimensional volume (mm3) of all teeth was calculated before and after post removal using the Mimics Innovation Suite (Materialise NV, Leuven, Belgium). The Shapiro-Wilk, 1-way analysis of variance, and Fisher exact tests were used (P Results The DNS group showed significantly less global coronal and apical deviations and angular deflection than the FH group (P Conclusions The DNS was more accurate and efficient in removing fiber posts from root canal–treated teeth than the FH technique.

Purpose To compare the clinical outcomes in femtosecond laser–assisted deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (F-DALK) to manual non-laser deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (M-DALK) for keratoconus in a multi-surgeon public healthcare setting. Design Single-center, comparative, retrospective interventional case series. Methods P opulation : Consecutive cases of keratoconus treated with big-bubble F-DALK from August 1, 2015, to September 1, 2018 and big-bubble M-DALK from September 1, 2012, to September 30, 2016. S etting : Moorfields Eye Hospital, London. O bservations : Data on preoperative status, operative details, intraoperative and postoperative complications, secondary interventions, and visual outcomes were archived on a customized spreadsheet for analysis. M ain O utcome M easures : Rate of intraoperative perforation and conversion to penetrating keratoplasty (PK) and the percentage of patients, post removal of sutures (ROS), with corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) ≥20/40. Results We analyzed 58 eyes of 55 patients who underwent F-DALK and 326 eyes of 309 patients who underwent M-DALK. Intraoperative perforation of Descemet membrane occurred in 15 of 58 (25.9%) F-DALK cases compared to 148 of 326 (45.4%) M-DALK cases (P = .006). Intraoperative conversion to PK was carried out in 2 of 58 (3.4%) F-DALK cases compared to 80 of 326 (24.5%) M-DALK cases (P = .001). Post ROS, 86.5% of F-DALK eyes had a CDVA of ≥20/40 (15 ± 7.3 months after surgery) compared to 83.7% of M-DALK eyes (24.9 ± 10.6 months) (P = .825). Conclusion Laser automation of some steps in DALK for keratoconus may reduce the rate of intraoperative Descemet perforation and the conversion to PK in a multi-surgeon setting.

Although several techniques have been proposed to remove fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) post, no safe and efficient technique has been established. Recently, a guided endodontics technique has been introduced in cases of pulp canal obliteration. This study describes 2 cases of FRC post removal from maxillary anterior teeth using this guided endodontics technique with a dental operating microscope. Optically scanned data set from plaster cast model was superimposed with the data set of cone-beam computed tomography. By implant planning software, the path of a guide drill was selected. Based on them, a customized stent was fabricated and utilized to remove the FRC post. Employing guided endodontics, the FRC post was removed quickly and safely with minimizing the loss of the remaining tooth structure. The guided endodontics was a useful option for FRC post removal.

Post-free hip arthroscopy has garnered much attention over the past several years. The attraction of eliminating groin complications is at the forefront of this technique. Recent studies have shown improved blood flow, safe techniques, but other benefits, if any, are yet to be discovered. For now, those adopting post-free distraction do so to eliminate a source of groin complication, improved access to the cam, and a perceived decrease in pain. Several options exist to achieve post-free distraction, and, as we continue to perfect this technique, continued studies may reveal other advantages or disadvantages to post removal.

Prosthetic dentistry involves functional and esthetic restoration. Some situations require the use of fiber-reinforced composite resin posts that help preserve restorations. However, if the initial treatment fails, a new endodontic intervention may be required for fiber-reinforced composite resin post removal. This procedure can be complex and challenging but can be facilitated with guided endodontics. This clinical report describes the use of a prototyped guide created with virtual planning for fiber-reinforced composite resin post removal. The guide improved patient safety, shortened the treatment time, and eliminated the need for a new restoration.

