Author: "Norma B. Romero" / Topic: medicine.medical_specialty - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. Clinical phenotype and loss of the slow skeletal muscle troponin T in three new patients with recessive TNNT1 nemaline myopathy

Author: A. Madelaine, Julie Brocard, Mireille Cossée, Isabelle Marty, Anne-Cécile Coville, Michel Koenig, Christine Ioos, C. Thèze, John Rendu, Klaus Dieterich, Aurore Siegfried, Julien Fauré, Claude Cances, Henri Pegeot, Eloïse Baudou, Pascale Marcorelle, Norma B. Romero, Emmanuelle Lacène, Emmanuelle Uro Coste, Murielle Dobrzynski, Raul Juntas Morales, Justine Géraud, Neurologie générale et maladies inflammatoires du système nerveux [Toulouse], Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], [GIN] Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe d'imagerie neurofonctionnelle (GIN), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives [Bordeaux] (IMN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), CHRU Brest, Pôle de Biologie Pathologie (CHU - BREST - Biologie pathologie), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], Institut de Myologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratoire de génétique des maladies rares. Pathologie moleculaire, etudes fonctionnelles et banque de données génétiques (LGMR), IFR3, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier - Déficits sensoriels et moteurs (INM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-IFR3, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier (INM)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, diagnosis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biopsy, Nonsense mutation, neuromuscular diseases, Slow skeletal muscle troponin T, Myopathies, Nemaline, 03 medical and health sciences, Exon, 0302 clinical medicine, Nemaline myopathy, Troponin T, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Diagnostics, Genetics (clinical), Genetic Association Studies, Sequence Deletion, business.industry, Homozygote, Skeletal muscle, Muscle weakness, Computational Biology, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Infant, Sequence Analysis, DNA, medicine.disease, musculoskeletal system, Immunohistochemistry, Hypotonia, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Phenotype, Child, Preschool, Mutation, Female, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: BackgroundCongenital nemaline myopathies are rare pathologies characterised by muscle weakness and rod-shaped inclusions in the muscle fibres.MethodsUsing next-generation sequencing, we identified three patients with pathogenic variants in the Troponin T type 1 (TNNT1) gene, coding for the troponin T (TNT) skeletal muscle isoform.ResultsThe clinical phenotype was similar in all patients, associating hypotonia, orthopaedic deformities and progressive chronic respiratory failure, leading to early death. The anatomopathological phenotype was characterised by a disproportion in the muscle fibre size, endomysial fibrosis and nemaline rods. Molecular analyses of TNNT1 revealed a homozygous deletion of exons 8 and 9 in patient 1; a heterozygous nonsense mutation in exon 9 and retention of part of intron 4 in muscle transcripts in patient 2; and a homozygous, very early nonsense mutation in patient 3.Western blot analyses confirmed the absence of the TNT protein resulting from these mutations.DiscussionThe clinical and anatomopathological presentations of our patients reinforce the homogeneous character of the phenotype associated with recessive TNNT1 mutations. Previous studies revealed an impact of recessive variants on the tropomyosin-binding affinity of TNT. We report in our patients a complete loss of TNT protein due to open reading frame disruption or to post-translational degradation of TNT.
Published: 2020
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2. ASC‐1 Is a Cell Cycle Regulator Associated with Severe and Mild Forms of Myopathy

Author: Teresa Gidaro, Julien Durigneux, Emma Pierce-Hoffman, Fabio Catervi, Johann Böhm, Alan H. Beggs, Adnan Yuksel, Montse Olivé, Casie A. Genetti, Raul Juntas-Morales, Isabelle Duband-Goulet, Nicolas Deconinck, Norma B. Romero, Eva Cabet, Rocío-Nur Villar-Quiles, Asuman Koparir, Ana Ferreiro, Jocelyn Laporte, Xavière Lornage, Mireille Cossée, John Rendu, Sandra Coppens, Lara Servais, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA (UMR_8251 / U1133)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Département de neurologie [Montpellier], Hôpital Gui de Chauliac [Montpellier]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Institut de Myologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Biruni University, Children's University Hospital Queen Fabiola [Bruxelles, Belgium], Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA, Partenaires INRAE, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires AOC, Groupe d'imagerie neurofonctionnelle (GIN), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives [Bordeaux] (IMN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge [Barcelone] (IDIBELL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Gui de Chauliac [CHU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives [Bordeaux] (IMN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), and Mühendislik ve Doğa Bilimleri Fakültesi
Subjects: Male, TRANSCRIPTION COACTIVATOR, 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, animal diseases, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Cardiomyopathy, Muscle Proteins, medicine.disease_cause, SIGNAL COINTEGRATOR 1, 0302 clinical medicine, Fibroblasts -- physiology, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Child, Cells, Cultured, Mutation, ABNORMALITIES, Cell Cycle -- physiology, Cell Cycle, PROLIFERATION, hemic and immune systems, Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles, Middle Aged, MUSCLE, Pedigree, 3. Good health, Phenotype, Neurology, Child, Preschool, Female, Transcription Factors -- genetics, medicine.symptom, tissues, D3, G1 phase, Adult, endocrine system, medicine.medical_specialty, Amino Acid Transport System y+, DISORDERS, Muscle Proteins -- genetics, Muscle, Skeletal -- pathology -- physiopathology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Muscular Diseases, Neurologie, medicine, Humans, Amino Acid Transport System y+ -- metabolism -- physiology, Muscle, Skeletal, Cell Cycle Protein, Myopathy, business.industry, Infant, Spinal muscular atrophy, Fibroblasts, medicine.disease, GENE, Congenital myopathy, eye diseases, MUSCULAR-DYSTROPHY, ADIPOGENESIS, 030104 developmental biology, Muscular Diseases -- genetics -- physiopathology, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Transcription Factors
Abstract: Objective: Recently, the ASC-1 complex has been identified as a mechanistic link between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), and 3 mutations of the ASC-1 gene TRIP4 have been associated with SMA or congenital myopathy. Our goal was to define ASC-1 neuromuscular function and the phenotypical spectrum associated with TRIP4 mutations. Methods: Clinical, molecular, histological, and magnetic resonance imaging studies were made in 5 families with 7 novel TRIP4 mutations. Fluorescence activated cell sorting and Western blot were performed in patient-derived fibroblasts and muscles and in Trip4 knocked-down C2C12 cells. Results: All mutations caused ASC-1 protein depletion. The clinical phenotype was purely myopathic, ranging from lethal neonatal to mild ambulatory adult patients. It included early onset axial and proximal weakness, scoliosis, rigid spine, dysmorphic facies, cutaneous involvement, respiratory failure, and in the older cases, dilated cardiomyopathy. Muscle biopsies showed multiminicores, nemaline rods, cytoplasmic bodies, caps, central nuclei, rimmed fibers, and/or mild endomysial fibrosis. ASC-1 depletion in C2C12 and in patient-derived fibroblasts and muscles caused accelerated proliferation, altered expression of cell cycle proteins, and/or shortening of the G0/G1 cell cycle phase leading to cell size reduction. Interpretation: Our results expand the phenotypical and molecular spectrum of TRIP4-associated disease to include mild adult forms with or without cardiomyopathy, associate ASC-1 depletion with isolated primary muscle involvement, and establish TRIP4 as a causative gene for several congenital muscle diseases, including nemaline, core, centronuclear, and cytoplasmic-body myopathies. They also identify ASC-1 as a novel cell cycle regulator with a key role in cell proliferation, and underline transcriptional coregulation defects as a novel pathophysiological mechanism. ANN NEUROL 2020;87:217–232., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2019
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3. A recurrent RYR1 mutation associated with early-onset hypotonia and benign disease course

Author: Julie Perrier-Boeswillwald, Johann Böhm, Eric Bieth, Marie-Christine Minot-Myhie, Marie-Christine Nougues, Annabelle Chaussenot, Helen Mecili, François-Jérôme Authier, Maud Michaud, Sandra Mercier, Norma B. Romero, Claude Cances, Julien Fauré, Mégane Pizzimenti, Nicolas Dondaine, Valérie Biancalana, Sabrina Sacconi, Antoinette Gelot Bernabe, John Rendu, Alison Bouzenard, Armelle Magot, Bertrand Isidor, Yann Péréon, Mélanie Fradin, Emmanuelle Uro-Coste, Jocelyn Laporte, Pascale Marcorelles, Gilles Bretaudeau, Laurent Pasquier, Ana Ferreiro, Bruno Eymard, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Strasbourg, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), [GIN] Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Hôpital l'Archet, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Service de Génétique [Purpan], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Hôpital Sud [CHU Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre de référence Maladies Rares CLAD-Ouest [Rennes], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Reference Centre for Neuromuscular Disorders ( FILNEMUS), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Université de Bretagne Occidentale - UFR Médecine et Sciences de la Santé (UBO UFR MSS), Université de Brest (UBO), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée [Aix-Marseille Université] (INMED - INSERM U1249), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA (UMR_8251 / U1133)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Dynamique et Structure du Cytosquelette Neuronal, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Service Génétique Médicale [CHU Toulouse], Institut Fédératif de Biologie (IFB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Pôle Biologie [CHU Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), and Laporte, Jocelyn
Subjects: Male, Pathology, Triad, Neuromuscular disorder, Case Report, [SDV.BC.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC], [SDV.BBM.BM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Age of Onset, 0303 health sciences, Congenital myopathy, medicine.diagnostic_test, Muscle weakness, Middle Aged, musculoskeletal system, Hypotonia, 3. Good health, Pedigree, [SDV.SP.PHARMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Child, Preschool, Disease Progression, [SDV.BBM.GTP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Muscle Hypotonia, Female, medicine.symptom, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, [SDV.GEN.GA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, Muscle disorder, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Young Adult, Excitation–contraction coupling, [SDV.MHEP.PED] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], medicine, [SDV.BC.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC], Humans, Centronuclear myopathy, RC346-429, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, RYR1, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, Muscle biopsy, business.industry, Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, medicine.disease, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Calcium, Neurology (clinical), Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Central core disease
Abstract: The ryanodine receptor RyR1 is the main sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ channel in skeletal muscle and acts as a connecting link between electrical stimulation and Ca2+-dependent muscle contraction. Abnormal RyR1 activity compromises normal muscle function and results in various human disorders including malignant hyperthermia, central core disease, and centronuclear myopathy. However, RYR1 is one of the largest genes of the human genome and accumulates numerous missense variants of uncertain significance (VUS), precluding an efficient molecular diagnosis for many patients and families. Here we describe a recurrent RYR1 mutation previously classified as VUS, and we provide clinical, histological, and genetic data supporting its pathogenicity. The heterozygous c.12083C>T (p.Ser4028Leu) mutation was found in thirteen patients from nine unrelated congenital myopathy families with consistent clinical presentation, and either segregated with the disease in the dominant families or occurred de novo. The affected individuals essentially manifested neonatal or infancy-onset hypotonia, delayed motor milestones, and a benign disease course differing from classical RYR1-related muscle disorders. Muscle biopsies showed unspecific histological and ultrastructural findings, while RYR1-typical cores and internal nuclei were seen only in single patients. In conclusion, our data evidence the causality of the RYR1 c.12083C>T (p.Ser4028Leu) mutation in the development of an atypical congenital myopathy with gradually improving motor function over the first decades of life, and may direct molecular diagnosis for patients with comparable clinical presentation and unspecific histopathological features on the muscle biopsy.
Published: 2021
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4. Diagnostic interest of whole-body MRI in early- and late-onset LAMA2 muscular dystrophies: a large international cohort

Author: Ivana Dabaj, Corinne Metay, Tanya Stojkovic, Nicolas Leboucq, Susana Quijano-Roy, Jana Haberlová, François Rivier, John Rendu, Giorgio Tasca, David Gómez-Andrés, Audrey Benezit, Ximena Ortega, Fabiana Fattori, Helge Amthor, Edoardo Malfatti, Jana Zídková, Angel Sanchez-Montanez, Norma B. Romero, John Vissing, Clara Gontijo Camelo, Claudia Castiglioni, Marta Gómez García de la Banda, Laura Costa Comellas, Robert Carlier, Pascal Laforêt, Nicoline Løkken, Francina Munell, Christophe Béroud, Martin Kyncl, Eliana Cavassa, AP-HP. Université Paris Saclay, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], Handicap neuromusculaire : Physiopathologie, Biothérapie et Pharmacologies appliquées (END-ICAP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University Hospital Motol [Prague], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), CHU Henri Mondor [Créteil], Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Génomique et Médecine Personnalisée du Cancer et des Maladies Neuropsychiatriques (GPMCND), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Cancer and Brain Genomics (CBG), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Dynamique et Structure du Cytosquelette Neuronal, [GIN] Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Sorbonne Université (SU), Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital [Rome, Italy], Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de génétique médicale [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University Hospital Brno, CHU Montpellier, Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service d'Imagerie Médicale [Raymond-Poincaré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], We thank ISCIII for the fnancial support for studying LAMA2-RD in Spain., CHU Henri Mondor, Unité clinique de pathologie neuromusculaire [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Fonctionnelle de Cardiogénétique et Myogénétique Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), MORNET, Dominique, Clinica Las Condes, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-IFR10, Fondazione 'Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli' [Rome], Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo [São Paulo, Brésil], Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Centre de recherche en myologie, and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Congenital muscular dystrophy, Myopathy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Muscle MRI, Biceps, Muscular Dystrophies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Whole Body Imaging, Heatmap, Muscular dystrophy, Muscle, Skeletal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0303 health sciences, Muscle biopsy, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Gluteus minimus, 030305 genetics & heredity, Posterior compartment of thigh, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Medius, Neurology, Neurology (clinical), Laminin, medicine.symptom, Merosin, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background: LAMA2-related muscular dystrophy (LAMA2-RD) encompasses a group of recessive muscular dystrophies caused by mutations in the LAMA2 gene, which codes for the alpha-2 chain of laminin-211 (merosin). Diagnosis is straightforward in the classic congenital presentation with no ambulation and complete merosin deficiency in muscle biopsy, but is far more difficult in milder ambulant individuals with partial merosin deficiency. Objective: To investigate the diagnostic utility of muscle imaging in LAMA2-RD using whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WBMRI). Results: 27 patients (2–62 years, 21–80% with acquisition of walking ability and 6 never ambulant) were included in an international collaborative study. All carried two pathogenic mutations, mostly private missense changes. An intronic variant (c.909 + 7A > G) was identified in all the Chilean cases. Three patients (two ambulant) showed intellectual disability, epilepsy, and brain structural abnormalities. WBMRI T1w sequences or T2 fat-saturated images (Dixon) revealed abnormal muscle fat replacement predominantly in subscapularis, lumbar paraspinals, gluteus minimus and medius, posterior thigh (adductor magnus, biceps femoris, hamstrings) and soleus. This involvement pattern was consistent for both ambulant and non-ambulant patients. The degree of replacement was predominantly correlated to the disease duration, rather than to the onset or the clinical severity. A “COL6-like sandwich sign” was observed in several muscles in ambulant adults, but different involvement of subscapularis, gluteus minimus, and medius changes allowed distinguishing LAMA2-RD from collagenopathies. The thigh muscles seem to be the best ones to assess disease progression. Conclusion: WBMRI in LAMA2-RD shows a homogeneous pattern of brain and muscle imaging, representing a supportive diagnostic tool.
Published: 2021
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5. Epidemiology and natural history of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa patients: 20 years’ experience of a reference centre in Spain

