Author: "Luigi Palmieri" / Topic: medicine.medical_specialty - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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68 results on '"Luigi Palmieri"'

1. Trend in potassium intake and Na/K ratio in the Italian adult population between the 2008 and 2018 CUORE project surveys

Author: Cinzia Lo Noce, Daniela Minutoli, Brigitta Buttari, Ornella Russo, Serena Vannucchi, Elisabetta Profumo, Simona Giampaoli, Paolo Bellisario, Pasquale Strazzullo, Daniela Galeone, Andrea Di Lenarda, Francesca Vespasiano, Roberto Iacone, Luigi Palmieri, Anna Di Lonardo, Graziano Onder, Ferruccio Galletti, Chiara Donfrancesco, Donfrancesco, C., Lo Noce, C., Russo, O., Buttari, B., Profumo, E., Minutoli, D., Di Lonardo, A., Iacone, R., Vespasiano, F., Vannucchi, S., Onder, G., Galletti, F., Galeone, D., Bellisario, P., Di Lenarda, A., Giampaoli, S., Palmieri, L., and Strazzullo, P.
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Potassium intake, Time Factors, Epidemiology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Urinary system, Potassium, Sodium, Adult population, Nutritional Status, Medicine (miscellaneous), chemistry.chemical_element, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Urinalysis, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Recommended Dietary Allowances, Diet Surveys, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, K na ratio, medicine, Humans, Nutrition, Aged, Public health, Creatinine, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Potassium, Dietary, Sodium, Dietary, Middle Aged, Diet, Renal Elimination, Cross-Sectional Studies, Italy, chemistry, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Demography
Abstract: Background and aims Low potassium intake, in addition to high sodium, has been associated with higher risk of hypertension and CVD. The Study assessed habitual potassium intake and sodium/potassium ratio of the Italian adult population from 2008 to 2012 to 2018–2019 based on 24-h urine collection, in the framework of the CUORE Project/MINISAL-GIRCSI/MENO SALE PIU’ SALUTE national surveys. Methods and results Data were from cross-sectional surveys of randomly selected age-and-sex stratified samples of resident persons aged 35–74 years in 10 (out of 20) Italian regions. Urinary electrolyte and creatinine measurements were performed in a central laboratory. Analyses considered 942 men and 916 women, examined in 2008–2012, and 967 men and 1010 women, examined in 2018–2019. In 2008–2012, the age-standardized mean of potassium intake (urinary potassium accounts for 70% of potassium intake) was 3147 mg (95% CI 3086–3208) in men and 2784 mg (2727–2841) in women, whereas in 2018–2019, it was 3043 mg (2968–3118) and 2561 mg (2508–2614) respectively. In 2008–2012, age-adjusted prevalence of persons with an adequate potassium intake (i.e. ≥ 3510 mg/day) was 31% (95% CI 28–34%) for men and 18% (16–21%) for women; in 2018–2019, it was 26% (23–29%) and 12% (10–14%) respectively. The sodium/potassium ratio significantly decreased both in men and women. Conclusions The average daily potassium intake of the Italian general adult population remains lower than the WHO and EFSA recommended level. These results suggest the need of a revision to strengthen initiatives for the promotion of an adequate potassium intake at the population level.
Published: 2021

2. Prevalence and Correlates of Statin Underuse for Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults 65–79 Years of Age: The Italian Health Examination Survey 2008–2012

Author: Diego Vanuzzo, Cinzia Lo Noce, Giovanni Viscogliosi, Luigi Palmieri, Flavia Carle, Chiara Donfrancesco, and Simona Giampaoli
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Aging, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Statin, medicine.drug_class, Adult population, Disease, 03 medical and health sciences, Health examination, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Activities of Daily Living, Prevalence, Secondary Prevention, medicine, Humans, Practice Patterns, Physicians', Aged, Secondary prevention, business.industry, Statin treatment, Cross-Sectional Studies, 030104 developmental biology, Italy, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Geriatrics and Gerontology, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Limited data are available on the prevalence and correlates of statin use for secondary cardiovascular (CV) prevention in the older adult population. We used data of older adults (65-79 years) with established atherosclerotic CV disease from the cross-sectional Italian Health Examination Survey 2008-2012 to address this issue. Lifestyles, CV risk factors, chronic diseases, and therapies were assessed using standardized procedures. A comprehensive geriatric assessment was performed to evaluate cognitive function, disability in basic activities of daily living/instrumental activities of daily living, mobility, and polypharmacy. Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify independent correlates of statin use. A total of 392 participants (mean age 72.1 ± 4.4 years, 61.5% men) were considered for this analysis. Coronary heart disease was identified in 67.1% of participants, cerebrovascular disease in 23.5%, and peripheral artery disease (PAD) in 18.1%. One hundred ninety (48.5%) were statin users. By multiple regression analysis, functional disability (odds ratio [OR] = 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.71-0.92