Purpose To compare two fiber post removal techniques in terms of fracture resistance and time required for post removal. Materials and Methods Post space was prepared to a 9-mm depth in each root canal. The roots were randomly divided into three groups of 15 specimens each. D.T. Light-Posts were cemented in all groups. In group 1, fiber posts were removed using the D.T. Light-Post-removal kit; in group 2, Start-X stainless-steel ultrasonic tips were used. In group 3, fiber posts were left without removal (the control group). For all groups, fracture resistance (N) value was measured and recorded using a universal testing machine. Times required for fiber post removal were also recorded for the two study groups. Results There was no significant difference between the control and removal kit groups for fracture resistance values (p = 0.233). The fracture resistance value of the ultrasonic group was found to be significantly lower than that of the control group (p = 0.001) as well as that of the removal kit group (p = 0.032). The fiber post removal time for the ultrasonic group was significantly longer than that for the removal kit group (p < 0.001). Conclusion Compared to the removal kit, removal of the fiber posts with an ultrasonic tip decreases the fracture resistance of the roots, although significantly more time is required.

The retreatment in endodontics, when correctly incorporated, permits the conservation of dental components. The removal of different substances from root canal such as gutta-percha, fractured endodontic instruments, and silver points is the remedy to a successful retreatment of teeth with failed primary endodontic treatment. It is often required to take out metal posts placed in the root canals in teeth showing great loss of the clinical crown. Their removal is of specific importance for evaluating endodontic space, cleaning, and disinfection of root canal. The intention of this case report is to introduce techniques and armamentarium for removing metal posts placed in the root canal of right maxillary second premolar with mutilated clinical crown requiring retreatment. This manner of intracanal metal post removal and retreatment is well recommended and successful since the teeth remained with good signs of prognosis after the treatment.

Perthes disease can lead to severe sequelae, especially with late-onset disease, severe collapse of the lateral pillar (Herring type C), and extrusion of the femoral head. A severely deformed, collapsed, and subluxated femoral head may lead to pain, stiffness, and limited function of the patient. At that advanced stage of the disease, only a few salvage procedures are possible, including hip fusion and hip arthroplasty. Articulated hip distraction is an alternative to both these procedures and may delay the need for either hip fusion or joint arthroplasty. This is the case of a 10-year-old boy who presented with Herring type C Perthes of his left hip. He had increasing hip pain, stiffness, and inability to perform most of his daily activities. He successfully underwent articulated hip distraction with a monolateral fixator. The fixator was kept for 4 months, during which time the patient was partially weight bearing. Intensive supervised physiotherapy maintained a satisfactory range of hip flexion of 90°. The pain was relieved. Following removal of the fixator, he continued the intense physiotherapy and maintained a brace at night for another 3 months. Two years post removal of the fixator, he remained pain-free and maintained a satisfactory range of motion of his hip with abduction of 20° and flexion of 130°. He continued his normal daily activities.

Laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB) has weight loss and associated obesity-related disease benefits. Well-recognised LABG complications lead to a higher re-operation rate when compared to other obesity surgeries and therefore potential for retained foreign body. By way of a case series, we have evaluated retained foreign body after the intended complete removal of a gastric band. Analysis focused on circumstances and similarities leading to retained foreign body. From the series, the most commonly retained band component is band tubing. Difficult surgery or surgery associated with intra-operative complications may lead to increased chances of retained gastric band. Strategies to prevent this complication should be implemented. Specifically, removal technique, equipment familiarisation and post removal inspection all play a role.

Purpose The surgical treatment of paediatric fractures is increasing. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with plates and screws is long established, whilst the use of elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) has become increasingly popular. This study quantifies, in terms of the energy required to produce a fracture, the biomechanical sequelae of both techniques post removal of metalwork, to provide clinicians with evidence to guide post-operative advice. Methods An immature bovine model was adopted to ascertain whether these techniques exposed the bone to a greater re-fracture risk following removal of the device. Bones were prepared to reflect ORIF or ESIN techniques, or prepared intact for the acquisition of control data. Each bone was tested to failure at 90 °/s, with the absorbed energy then being calculated to determine the relative difference between each technique and versus control data. Data describing peak shear stress and torque were recorded. Results Absorbed energy was reduced by 47 % in the ORIF group compared to both the control ( p = 0.011) and ESIN ( p = 0.018) groups. The peak shear stress and torque were also significantly different. All ORIF bones failed through drill holes, suggesting stress localisation around the defects. Conclusion This study suggests that there is a significantly higher re-fracture risk following the removal of ORIF plates when compared to both ESIN and the control environment. Whilst this may reflect the intuitive view of many clinicians, this study provides a quantitative value of the reduction in strength and should help clinicians to appropriately caution patients and parents prior to surgery.