Author: Y. Vilches, J C López Gutiérrez, Norma B. Romero, R. de Lucas, L. Ostios, M. Del Rio, Jesus Miranda, M. Mora-Rillo, Lucía Martínez-Santamaría, María José Escámez, Derly Sánchez, Beatriz Castelo, Catherine M. Santos, María J. Beato, R. Maseda, D. Viñal, and B. García-Salvatierra
Subjects: Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Lung Neoplasms, Skin Neoplasms, Time Factors, Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, Adolescent, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, First Recurrence, Retrospective Studies, Cause of death, business.industry, General Medicine, Prognosis, University hospital, Dermatology, Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica, Natural history, 030104 developmental biology, Oncology, Spain, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Female, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Complication, business
Abstract: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the leading cause of death in patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB). We provide the management and prognosis of cSCC in RDEB patients at a Spanish reference center. We retrospectively included patients with RDEB attended in La Paz University Hospital from November 1988 to October 2018. Fourteen patients developed at least one cSCC. Tumors were predominantly well differentiated. Nearly half of the tumors have recurred. Median time to first recurrence was 23.4 months (95% CI: 17.2–29.5). Five patients have developed distant metastases. Median overall survival (mOS) was 136.5 months since the diagnosis of the first cSCC (95% CI: 30.6–242.3). When distant metastases occurred, mOS was 6.78 months (95% CI: 1.94–11.61). cSCC is a life-threatening complication of RDEB patients. Although tumors are usually well differentiated, they tend to relapse. This is the first Spanish report of cSCC arising in RDEB patients.
Published: 2019
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6. ACTN2 mutations cause 'Multiple structured Core Disease' (MsCD)

Author: Edoardo Malfatti, Livija Medne, Xavière Lornage, A. Reghan Foley, Katherine R. Chao, Jocelyn Laporte, Michael M Marchetti, Jean-François Deleuze, David Orlikowski, Michel Fardeau, Johann Böhm, Carsten G. Bönnemann, Sandra Donkervoort, Robert Carlier, S. Neuhaus, Norma B. Romero, Vandana Gupta, Clémence Labasse, Raphaël Schneider, Claire A Grosgogeat, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [Bethesda] (NINDS), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (BROAD INSTITUTE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP ), Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre d’Investigation Clinique 1429 [Garches] (CIC 1429), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and univOAK, Archive ouverte
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Myotonia Congenita, Z-line, Core myopathy, ACTN2, Alpha-actinin-2, Article, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Nemaline myopathy, medicine, Animals, Humans, Missense mutation, Actinin, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Muscle, Skeletal, Zebrafish, Exome sequencing, Congenital myopathy, Muscle biopsy, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, Myogenesis, Muscle weakness, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, Mutation, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: The identification of genes implicated in myopathies is essential for diagnosis and for revealing novel therapeutic targets. Here we characterize a novel subclass of congenital myopathy at the morphological, molecular, and functional level. Through exome sequencing, we identified de novo ACTN2 mutations, a missense and a deletion, in two unrelated patients presenting with progressive early-onset muscle weakness and respiratory involvement. Morphological and ultrastructural analyses of muscle biopsies revealed a distinctive pattern with the presence of muscle fibers containing small structured cores and jagged Z-lines. Deeper analysis of the missense mutation revealed mutant alpha-actinin-2 properly localized to the Z-line in differentiating myotubes and its level was not altered in muscle biopsy. Modelling of the disease in zebrafish and mice by exogenous expression of mutated alpha-actinin-2 recapitulated the abnormal muscle function and structure seen in the patients. Motor deficits were noted in zebrafish, and muscle force was impaired in isolated muscles from AAV-transduced mice. In both models, sarcomeric disorganization was evident, while expression of wild-type alpha-actinin-2 did not result in muscle anomalies. The murine muscles injected with mutant ACTN2 displayed cores and Z-line defects. Dominant ACTN2 mutations were previously associated with cardiomyopathies, and our data demonstrate that specific mutations in the well-known Z-line regulator alpha-actinin-2 can cause a skeletal muscle disorder.
Published: 2019
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7. Missense mutations in small muscle protein X-linked (SMPX) cause distal myopathy with protein inclusions

Author: Päivi Lahermo, Marco Savarese, Jaakko Sarparanta, Anna Vihola, Kati Donner, Norbert Vella, Cornelia Kornblum, Per Harald Jonson, Mridul Johari, Bjarne Udd, Edith Said, Francesca Magri, Giulio Piluso, Jens Reimann, Giacomo P. Comi, Sanna Huovinen, M Cauchi, H. Luque, Tanya Stojkovic, Manu Jokela, Annalaura Torella, Norma B. Romero, Peter Hackman, Eleonora Mauri, Vincenzo Nigro, Armelle Magot, Johari, Mridul, Sarparanta, Jaakko, Vihola, Anna, Jonson, Per Harald, Savarese, Marco, Jokela, Manu, Torella, Annalaura, Piluso, Giulio, Said, Edith, Vella, Norbert, Cauchi, Marija, Magot, Armelle, Magri, Francesca, Mauri, Eleonora, Kornblum, Cornelia, Reimann, Jen, Stojkovic, Tanya, Romero, Norma B, Luque, Helena, Huovinen, Sanna, Lahermo, Päivi, Donner, Kati, Comi, Giacomo Pietro, Nigro, Vincenzo, Hackman, Peter, Udd, Bjarne, Tampere University, Clinical Medicine, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Department of Pathology, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Genetics, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, and Biosciences
Subjects: Adult, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Mutation, Missense, Distal myopathy, Muscle Proteins, Biology, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, AGE, 0302 clinical medicine, Stress granule, medicine, Humans, Missense mutation, Proteinopathy, Muscle, Skeletal, Myopathy, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, Inclusion Bodies, X-linked, Original Paper, 0303 health sciences, Muscle Weakness, HEARING-LOSS, Haplotype, Rimmed vacuoles, 3112 Neurosciences, Middle Aged, Pedigree, Amyloidogenesis, 3. Good health, Multisystem proteinopathy, Amyloidogenesi, Distal Myopathies, MULTISYSTEM PROTEINOPATHY, Stress granules, Cell culture, RARE FORM, Neurology (clinical), 3111 Biomedicine, medicine.symptom, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, PHASE-SEPARATION
Abstract: Using deep phenotyping and high-throughput sequencing, we have identified a novel type of distal myopathy caused by mutations in the Small muscle protein X-linked (SMPX) gene. Four different missense mutations were identified in ten patients from nine families in five different countries, suggesting that this disease could be prevalent in other populations as well. Haplotype analysis of patients with similar ancestry revealed two different founder mutations in Southern Europe and France, indicating that the prevalence in these populations may be higher. In our study all patients presented with highly similar clinical features: adult-onset, usually distal more than proximal limb muscle weakness, slowly progressing over decades with preserved walking. Lower limb muscle imaging showed a characteristic pattern of muscle involvement and fatty degeneration. Histopathological and electron microscopic analysis of patient muscle biopsies revealed myopathic findings with rimmed vacuoles and the presence of sarcoplasmic inclusions, some with amyloid-like characteristics. In silico predictions and subsequent cell culture studies showed that the missense mutations increase aggregation propensity of the SMPX protein. In cell culture studies, overexpressed SMPX localized to stress granules and slowed down their clearance. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00401-021-02319-x.
Published: 2021

8. NEM6, KBTBD13-Related Congenital Myopathy: Myopathological Analysis in 18 Dutch Patients Reveals Ring Rods Fibers, Cores, Nuclear Clumps, and Granulo-Filamentous Protein Material

Author: Nicol C. Voermans, Claire Boulogne, Benno Küsters, Clémence Labasse, Baziel G.M. van Engelen, Coen A.C. Ottenheijm, Josine M. de Winter, Guy Brochier, Karlijn Bouman, Lilian Eshuis, Esmee S.B. Van Kleef, Norma B. Romero, A. Madelaine, Cynthia Gillet, Edoardo Malfatti, Physiology, and ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis
Subjects: Adult, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, Muscle Fibers, Skeletal, Muscle Proteins, Myopathies, Nemaline, Sarcomere, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Nemaline myopathy, law, medicine, Myotilin, Humans, Myopathy, Actin, 030304 developmental biology, Aged, Netherlands, 0303 health sciences, biology, Chemistry, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Disorders of movement Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 3], Congenital myopathy, Neurology, biology.protein, Titin, Female, Neurology (clinical), sense organs, medicine.symptom, Electron microscope, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 232919.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Nemaline myopathy type 6 (NEM6), KBTBD13-related congenital myopathy is caused by mutated KBTBD13 protein that interacts improperly with thin filaments/actin, provoking impaired muscle-relaxation kinetics. We describe muscle morphology in 18 Dutch NEM6 patients and correlate it with clinical phenotype and pathophysiological mechanisms. Rods were found in in 85% of biopsies by light microscopy, and 89% by electron microscopy. A peculiar ring disposition of rods resulting in ring-rods fiber was observed. Cores were found in 79% of NEM6 biopsies by light microscopy, and 83% by electron microscopy. Electron microscopy also disclosed granulofilamentous protein material in 9 biopsies. Fiber type 1 predominance and prominent nuclear internalization were found. Rods were immunoreactive for α-actinin and myotilin. Areas surrounding the rods showed titin overexpression suggesting derangement of the surrounding sarcomeres. NEM6 myopathology hallmarks are prominent cores, rods including ring-rods fibers, nuclear clumps, and granulofilamentous protein material. This material might represent the histopathologic epiphenomenon of altered interaction between mutated KBTBD13 protein and thin filaments. We claim to classify KBTBD13-related congenital myopathy as rod-core myopathy.
Published: 2021
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9. Clinical correlations and long-term follow-up in 100 patients with sarcoglycanopathies

Author: D. Orlikowski, M C Nougues, P. Laforêt, Anthony Behin, Gorka Fernández-Eulate, Abdallah Fayssoil, Isabelle Desguerre, F. Leturcq, Sarah Leonard-Louis, Bruno Eymard, B Estournet-Mathiaud, Isabelle Richard, B Fauroux, A Isapof, Edoardo Malfatti, Karim Wahbi, Raquel Guimarães-Costa, T. Stojkovic, Claudio Semplicini, Susana Quijano-Roy, Norma B. Romero, Giorgia Querin, Christine Barnerias, Institut de Myologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Sorbonne Université (SU), AP-HP - Hôpital Cochin Broca Hôtel Dieu [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Handicap neuromusculaire : Physiopathologie, Biothérapie et Pharmacologies appliquées (END-ICAP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], Approches génétiques intégrées et nouvelles thérapies pour les maladies rares (INTEGRARE), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Généthon, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université, and Richard, Isabelle
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, neuromuscular diseases, Exercise intolerance, 03 medical and health sciences, outcome measures, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Sarcoglycans, sarcoglycan, medicine, Sarcoglycanopathies, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Muscle, Skeletal, Retrospective Studies, Muscle biopsy, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Genetic heterogeneity, Homozygote, Dilated cardiomyopathy, Retrospective cohort study, limb-girdle muscular dystrophies, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Sarcoglycan, Sarcoglycanopathy, Neurology, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, genetic, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: International audience; Background and purpose: To describe a large series of patients with α, β, and γ sarcoglycanopathies (LGMD-R3, R4, and R5) and study phenotypic correlations and disease progression. Methods: A multicentric retrospective study in four centers in the Paris area collecting neuromuscular, respiratory, cardiac, histologic, and genetic data. The primary outcome of progression was age of loss of ambulation (LoA); disease severity was established according to LoA before or after 18 years of age. Time-to-event analysis was performed. Results: One hundred patients (54 γ-SG; 41 α-SG; 5 β-SG) from 80 families were included. The γ-SG patients had earlier disease onset than α-SG patients (5.5 vs. 8 years; p = 0.022) and β-SG patients (24.4 years). Axial muscle weakness and joint contractures were frequent and exercise intolerance was observed. At mean follow-up of 22.9 years, 65.3% of patients were wheelchair-bound (66.7% α-SG, 67.3% γ-SG, 40% β-SG). Dilated cardiomyopathy occurred in all sarcoglycanopathy subtypes, especially in γ-SG patients (p = 0.01). Thirty patients were ventilated and six died. Absent sarcoglycan protein expression on muscle biopsy and younger age at onset were associated with earlier time to LoA (p = 0.021 and p = 0.002). Age at onset was an independent predictor of both severity and time to LoA (p = 0.0004 and p = 0.009). The α-SG patients showed genetic heterogeneity, whereas >90% of γ-SG patients carried the homozygous c.525delT frameshift variant. Five new mutations were identified. Conclusions: This large multicentric series delineates the clinical spectrum of patients with sarcoglycanopathies. Age at disease onset is an independent predictor of severity of disease and LoA, and should be taken into account in future clinical trials.
Published: 2021
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10. Mild clinical presentation in KLHL40-related nemaline myopathy (NEM 8)

Author: John Rendu, Julien Fauré, Laurent Pelletier, Pierre G. Carlier, Laurent Servais, Norma B. Romero, Andreea Mihaela Seferian, Véronique Forin, Edoardo Malfatti, Teresa Gidaro, Jessica Taytard, E. Gargaun, C Bosson, CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de référence des maladies rares neuromusculaires, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de recherche en myologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unit of Neuromuscular Morphology [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Institut de Myologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (UMRS893), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Pneumologie pédiatrique [CHU Trousseau], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de réhabilitation pédiatrique [CHU Trousseau], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), NMR Laboratory, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Institut de Myologie (U153 Inserm - IM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Centre de référence des maladies rares neuromusculaires [CHU Pitié-Salpétriêre], and HAL-UPMC, Gestionnaire
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Muscle Proteins, KLHL40, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Myopathies, Nemaline, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, 0302 clinical medicine, Nemaline myopathy, medicine, Humans, Nemaline bodies, Child, Muscle, Skeletal, Genetics (clinical), Sanger sequencing, Mutation, Muscle biopsy, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Genetic heterogeneity, medicine.disease, Hypotonia, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Phenotype, Neurology, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, symbols, Female, Neurology (clinical), Presentation (obstetrics), medicine.symptom, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; Nemaline myopathies are clinically and genetically heterogeneous muscle diseases characterized by the presence of nemaline bodies (rods) in muscle fibers. Mutations in the KLHL40 (kelch-like family member 40) gene (NEM 8) are common cause of severe/lethal nemaline myopathy. We report an 8-year-old girl born to consanguineous Moroccan parents, who presented with hypotonia and poor sucking at birth, delayed motor development, and further mild difficulties in walking and fatigability. A muscle biopsy revealed the presence of nemaline bodies. KLHL40 gene Sanger sequencing disclosed a never before reported pathogenic homozygous mutation which resulted in absent KLHL40 protein expression in the muscle. This further expands the phenotypical spectrum of KLHL40 related nemaline myopathy.
Published: 2020
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11. A Heterozygous Mutation in the Filamin C Gene Causes an Unusual Nemaline Myopathy With Ring Fibers