Published: 2020

3. Trends in cardiovascular diseases burden and vascular risk factors in Italy: The Global Burden of Disease study 1990–2017

Author: Paul S Briant, Luigi Palmieri, Paolo Cortesi, Carla Fornari, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Gregory A. Roth, Minh Nguyen, Simona Giampaoli, Giampiero Mazzaglia, Sara Conti, Norberto Perico, Giacomo Crotti, Francesco Profili, Lorenzo Monasta, Catherine O. Johnson, Simon Yadgir, Eugenio Traini, Lorenzo G. Mantovani, Fabio Voller, Boris Bikbov, Valeria Caso, Fabiana Madotto, Mohsen Naghavi, Cortesi, P, Fornari, C, Madotto, F, Conti, S, Naghavi, M, Bikbov, B, Briant, P, Caso, V, Crotti, G, Johnson, C, Nguyen, M, Palmieri, L, Perico, N, Profili, F, Remuzzi, G, Roth, G, Traini, E, Voller, F, Yadgir, S, Mazzaglia, G, Monasta, L, Giampaoli, S, and Mantovani, L
Subjects: Burden of disease, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, prevalence, burden of disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Vascular risk, Global Health, Global Burden of Disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, risk factors, Disability-adjusted life year, 030212 general & internal medicine, Intensive care medicine, Disease burden, Estimation, disability-adjusted life year, business.industry, Disability-Adjusted Life Years, Cardiovascular disease, mortality, Cardiovascular Diseases, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Aims An exhaustive and updated estimation of cardiovascular disease burden and vascular risk factors is still lacking in European countries. This study aims to fill this gap assessing the global Italian cardiovascular disease burden and its changes from 1990 to 2017 and comparing the Italian situation with European countries. Methods All accessible data sources from the 2017 Global Burden of Disease study were used to estimate the cardiovascular disease prevalence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years and cardiovascular disease attributable risk factors burden in Italy from 1990 to 2017. Furthermore, we compared the cardiovascular disease burden within the 28 European Union countries. Results Since 1990, we observed a significant decrease of cardiovascular disease burden, particularly in the age-standardised prevalence (–12.7%), mortality rate (–53.8%), and disability-adjusted life years rate (–55.5%). Similar improvements were observed in the majority of European countries. However, we found an increase in all-ages prevalence of cardiovascular diseases from 5.75 m to 7.49 m Italian residents. Cardiovascular diseases still remain the first cause of death (34.8% of total mortality). More than 80% of the cardiovascular disease burden could be attributed to known modifiable risk factors such as high systolic blood pressure, dietary risks, high low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and impaired kidney function. Conclusions Our study shows a decline in cardiovascular mortality and disability-adjusted life years, which reflects the success in reducing disability, premature death and early incidence of cardiovascular diseases. However, the burden of cardiovascular diseases is still high. An approach that includes the cooperation and coordination of all stakeholders of the Italian National Health System is required to further reduce this burden.
Published: 2020

4. Association Between Antidepressant Medication Use and Prevalence and Control of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Italian Health Examination Survey 2008–2012

Author: Chiara Donfrancesco, Diego Vanuzzo, Giovanni Viscogliosi, Simona Giampaoli, Luigi Palmieri, Flavia Carle, and Cinzia Lo Noce
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cardiovascular risk factors, Population, Risk Assessment, Health examination, Prevalence, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Healthy Lifestyle, Psychiatry, Association (psychology), education, Aged, Medication use, education.field_of_study, Depression, business.industry, Age Factors, Protective Factors, Antidepressive Agents, Drug Utilization, Antidepressant medication, Cross-Sectional Studies, Italy, Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart Disease Risk Factors, Antidepressant, Female, Independent Living, business, Risk Reduction Behavior
Abstract: Background: To assess the association of antidepressant (AD) medication use with prevalence and control of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. Methods: Data of older adults from the population-based ...