AIM AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of present study was to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of fiber post removal using 3 techniques i.e., with Parapost fiber removal drill kit, D.T.Light removal kit and combination of diamond bur/Peeso reamer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fiber post (DT Light post no.1(Bisco Dental) and Parapost Fiber Lux no.5 (Coltene/Whaledent) were cemented into 60 single-rooted teeth after endodontic therapy and post space preparation. Three methods of fiber post removal were evaluated- DT Light Post removal kit, the Kodex twist/Parapost removal drill kit and a combination of diamond bur/Peeso reamer. RESULTS: There was no difference between the three post removal systems i.e., DT Removal drill kit, Kodex Twist drill/ Parapost removal drill kit and diamond bur/Peeso reamer in terms of efficiency of removal of fiber posts and no difference in effectiveness between DT Removal drill kit, Kodex Twist drill/Parapost removal drill kit. Diamond bur/Peeso reamer removal system effectively removed the fiber post. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of the present study, it can be concluded that Fiber post removal speed was best obtained with removal kits and fiber post removal effectiveness was best achieved with Diamond bur/Peeso reamer combination instrumentation.

Background Tick anaphylaxis is a potentially fatal outcome of improper tick removal and management. Objective To investigate whether killing ticks in-situ with ether-containing sprays or permethrin cream, before careful removal by the mouthparts could reduce this risk. Methods This was a prospective study at Mona Vale Hospital Emergency Department (ED) in Sydney, New South Wales, over a 6-month period during the peak tick season of 2016. Tick removal methods, allergic/anaphylactic reactions were recorded for patients presenting with ticks in situ or having already removed the ticks themselves. Primary endpoint was allergic/anaphylactic reaction after tick killing/removal. Results One hundred twenty-one patients met study inclusion criteria. Sixty-one patients (28 known tick-hypersensitive) had ticks killed with Wart-Off Freeze or Lyclear Scabies Cream (5% w/w permethrin) before removal with fine-tipped forceps or Tick Twister. Three patients (2 known tick-hypersensitive) had allergic reactions (5%), none anaphylactic. The 2 known hypersensitive patients suffered reactions during the killing process and the third patient had a particularly embedded tick meaning it could not be removed solely by mouthparts. Fifty patients presented to the ED posttick removal by various methods, none using either fine-tipped forceps or Tick Twister, of which 43 (86%) experienced allergic reactions – 2 anaphylactic. Five patients suffered allergic reactions before presentation despite no attempt at kill or removal, but ticks had likely been disturbed by some other method. Five patients had live ticks removed in ED – 3 refused killing and had no reaction despite 1 having known hypersensitivity; 2 had ticks on eyelids contraindicating killing, 1 with known hypersensitivity but both had allergic reactions post removal. Conclusion Results support killing ticks in-situ before careful removal by mouthparts to reduce allergic/anaphylactic reactions although further research is still required.

Posts have been used for many years to retain restorations or cores for extra-coronal restorations in endodontically treated teeth. This article discusses the variety of post systems that are available and the incidence and reasons for failure of teeth that have been restored with posts. The treatment options available for the management of such failures are considered, in addition to the indications for both non-surgical and surgical management of endodontic failures. The attitudes of dentists and the perceived complications of attempting post removal are reviewed, along with the evidence to support the prevalence of complications. Clinical Relevance: Failure of post-retained restorations is a relatively frequent finding due to failure of the restoration itself or the endodontic treatment. It is therefore important to understand and be aware of the various treatment options available, their indications and associated risks.