Author: Johann Böhm, Mai-Thao Bui, Guy Brochier, Corinne Metay, Anais Chanut, Jocelyn Laporte, Xavière Lornage, Ursula Oppermann, Teresinha Evangelista, Guillaume Bassez, Pierre G. Carlier, E. Lacène, Norma B. Romero, Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Biochimie Métabolique et Centre de Génétique moléculaire et chromosomique [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and univOAK, Archive ouverte
Subjects: Adult, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Heterozygote, Filamins, Biology, Filamin, Myopathies, Nemaline, Muscle MRI, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Nemaline myopathy, medicine, Humans, FLNC, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Nemaline bodies, Myopathy, Actin, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Muscle biopsy, Filamin C-related myopathies, medicine.diagnostic_test, Filamin C (FLNC), General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Pedigree, Phenotype, Neurology, Mutation, Distal Myopathies, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, Sarcomere disorganization, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Myopathies, Structural, Congenital
Abstract: Autosomal dominant pathogenic variants in the filamin C gene (FLNC) have been associated with myofibrillar myopathies, distal myopathies, and isolated cardiomyopathies. Mutations in different functional domains of FLNC can cause various clinical phenotypes. A novel heterozygous missense variant c.608G>A, p.(Cys203Tyr) in the actin binding domain of FLCN was found to cause an upper limb distal myopathy (MIM #614065). The muscle MRI findings are similar to those observed in FLNC-myofibrillar myopathy (MIM #609524). However, the muscle biopsy revealed >20% of muscle fibers with nemaline bodies, in addition to numerous ring fibers and a predominance of type 1 fibers. Overall, this case shows some unique and rare aspects of FLNC-myopathy constituting a new morphologic phenotype of FLNC-related myopathies.
Published: 2020
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12. Muscular, Ocular and Brain Involvement Associated with a De Novo 11q13.2q14.1 Duplication: Contribution to the Differential Diagnosis of Muscle-Eye-Brain Congenital Muscular Dystrophy

Author: A. Barois, Marlène Rio, Norma B. Romero, Marta Gomez Garcia de la Banda, Susana Quijano-Roy, Ana Ferreiro, Céline Bouchet-Séraphin, Rocio N. Villar-Quiles, Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA (UMR_8251 / U1133)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut de Myologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Handicap neuromusculaire : Physiopathologie, Biothérapie et Pharmacologies appliquées (END-ICAP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Eye Diseases, muscle-eye-brain, Myopathy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], CNV, Corpus callosum, Muscular Dystrophies, Diagnosis, Differential, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, dystroglycanopathy, medicine, Humans, Kyphoscoliosis, Brain Diseases, congenital muscular dystrophy, Muscle biopsy, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11, ocular involvement, Amyotrophy, medicine.disease, Hypotonia, Hypoplasia, 030104 developmental biology, Neurology, Congenital muscular dystrophy, Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Muscular weakness and hypotonia may be associated with multisystem involvement giving rise to complex phenotypes, many of which are uncharacterized. We report a patient presenting with congenital hypotonia and severe ocular and brain abnormalities, evoking a Muscle Eye Brain disease (MEB). She had global muscular weakness, hypotonia and amyotrophy, joint hyperlaxity, kyphoscoliosis, respiratory insufficiency, dysmorphic features and severe intellectual disability. Brain MRI showed cortical atrophy and hypoplasia of the corpus callosum. Normal CK levels, non-progressive course and absence of dystrophic features or alpha-dystroglycan abnormalities on the muscle biopsy were not typical of MEB. CGH array identified a large de novo duplication in chromosome 11, including regions partially duplicated in three other patients with common clinical features. This report adds to the differential diagnosis of complex phenotypes characterized by muscular, ocular and CNS involvement and highlights the potential contribution of still unrecognized chromosomal abnormalities to these phenotypes.
Published: 2020
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13. The clinical, histologic, and genotypic spectrum of SEPN1-related myopathy : A case series

Author: J. Andoni Urtizberea, María L. Cuadrado, Isabelle Desguerre, Emmanuelle Lagrue, Michel Fardeau, Carsten G. Bönnemann, Ulrike Reuner, Haluk Topaloglu, Beate Schlotter-Weigel, Susana Quijano-Roy, Maja von der Hagen, Rocio N. Villar-Quiles, Sandra Donkervoort, Denys Chaigne, Nathalie Goemans, Michèle Mayer, Norma B. Romero, Ekkehard Wilichowski, Jaume Colomer, Brigitte Estournet, Corinne Metay, Ulrike Schara, M Stoetter, Pascale Richard, Edoardo Malfatti, Angela M. Kaindl, Ana Ferreiro, David Orlikowski, Anneke van der Kooi, Marianne de Visser, Luciano Merlini, E. Bertini, Jürg Lütschg, Bruno Eymard, Volker Straub, C. Castiglioni, Mustafa A. Salih, Victoria Gonzalez, Neurology, and ANS - Neuroinfection & -inflammation
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Medizin, Retrospective cohort study, Scoliosis, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Ophthalmoparesis, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Respiratory failure, Internal medicine, Biopsy, Medicine, Neurology (clinical), Young adult, medicine.symptom, business, Myopathy, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Rare disease
Abstract: ObjectiveTo clarify the prevalence, long-term natural history, and severity determinants of SEPN1-related myopathy (SEPN1-RM), we analyzed a large international case series.MethodsRetrospective clinical, histologic, and genetic analysis of 132 pediatric and adult patients (2–58 years) followed up for several decades.ResultsThe clinical phenotype was marked by severe axial muscle weakness, spinal rigidity, and scoliosis (86.1%, from 8.9 ± 4 years), with relatively preserved limb strength and previously unreported ophthalmoparesis in severe cases. All patients developed respiratory failure (from 10.1±6 years), 81.7% requiring ventilation while ambulant. Histopathologically, 79 muscle biopsies showed large variability, partly determined by site of biopsy and age. Multi-minicores were the most common lesion (59.5%), often associated with mild dystrophic features and occasionally with eosinophilic inclusions. Identification of 65 SEPN1 mutations, including 32 novel ones and the first pathogenic copy number variation, unveiled exon 1 as the main mutational hotspot and revealed the first genotype–phenotype correlations, bi-allelic null mutations being significantly associated with disease severity (p = 0.017). SEPN1-RM was more severe and progressive than previously thought, leading to loss of ambulation in 10% of cases, systematic functional decline from the end of the third decade, and reduced lifespan even in mild cases. The main prognosis determinants were scoliosis/respiratory management, SEPN1 mutations, and body mass abnormalities, which correlated with disease severity. We propose a set of severity criteria, provide quantitative data for outcome identification, and establish a need for age stratification.ConclusionOur results inform clinical practice, improving diagnosis and management, and represent a major breakthrough for clinical trial readiness in this not so rare disease.
Published: 2020

14. GGPS1 Mutations Cause Muscular Dystrophy/Hearing Loss/Ovarian Insufficiency Syndrome

Author: Udo Oppermann, Richard S. Finkel, Sandra Donkervoort, Edoardo Malfatti, Mariarita Santi, Leila Qebibo, Thomas Voit, Carsten G. Bönnemann, Kamel Mamchaoui, Michio Hirano, Kate Bushby, Philippe Touraine, Isabelle Nelson, Volker Straub, Hui Xiong, Tanya Stojkovic, Jahannaz Dastgir, A. Reghan Foley, Stephanie Duguez, Thomas C. Markello, Jyoti K. Jaiswal, Jachinta Rooney, Thierry Maisonobe, Ying Hu, Imelda Hughes, Jocelyn Laporte, Norma B. Romero, Katherine G. Meilleur, Johann Böhm, Adam Horn, Yaqun Zou, James E. Dunford, Yanbin Fan, Goutam Chandra, Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Handicap neuromusculaire : Physiopathologie, Biothérapie et Pharmacologies appliquées (END-ICAP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Neurophysiologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de Chirurgie Générale, Viscérale et Endocrinienne [CHU Pitié-Sapêtrière], Unit of Neuromuscular Morphology [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Institut de Myologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), ANR-10-INBS-09 Fondation Maladies Rares, FMR National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NINDS, This study was supported by intramural funds from the NIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (grant to C.G.B). J.E.D. is supported by National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom. J.L. and J.B. are supported by France G?nomique (ANR-10-INBS-09) and Fondation Maladies Rares within the framework of the ?Myocapture? sequencing project. We thank the patients and their families for their generous participation in this study, Dr P. Mohassel for his help in evaluating the patients, and M. Pizzimenti for technical assistance., ANR-10-INBS-0009,France-Génomique,Organisation et montée en puissance d'une Infrastructure Nationale de Génomique(2010), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Myologie, and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Primary Ovarian Insufficiency, Muscular Dystrophies, Protein Structure, Secondary, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine, Gene Knock-In Techniques, Muscular dystrophy, Research Articles, Exome sequencing, Sanger sequencing, Geranyltranstransferase, Middle Aged, Phenotype, Pedigree, 3. Good health, Neurology, symbols, Female, Sensorineural hearing loss, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], GGPS1, medicine.symptom, Research Article, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Hearing loss, Mice, Transgenic, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Exome Sequencing, Animals, Farnesyltranstransferase, Humans, Hearing Loss, business.industry, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Dimethylallyltranstransferase, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Mutation, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Objective: A hitherto undescribed phenotype of early onset muscular dystrophy associated with sensorineural hearing loss and primary ovarian insufficiency was initially identified in 2 siblings and in subsequent patients with a similar constellation of findings. The goal of this study was to understand the genetic and molecular etiology of this condition. Methods: We applied whole exome sequencing (WES) superimposed on shared haplotype regions to identify the initial biallelic variants in GGPS1 followed by GGPS1 Sanger sequencing or WES in 5 additional families with the same phenotype. Molecular modeling, biochemical analysis, laser membrane injury assay, and the generation of a Y259C knock-in mouse were done. Results: A total of 11 patients in 6 families carrying 5 different biallelic pathogenic variants in specific domains of GGPS1 were identified. GGPS1 encodes geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase in the mevalonate/isoprenoid pathway, which catalyzes the synthesis of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, the lipid precursor of geranylgeranylated proteins including small guanosine triphosphatases. In addition to proximal weakness, all but one patient presented with congenital sensorineural hearing loss, and all postpubertal females had primary ovarian insufficiency. Muscle histology was dystrophic, with ultrastructural evidence of autophagic material and large mitochondria in the most severe cases. There was delayed membrane healing after laser injury in patient-derived myogenic cells, and a knock-in mouse of one of the mutations (Y259C) resulted in prenatal lethality. Interpretation: The identification of specific GGPS1 mutations defines the cause of a unique form of muscular dystrophy with hearing loss and ovarian insufficiency and points to a novel pathway for this clinical constellation. ANN NEUROL 2020;88:332–347.
Published: 2020
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15. Asymmetric muscle weakness due to ACTA1 mosaic mutations

Author: Johann Böhm, Jocelyn Laporte, Helge Amthor, Norma B. Romero, Robert-Yves Carlier, Susana Quijano-Roy, Jean-François Deleuze, Xavière Lornage, Nicole Monnier, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Sanger sequencing, Mutation, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Muscle weakness, medicine.disease_cause, Genetic analysis, Hypotonia, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Biopsy, symbols, Medicine, Missense mutation, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Exome sequencing, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: ObjectiveTo characterize 2 unrelated patients with either asymmetric or unilateral muscle weakness at the clinical, genetic, histologic, and ultrastructural level.MethodsThe patients underwent thorough clinical examination, whole-body MRI, and exome sequencing. Muscle morphology was assessed by histology and electron microscopy.ResultsBoth patients presented with early-onset hypotonia, delayed motor milestones, scoliosis, and reduced pulmonary function. Patient P1 manifested unilateral muscle weakness exclusively affecting the left side of the body; the asymmetry was less pronounced in patient P2. Muscle biopsies from both patients showed nemaline rods as the main histopathologic hallmark, and MRI revealed major fatty infiltrations in selective head, proximal, and distal muscles, correlating with the degree of muscle weakness asymmetry. Exome sequencing on blood DNA from both patients identified de novo ACTA1 missense mutations in a small number of reads, suggesting mutation mosaicism. Subsequent Sanger sequencing confirmed the presence of the mutations on muscle DNA, while they were barely detectable on blood DNA.ConclusionsDe novo mutations can occur anytime during embryonic development and may result in a mosaic pattern of affected cells and tissues and lead to the development of an asymmetric clinical picture. The present study points out that mosaic mutations might not be easily detectable on leukocyte DNA and thereby escape routine genetic analysis, and possibly account for a significant number of molecularly undiagnosed patients.
Published: 2020
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16. Novel ASCC1 mutations causing prenatal-onset muscle weakness with arthrogryposis and congenital bone fractures

Author: Johann Böhm, Guy Brochier, Edoardo Malfatti, Anne Boland, Emily C. Oates, Jocelyn Laporte, Kristi J. Jones, Norma B. Romero, and Jean-François Deleuze
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Arthrogryposis, Mutation, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Sarcolemma, business.industry, Muscle weakness, 030105 genetics & heredity, medicine.disease_cause, Sarcomere, Frameshift mutation, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Neonatal hypotonia, Genetics, medicine, medicine.symptom, business, Myopathy, Genetics (clinical)
Abstract: BackgroundThe activating signal cointegrator 1 (ASC-1) complex acts as a transcriptional coactivator for a variety of transcription factors and consists of four subunits: ASCC1, ASCC2, ASCC3 and TRIP4. A single homozygous mutation in ASCC1 has recently been reported in two families with a severe muscle and bone disorder.ObjectiveWe aim to contribute to a better understanding of the ASCC1-related disorder.MethodsHere, we provide a clinical, histological and genetic description of three additional ASCC1 families.ResultsAll patients presented with severe prenatal-onset muscle weakness, neonatal hypotonia and arthrogryposis, and congenital bone fractures. The muscle biopsies from the affected infants revealed intense oxidative rims beneath the sarcolemma and scattered remnants of sarcomeres with enlarged Z-bands, potentially representing a histopathological hallmark of the disorder. Sequencing identified recessive nonsense or frameshift mutations in ASCC1, including two novel mutations.ConclusionOverall, this work expands the ASCC1 mutation spectrum, sheds light on the muscle histology of the disorder and emphasises the physiological importance of the ASC-1 complex in fetal muscle and bone development.
Published: 2018
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17. Evidence of diaphragmatic dysfunction with severe alveolar hypoventilation syndrome in mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency

Author: Alessandro Amaddeo, Nathalie Boddaert, Sonia Khirani, Isabelle Desguerre, Brigitte Fauroux, Jean-Paul Bonnefont, Arnold Munnich, Manuel Schiff, Agnès Rötig, Claude Besmond, Norma B. Romero, Alessandra Pennisi, Zahra Assouline, Giulia Barcia, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université de Paris (UP), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Sommeil-Vigilance-Fatigue et Santé Publique (VIFASOM (URP_7330)), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées (IRBA)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and CCSD, Accord Elsevier
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Weakness, Paradoxical breathing, Mitochondrial Diseases, Mitochondrial disease, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Diaphragm, Diaphragmatic breathing, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Alveolar hypoventilation syndrome, Internal medicine, medicine, Respiratory muscle, Humans, Child, Genetics (clinical), Noninvasive Ventilation, business.industry, Hypoventilation, medicine.disease, Heteroplasmy, Respiratory Muscles, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030104 developmental biology, Mitochondrial respiratory chain, Neurology, Child, Preschool, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Mutation, Cardiology, Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Diaphragmatic dysfunction has been reported in congenital myopathies, muscular dystrophies, and occasionally, mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency. Using a minimally invasive procedure in 3 young girls, 1 with a heteroplasmic MT-CYB mutation and 2 with biallelic pathogenic TK2 variants, we provided functional evidence of diaphragmatic dysfunction with global respiratory muscle weakness in mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency. Analysis of respiratory muscle performance using esogastric pressures revealed paradoxical breathing and severe global inspiratory and expiratory muscle weakness with a sniff esophageal inspiratory pressure and a gastric pressure during cough averaging 50% and 40% of predicted values, respectively. This diaphragmatic dysfunction was responsible for severe undiagnosed nocturnal hypoventilation, requiring noninvasive ventilation. Our results underline the interest of this minimally invasive procedure for the evaluation of respiratory muscle performance and its potential value for the monitoring of future clinical trials in respiratory chain deficiency.
Published: 2019
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18. Dysfunctional sarcomere contractility contributes to muscle weakness in ACTA1 -related nemaline myopathy (NEM3)

Author: Edoardo Malfatti, Dilson E. Rassier, Nigel F. Clarke, Stefan Conijn, Weikang Ma, Norma B. Romero, Malin Persson, Albert Kalganov, Sylvia J. P. Bogaards, Igor Kovacevic, Ger J.M. Stienen, Johan Lindqvist, Alan H. Beggs, Michaela Yuen, Josine M. de Winter, Barbara Joureau, Coen A.C. Ottenheijm, and Thomas C. Irving
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Muscle weakness, medicine.disease, Sarcomere, Contractility, 03 medical and health sciences, Myosin head, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Nemaline myopathy, Neurology, Internal medicine, medicine, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, Myofibril, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Actin, Muscle contraction
Abstract: Objective Nemaline myopathy (NM) is one of the most common congenital nondystrophic myopathies and is characterized by muscle weakness, often from birth. Mutations in ACTA1 are a frequent cause of NM (ie, NEM3). ACTA1 encodes alpha-actin 1, the main constituent of the sarcomeric thin filament. The mechanisms by which mutations in ACTA1 contribute to muscle weakness in NEM3 are incompletely understood. We hypothesized that sarcomeric dysfunction contributes to muscle weakness in NEM3 patients. Methods To test this hypothesis, we performed contractility measurements in individual muscle fibers and myofibrils obtained from muscle biopsies of 14 NEM3 patients with different ACTA1 mutations. To identify the structural basis for impaired contractility, low angle X-ray diffraction and stimulated emission-depletion microscopy were applied. Results Our findings reveal that muscle fibers of NEM3 patients display a reduced maximal force-generating capacity, which is caused by dysfunctional sarcomere contractility in the majority of patients, as revealed by contractility measurements in myofibrils. Low angle X-ray diffraction and stimulated emission-depletion microscopy indicate that dysfunctional sarcomere contractility in NEM3 patients involves a lower number of myosin heads binding to actin during muscle activation. This lower number is not the result of reduced thin filament length. Interestingly, the calcium sensitivity of force is unaffected in some patients, but decreased in others. Interpretation Dysfunctional sarcomere contractility is an important contributor to muscle weakness in the majority of NEM3 patients. This information is crucial for patient stratification in future clinical trials. Ann Neurol 2018;83:269-282.
Published: 2018
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19. Anti-HMGCR Antibody–Related Necrotizing Autoimmune Myopathy Mimicking Muscular Dystrophy

Author: Claude-Alain Maurage, Norma B. Romero, Vincent Tiffreau, Louis Vallée, Isabelle Nelson, Rabah Ben Yaou, Emmanuelle Jaillette, Céline Tard, Fabienne Jouen, Jean-Marie Cuisset, Gisèle Bonne, Sylvie Nguyen, Patrick Vermersch, Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'excellence Inflamex, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS) - ULR 7369 - ULR 4488 (URePSSS), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille, Département Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Roger Salengro, CHRU de Lille, Hôpital Roger Salengro, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France, Physiopathologie et biothérapies des maladies inflammatoires et autoimmunes, Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Unit of Neuromuscular Morphology [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Roger Salengro [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre de référence des maladies rares neuromusculaires, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), and Service de neuropédiatrie [CHU Lille]
Subjects: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Delayed Diagnosis, Necrosis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Inflammation, Autoimmune Diseases, Diagnosis, Differential, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Muscular Diseases, Fibrosis, Biopsy, medicine, Humans, Muscular dystrophy, Muscle, Skeletal, Autoantibodies, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, Muscle biopsy, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, business.industry, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Disease Progression, biology.protein, Immunohistochemistry, Female, Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases, Creatine kinase, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Introduction Necrotizing autoimmune myopathies (NAMs) are acquired myopathies with myofibrillar necrosis and weak or absent inflammatory component, sometimes associated with anti-signal recognition particle (SRP) or 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) antibodies. Observation The patient, a girl now aged 20 years, was first assessed at the age of 5 years for abnormal gait revealing frank pelvic deficit. Creatine kinase (CK) levels were as high as 7,500 IU/L. Subsequent muscle biopsy showed some necrosis, fiber regeneration, and fibrosis consistent with muscular dystrophy (MD). Protein immunohistochemistry was normal. The disease course was progressive until wheelchair use at the age of 9 years. At 12 years of age, a second muscle biopsy found an advanced MD with some perivascular inflammatory mononuclear cells. All molecular analyses done through 14 years of follow-up were negative till anti-HMGCR antibodies were detected at a significant amount when she was 19 years old. Discussion NAMs begin at a pediatric age and may have a chronic course mimicking MDs. Muscular biopsy can be misleading with a predominantly dystrophic pattern without inflammation. Conclusion This observation should prompt the assessment of NAMs in all MDs, even pediatric, without molecular solutions.
Published: 2017
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20. Mutations in GFPT1-related congenital myasthenic syndromes are associated with synaptic morphological defects and underlie a tubular aggregate myopathy with synaptopathy

Author: Claire-Sophie Davoine, Michel Fardeau, Damien Sternberg, Emmanuel Fournier, Marie-Joséphine Fontenille, Arnaud Lacour, Norma B. Romero, Elodie De Bruyckere, D. Hantai, Julien Messéant, Geoffroy Vellieux, Sophie Nicole, Tanya Stojkovic, Sylvie Sukno, Françoise Bouhour, Jeanine Koenig, S. Bauche, E. Lacène, Pascal Laforêt, Lucie Wolf, Laure Strochlic, Guy Brochier, Bruno Eymard, Aleksandra Nadaj-Pakleza, Frédéric Chevessier, Véronique Manel, Nathalie Streichenberger, Bertrand Fontaine, Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de Myologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant [CHU - HCL] (HFME), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre de reference des maladies neuromusculaires Nantes-Angers, CHU d'Angers et Nantes, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Hôpital neurologique et neurochirurgical Pierre Wertheimer [CHU - HCL], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Roger Salengro [Lille], Centre de référence des maladies rares neuromusculaires, Centre hospitalier de Béthune, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and HAL-UPMC, Gestionnaire
Subjects: Adult, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Weakness, Glycosylation, Neurology, Adolescent, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Sarcoplasm, Neuromuscular Junction, 030105 genetics & heredity, Biology, Neuromuscular junction, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Muscle, Skeletal, Myopathy, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Glutamine-Fructose-6-Phosphate Transaminase (Isomerizing), Myasthenic Syndromes, Congenital, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Middle Aged, Congenital myasthenic syndrome, medicine.disease, Transmembrane protein, 3. Good health, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Female, Synaptopathy, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Follow-Up Studies, Myopathies, Structural, Congenital
Abstract: International audience; Mutations in GFPT1 (glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1), a gene encoding an enzyme involved in glycosylation of ubiquitous proteins, cause a limb-girdle congenital myasthenic syndrome (LG-CMS) with tubular aggregates (TAs) characterized predominantly by affection of the proximal skeletal muscles and presence of highly organized and remodeled sarcoplasmic tubules in patients’ muscle biopsies. We report here the first long-term clinical follow-up of 11 French individuals suffering from LG-CMS with TAs due to GFPT1 mutations, of which nine are new. Our retrospective clinical evaluation stresses an evolution toward a myopathic weakness that occurs concomitantly to ineffectiveness of usual CMS treatments. Analysis of neuromuscular biopsies from three unrelated individuals demonstrates that the maintenance of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) is dramatically impaired with loss of post-synaptic junctional folds and evidence of denervation–reinnervation processes affecting the three main NMJ components. Moreover, molecular analyses of the human muscle biopsies confirm glycosylation defects of proteins with reduced O-glycosylation and show reduced sialylation of transmembrane proteins in extra-junctional area. Altogether, these results pave the way for understanding the etiology of this rare neuromuscular disorder that may be considered as a “tubular aggregates myopathy with synaptopathy”.
Published: 2017
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21. ORAI1 Mutations with Distinct Channel Gating Defects in Tubular Aggregate Myopathy

Author: Monica Bulla, Anastazja Szlauer, Nicolas Demaurex, Maurizio Moggio, Jill E. Urquhart, Anne Boland, Edoardo Malfatti, James O'Sullivan, Christian G. DeGoede, Jocelyn Laporte, Helen Kingston, Marina Mora, Norma B. Romero, Michela Ripolone, Jean-François Deleuze, Catherine Koch, Johann Böhm, Raffaella Violano, William G. Newman, Giovanni Baranello, Timothy Dawson, Simon G. Williams, and John Nixon
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, ORAI1, Mutant, Skeletal muscle, chemistry.chemical_element, STIM1, Calcium, Biology, Cell biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Internal medicine, Genotype, Genetics, medicine, medicine.symptom, Myopathy, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genetics (clinical), Homeostasis
Abstract: Calcium (Ca(2+) ) is a physiological key factor, and the precise modulation of free cytosolic Ca(2+) levels regulates multiple cellular functions. Store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) is a major mechanism controlling Ca(2+) homeostasis, and is mediated by the concerted activity of the Ca(2+) sensor STIM1 and the Ca(2+) channel ORAI1. Dominant gain-of-function mutations in STIM1 or ORAI1 cause tubular aggregate myopathy (TAM) or Stormorken syndrome, while recessive loss-of-function mutations are associated with immunodeficiency. Here we report the identification and functional characterization of novel ORAI1 mutations in TAM patients. We assess basal activity and SOCE of the mutant ORAI1 channels, and we demonstrate that the G98S and V107M mutations generate constitutively permeable ORAI channels, while T184M alters the channel permeability only in the presence of STIM1. These data indicate a mutation-dependent pathomechanism and a genotype/phenotype correlation, as the ORAI1 mutations associated with the most severe symptoms induce the strongest functional cellular effect. Examination of the non-muscle features of our patients strongly suggest that TAM and Stormorken syndrome are spectra of the same disease. Overall, our results emphasize the importance of SOCE in skeletal muscle physiology, and provide new insights in the pathomechanisms involving aberrant Ca(2+) homeostasis and leading to muscle dysfunction. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Published: 2017
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22. HNRNPDL-related muscular dystrophy: expanding the clinical, morphological and MRI phenotypes

Author: Fabio Barroso, Claudia Cejas, Teresinha Evangelista, Mai Thao Bui, Ana Lia Taratuto, Norma B. Romero, Maria Saccoliti, Johann Böhm, Bjarne Udd, Guy Brochier, Alberto Dubrovsky, Xavière Lornage, Andrés Berardo, Jocelyn Laporte, Mridul Johari, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Folkhälsan Research Center, Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurologicas (FLENI), Instituto de Investigaciones Neurologicas, Hospital Universitario Fundacion Favaloro, University of Tampere [Finland], Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Argentina, Limb girdle, Thigh, Biology, 3124 Neurology and psychiatry, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Autophagy, Humans, Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein D0, 030212 general & internal medicine, Muscular dystrophy, Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein D, Myopathy, Rimmed vacuolar myopathy, Aged, Muscle biopsy, medicine.diagnostic_test, LGMDD3 HNRNPDL-related, 3112 Neurosciences, Rimmed vacuoles, HNRNPDL gene, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Pedigree, medicine.anatomical_structure, Phenotype, Neurology, Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle, Mutation, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Distal lower limb muscle weakness, Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy
Abstract: Autosomal dominant limb girdle muscular dystrophy D3 HNRNPDL-related is a rare dominant myopathy caused by mutations in HNRNPDL. Only three unrelated families have been described worldwide, a Brazilian and a Chinese carrying the mutation c.1132G>A p.(Asp378Asn), and one Uruguayan with the mutation c.1132G>C p. (Asp378His), both mutations occurring in the same codon. The present study enlarges the clinical, morphological and muscle MRI spectrum of AD-HNRNPDL-related myopathies demonstrating the significant particularities of the disease. We describe two new unrelated Argentinean families, carrying the previously reported c.1132G>C p.(Asp378His) HNRNPDL mutation. There was a wide phenotypic spectrum including oligo-symptomatic cases, pure limb girdle muscle involvement or distal lower limb muscle weakness. Scapular winging was the most common finding, observed in all patients. Muscle MRIs of the thigh, at different stages of the disease, showed particular involvement of adductor magnus and vastus besides a constant preservation of the rectus femoris and the adductor longus muscles, defining a novel MRI pattern. Muscle biopsy findings were characterized by the presence of numerous rimmed vacuoles, cytoplasmic bodies, and abundant autophagic material at the histochemistry and ultrastructural levels. HNRNPDL-related LGMD D3 results in a wide range of clinical phenotypes from the classic proximal form of LGMD to a more distal phenotype. Thigh MRI suggests a specific pattern. Codon 378 of HNRNPDL gene can be considered a mutation hotspot for HNRNPDL-related myopathy. Pathologically, the disease can be classified among the autophagic rimmed vacuolar myopathies as with the other multisystem proteinopathies.
Published: 2019
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23. Human diaphragm atrophy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is not predicted by routine respiratory measures