Published: 2020

5. Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight

Author: Maryam Sharafkhah, Emanuel Zitt, Majid Ezzati, Luxia Zhang, Young-Ho Khang, Ellina Rakhimova, Kairit Mikkel, Tiina Vlasoff, Eruke E. Egbagbe, Sidsel Graff-Iversen, Ilona Nenko, Magdalena Klimek, Mathilde Savy, Sanjib Kumar Sharma, Alfonso Siani, Luís Lopes, Vanina Bongard, Gregor Jurak, Jacqueline F. Price, Christina-Paulina Lambrinou, Maria Lc Iurilli, Rainford J. Wilks, Bontha V. Babu, Fereidoun Azizi, Harunobu Nakamura, Marialaura Bonaccio, Angela Döring, Zhenyu Zhang, Naser Ahmadi, Jolanta Słowikowska-Hilczer, Ana Paula Carlos Cândido, Clive Osmond, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Robert J. Adams, Themistoklis Tzotzas, Reina Engle-Stone, Atul Trivedi, Shoichiro Tsugane, Niels Møller, Jorge Bezerra, Dénes Molnár, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff, Badreya Al-Lahou, J. Jaime Miranda, Bahram Mohajer, Sigmund A. Anderssen, Lital Keinan Boker, Eero Kajantie, Martin Gulliford, Maties Torrent, Sumit Bharadwaj, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Zbigniew Gaciong, Nayu Ikeda, Li Juan Wu, Adrian Richter, Licia Iacoviello, Marc J. Gunter, Wenbin Wei, Norsyamlina Che Abdul Rahim, Eman Aly, Ambady Ramachandran, Nils Lehmann, Soile E. Puhakka, Giovanni Veronesi, Hongsheng Bi, Eiji Oda, Jia Li Duan, Per Tynelius, José María Huerta, Janne Schurmann Tolstrup, Rodrigo M. Carrillo-Larco, Rosangela Fernandes Lucena Batista, Victoria E Soto-Rojas, Hanno Ulmer, Shukri F. Mohamed, Anthony Kafatos, Suyeon Park, Mohsen Ibrahim, Hamed Pouraram, Bin Zhou, May Soe Aung, Lars Bo Andersen, Erfan Ghasemi, René Charles Sylva, Himanshu K. Chaturvedi, Luc Dauchet, Ahmad Ali Zainuddin, Angela Chetrit, Dan Zhu, Valérie Deschamps, Ko Ko Zaw, Peter Vollenweider, Tomas Vega, Yves Martin-Prével, Mahfuzar Rahman, Dorja Vočanec, Roman Topor-Madry, Vinay Nangia, Herculina S. Kruger, Asher Fawwad, Emily Sonestedt, Elena Pahomova, Aleksander Giwercman, Elżbieta Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Cecilia Björkelund, Tatjana Hejgaard, Maria Puiu, Maria Benedetta Donati, Andrew Wong, Carlos P. Boissonnet, Santosh K. Bhargava, Patrick Kolsteren, Dermot O'Reilly, Bahareh Kheiri, Wolfgang Kratzer, Susanne R. de Rooij, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Günther Fink, José R. Banegas, Michele Monroy-Valle, Drude Molbo, Mahmudur Rahman, Hynek Pikhart, Rafael N. Pichardo, Massimo Salvetti, Hui Cai, Sarah Filippi, Georg Posch, Hung-Kwan So, Yonghua Hu, Katsuyasu Kouda, Joana Carvalho, Gailute Bernotiene, Hannu Uusitalo, Thein Thein Htay, Felix Kaducu, Maigeng Zhou, Lars Ängquist, Thi Tuyet-Hanh Tran, Charles Lunogelo, Michel Joffres, Sabina Zambon, Ronald D. Gregor, Vayia Rarra, Seyed Mohammad Hashemi-Shahri, Loreto Santa Marina, Galina Obreja, Rudolf Kaaks, Aya Mostafa, Maria do Carmo Franco, Beata Gurzkowska, Chien-Jen Chen, Marie Moitry, Nizal Sarrafzadegan, Xiangjun Wang, Diego Giulliano Destro Christofaro, Imperia Brajkovich, Fangfang Chen, Francesco Panza, Ling Yang, Holly E. Syddall, Cecily Kelleher, Michael Tornaritis, Ningli Wang, Lutgarde Thijs, Marjolein Visser, Angelika Schaffrath Rosario, María José Tormo, Jostein Steene-Johannessen, Norbert Amougou, Emmanuella Magriplis, Mar Alvarez-Pedrerol, Jingli Gao, Stig E. Bojesen, Giuseppe