Surgical drains are commonly used in surgery to reduce post-operative fluid collections. Whilst rare, a retained surgical drain may result in clinical complications and distress to the patient. A retained surgical drain is a potentially avoidable event and surgeons should be aware on how to confirm the presence of a retained surgical drain. We report a rare case of a blood clot masquerading as a retained surgical drain in a patient. The patient is a 55-year-old Malay male who presented with left gluteal necrotizing fasciitis. The patient underwent a further 5 debridements with subsequent closure of the wound. Two drains were inserted on closure. Whilst there was no difficulty in removal of the drain, post removal magnetic resonance imaging revealed a tubular structure in the left gluteal region, thought to be a retained drain segment. Intra-operatively, the drain segment seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was not found and instead, a tubular blood clot of similar caliber and length as measured on the MRI was found residing in the gluteal region. This case highlights the need for confirmation of a retained drain segment before surgical removal. Surgeons should be certain of the presence of a retained surgical drain before advocating for surgical removal. Plain radiography remains a useful modality for visualization of radio-opaque surgical drains.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ultrasonic vibration on the force necessary to remove pre-fabricated and anatomic and cast posts. Two hundred and forty teeth were divided into two groups. In group I, a 0.8-mm metallic pre-fabricated post, Unimetric-Maillefer, was utilized; in group II, cast copper-aluminum alloy posts measuring 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 mm in diameter were used. The root canals were prepared in three different diameters: 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 mm, with a length of 10 mm. The posts were cemented with glass monomer cement resulting in 20 specimens for each subgroup. Half of the sample was submitted to ultrasonic vibration for 3 min, while the other half did not receive any vibration. The specimens were submitted to traction in a universal testing machine. The results were analyzed by non-parametric Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The application of ultrasonic vibration significantly reduced the retention provided by the glass ionomer cement in the fixation of intracanal posts. The ultrasonic action was effective in both pre-fabricated and anatomic and cast posts. The effectiveness of the ultrasonic vibration was not related to the cementation line or the diameter of the post. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o efeito da vibração ultra-sônica na força necessária para a remoção de pinos pré-fabricados e moldados e fundidos. Foram utilizados 120 dentes, divididos em dois grupos. No grupo I foi utilizado o pino pré-fabricado metálico, Unimetric-Maillefer, de 0,8 mm; no grupo II foi utilizado o pino em liga de cobre-alumínio com 0,8, 1,0 e 1,2 mm de diâmetro. Os canais radiculares foram preparados com três diferentes diâmetros: 0,8, 1,0 e 1,2 mm, e com 10 mm em extensão. Os pinos foram fixados com cimento ionômero de vidro, resultando em 20 espécimes para cada subgrupo. Metade da amostra foi submetida à vibração ultra-sônica durante três minutos, enquanto a outra metade não recebeu nenhuma vibração. Os espécimes foram submetidos a uma carga de tração axial em uma máquina de testes universal. Os resultados foram analisados por testes não-paramétricos: U de Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon e Kruskal-Wallis. A aplicação da vibração ultra-sônica reduziu significativamente a retenção promovida pelo cimento ionômero de vidro na fixação dos pinos intra-radiculares. A ação ultra-sônica foi efetiva tanto nos pinos pré-fabricados como nos pinos moldados e fundidos. A efetividade da vibração ultra-sônica não foi relacionada à linha de cimentação ou ao diâmetro do pino.

Many different techniques for the removal of posts have been proposed over the years, including the development of a number of different instruments and systems. This article discusses a number of the more common techniques, systems and their indications. Clinical Relevance: Dentists should be aware of the techniques available for the removal of posts and understand which techniques are appropriate for individual cases.

This study investigated the influence of clinical experience in relation to the efficacy and effectiveness of removal of 2 different fiber posts.In total, 48 intact single-rooted teeth were treated endodontically and obturated. Then, 10-mm post spaces were prepared, and fiber posts were luted. Twenty-four #1 D.T. Light-Posts were used in group 1, and 24 #2 Hi-Rem Prosthetic Posts were used in group 2. A pullout test (n = 8 per group) was performed by using a universal testing machine to compare bond strength. Then, fiber post removal efficacy and efficiency were tested. Each group was divided into 2 subgroups (n = 8) according to operator experience. In group 1, fiber posts were removed with an ultrasonic handpiece by using a #3 Start-X tip. In group 2, a size 25/0.04 ProFile was used to remove the central soft polymer macrofiber, and a #2 Largo drill was used to remove the fiber post and luting cement remnants. Post removal times were recorded to evaluate efficacy. Weight change was determined, and post space walls were analyzed microscopically to evaluate effectiveness.Bond strength did not differ significantly (P = .7569) between post systems. Post hoc Tukey tests indicated that removal time was affected significantly by operator experience in group 1 (P.001) but not in group 2. Weight change was affected significantly by experience level in both groups. No difference in post space wall characteristics was observed between subgroups.The Hi-Rem post was easier to remove than the D.T Light-Post.