Author: Christian Straus, Gaëlle Bruneteau, Fabrice Menegaux, Thomas Similowski, François Salachas, David Akbar, Raquel Guimarães-Costa, Mai Thao Bui, Norma B. Romero, Capucine Morélot-Panzini, Isabelle Rivals, Jésus Gonzalez-Bermejo, Marie-Cécile Niérat, Patrick P. Michel, Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Médicale [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière] (Département ' R3S '), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Equipe de Statistique Appliquée (UMRS 1158) (ESA), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique (UMRS 1158), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique (UMRS 1158), Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Chirurgie Générale, Viscérale et Endocrinienne [CHU Pitié-Sapêtrière], Service de Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de neurologie 1 [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Biopsy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Diaphragm, Vital Capacity, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Functional residual capacity, Atrophy, Internal medicine, medicine, Respiratory muscle, Humans, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Respiratory system, Electrodes, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ultrasonography, Muscle Weakness, business.industry, Respiration, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Middle Aged, [SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, musculoskeletal system, medicine.disease, Respiratory Muscles, Diaphragm (structural system), Respiratory Function Tests, Diaphragm pacing, 030228 respiratory system, Respiratory failure, Adipose Tissue, Cardiology, Regression Analysis, Female, business, Respiratory Insufficiency, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients show progressive respiratory muscle weakness leading to death from respiratory failure. However, there are no data on diaphragm histological changes in ALS patients and how they correlate with routine respiratory measurements.We collected 39 diaphragm biopsies concomitantly with laparoscopic insertion of intradiaphragmatic electrodes during a randomised controlled trial evaluating early diaphragm pacing in ALS (https://clinicaltrials.gov; NCT01583088). Myofibre type, size and distribution were evaluated by immunofluorescence microscopy and correlated with spirometry, respiratory muscle strength and phrenic nerve conduction parameters. The relationship between these variables and diaphragm atrophy was assessed using multivariate regression models.All patients exhibited significant slow- and fast-twitch diaphragmatic atrophy. Vital capacity (VC), maximal inspiratory pressure, sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (SNIP) and twitch transdiaphragmatic pressure did not correlate with the severity of diaphragm atrophy. Inspiratory capacity (IC) correlated modestly with slow-twitch myofibre atrophy. Supine fall in VC correlated weakly with fast-twitch myofibre atrophy. Multivariate analysis showed that IC, SNIP and functional residual capacity were independent predictors of slow-twitch diaphragmatic atrophy, but not fast-twitch atrophy.Routine respiratory tests are poor predictors of diaphragm structural changes. Improved detection of diaphragm atrophy is essential for clinical practice and for management of trials specifically targeting diaphragm muscle function.
Published: 2019
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24. Deep morphological analysis of muscle biopsies from type III glycogenesis (GSDIII), debranching enzyme deficiency, revealed stereotyped vacuolar myopathy and autophagy impairment

Author: Philippe Labrune, José C. Milisenda, Sarah Leonard-Louis, Thomas Krag, Benedikt Schoser, Louisa Jauze, Aleksandra Nadaj-Pakleza, Giuseppe Ronzitti, Claire Lefeuvre, Guy Brochier, Sabrina Sacconi, Ichizo Nishino, Federico Mingozzi, Carola Hedberg-Oldfors, Michio Inoue, Edoardo Malfatti, François Petit, Evelyne Goillot, Umut Cagin, Nathalie Streichenberger, Clémence Labasse, A. Madelaine, Julien Fabregue, John Vissing, Pascal Laforêt, Anders Oldfors, Norma B. Romero, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen], Copenhagen University Hospital, Nutrition, diabète et cerveau (NUDICE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Référence Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme Hépatique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Antoine Béclère [Clamart], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Centre de référence des maladies rares neuromusculaires, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Approches génétiques intégrées et nouvelles thérapies pour les maladies rares (INTEGRARE), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Généthon, Université de Bordeaux (UB), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), ANR-17-CE18-0014,TRACeGSDIII,Optimisation translationnelle d'un vecteur AAV pour le traitement de GSDIII(2017), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Unit of Neuromuscular Morphology [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nutrition, diabète et cerveau, Centre de recherche en myologie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Généthon-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), and University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)
Subjects: Male, Pathology, Biopsy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Sarcoplasm, Glycogen storage disease type III, lcsh:RC346-429, Glycogen Storage Disease Type III, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Metabolic myopathies, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, Glycogen, medicine.diagnostic_test, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, Glycogenesis, Female, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Biology, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Glycogen debranching enzyme, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Autophagy, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Animals, Humans, Glycogen storage disease III, Muscle, Skeletal, lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, Muscle biopsy, Research, Autophagic impairment, Skeletal muscle, Myopathology, medicine.disease, Disease Models, Animal, Muscle glycogenosis, chemistry, Vacuoles, Neurology (clinical), 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Glycogen storage disorder type III (GSDIII), or debranching enzyme (GDE) deficiency, is a rare metabolic disorder characterized by variable liver, cardiac, and skeletal muscle involvement. GSDIII manifests with liver symptoms in infancy and muscle involvement during early adulthood. Muscle biopsy is mainly performed in patients diagnosed in adulthood, as routine diagnosis relies on blood or liver GDE analysis, followed by AGL gene sequencing. The GSDIII mouse model recapitulate the clinical phenotype in humans, and a nearly full rescue of muscle function was observed in mice treated with the dual AAV vector expressing the GDE transgene. In order to characterize GSDIII muscle morphological spectrum and identify novel disease markers and pathways, we performed a large international multicentric morphological study on 30 muscle biopsies from GSDIII patients. Autophagy flux studies were performed in human muscle biopsies and muscles from GSDIII mice. The human muscle biopsies revealed a typical and constant vacuolar myopathy, characterized by multiple and variably sized vacuoles filled with PAS-positive material. Using electron microscopy, we confirmed the presence of large non-membrane bound sarcoplasmic deposits of normally structured glycogen as well as smaller rounded sac structures lined by a continuous double membrane containing only glycogen, corresponding to autophagosomes. A consistent SQSTM1/p62 decrease and beclin-1 increase in human muscle biopsies suggested an enhanced autophagy. Consistent with this, an increase in the lipidated form of LC3, LC3II was found in patients compared to controls. A decrease in SQSTM1/p62 was also found in the GSDIII mouse model. In conclusion, we characterized the morphological phenotype in GSDIII muscle and demonstrated dysfunctional autophagy in GSDIII human samples. These findings suggest that autophagic modulation combined with gene therapy might be considered as a novel treatment for GSDIII.
Published: 2019
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25. 1st ENMC European meeting : the EURO-NMD pathology working group Recommended Standards for Muscle Pathology Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 7 December 2018

Author: Martin Lammens, Hans-Hilmar Goebel, Teresinha Evangelista, Benno Küsters, Caroline Sewry, Norma B. Romero, Anders Oldfors, Werner Stenzel, Montse Olivé, and Bjarne Udd
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Muscles, Histological Techniques, MEDLINE, Neuromuscular Diseases, Disorders of movement Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 3], Specimen Handling, Europe, Microscopy, Electron, Muscle pathology, Neurology, Internal medicine, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine, Humans, Neurology (clinical), Human medicine, business, Genetics (clinical)
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 208457.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access)
Published: 2019

26. P.113 Phenotype, genetics and natural history in 131 SEPN1-related myopathy patients: towards clinical trial readiness

Author: Haluk Topaloglu, Rocio N. Villar-Quiles, Ulrike Schara, Susana Quijano-Roy, Luciano Merlini, Pascale Richard, Nathalie Goemans, Sandra Donkervoort, Ana Ferreiro, Anna Fidziańska, V. Gonzalez, David Orlikowski, Michel Fardeau, Carsten G. Bönnemann, M. Mayer, Corinne Metay, Brigitte Estournet, M. de Visser, M. von der Hagen, and Norma B. Romero
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Medizin, Natural history, Clinical trial, Neurology, Internal medicine, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, Myopathy, business, Genetics (clinical)
Published: 2019

27. Sarcomeric disorganization and nemaline bodies in muscle biopsies of patients with EXOSC3-related type 1 pontocerebellar hypoplasia

Author: Eduardo F. Tizzano, Miguel M. Pinto, Jocelyn Laporte, Edoardo Malfatti, Michel Fardeau, Xavière Lornage, Clémence Labasse, Fabiana Lubieniecki, Soledad Monges, Laura Alias, Norma B. Romero, and A. Madelaine
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, Biopsy, Pontocerebellar hypoplasia, Context (language use), 030105 genetics & heredity, Myopathies, Nemaline, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), medicine, Humans, congenital hypotonia, Nemaline bodies, Muscle, Skeletal, nemaline bodies, Muscle biopsy, medicine.diagnostic_test, Exosome Multienzyme Ribonuclease Complex, non-5q spinal muscular atrophy, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, RNA-Binding Proteins, Sarcoma, medicine.disease, Type 1 pontocerebellar hypoplasia, EXOSC3 gene, Neonatal hypotonia, Child, Preschool, Mutation, Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies, sarcomeric disorganization, Cerebellar atrophy, Female, Neurology (clinical), Myofibril, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Congenital disorder
Abstract: Introduction Mutations in the EXOSC3 gene are responsible for type 1 pontocerebellar hypoplasia, an autosomal recessive congenital disorder characterized by cerebellar atrophy, developmental delay, and anterior horn motor neuron degeneration. Muscle biopsies of these patients often show characteristics resembling classic spinal muscle atrophy, but to date, no distinct features have been identified. Methods Clinical data and muscle biopsy findings of 3 unrelated patients with EXOSC3 mutations are described. Results All patients presented as a severe congenital cognitive and neuromuscular phenotype with short survival, harboring the same point mutation (c.92G>C; p.Gly31Ala). Muscle biopsies consistently showed variable degrees of sarcomeric disorganization with myofibrillar remnants, Z-line thickening, and small nemaline bodies. Conclusions In this uniform genetic cohort of patients with EXOSC3 mutations, sarcomeric disruption and rod structures were prominent features of muscle biopsies. In the context of neonatal hypotonia, ultrastructural studies might provide early clues for the diagnosis of EXOSC3-related pontocerebellar hypoplasia. Muscle Nerve 59:137-141, 2019.
Published: 2019

28. Dusty core disease (DuCD): expanding morphological spectrum of RYR1 recessive myopathies

Author: Guy Brochier, Julien Fauré, Jocelyn Laporte, Clémence Labasse, Isabelle Marty, Jorge A. Bevilacqua, Ana Lia Taratuto, Emmanuelle Lacène, Julie Brocard, Edoardo Malfatti, Maud Beuvin, Giovanni Antonini, John Rendu, Soledad Monges, A. Madelaine, Matteo Garibaldi, Fabiana Lubieniecki, Norma B. Romero, Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unit of Neuromuscular Morphology [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Myologie, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Médecine (SU FM), Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], Handicap neuromusculaire : Physiopathologie, Biothérapie et Pharmacologies appliquées (END-ICAP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia [Buenos Aires] (FLENI), FLENI, Institut de génétique et biologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IGBMC), Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), [GIN] Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, muscle, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:RC346-429, centronuclear myopathy, 0302 clinical medicine, cohort studies, newborn, congenital myopathy, middle aged, genes, humans, child, medicine.diagnostic_test, adult, ryanodine receptor calcium release channel, musculoskeletal system, skeletal, muscular diseases, aged, female, entral core disease, dusty core disease, ryanodine receptor, RYR1 recessive, adolescent, biopsy, child, preschool, genes, recessive, infant, infant, newborn, male, muscle, skeletal, young adult, Child, Preschool, Immunohistochemistry, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], medicine.symptom, medicine.medical_specialty, Genes, Recessive, Biology, preschool, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Lesion, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Central Core Disease, medicine, Centronuclear myopathy, Muscle, Skeletal, lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RYR1, Muscle biopsy, Research, Infant, Newborn, recessive, medicine.disease, Congenital myopathy, 030104 developmental biology, Neurology (clinical), Myofibril, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Central core disease
Abstract: Several morphological phenotypes have been associated to RYR1-recessive myopathies. We recharacterized the RYR1-recessive morphological spectrum by a large monocentric study performed on 54 muscle biopsies from a large cohort of 48 genetically confirmed patients, using histoenzymology, immunohistochemistry, and ultrastructural studies. We also analysed the level of RyR1 expression in patients’ muscle biopsies. We defined “dusty cores” the irregular areas of myofibrillar disorganisation characterised by a reddish-purple granular material deposition with uneven oxidative stain and devoid of ATPase activity, which represent the characteristic lesion in muscle biopsy in 54% of patients. We named Dusty Core Disease (DuCD) the corresponding entity of congenital myopathy. Dusty cores had peculiar histological and ultrastructural characteristics compared to the other core diseases. DuCD muscle biopsies also showed nuclear centralization and type1 fibre predominance. Dusty cores were not observed in other core myopathies and centronuclear myopathies. The other morphological groups in our cohort of patients were: Central Core (CCD: 21%), Core-Rod (C&R:15%) and Type1 predominance “plus” (T1P+:10%). DuCD group was associated to an earlier disease onset, a more severe clinical phenotype and a lowest level of RyR1 expression in muscle, compared to the other groups. Variants located in the bridge solenoid and the pore domains were more frequent in DuCD patients. In conclusion, DuCD is the most frequent histopathological presentation of RYR1-recessive myopathies. Dusty cores represent the unifying morphological lesion among the DuCD pathology spectrum and are the morphological hallmark for the recessive form of disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40478-018-0655-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2019
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29. Severe asymmetric muscle weakness revealing glycogenin-1 polyglucosan body myopathy