Grosso, Seongjun Ha, Lauren Lissner, Mikhail Benet, Anastasia Markaki, Sanjay Rampal, Antônio Augusto Moura da Silva, Maria Lorenza Muiesan, Angelique Chan, Yvonne T. van der Schouw, Annamari Lundqvist, Philippe Amouyel, Kristyna Zejglicova, Charalambos Hadjigeorgiou, João Breda, Jørgen Meisfjord, Fatima Zahra Laamiri, Carl Lachat, Kai-Uwe Saum, Vilma Irazola, Leng Huat Foo, Óscar Lopes, Dickman Gareta, Flavio Nervi, Imre Janszky, Ruzena Kubinova, Terho Lehtimäki, Mario V. Capanzana, Moyses Szklo, Ramfis Nieto-Martínez, Viswanathan Mohan, Shuohua Chen, Arvind Pandey, Luigi Palmieri, Roya Kelishadi, Srinivasan Kannan, Jie Mi, Robert Beaglehole, Liliana Dacica, Jyrki K. Virtanen, Mohan Deepa, Peter Ueda, Isti Ilmiati Fujiati, Hermann Pohlabeln, Morten Sodemann, Jytte Halkjær, Zbigniew Kułaga, Sophie Visvikis-Siest, Farshad Farzadfar, Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad, Henry Völzke, Karolina Milkowska, Zahra Mohammadi, Belgin Ünal, Magda Gasull, George S. Stergiou, Marshall K. Tulloch-Reid, Seppo Koskinen, James E. Bennett, Marcela González-Gross, Virginija Dulskiene, Idris Guessous, Assembekov Batyrbek, Kamarul Imran Musa, Jeannette Lee, Josep Redon, Bihungum Bista, Luisa M Macieira, Johan Sundström, Andres Metspalu, Lariane M Ono, Flora A. Ukoli, Salar Rahimikazerooni, Andrea Gualtieri, Trevor S. Ferguson, Félicité Tchibindat, Eliza Cinteza, Ha Tp Do, Tajana Zeljkovic Vrkic, Tuyen D Le, Alison J. Hayes, Abdul Basit, Chandini Nekkantti, Teresa Norat, Eunice Ugel, Gulmira Aitmurzaeva, Mariachiara Di Cesare, Abdul Hamid Zargar, Vincenzo Solfrizzi, Garry L. Jennings, Aline Meirhaeghe, Kaare Christensen, Päivi Mäki, Xu Lin, Ali Esmaeili, Joanna Baran, Aneta Grajda, Renata Cifkova, Alexandre C. Pereira, Martin Bobak, Iuliia A Rusakova, Keiu Nelis, Damian K Francis, Guansheng Ma, Axel C. Carlsson, Alejandro Diaz, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, N Capkova, Zumin Shi, Maria Turley, Imelda A. Agdeppa, Helena I. S. Nogueira, Marcia Scazufca, Katharina Maruszczak, Natascia Rinaldo, Paulo A. Lotufo, Nuno Lunet, Thor Aspelund, Caroline H.D. Fall, Antonio Cabrera de León, Ahmad Faudzi Yusoff, Holger Theobald, Beatriz D'Agord Schaan, Pedro Marques-Vidal, William A. Neal, Mihai Gafencu, Tandi E. Matsha, Ana B. Crujeiras, Ahmad Reza Dorosty, Alain Morejon, Weili Yan, Dominique Hange, Bekbolat Zholdin, Frédéric Gottrand, Jorge Mota, Jana Námešná, Stevo Popovic, Louise Eriksen, Line Lund Kårhus, Cihangir Erem, Juergen Breckenkamp, Mathilde Kersting, Yi Song, Martin McKee, Aleksandra Gomula, Rafaela Rosário, Enzo Manzato, S. Goya Wannamethee, Sounnia Mediene Benchekor, Azim Nejatizadeh, Krishna Kumar Aryal, Juan P. González-Rivas, Vedrana Sember, Stephen T. McGarvey, Jukka T. Salonen, Patrick Pasquet, Patricia Varona-Pérez, Amelia C. Crampin, Ramin Heshmat, Violeta Iotova, Juvenal Soares Dias-da-Costa, Oye Gureje, Aletta E. Schutte, João Luiz Bastos, Anelise Reis Gaya, Konrad Jamrozik, Dalia Luksiene, Amina Barkat, Maria Paula Santos, José Camolas, Azli Baharudin, Diego Vanuzzo, Doris Stöckl, Rosalynn Siantar, Jouko Saramies, Albertino Damasceno, Davood Khalili, Simona Bo, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Dominique Cottel, Markku Peltonen, Fikru Tullu, Ana Isabel Rito, Angélica Ochoa-Avilés, Annette J. Dobson, Christopher