Background: Spinal manipulation therapy (SMT) is a popular though controversial practice. The debates surrounding efficacy and risk of SMT are only partially evident in popular discourse. Objective: This study aims to investigate the presence of critiques and debates surrounding efficacy and risk of SMT on the social media platform Twitter. The study examines whether there is presence of debate and whether critical information is being widely disseminated. Methods: An initial corpus of 31,339 tweets was compiled through Twitter’s Search Application Programming Interface using the query terms “chiropractic,” “chiropractor,” and “spinal manipulation therapy.” Tweets were collected for the month of December 2015. Post removal of tweets made by bots and spam, the corpus totaled 20,695 tweets, of which a sample (n=1267) was analyzed for skeptical or critical tweets. Additional criteria were also assessed. Results: There were 34 tweets explicitly containing skepticism or critique of SMT, representing 2.68% of the sample (n=1267). As such, there is a presence of 2.68% of tweets in the total corpus, 95% CI 0-6.58% displaying explicitly skeptical or critical perspectives of SMT. In addition, there are numerous tweets highlighting the health benefits of SMT for health issues such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), immune system, and blood pressure that receive scant critical attention. The presence of tweets in the corpus highlighting the risks of “stroke” and “vertebral artery dissection” is also minute (0.1%). Conclusions: In the abundance of tweets substantiating and promoting chiropractic and SMT as sound health practices and valuable business endeavors, the debates surrounding the efficacy and risks of SMT on Twitter are almost completely absent. Although there are some critical voices of SMT proving to be influential, issues persist regarding how widely this information is being disseminated. [JMIR Public Health Surveill 2016;2(2):e153]

Objectives. Endoscopic management of bile leak after orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) is widely accepted. Preliminary studies demonstrated encouraging results for covered self-expandable metal stents (CSEMS) in complex bile leaks. Methods. Thirty-one patients with post-OLT bile leaks underwent endoscopic temporary placement of CSEMS (3 partially CSEMS , 18 fully CSEMS with fins and 10 fully CSEMS with flare ends) between December 2003 and December 2010. Long-term clinical success and safety were evaluated. Results. Median stent indwelling and follow-up were 89 and 1,353 days for PCSEMS, 102 and 849 for FCSEMS with fins and 98 and 203 for FCSEMS with flare ends. Clinical success was achieved in 100%, 77.8%, and 70%, respectively. Postplacement complications: cholangitis (1) and proximal migration (1), both in the FCSEMS with fins. Postremoval complications were biliary strictures requiring drainage: PCSEMS (1), FCSEMS with fins (6) and with flare ends (1). There was no significant differences in the FCSEMS groups regarding clinical success, age, gender, leak location, previous treatment, stent indwelling, and complications. Conclusion. Temporary placement of CSEMS is effective to treat post-OLT biliary leaks. However, a high number of post removal biliary strictures occurred especially in the FCSEMS with fins. CSEMS cannot be recommended in this patient population.