Author: François Petit, Anais Chanut, Tanya Stojkovic, A. Madelaine, Norma B. Romero, Edoardo Malfatti, and Pascal Laforêt
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, GLYCOGEN STORAGE DISEASE XV, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Glycogenin, Physiology, business.industry, Muscle weakness, 030105 genetics & heredity, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), medicine, Neurology (clinical), POLYGLUCOSAN BODY MYOPATHY 2, medicine.symptom, Myopathy, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Published: 2017
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30. A novel PHKA1 mutation associating myopathy and cognitive impairment: Expanding the spectrum of phosphorylase kinase b (PhK) deficiency

Author: Norma B. Romero, Jean-Yves Hogrel, Francois Michael Petit, Michela Bisciglia, Tanya Stojkovic, Roseline Froissart, Magali Pettazzoni, and Anne Laure Bedat-Millet
Subjects: myalgia, medicine.medical_specialty, Phosphorylase Kinase, Exercise intolerance, medicine.disease_cause, Muscle hypertrophy, 03 medical and health sciences, Glycogen phosphorylase, 0302 clinical medicine, Muscular Diseases, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Cognitive Dysfunction, 030212 general & internal medicine, Phosphorylase kinase, Myopathy, Mutation, business.industry, Myoglobinuria, Glycogen Storage Disease, medicine.disease, Endocrinology, Neurology, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Muscle phosphorylase kinase b deficiency (PhK) is a rare disorder of glycogen metabolism characterized by exercise-induced myalgia and cramps, myoglobinuria and progressive muscle weakness. PhK deficiency is due to mutations in the PHKA1 gene inherited in an X-linked manner and is associated to glycogenosis type VIII (GSD VIII also called GSD IXd). PHKA1 gene codes for the αM subunit of the PhK, a multimeric protein complex responsible for the control of glycogen breakdown in muscle. Until now, few patients have been reported with X-linked recessive muscle PhK deficiency due to PHKA1 mutations. All reported patients presented with exercise intolerance and mild myopathy and one of them had cognitive impairment, leading to speculate about a central nervous system involvement in GSD VIII. Here we report in a sibling a novel mutation in the PHKA1 gene associated with a progressive myopathy, exercise intolerance, muscle hypertrophy and cognitive impairment as an associated feature. This report expands the genetic and clinical spectrum of the extremely rare PHKA1-related PhK deficiency and presents new evidences about its involvement in brain development.
Published: 2021
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31. A novel gain-of-function mutation inORAI1causes late-onset tubular aggregate myopathy and congenital miosis

Author: Sabrina Sacconi, Pierfrancesco Ottaviani, Francesco Laschena, Beatrice Riva, Giovanni Antonini, Guy Brochier, Enrico Bertini, Elisa Vizzaccaro, Armando A. Genazzani, Matteo Garibaldi, Clémence Labasse, Norma B. Romero, and Fabiana Fattori
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, biology, Myogenesis, Late onset, Asymptomatic, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Thrombocytopathy, Genetics, medicine, biology.protein, Missense mutation, Creatine kinase, Congenital miosis, medicine.symptom, Myopathy, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genetics (clinical)
Abstract: We present three members of an Italian family affected by tubular aggregate myopathy (TAM) and congenital miosis harboring a novel missense mutation in ORAI1. All patients had a mild, late onset TAM revealed by asymptomatic creatine kinase (CK) elevation and congenital miosis consistent with a Stormorken-like Syndrome, in the absence of thrombocytopathy. Muscle biopsies showed classical histological findings but ultrastructural analysis revealed atypical tubular aggregates (TAs). The whole body muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a similar pattern of muscle involvement that correlated with clinical severity. The lower limbs were more severely affected than the scapular girdle, and thighs were more affected than legs. Molecular analysis revealed a novel c.290C>G (p.S97C) mutation in ORAI1 in all affected patients. Functional assays in both human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells and myotubes showed an increased rate of Ca2+ entry due to a constitutive activation of the CRAC channel, consistent with a 'gain-of-function' mutation. In conclusion, we describe an Italian family harboring a novel heterozygous c.290C>G (p.S97C) mutation in ORAI1 causing a mild- and late-onset TAM and congenital miosis via constitutive activation of the CRAC channel. Our findings extend the clinical and genetic spectrum of the ORAI1-related TAM.
Published: 2016
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32. Nemaline myopathies: State of the art

Author: Edoardo Malfatti and Norma B. Romero
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Weakness, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Muscle biopsy, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Biopsy, Skeletal muscle, Muscle weakness, Myopathies, Nemaline, medicine.disease, Congenital myopathy, Hypotonia, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Nemaline myopathy, Neurology, Humans, Medicine, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, Nemaline bodies
Abstract: Nemaline myopathy (NM) is one of the most common forms of congenital myopathy. The condition is defined by the histopathological finding of nemaline bodies (rods) on muscle biopsy and is associated with hypotonia and muscle weakness. The clinical spectrum encompasses lethal forms presenting in the neonatal period with profound weakness and less severe congenital diseases of later onset. NM is significantly heterogeneous from a genetic point of view, and its inheritance can be autosomal-dominant (AD), sporadic or autosomal-recessive (AR). To date, 11 genes encoding proteins of skeletal muscle thin filaments, Kelch domain-associated proteins and an unconventional myosin have been implicated in NM. The mechanisms leading to nemaline body formation and muscle weakness are still largely unclear. This report reviews the clinical, histopathological and genetic features of NM, with a focus on some of the recently discovered forms.
Published: 2016
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33. Pediatric laminopathies: Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging fingerprint and comparison with Sepn1 myopathy

Author: Susana Quijano-Roy, Viviane Azzi, Pascale Richard, Dominique Mompoint, Gisèle Bonne, Jean Bergounioux, Brigitte Estournet, Robert Yves-Carlier, Ivana Dabaj, Karolina Hankiewicz, David Gómez-Andrés, Christine Ioos, Rabah Ben Yaou, and Norma B. Romero
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, Whole body imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Atrophy, Physiology (medical), medicine, Myopathy, integumentary system, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Dystrophy, Magnetic resonance imaging, Anatomy, musculoskeletal system, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Medius, 030104 developmental biology, Flexor Digitorum Longus, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, Abnormality, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Introduction We sought to define the whole-body MRI (WB-MRI) fingerprint of muscle involvement in pediatric LMNA-related dystrophy (LMNA-RD) and to compare it with SEPN1-related myopathy (SEPN1-RM). Methods Signal abnormality and atrophy in 109 muscles were scored by semiquantitative scales in 8 children with LMNA-RD and represented by heatmaps. These features were compared with those from 9 SEPN1-RM patients by random forests. Results LMNA-RD showed predominant signal abnormalities in erector spinae, serratus anterior, subscapularis, gluteus medius and minimus, vastii, adductor magnus and longus, semimembranosus, medial gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles. Psoas, sternocleidomastoid, gracilis, and sartorius muscles often had normal signal but showed atrophy. Cranial, flexor digitorum longus, and tibialis posterior muscles were spared. According to random forests, atrophied semimembranosus in SEPN1-RM was the most relevant feature to distinguish these patients from LMNA-RD. Conclusions A selective pattern in WB-MRI for pediatric LMNA-RD exists and can be differentiated from SEPN1-RM by machine learning. Muscle Nerve 54: 192-202, 2016.
Published: 2016
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34. Core-rod myopathy due to a novel mutation in BTB/POZ domain of KBTBD13 manifesting as late onset LGMD

Author: Guy Brochier, Enrico Bertini, Giovanni Antonini, Margherita Verardo, Carmen Paradas, Marcello Pinti, Norma B. Romero, Salvatore Raffa, Emilia Servián-Morilla, Giulia Di Rocco, Matteo Garibaldi, Lara Gibellini, Fabiana Fattori, Carlo Augusto Bortolotti, Clémence Labasse, and Elena Maria Pennisi
Subjects: Male, Models, Molecular, 0301 basic medicine, Central core myopathy, Congenital myopathies, Core-rod myopathy, KBTBD13, LGMD, Nemaline myopathy, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Muscle Proteins, Late onset, Biology, lcsh:RC346-429, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Progressive proximal muscle weakness, Muscle, Skeletal, Myopathy, BTB/POZ domain, Letter to the Editor, Creatine Kinase, lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, Aged, RYR1, Muscle biopsy, medicine.diagnostic_test, NAD, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Microscopy, Electron, 030104 developmental biology, Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle, BTB-POZ Domain, Mutation, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, Novel mutation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Few genes (RYR1, NEB, ACTA1, CFL2, KBTBD13) have been associated with core-rod congenital myopathies [7]. KBTBD13 belongs to the Kelch-repeat super-family of proteins and is implicated in the ubiquitination pathway. Dominant mutations in KBTBD13 have been associated with a peculiar form of core-rod myopathy (NEM6) so far [10]. Childhood onset, slowly progressive proximal muscle weakness with characteristic slowness of movements and combination of nemaline rods, irregular shaped cores and unusual type2 fibres hypotrophy at muscle biopsy, were the main characteristics shared in all the affected members of the four KBTBD13 families reported in the literature [12]. We report on a 65 years old patient, of Sardinian origin, with atypical clinical and morphological presentation of NEM6 due to a novel mutation in KBTBD13 gene.
Published: 2018
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35. Some DNM2 mutations cause extremely severe congenital myopathy and phenocopy myotubular myopathy

Author: Valérie Biancalana, Anders Oldfors, Maria Gardberg, Norma B. Romero, Edoardo Malfatti, Jocelyn Laporte, Janne Kataja, Inger Johanne Thuestad, Delphine Héron, Jaakko Ignatius, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nouvel Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Skane University Hospital [Malmo], Lund University [Lund], Turku University Hospital (TYKS), University of Gothenburg (GU), and univOAK, Archive ouverte
Subjects: Dynamins, Male, Models, Molecular, 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, MTM1, Hypotonia, 030105 genetics & heredity, lcsh:RC346-429, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Dynamin II, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Myotubular Myopathy, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Centronuclear myopathy, Muscle, Skeletal, Letter to the Editor, lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, Phenocopy, Congenital myopathy, business.industry, Infant, DNM2, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Mutation, Mutation (genetic algorithm), Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Myopathies, Structural, Congenital
Abstract: No abstract available
Published: 2018
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36. Dilated cardiomyopathy and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy due to novel pathogenic variants in the DPM3 gene

Author: Nathalie Seta, Thierry Dupré, R. Menassa, J. Svahn, T. Stojkovic, Arnaud Bruneel, L. Michel-Calemard, Christophe Vial, Norma B. Romero, C. Bouchet-Seraphin, Nathalie Streichenberger, and Pascal Laforêt
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Cardiomyopathy, Dilated, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Mutation, Missense, Gene mutation, Mannosyltransferases, 03 medical and health sciences, Exon, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation, medicine, Missense mutation, Humans, Muscular dystrophy, Age of Onset, Muscle, Skeletal, Gene, Genetics (clinical), chemistry.chemical_classification, business.industry, Transferrin, Genetic Variation, Membrane Proteins, Dilated cardiomyopathy, Exons, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 030104 developmental biology, Neurology, chemistry, Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy
Abstract: Deficiency of Dolichol-P-mannose synthase subunit 3 (DPM3) affects the N-glycosylation and O-mannosylation pathways that are respectively involved in congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) and alpha-dystroglycanopathies. Herein, we describe novel pathogenic variants in the DPM3 gene in two unrelated male patients. They developed dilated cardiomyopathy in their late teens, limb-girdle muscular dystrophy - one patient in childhood and the other in adulthood. In both patients, next generation sequencing found in the DPM3 gene a heterozygous deletion and a heterozygous pathogenic missense mutation in exon 2 (c.41T>C, p.Leu14Pro). Electrophoresis of serum transferrin found an abnormal N-glycosylation profile suggestive of CDG type 1 (decreased tetrasialotransferrin, increased disialo- and asialotransferrin). Only two cases of DPM3 gene mutations with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy have been reported previously. The present study highlights several aspects related to DPM3 gene mutations such as mild to moderately severe limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, dilated cardiomyopathy, and abnormal N-glycosylation profile suggestive of CDG type 1.
Published: 2018

37. A Roma founder BIN1 mutation causes a novel phenotype of centronuclear myopathy with rigid spine

Author: Eloy Rivas, Juan J. Vílchez, Cristina Domínguez, Nigel G. Laing, Valérie Biancalana, Pablo Quiroga, Montse Olivé, Aurelio Hernández-Lain, Fabiola Mavillard, Macarena Cabrera-Serrano, Eduardo Khan, Luba Kalaydjieva, Nuria Muelas, Carmen Paradas, Jocelyn Laporte, Alejandra Carvajal, Jordi Díaz-Manera, Norma B. Romero, Bharti Morar, Mark M. Davis, David Comas, Rainiero Ávila, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla [Sevilla, Spain] (IBIS/HUVR), Universidad de Sevilla-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío [Sevilla], The University of Western Australia (UWA), Health Research Institute [Madrid, Espagne], L’Hospitalet de Llobregat [Barcelona, Spain], CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía (Cartagena), Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves [Granada, Spain] (HUVN), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Immunologie humaine, physiopathologie & immunothérapie (HIPI (UMR_S_976 / U976)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPC), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), Universidad de Sevilla / University of Sevilla-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: Adult, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Roma, Neuromuscular disease, Adolescent, Population, Mallory Bodies, Compound heterozygosity, Article, Muscular Dystrophies, Cohort Studies, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Centronuclear myopathy, Child, education, Prospective cohort study, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Retrospective Studies, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Haplotype, Nuclear Proteins, Retrospective cohort study, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Founder Effect, Phenotype, 030104 developmental biology, Scoliosis, Spain, Mutation, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Myopathies, Structural, Congenital, Founder effect
Abstract: ObjectiveTo describe a large series of BIN1 patients, in which a novel founder mutation in the Roma population of southern Spain has been identified.MethodsPatients diagnosed with centronuclear myopathy (CNM) at 5 major reference centers for neuromuscular disease in Spain (n = 53) were screened for BIN1 mutations. Clinical, histologic, radiologic, and genetic features were analyzed.ResultsEighteen patients from 13 families carried the p.Arg234Cys variant; 16 of them were homozygous for it and 2 had compound heterozygous p.Arg234Cys/p.Arg145Cys mutations. Both BIN1 variants have only been identified in Roma, causing 100% of CNM in this ethnic group in our cohort. The haplotype analysis confirmed all families are related. In addition to clinical features typical of CNM, such as proximal limb weakness and ophthalmoplegia, most patients in our cohort presented with prominent axial weakness, often associated with rigid spine. Severe fat replacement of paravertebral muscles was demonstrated by muscle imaging. This phenotype seems to be specific to the p.Arg234Cys mutation, not reported in other BIN1 mutations. Extreme clinical variability was observed in the 2 compound heterozygous patients for the p.Arg234Cys/p.Arg145Cys mutations, from a congenital onset with catastrophic outcome to a late-onset disease. Screening of European Roma controls (n = 758) for the p.Arg234Cys variant identified a carrier frequency of 3.5% among the Spanish Roma.ConclusionWe have identified a BIN1 founder Roma mutation associated with a highly specific phenotype, which is, from the present cohort, the main cause of CNM in Spain.
Published: 2018
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38. Phenotype and genotype of muscle ryanodine receptor rhabdomyolysis-myalgia syndrome