T. Cowell, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Rildo de Souza Wanderley Júnior, Oanh T. H. Trinh, Farahnaz Joukar, Mostafa K. Mohamed, Mostafa Qorbani, Jeongseon Kim, Helmut Schröder, Machi Suka, Natasja M. van Schoor, Jussi Kauhanen, Teresa Haugsgjerd, Goodarz Danaei, M. Fernanda Lima-Costa, Yong Tao, Elisabetta L. Romeo, Grazyna Jasienska, Victor Guillermo Sequera, Kazem Mohammad, Yanina Zócalo, Fernanda Cunha Soares, Jianfeng Wu, Mohammad Esmaeel Motlagh, María Elena Díaz-Sánchez, Monika Zuziak, Eldridge Ferrer, Anette Varbo, Leila Beltrami Moreira, Jeremy M. Jacobs, Kenneth James, Elena Sacchini, Pascal Bovet, Mahboubeh Parsaeian, Tania Lopez, Ya Xing Wang, Wojciech Drygas, Jody C Miller, Svetlana A. Shalnova, Maria Elisa Zapata, Chung T Nguyen, Nimmathota Arlappa, Edwige Landais, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen, Jeannette Klimont, Amirabbas Momenan, Erik J. Timmermans, Mari-Liis Tammesoo, Jost B. Jonas, Stefania Toselli, Maria Teresa Anselmo Olinto, Bahman Cheraghian, Kouamelan Doua, Esteban Carmuega, Marjeta Mišigoj-Duraković, Bo Werner, M. Arfan Ikram, Breige A. McNulty, Christa Meisinger, Clara Homs, Namuna Shrestha, Alina Kerimkulova, Youcef Laid, Claes Ohlsson, Alicia Matijasevich, Alison J Price, Ala'a Alkerwi, Kristine H. Allin, Lorenza Pilotto, Mohannad Al Nsour, Ingunn Holden Bergh, Marianna Noale, Heba Fouad, Vilnis Dzerve, Novie O. Younger-Coleman, Peter Willeit, Andrea R. V. R. Horimoto, Freda Pitakaka, Habiba Ben Romdhane, Savvas C. Savva, Rajeev Gupta, Jennifer Servais, Cristina Padez, Sarah P. Garnett, Maria del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, Michala Lustigová, Tien Yin Wong, Rosa Haghshenas, Jonathan Giovannelli, Christina Howitt, Marleen E. Hendriks, Fadia AlBuhairan, Huashuai Chen, Gretchen A Stevens, Luís B. Sardinha, David Goltzman, Jenny M. Kindblom, Karina Mary de Paiva, Yousef Khader, Eric Monterrubio-Flores, Rajendra Pradeepa, Yi-Ting Lin, Martin Neovius, Juan Francisco Miquel, Ellis Owusu-Dabo, Anil Poudyal, Marzieh Katibeh, Tanja Stocks, Veronica Mocanu, Ulla Roggenbuck, Robespierre Ribeiro, Gabriele Eiben, Mary Simon, Christine Cameron, Hamid Hakimi, Kamel Ajlouni, Jakub Stokwiszewski, Iulia Jurca Simina, Pietro Amedeo Modesti, Frederick C. W. Wu, Peter Kristensen, Charles Mondo, Felix Gutzwiller, Mariana Sbaraini, Martijn Huisman, Betina H. Thuesen, Queenie Chan, Antonisamy Belavendra, Artur Mazur, Ulf Ekelund, Laura A. Rodríguez-Villamizar, Marcos André Moura-dos-Santos, Jean Ferrières, Farhad Zamani, Shina Avi, Yves Kameli, Luis Paulo Gomes Mascarenhas, Aluísio J D Barros, Thomas Meinertz Dantoft, Hossein Poustchi, Farid Najafi, Giovanni de Gaetano, Azaliia M Tuliakova, Vera Lanska, Tint Swe Latt, Matthias Bopp, Abbas Rezaianzadeh, Rod Jackson, Johan Van der Heyden, Reecha Sofat, Koen Van Herck, Allan G. Hill, Con Burns, Emanuela Pettenuzzo, Ming-Dong Wang, Stela McLachlan, Ulrike Gehring, Ranko Stevanovic, Nagalla Balakrishna, Lekhraj Rampal, Marjolijn C. E. Bragt, Saeid Eslami, Napoleón Pérez-Farinós, G. K. Mini, Viktoria Anna Kovacs, Rosemarie Martin, Nahla Hwalla, Wei Zheng, Hoang Van Minh, Edward D Janus, Laetitia Huiart, Farhad Pourfarzi, Sudha Ramachandra Rao, Fred Paccaud, Marcia Makdisse, Aye Aye Sein, Enrique Gutiérrez-González, Yang Yang, Anneke Blokstra, Henrike