Aim To determine the temperature rise on the root surface caused by ultrasonic post removal using different devices and techniques in a laboratory setting. Methodology Two ultrasonic devices, one piezoelectrical (Pi) and one magnetostrictive (Ma), were investigated. A serrated titanium post was placed into the distal root canal of a human mandibular first molar. Four coolant parameters were utilized: no air, no water, no evacuation (NN), air only with high-speed evacuation (A), 15 mL min−1 water coolant with high-speed evacuation (W15) and 30 mL min−1 water coolant with high-speed evacuation (W30). Five simulated post removals were measured at two locations, the post (P) and the root (R), for each coolant parameter. Temperature rise was measured at 30, 60, 90 and 120 s intervals using calibrated infrared thermography (n = 80). Temperatures were recorded at 45 ms intervals. Data were analysed using repeated measures anova with the Scheffe post hoc test (P ≤ 0.05). Results The overall mean pooled effect showed that temperature rise for P = 20.1 ± 27.9 °C and R = 10.9 ± 7.9 °C were significantly different. Significant differences in temperature rise were: Pi > Ma, P > R, NN > A = W15 = W30 however, A > W30. Conclusions There were significant differences in temperature rise as a function of ultrasonic device, location on the tooth and cooling method utilized for post removal.

A study was conducted to determine the efficiency and effectiveness of several techniques for fiber post removal. Four groups of 20 mandibular premolars were endodontically treated and obturated. Post spaces were prepared for the following post systems: ParaPost XH, ParaPost Fiber White, Luscent Anchors, and Aestheti-Plus. After cementation, 10 posts of each group were removed with their corresponding manufacturer's removal kit and the other 10 removed with diamond burs and ultrasonics. Removal times were recorded and the teeth were sectioned vertically and microscopically analyzed for removal effectiveness based on a 0 to 5 point scale. Removal kits removed Luscent Anchors the fastest (mean = 3.9 min) and most effectively (mean = 2.6), while Aestheti-Plus posts were removed the slowest (mean = 7.3 min) and least effectively (mean = 3.4). Diamonds and ultrasonics required an average of 10 additional minutes for each fiber post system removal, yet removal effectiveness improved half a point. The results suggest recommended removal kits were significantly more efficient, while diamonds and ultrasonics were more effective. Removal kits could be enhanced with subsequent ultrasonic instrumentation to remove remaining fibers and cement.

Introduction Airborne irritants and allergens in the workplace can induce and trigger occupational asthma (OA). OA due to sensitisation is associated with an accelerated rate of decline in FEV 1 (100 mls/yr) compared with healthy controls (25 mls/yr) 1 , which improves on removal from exposure. We sought to describe the rate of FEV 1 decline in patients with irritant-induced OA before and after their removal from exposure. Methods Cases of irritant-induced OA reported between 1991 and 2011 were identified from the SHIELD database (a voluntary reporting scheme for OA) and their demographic characteristics and serial FEV 1 measurements were gathered. Generalised estimating equations with an exchangeable correlation structure were used to calculate an average rate of FEV 1 decline for all patients before and after removal from exposure. Results A total of 526 FEV 1 readings (179 prior to removal, 347 post removal) were gathered from 52 patients. 30 patients had FEV 1 data both before and after removal; 5 patients had FEV 1 data only before removal, and 17 patients had FEV 1 data only after removal; demographics were not significantly different between the groups. FEV 1 decline prior to removal of the irritant was 44 ml/year (95% CI: 32–58) and FEV 1 decline after removal was 49 ml/year (95% CI: 36–62). There was no significant difference between the intercepts of the two lines, implying no improvement in FEV 1 after removal from exposure. Conclusion In this cohort, irritant-induced OA was associated with an accelerated decline in FEV 1 , which persisted after removal from the irritant. These results might be attributed to differences in the underlying pathology of sensitisation and irritant-induced OA, differences in patient behaviour, or differences in treatments offered to the two groups. Reference Anees W et al . FEV 1 decline in occupational asthma. Thorax 2006;61:751–5

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the technique of corporeal counter incisions for penile prosthesis implantation in cases with marked corporeal fibrosis. Methods: Creating subtunical tunnels that are stretched transversely by the dilamezinsert instrument & Heggars dilators with its tip entering from one side and protruding from the counter incision to avoid urethral or corporeal perforation. Patients: Seventeen patients underwent this technique, mean age 56 y (range 42–71 y); 12 post removal of an infected prosthesis and five post priapism. Results: In all cases, two rods were successfully implanted. In one case, a crural perforation occurred that was repaired intra-operatively. Conclusion: Corporeal counter incisions with transverse tissue stretching is a relatively simple technique to implant semirigid implants in fibrosed corpora.