Author: Nicol C. Voermans, Nanna Witting, Norma B. Romero, John Rendu, Erik-Jan Kamsteeg, F. Bompaire, Nathalie Roux-Buisson, Morten Duno, Pascal Laforêt, Nanna S. Poulsen, John Vissing, F. Feillet, Anthony Behin, Julia R. Dahlqvist, and Julien Fauré
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, myalgia, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Genotype, Denmark, Population, Gastroenterology, Sensory disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 12], Rhabdomyolysis, Muscle hypertrophy, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center, Internal medicine, Medicine, Humans, education, Child, Myositis, Netherlands, RYR1, education.field_of_study, biology, business.industry, Malignant hyperthermia, Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel, General Medicine, Myalgia, Syndrome, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Disorders of movement Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 3], 030104 developmental biology, Phenotype, Neurology, Mutation, biology.protein, Creatine kinase, Female, Neurology (clinical), France, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Objectives Rhabdomyolysis and myalgia are common conditions, and mutation in the ryanodine receptor 1 gene (RYR1) is suggested to be a common cause. Due to the large size of RYR1, however, sequencing has not been widely accessible before the recent advent of next-generation sequencing technology and limited phenotypic descriptions are therefore available. Material & methods We present the medical history, clinical and ancillary findings of patients with RYR1 mutations and rhabdomyolysis and myalgia identified in Denmark, France and The Netherlands. Results Twenty-two patients with recurrent rhabdomyolysis (CK > 10 000) or myalgia with hyperCKemia (>1.5 × ULN) and a RYR1 mutation were identified. One had mild wasting of the quadriceps muscle, but none had fixed weakness. Symptoms varied from being restricted to intense exercise to limiting ADL function. One patient developed transient kidney failure during rhabdomyolysis. Two received immunosuppressants on suspicion of myositis. None had episodes of malignant hyperthermia. Muscle biopsies were normal, but CT/MRI showed muscle hypertrophy in most. Delay from first symptom to diagnosis was 12 years on average. Fifteen different dominantly inherited mutations were identified. Ten were previously described as pathogenic and 5 were novel, but rare/absent from the background population, and predicted to be pathogenic by in silico analyses. Ten of the mutations were reported to give malignant hyperthermia susceptibility. Conclusion Mutations in RYR1 should be considered as a significant cause of rhabdomyolysis and myalgia syndrome in patients with the characteristic combination of rhabdomyolysis, myalgia and cramps, creatine kinase elevation, no weakness and often muscle hypertrophy.
Published: 2018
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39. STAC3 variants cause a congenital myopathy with distinctive dysmorphic features and malignant hyperthermia susceptibility

Author: Mark R. Davis, Glyn Williams, Irina Zaharieva, Lucy Feng, Helge Amthor, Adnan Y. Manzur, Muriel Holder, Gina L. O'Grady, Caroline Sewry, Gemma Poke, Julien Fauré, Carsten G. Bönnemann, Pinki Munot, Sandra Donkervoort, Susan Treves, Sabrina W. Yum, A. Reghan Foley, Edmar Zanoteli, Joanne Dixon, Livija Medne, Juliet Taylor, Anna Sarkozy, E. Malfatti, John Rendu, Christoph Bachmann, J. Andoni Urtizberea, Susana Quijano-Roy, Francesco Muntoni, Christopher John Holmes, Laurent Servais, Rahul Phadke, Norma B. Romero, Laila Bastaki, Osorio Abath Neto, and Heinz Jungbluth
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, STAC3, Adolescent, Myotonia Congenita, malignant hyperthermia, Biology, Compound heterozygosity, Severity of Illness Index, NO, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Exome Sequencing, Severity of illness, congenital myopathy, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Child, Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits, Excitation Contraction Coupling, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Sarcolemma, Malignant hyperthermia, Infant, Skeletal muscle, excitation–contraction coupling, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Congenital myopathy, Pedigree, 3. Good health, Protein Transport, Sarcoplasmic Reticulum, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Amino Acid Substitution, Child, Preschool, Calcium, Female, Protein Binding
Abstract: SH3 and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein 3 (STAC3) is an essential component of the skeletal muscle excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) machinery, though its role and function are not yet completely understood. Here, we report 18 patients carrying a homozygous p.(Trp284Ser) STAC3 variant in addition to a patient compound heterozygous for the p.(Trp284Ser) and a novel splice site change (c.997-1G > T). Clinical severity ranged from prenatal onset with severe features at birth, to a milder and slowly progressive congenital myopathy phenotype. A malignant hyperthermia (MH)-like reaction had occurred in several patients. The functional analysis demonstrated impaired ECC. In particular, KCl-induced membrane depolarization resulted in significantly reduced sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release. Co-immunoprecipitation of STAC3 with CaV 1.1 in patients and control muscle samples showed that the protein interaction between STAC3 and CaV 1.1 was not significantly affected by the STAC3 variants. This study demonstrates that STAC3 gene analysis should be included in the diagnostic work up of patients of any ethnicity presenting with congenital myopathy, in particular if a history of MH-like episodes is reported. While the precise pathomechanism remains to be elucidated, our functional characterization of STAC3 variants revealed that defective ECC is not a result of CaV 1.1 sarcolemma mislocalization or impaired STAC3-CaV 1.1 interaction.
Published: 2018

40. Diseases of the skeletal muscle

Author: Edoardo Malfatti and Norma B. Romero
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Muscle biopsy, medicine.diagnostic_test, Skeletal muscle, The Renaissance, Biology, Pathogenicity, Muscle histology, Protein expression, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, medicine, Histopathology, Identification (biology), 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: After the advances created by the use of cryostat sections and histochemistry 60 years ago, muscle histopathology is now living a real renaissance. In the field of genetic neuromuscular disorders, muscle biopsy analysis is fundamental to address questions about pathogenicity and protein expression when new genes are discovered through next-generation sequencing approaches. Moreover, the identification of the same gene mutated in previously considered distinct histopathologic entities imposes a constant reassessment of morphologic boundaries in several groups of disorders. In other fields like the acquired inflammatory myopathies, histologic analysis nowadays helps to affirm a diagnosis, set up therapeutic strategies, and verify the success of immunosuppressive treatment. In this exciting scenario morphologists are definitely key figures in the neuromuscular field. The objective of this chapter is to give an overview on morphology of the most frequent and recently identified muscle conditions, stressing the importance that only a combined analysis of clinical findings, muscle histology, and specific ancillary investigations is effective in reaching a precise diagnosis and orienting therapy.
Published: 2018
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41. Clinical heterogeneity and phenotype/genotype findings in 5 families with &ITGYG1&IT deficiency

Author: Rabah Ben Yaou, David Gaist, Marc Bartoli, John Vissing, Julia R. Dahlqvist, Gisèle Bonne, Pascal Laforêt, Frédéric Parisot, Philippe Labrune, Philippe Petiot, Isabelle Nelson, Aurélie Hubert, Bruno Eymard, Morten Duno, Robert Carlier, Thomas O. Krag, Martin Krahn, Fabrice Michel, Maud Beuvin, François Petit, Norma B. Romero, Nathalie Streichenberger, Edoardo Malfatti, Mathieu Cerino, Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle (GMGF), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de génétique médicale [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), AP-HP - Hôpital Antoine Béclère [Clamart], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Laboratoire de biologie et modélisation de la cellule (LBMC UMR 5239), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Ben Yaou, Rabah
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Weakness, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Vacuole, Disease, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Biology, Compound heterozygosity, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Journal Article, Gene, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, chemistry.chemical_classification, Glycogen, 030104 developmental biology, Enzyme, chemistry, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Objective:To describe the variability of muscle symptoms in patients carrying mutations in the GYG1 gene, encoding glycogenin-1, an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of glycogen, and to discuss genotype-phenotype relations.Methods:We describe 9 patients from 5 families in whom muscle biopsies showed vacuoles with an abnormal accumulation of glycogen in muscle fibers, partially α-amylase resistant suggesting polyglucosan bodies. The patients had either progressive early-onset limb-girdle weakness or late-onset distal or scapuloperoneal muscle affection as shown by muscle imaging. No clear definite cardiac disease was found. Histologic and protein analysis investigations were performed on muscle.Results:Genetic analyses by direct or exome sequencing of the GYG1 gene revealed 6 different GYG1 mutations. Four of the mutations were novel. They were compound heterozygous in 3 families and homozygous in 2. Protein analysis revealed either the absence of glycogenin-1 or reduced glycogenin-1 expression with impaired glucosylation.Conclusions:Our report extends the genetic and clinical spectrum of glycogenin-1–related myopathies to include scapuloperoneal and distal affection with glycogen accumulation.
Published: 2017
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42. Cylindrical spirals associated with severe congenital muscle weakness and epileptic encephalopathy

Author: Elisabeth Sarrazin, Edoardo Malfatti, Mai Thao Viou, Marcelo Chaves, Norma B. Romero, Rémi Bellance, and Michel Fardeau
Subjects: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, business.industry, Epileptic encephalopathy, Muscle weakness, Neuropathology, Anatomy, medicine.disease, Congenital myopathy, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Muscle nerve, Physiology (medical), otorhinolaryngologic diseases, medicine, sense organs, Neurology (clinical), Congenital hypotonia, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Introduction: Cylindrical spirals are characteristic muscular inclusions consisting of spiraling double-laminated membranes. They are found in heterogeneous clinical conditions. Methods: We obtained muscle biopsies from 2 young sisters with severe congenital hypotonia, muscle weakness, and epileptic encephalopathy, and identified cylindrical spirals. Results: We found an association between congenital encephalomyopathy and cylindrical spirals. Conclusions: In this morphological and ultrastructural study, we speculate on the origin of these peculiar structures. Muscle Nerve 52: 895–899, 2015
Published: 2015
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43. A novel technique for diaphragm biopsies in human patients

Author: Fabrice Menegaux, Alexandre Demoule, Capucine Morélot-Panzini, Thomas Similowski, Séverine Noullet, Norma B. Romero, Jésus Gonzalez-Bermejo, RespiStimALS team, and Maud Chapart
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Pleural effusion, Biopsy, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Diaphragm, Forceps, Diaphragmatic breathing, Context (language use), Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Diaphragm (structural system), Pneumothorax, medicine, Humans, Female, Laparoscopy, business, Aged
Abstract: Background The diaphragm is difficult to biopsy because of its anatomic location. We describe a new laparoscopic diaphragm biopsy technique. Material and methods Fifty one patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis gave their consent to diaphragm biopsy in the context of an implanted phrenic nerve stimulation protocol (NCT01583088). The biopsy was taken from the costal diaphragm, after opening the parietal peritoneum with scissors, and by grasping the diaphragmatic muscle over the rib with toothed laparoscopy forceps. Results The first four electrocoagulation biopsies were unsuitable for morphologic examination. The following 47 biopsies were therefore performed without electrocoagulation. The mean size of the biopsy fragments obtained after preparation was 3 ± 1 × 2 ± 1 × 1 ± 1 mm (maximum: 4 × 3 × 2 mm). A diaphragmatic injury occurred during the section in three cases requiring immediate suture without causing pneumothorax. A small pleural effusion was observed on the postoperative chest x-ray in one patient with a spontaneously favorable outcome. Numerous stains were able to be performed on the fragments obtained. Conclusions Diaphragm biopsy can be safely performed by laparoscopy and yields tissue suitable for our future histologic evaluation.
Published: 2015
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44. Acute rhabdomyolysis and inflammation

Author: Asmaa Mamoune, Norma B. Romero, Chris Ottolenghi, François-Xavier Mauvais, Pascale de Lonlay, Laetitia Lallement, Florence Habarou, and Yamina Hamel
Subjects: Inflammation, RYR1, medicine.medical_specialty, Sarcolemma, Phosphatidate Phosphatase, Gene mutation, Biology, medicine.disease, Rhabdomyolysis, Endocrinology, Mitochondrial respiratory chain, Internal medicine, Acute Disease, Genetics, medicine, Cytokines, Humans, Aldolase A deficiency, medicine.symptom, Acute rhabdomyolysis, Genetics (clinical)
Abstract: Rhabdomyolysis results from the rapid breakdown of skeletal muscle fibers, which leads to leakage of potentially toxic cellular content into the systemic circulation. Acquired causes by direct injury to the sarcolemma are most frequent. The inherited causes are: i) metabolic with failure of energy production, including mitochondrial fatty acid ß-oxidation defects, LPIN1 mutations, inborn errors of glycogenolysis and glycolysis, more rarely mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency, purine defects and peroxysomal α-methyl-acyl-CoA-racemase defect (AMACR), ii) structural causes with muscle dystrophies and myopathies, iii) calcium pump disorder with RYR1 gene mutations, iv) inflammatory causes with myositis. Irrespective of the cause of rhabdomyolysis, the pathology follows a common pathway, either by the direct injury to sarcolemma by increased intracellular calcium concentration (acquired causes) or by the failure of energy production (inherited causes), which leads to fiber necrosis. Rhabdomyolysis are frequently precipitated by febrile illness or exercise. These conditions are associated with two events, elevated temperature and high circulating levels of pro-inflammatory mediators such as cytokines and chemokines. To illustrate these points in the context of energy metabolism, protein thermolability and the potential benefits of arginine therapy, we focus on a rare cause of rhabdomyolysis, aldolase A deficiency. In addition, our studies on lipin-1 (LPIN1) deficiency raise the possibility that several diseases involved in rhabdomyolysis implicate pro-inflammatory cytokines and may even represent primarily pro-inflammatory diseases. Thus, not only thermolability of mutant proteins critical for muscle function, but also pro-inflammatory cytokines per se, may lead to metabolic decompensation and rhabdomyolysis.
Published: 2015
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45. Bethlem myopathy: long-term follow-up identifies COL6 mutations predicting severe clinical evolution