Galenkamp, Jaume Marrugat, Nazan Yardim, Wan Nazaimoon Wan Mohamud, Jesús Ibarluzea, Julio Zuñiga Cisneros, Laura Lauria, Argyro Karakosta, Dragana P Jovic, Jun Hata, Elio Riboli, Piotr Bandosz, Xun Tang, Parvina Mukhtorova, Jean Dallongeville, Jean-Bernard Ruidavets, Anne Tjønneland, Guillermo Frontera, Rahul Malhotra, Thomas Ferrao, Aleksandra Piwońska, Dusan Grafnetter, Mette Rasmussen, Daniel Weghuber, Sherali Rakhmatulloev, Martine Vrijheid, Johann Willeit, Motahareh Kheradmand, Małgorzata Mossakowska, Lechaba Tshepo, Dongfeng Gu, Hyeon Chang Kim, Vilmundur Gudnason, Maria Forsner, Peter Bjerregaard, Leon A. Simons, Rachael McLean, Japhet Killewo, Ramón Suárez-Medina, Y Nikitin, Eng Joo Tan, Jean Claude Mbanya, Aroor Bhagyalaxmi, Renata Kuciene, Kairat Davletov, Jose Eugenio Lozano, Afshin Ostovar, Niloofar Peykari, Guy De Backer, Soheir H Ahmed, Nicholas J. Wareham, Sai Yin Ho, Constanta Huidumac Petrescu, Maria Hassapidou, Iris Pigeot, Myriam Galfo, Susana Cararo Confortin, Blanca Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt, W. M. Monique Verschuren, Catterina Ferreccio, Fabio Galvano, Leila Houti, Daniel Bia, Annika Rosengren, Marcin Rutkowski, Biruta Velika, Joana Araújo, Fernando Rigo, Angela Spinelli, Scott B. McLean, Shirin Djalalinia, Marie Kunešová, Boban Mugoša, Sania Nishtar, Mangesh S. Pednekar, Shahla AlDhukair, Helle-Mai Loit, Antonis Zampelas, Altan Onat, Maciej Banach, Shohreh Naderimagham, Hajer Aounallah-Skhiri, Maja Bæksgaard Jørgensen, Yin Guo, Ewelina Czenczek-Lewandowska, Parasmani Dasgupta, Elvis Oa Wambiya, Inge Huybrechts, Raimund Erbel, Jari Jokelainen, Ana P. Ortiz, Stefan Kiechl, Emmanuel Cohen, Caleb Ochimana, Shynar Abdrakhmanova, Laura Censi, Iqbal Bata, Geetha R Menon, Snehalatha Chamukuttan, Pedro Plans-Rubio, Domenico Palli, Ana Azevedo, Slawomir Koziel, Benoît Salanave, Parinaz Mehdipour, Shu Ti Chiou, Lela Sturua, Lubica Ticha, Felipe Vogt Cureau, Jin Soo Moon, Ming-Hui Zhao, Urho M. Kujala, Nathalie Michels, Ertugrul Celikcan, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Judith Benedics, Tobias F. Rinke de Wit, Agnès Le Port, Reza Homayounfar, Andrea Rodriguez-Martinez, Tai Hing Lam, Yn-Tz Sung, Jürgen König, Kodavanti Mallikharjuna Rao, Hazzaa M. Al-Hazzaa, Karen Morgan, Bogdan Wojtyniak, Cynthia M. Pérez, Ilse Khouw, Manoli Garcia-de-la-Hera, Dong Wook Shin, Genc Burazeri, Ausra Petrauskiene, Charles Sossa Jérome, Kenisha Russell Jonsson, José Boggia, Daniela Galeone, Alice Bonilla-Vargas, Han Cg Kemper, Rahman Shiri, Stefaan Demarest, Else Karin Grøholt, San-Lin You, Adelheid Weber, Juha Auvinen, Aida Pilav, Sibel Gogen, Suzanne N Morin, Wan Mohamad Wan Bebakar, Viviane Cunha Cardoso, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, Hana Zamrazilová, Frank Claessens, Karien Stronks, Helen Gonçalves, Tahir Aris, Luis Revilla, Sérgio Viana Peixoto, Zhamilya Battakova, Jing Liu, Eliza Markidou Ioannidou, Leticia Hernandez Cadena, Priscilla Duboz, Sandjaja, Tiina Laatikainen, Rafel Ramos, Sareh Eghtesad, Judith Simons, Orn Olafsson, E. Shyong Tai, Louise A. Baur, Nihal Thomas, Aung Soe Htet, Bente Sparboe-Nilsen, Paul Elliott, Soon-Woo Park, Angel R. Gonzalez, Ying-Wei Wang, Rob M. van Dam, Ryutaro Ohtsuka, Ludmila Sevcikova, Suhaila Abdul Ghaffar, Lynell V Maniego, Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei, Maria