Purpose To demonstrate that a dedicated clinic to monitor the placement of inferior vena cava (IVC) filters increases the retrieval rate of IVC filters; however, does not provide significant improvement of post filter removal complications including recurrent venous thromboembolic disease requiring repeat caval filtration placement. Materials and Methods The author’s institution developed a dedicated IVC filter clinic in October 2011, which was responsible for following patient’s with IVC filters placed, so that they may be evaluated for eventual IVC filter removal and post-procedural complications. Retrospective analysis was performed to compare rate of filter retrieval and post filter removal complications in a 6 month period after the clinic was formed between March 2012-August 2012, versus a 6 month period prior to having a dedicated clinic from March 2011-August 2011. Patients were separated into pre IVC filter clinic group (with a median age of 59), and post IVC filter clinic group (with a median age of 58). A comparison between the rate of filters placed to retrieved was evaluated between these two time periods utilizing the Fischer exact test. Additionally, evaluation of post-procedural complications was performed to assess for post removal complications and recurrent thromboembolic disease in both preclinic and postclinic groups. Results In comparison for placement of optional filters for these two groups, it was noted that the preclinic placement was 49 and postclinic was 39. Despite the decrease in filter placement, the rate of retrieval increased from 7 (14.3%) vs 16 (41.0%) respectively. Utilizing the Fischer exact test, this was noted to be statistically significant. (p value = 0.0368). Additionally, 100% of filters evaluated in our clinic were removed successfully without post procedure complications, as well there is no recurrent thromboembolic disease involving both groups Conclusion Having a dedicated IVC filter clinic results in a significant increase in IVC filter retrieval rate; however, does not significantly change success in filter retrieval or post removal complications.

A survey was conducted to determine the frequency and popularity of contemporary methods used in endodontic retreatment to remove intraradicular posts. Opinions and rationales were also sought for the choice of surgical management instead of nonsurgical retreatment. A questionnaire was sent to 571 active Diplomates of the American Board of Endodontics with 324 members responding (56.7%). Hand instruments, such as hemostats or special forceps, were the most commonly used, often in conjunction with ultrasonic or sonic vibration to loosen the post or break down the cement interface. A wide range of rationales was identified for the use of surgical retreatment methods, with failure to remove the post after reasonable nonsurgical efforts being the most often cited.

포스트가 축조된 치아를 재근관 치료하는 경우 성공적인 비외과적 재근관치료를 시행하기 위해서는 포스트 제거가 선행되어야 한다. 기존의 포스트를 제거하는 방법으로는 초음파기구, Ruddle post removal system, Eaggler post remover, Masserann kit을 이용하는 방법 등 여러 가지가 소개 되고 있으나 기존의 방법들은 각 기구에 맞게 코어를 삭제해야 하는 시간과 많은 노력이 요구되며 포스트 제거시 치아나 포스트의 파절이 유발되기도 한다 그러나 최근에는 기존의 방법과는 다른 ATD automatic bridge remover를 이용해 포스트를 제거하는 새로운 방법이 소개되고 있으며 코어에 구멍을 형성하는 시간만 소요되어 비교적 빨리 제거 할 수 있다는 장점을 가지고 있다. 따라서 본 증례에서는 ATD automatic bridge remover를 이용해 주조포스트를 제거하고 성공적으로 재근관치료를 시행한 증례에 대해서 보고하고자 한다 【It is common for clinicians to encounter endodontically tl·treated teeth that contain posts within their roots. If endodontic treatment is failed, these posts must be removed to facilitate successful nonsurgical retreatment. There have been many techniques such as ultrasonic instrument, Ruddle post removal system, Eggler post remover and Masserann kit developed to facilitate removal of posts from the root canal space. But these methods may be disadvantageous because long length of time required for post removal and fracture of post or teeth. In now days new post removal technique using ATD automatic bridge remover was introduced. Advantages of this method are simple and short time consuming compare to others. This article served as a successful case report of post removal using ATD automatic bridge remover. [J Kor Acad Cons Dent 30(3):184-189, 2005】