Author: M T Zabot, Nicolas Deconinck, Arnaud Lacour, Pierre G. Carlier, Anthony Behin, C. Gartioux, Isabelle Nelson, Françoise Bouhour, V. Tiffreau, A. de Becdelievre, T. Stojkovic, P. Laforêt, Ana Ferreiro, Bruno Eymard, Robert-Yves Carlier, Norma B. Romero, C. Ledeuil, Pascale Richard, Karim Wahbi, and Valérie Allamand
Subjects: Adult, Male, Aging, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Contracture, Neuromuscular disease, Adolescent, Genotype, Biopsy, Mutation, Missense, Collagen Type VI, Muscular Dystrophies, Cohort Studies, Young Adult, Collagen VI, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, Missense mutation, Age of Onset, Child, Myopathy, Retrospective Studies, Neurologic Examination, Muscle Weakness, business.industry, Bethlem myopathy, Muscle weakness, Exons, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Congenital myopathy, Psychiatry and Mental health, Phenotype, Child, Preschool, Mutation, Disease Progression, Female, Surgery, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, Age of onset, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: Objective Mutations in one of the 3 genes encoding collagen VI (COLVI) are responsible for a group of heterogeneous phenotypes of which Bethlem myopathy (BM) represents the milder end of the spectrum. Genotype-phenotype correlations and long-term follow-up description in BM remain scarce. Methods We retrospectively evaluated the long-term clinical evolution, and genotype-phenotype correlations in 35 genetically identified BM patients (23 index cases). Results Nineteen patients showed a typical clinical picture with contractures, proximal weakness and slow disease progression while 11 presented a more severe evolution. Five patients showed an atypical presentation, namely a limb girdle muscle weakness in 2 and a congenital myopathy pattern with either no contractures, or only limited to ankles, in 3 of them. Pathogenic COL6A1-3 mutations were mostly missense or in frame exon-skipping resulting in substitutions or deletions. Twenty one different mutations were identified including 12novel ones. The mode of inheritance was, autosomal dominant in 83% of the index patients (including 17% (N=4) with a de novo mutation), recessive in 13%, and undetermined in one patient. Skipping of exon 14 of COL6A1 was found in 35% of index cases and was mostly associated with a severe clinical evolution. Missense mutations were detected in 39% of index cases and associated with milder forms of the disease. Conclusions Long-term follow-up identified important phenotypic variability in this cohort of 35 BM patients. However, worsening of the functional disability appeared typically after the age of 40 in 47% of our patients, and was frequently associated with COL6A1 exon 14 skipping.
Published: 2014
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46. Common and variable clinical, histological, and imaging findings of recessive RYR1-related centronuclear myopathy patients

Author: Cristiane de Araújo Martins Moreno, Valérie Biancalana, Julien Fauré, Jahannaz Dastgir, Lilia Mesrob, Soledad Monges, L. Medne, Edoardo Malfatti, Diana Bharucha-Goebel, Mariarita Santi, Emmanuelle Salort-Campana, James J. Collins, Raphaël Schneider, Chrystel Cheraud, A. Reghan Foley, Fabiana Lubieniecki, Norma B. Romero, Acary Souza Bulle Oliveira, Sandra Donkervoort, Julie Dawn Thompson, Osorio Abath Neto, Sabrina W. Yum, Carsten G. Bönnemann, John Rendu, Brenda Banwell, Johann Böhm, Anne Boland, Julio Brandao Guimaraes, Jocelyn Laporte, Xavière Lornage, Edmar Zanoteli, Bruno Eymard, Uluç Yiş, Payam Mohassel, Jean-François Deleuze, Umbertina Conti Reed, Doris Lechner, Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle (GMGF), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires et de la SLA, and Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Biology, Compound heterozygosity, Ophthalmoparesis, Cohort Studies, Congenital myopathies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, RYR1, medicine, Humans, Centronuclear myopathy, Child, Muscle, Skeletal, Genetics (clinical), Muscle biopsy, medicine.diagnostic_test, MUTAÇÃO GENÉTICA, Facial weakness, Infant, Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel, Middle Aged, musculoskeletal system, medicine.disease, Hypotonia, 030104 developmental biology, Phenotype, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Neurology, Child, Preschool, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Mutation, Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Central core disease, Myopathies, Structural, Congenital
Abstract: International audience; Mutations in RYR1 give rise to diverse skeletal muscle phenotypes, ranging from classical central core disease to susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia. Next-generation sequencing has recently shown that RYR1 is implicated in a wide variety of additional myopathies, including centronuclear myopathy. In this work, we established an international cohort of 21 patients from 18 families with autosomal recessive RYR1-related centronuclear myopathy, to better define the clinical, imaging, and histological spectrum of this disorder. Early onset of symptoms with hypotonia, motor developmental delay, proximal muscle weakness, and a stable course were common clinical features in the cohort. Ptosis and/or ophthalmoparesis, facial weakness, thoracic deformities, and spinal involvement were also frequent but variable. A common imaging pattern consisted of selective involvement of the vastus lateralis, adductor magnus, and biceps brachii in Comparison to adjacent muscles. In addition to a variable prominence of central nuclei, muscle biopsy from 20 patients showed type 1 fiber predominance and a wide range of intermyofibrillary architecture abnormalities. All families harbored compound heterozygous mutations, most commonly a truncating mutation combined with a missense mutation. This work expands the phenotypic characterization of patients with recessive RYR1-related centronuclear myopathy by highlighting common and variable clinical, histological, and imaging findings in these patients. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2017
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47. Expanding the spectrum of congenital myopathy linked to recessive mutations in SCN4A

Author: Pascale Marcorelles, Anne Boland, Armelle Magot, Yann Péréon, Jocelyn Laporte, Edoardo Malfatti, Norma B. Romero, Johann Böhm, Cécile Boscher, Jean-François Deleuze, Sandra Mercier, Franck Letournel, Gaëlle Caillaux, Xavière Lornage, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT), Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Département de Pathologie Cellulaire et Tissulaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM)-PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Laboratoire de Neurobiologie et Neuropathologie, Centre de référence des maladies rares neuromusculaires, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Centre National de Génotypage (CNG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Service des Explorations Fonctionnelles - Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuromusculaires Rares, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Hôtel Dieu (CHU Hôtel Dieu)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Myotonia Congenita, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Skeletal pathology, medicine, Humans, Family, Congenital hypotonia, Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, NAV1.4 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel, Child, Muscle, Skeletal, Clinical/Scientific Notes, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Fetal hypokinesia, Myotonia congenita, business.industry, Infant, medicine.disease, Congenital myopathy, Pedigree, 030104 developmental biology, Child, Preschool, Mutation, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Neurology (clinical), business, Perinatal period, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Congenital myopathies are phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous.1 While SCN4A mutations were previously described in hypokalemic or hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, paramyotonia, myotonia congenita, or myasthenic syndrome,2–6 loss-of-function recessive mutations in SCN4A were recently identified in 11 individuals with severe fetal hypokinesia or congenital myopathies.7 Among them, 7 died in the perinatal period and 4 had congenital hypotonia, significant respiratory and swallowing difficulties, and spinal deformities. Acknowledgment: The authors thank the family who participated in this study and the collaborators who contributed to this work: Julie Perrier, Raphael Schneider, Valerie Biancalana, Vanessa Schartner, Christine Kretz, Antoine Hamel, Anne Dariel, Julie Thompson, Emmanuelle Fleurence, and Jean-Yves Mahe.
Published: 2017
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48. Affected female carriers of MTM1 mutations display a wide spectrum of clinical and pathological involvement: delineating diagnostic clues

Author: Anne Boland, Marguerite Miguet, Jocelyn Laporte, Julie Dawn Thompson, Robert-Yves Carlier, Nicol C. Voermans, Pierre G. Carlier, Nicolas Dondaine, Nasim Vasli, Sophie Scheidecker, Xavière Lornage, Edmar Zanoteli, Nadège Calmels, Shay Ben-Shachar, Raphaël Schneider, Pascal Laforêt, Curtis Rogers, Annie Laquerrière, Benno Küsters, Laurent Pasquier, Michel Fardeau, Valérie Kremer, Tanya Stojkovic, Erik-Jan Kamsteeg, Celia Boutte, Laura Tanner, Valérie Biancalana, Claire Gasnier, Elise Schaefer, Alexandre Moerman, Norma B. Romero, Armelle Magot, Julie Perrier, Pascale Marcorelle, Bruno Eymard, Jean Pouget, Jean-François Deleuze, Elisabeth Ollagnon-Roman, Christine Tranchant, Osorio Abath Neto, Nathalie Streichenberger, Sandra Mercier, Karine Nguyen, Helen Roper, Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologique [CHU Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Service de génétique clinique, hôpital Sud, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), Physiopathologie du système nerveux., Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-IFR37-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (ISM2), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Génotypage (CNG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), AFM-16992, AFM-Téléthon, ANR-10-IDEX-0002-02, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, DBI20131228569, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, ANR-10-INBS-09, Agence Nationale pour la Recherche, Fondation Maladies Rares, CREGEMES, Université de Toulouse (UT), Service de génétique clinique [Rennes], Université de Rennes (UR)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-hôpital Sud, Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Strasbourg, ANR-10-IDEX-0002,UNISTRA,Par-delà les frontières, l'Université de Strasbourg(2010), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, Severity of Illness Index, Sensory disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 12], Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Respiratory function, Child, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Congenital myopathy, Facial weakness, Middle Aged, Disorders of movement Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 3], Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor, X-linked myotubular myopathy, 3. Good health, X inactivation, Phenotype, Child, Preschool, Female, medicine.symptom, Myopathies, Structural, Congenital, Adult, Weakness, medicine.medical_specialty, Heterozygote, MTM1, Adolescent, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Biology, Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]/Médecine humaine et pathologie, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Diagnosis, Differential, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, medicine, Humans, Centronuclear myopathy, Myopathy, Skewed X-inactivation, Aged, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Mutation, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Neurology (clinical), 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 182328.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM), a severe congenital myopathy, is caused by mutations in the MTM1 gene located on the X chromosome. A majority of affected males die in the early postnatal period, whereas female carriers are believed to be usually asymptomatic. Nevertheless, several affected females have been reported. To assess the phenotypic and pathological spectra of carrier females and to delineate diagnostic clues, we characterized 17 new unrelated affected females and performed a detailed comparison with previously reported cases at the clinical, muscle imaging, histological, ultrastructural and molecular levels. Taken together, the analysis of this large cohort of 43 cases highlights a wide spectrum of clinical severity ranging from severe neonatal and generalized weakness, similar to XLMTM male, to milder adult forms. Several females show a decline in respiratory function. Asymmetric weakness is a noteworthy frequent specific feature potentially correlated to an increased prevalence of highly skewed X inactivation. Asymmetry of growth was also noted. Other diagnostic clues include facial weakness, ptosis and ophthalmoplegia, skeletal and joint abnormalities, and histopathological signs that are hallmarks of centronuclear myopathy such as centralized nuclei and necklace fibers. The histopathological findings also demonstrate a general disorganization of muscle structure in addition to these specific hallmarks. Thus, MTM1 mutations in carrier females define a specific myopathy, which may be independent of the presence of an XLMTM male in the family. As several of the reported affected females carry large heterozygous MTM1 deletions not detectable by Sanger sequencing, and as milder phenotypes present as adult-onset limb-girdle myopathy, the prevalence of this myopathy is likely to be greatly underestimated. This report should aid diagnosis and thus the clinical management and genetic counseling of MTM1 carrier females. Furthermore, the clinical and pathological history of this cohort may be useful for therapeutic projects in males with XLMTM, as it illustrates the spectrum of possible evolution of the disease in patients surviving long term.
Published: 2017
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49. Recessive mutations in the kinase ZAK cause a congenital myopathy with fibre type disproportion

Author: Rita Barresi, Norma B. Romero, Jacek Majewski, Edoardo Malfatti, Eric Bareke, Yi-Hong Shao, Ana Töpf, Johann Böhm, Karine Choquet, Jocelyn Laporte, Chiara Marini-Bettolo, Nasim Vasli, Tanya Stojkovic, Erin K. O'Ferrall, Volker Straub, Bruno Eymard, Richard Charlton, Gonzalo Blanco, Jason Karamchandani, Hanns Lochmüller, E. Harris, Martine Tétreault, Marie-Josée Dicaire, Bernard Brais, and Hichem Tasfaout
Subjects: Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Nonsense mutation, Biology, Frameshift mutation, Consanguinity, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Exome, Centronuclear myopathy, Exome sequencing, Muscle weakness, Original Articles, MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases, medicine.disease, Congenital myopathy, Hypotonia, Pedigree, Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch, 030104 developmental biology, Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch, Mutation, Female, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, Protein Kinases, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Myopathies, Structural, Congenital
Abstract: Congenital myopathies define a heterogeneous group of neuromuscular diseases with neonatal or childhood hypotonia and muscle weakness. The genetic cause is still unknown in many patients, precluding genetic counselling and better understanding of the physiopathology. To identify novel genetic causes of congenital myopathies, exome sequencing was performed in three consanguineous families. We identified two homozygous frameshift mutations and a homozygous nonsense mutation in the mitogen-activated protein triple kinase ZAK. In total, six affected patients carry these mutations. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and transcriptome analyses suggested nonsense mRNA decay as a main impact of mutations. The patients demonstrated a generalized slowly progressive muscle weakness accompanied by decreased vital capacities. A combination of proximal contractures with distal joint hyperlaxity is a distinct feature in one family. The low endurance and compound muscle action potential amplitude were strongly ameliorated on treatment with anticholinesterase inhibitor in another patient. Common histopathological features encompassed fibre size variation, predominance of type 1 fibre and centralized nuclei. A peculiar subsarcolemmal accumulation of mitochondria pointing towards the centre of the fibre was a novel histological hallmark in one family. These findings will improve the molecular diagnosis of congenital myopathies and implicate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling as a novel pathway altered in these rare myopathies.
Published: 2017

50. A new muscle glycogen storage disease associated with glycogenin-1 deficiency

Author: Fabrice Michel, Cristina Domínguez-González, Gabriel Viennet, H. Orhan Akman, Johanna Nilsson, Carola Hedberg-Oldfors, Cornelia Kornblum, Aurelio Hernández-Laín, Salvatore DiMauro, Norma B. Romero, Peter Van den Bergh, Anders Oldfors, Andrew G. Engel, and Edoardo Malfatti
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, Glycogenin, Skeletal muscle, Biology, Compound heterozygosity, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Glycogen debranching enzyme, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, Internal medicine, medicine, biology.protein, Glycogen storage disease, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, Myopathy, Glycogen synthase, GSK3B, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: We describe a slowly progressive myopathy in 7 unrelated adult patients with storage of polyglucosan in muscle fibers. Genetic investigation revealed homozygous or compound heterozygous deleterious variants in the glycogenin-1 gene (GYG1). Most patients showed depletion of glycogenin-1 in skeletal muscle, whereas 1 showed presence of glycogenin-1 lacking the C-terminal that normally binds glycogen synthase. Our results indicate that either depletion of glycogenin-1 or impaired interaction with glycogen synthase underlies this new form of glycogen storage disease that differs from a previously reported patient with GYG1 mutations who showed profound glycogen depletion in skeletal muscle and accumulation of glycogenin-1.
Published: 2014
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