Dorobantu, Giovanni Viegi, Xiaoguang Yang, Honor Bixby, Prakash C. Gupta, Ofra Kalter-Leibovici, Eugene Sobngwi, Ričardas Radišauskas, Jurate Medzioniene, Roy A Wong-McClure, Kim F. Michaelsen, Antonia Trichopoulou, Tania Tello, Francesco Branca, Johanna Gunnlaugsdottir, Els Clays, Wei-Yen Lim, Suzanne C. Ho, Toomas Veidebaum, Rebecca Goldsmith, Margot González-León, Matthias Nauck, Alibek Mereke, Marta Buoncristiano, Jakob Tarp, Rosalba Rojas-Martínez, Maya Tanrygulyyeva, Reza Malekzadeh, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Dimitrios Poulimeneas, Pedro Ordunez, Isabelle Herter-Aeberli, Khanh Le Nguyen Bao, Anne Juolevi, Vassilis Zafiropulos, Emanuela Gualdi-Russo, Jordi Sunyer, Manu Raj, Chaoqiang Jiang, Sofia Malyutina, Efthymios Kapantais, Maria Lazo-Porras, Maung Maung Than Htike, Michael Hobbs, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Merike Liivak, Johan G. Eriksson, Margarita Samoutian, Andreia N. Pizarro, Mohammed Rasoul Tarawneh, Jean Woo, Kaspar Staub, Maria Teresa Menzano, Mojtaba Farjam, Adroaldo Cesar Araujo Gaya, Mohammad El-khateeb, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Mukharram M. Bikbov, Hsien-Ho Lin, Oscar Noboa, Thomas Waldhör, Garry Brian, Simona Costanzo, Frank Tanser, Nor Azwany Yaacob, Michelle Cilia, Ivo Rakovac, Bill Stavreski, Ioannis Pagkalos, Ivan Pećin, Carlo M. Barbagallo, Abla M. Sibai, Yuna He, Matsuda Fumihiko, Bharathi Viswanathan, Ali Reza Safarpour, Wei Cheng Lo, Abdullatif Husseini, Jiang He, Liv Elin Torheim, Nipa Rojroongwasinkul, Aicha Soumare, Astrid Petersmann, Tomasz Grodzicki, Davide Noto, Panayiotis K. Yiallouros, Kelias P. Msyamboza, William R. Tebar, Yingfeng Zheng, Eha Nurk, Bhawesh Koirala, Ana Jelakovic, Suhad Bahijri, Freja B Kampmann, Qi Sheng You, Marika Ferrari, María-Elena González-Villalpando, Aline Wagner, Olfa Saidi, Anwar Batieha, Eduardo Capuano, Coimbatore Subramaniam Shanthirani, Dong Wook Kim, Albina A Fakhretdinova, Tom Wilsgaard, Maria Avdicova, Moesijanti Soekatri, Chiara Donfrancesco, Salim Mohanna, Paola Russo, Uruwan Yamborisut, Rafael dos Santos Henrique, Martin Nankap, Allan Linneberg, Khairil Si-Ramlee, Kirsten Mehlig, Christina Mavrogianni, Raluca Pop, Lèlita Santos, Graziella Bruno, Valentina Peterkova, Iná S. Santos, Georg Lappas, Alberto Palloni, Malay K. Mridha, Andrzej Pajak, Marta García-Solano, Stefaan De Henauw, Daniel Ferrante, Rute Santos, Anders Grøntved, Lucjan Szponar, Mihaela Vladulescu, Chien-An Sun, Jan A. Staessen, Paula Duarte de Oliveira, Norazizah Ibrahim Wong, Maria Nordendahl, Elaine M. Dennison, Jeonghee Lee, Diego Salmerón, Ida Maria Schmidt, Gao Pei, Noushin Mohammadifard, Igor Spiroski, Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo, Xu Ma, Elin Pettersen Sørgjerd, Valéria Regecová, Cláudia S. Minderico, Johanna A. Otero, Jamila Abubakar Garba, Vesselka Duleva, Rui Ornelas, Ilpo Huhtaniemi, Cesar G. Victora, Lijuan Liu, Rody G. Sy, Mahmood Moosazadeh, Ali Ahmadi, Antonio Pedro Graça, Natalia Nowak-Szczepanska, Miao Li Chee, Michael Sjöström, Charles Agyemang, Shiqi Zhen, Xiu-Hua Guo, Pawel Kurjata, Jardena J. Puder, Mehrdad Azmin, Neil Murphy, Kaosar Afsana, Alireza Sadjadi, Johanna M. Geleijnse, Prashant Mathur, Elysée Claude Bika Lele, Raphael Mendes Ritti-Dias, Yannis Manios, Majid Shirani, Rosemary B. Duda, Liis Nelis, Jurate Klumbiene, Zhengming Chen, Wichai Aekplakorn, Alun Evans, Andrzej Wiecek, Lars Lind, Denise Eldemire-Shearer, Bernardo L. Horta, Macia Enguerran, Seyed Rasoul Zakavi, Daniel Fernández-Bergés, Kumiko Ohara, Ursula Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Hermann Brenner, Przemyslaw Slusarczyk, Espen Bjertness, Jutta Stieber, Augusto Di Castelnuovo, Joel G. R. Roy, Aryeh D. Stein, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, Vera Musil, Amaneh Shayanrad, Marcel Goldberg, Ramon O. Jimenez, Mohammad Reza Fattahi, Jolanda Hyska, Amir Houshang Mehrparvar, Elin Kolle, Mohamed Bamoshmoosh, Michelle Holdsworth, Felipe F. Casanueva, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Niels Wedderkopp, Eva Corpeleijn, Elias F. Gudmundsson, Antonio Mistretta, Daniel Lemogoum, Larissa Pruner Marques, Slavica Sović, Olli T. Raitakari, Marco Aurélio Peres, Alexandra Cucu, Gregorio Varela-Moreiras, Janine Clarke, Andrea Gazzinelli, Mieczysław Litwin, Sara Schramm, Xenophon Theodoridis, Harshpal Singh Sachdev, Mohammad Reza Mirjalili, Dimitrios Papandreou, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Benjamin Acosta-Cazares, Ben Schöttker, Prabhdeep Kaur, Norlaila Mustafa, Shariq Rashid Masoodi, Sadaf G. Sepanlou, Adolfo Rubinstein, Francis Delpeuch, Julianne Williams, Abbas Dehghan, Leanne M. Riley, Heloisa Bettiol, Gabriele Nagel, Ellisiv B. Mathiesen, Ekaterina Stoyanova, Alisha N. Wade, Zhamyila Usupova, Arnaud Chiolero, Oonagh Markey, Jacqueline Ramke, Elena Bogova, Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh, Nguyen D Nguyen, Tomasz Zdrojewski, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Jose Sanchez-Abanto, Rômulo Araújo Fernandes, Lourdes Ribas-Barba, Nalan Uysal, Mohamad Hasnan Ahmad, Krista Fischer, Maria Wany Louzada Strufaldi, Ramiro Guerrero, Farnam Mohebi, Tran Quoc Bao, Flávio Danni Fuchs, Salim Berkinbayev, Enisa Kujundzic, Sari Voutilainen, Farzad Hadaegh, Robert Lundqvist, Saeid Safiri, Iraj Mohebbi, George Luiz Lins Machado-Coelho, Annette Peters, Gonzalo Valdivia, Magdalena Korzycka, Rajiv T Erasmus, Masanori Iwasaki, Charmaine A. Duante, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Quang Ngoc La, Ricky Eddie, Petra Rust, Daniela Rodrigues, Dirk De Bacquer, Karen Sparrenberger, Agneta Sjöberg, Thet Thet Mu, Katarzyna Dereń, Cora L. Craig, Jorge Motta, Janina Petkeviciene, Boyd Swinburn, Paibul Suriyawongpaisal, Visnja Djordjic, Ramón Alberto Rascón-Pacheco, Pradeep Joshi, Daan Kromhout, Marius B. Bjertness, Stefano Marventano, Juel Jarani, Alireza Khosravi, Eva Martos, David De Ridder, Lizzy M. Brewster, Nico Dragano, Liam Smeeth, Kenji Shibuya, Emma Ruiz Moreno, Hashem Jaddou, Grzegorz Sobek, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Marvin Cervantes-Loaiza, Abu Am Hanif, Elaine M. Murtagh, Carlos A. Aguilar-Salinas, Graziella D'Arrigo, Kyungwon Oh, Heiner Boeing, Regina Heidinger-Felso, André Luiz Sena Guimarães, Balkish M. Naidu, Avula Laxmaiah, Ana M. B. Menezes, Marie Eliasen, Francesco Pistelli, Yuan He, Dusko Bjelica, José A. Casajús, Guang Ning, Lutgart Braeckman, Dirk Vanderschueren, Jochanan Stessman, Ivana Radic, Yi Zeng, Hans Concin, Damaskini Valvi, Sari Hantunen, Catherine Kyobutungi, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Wenhua Zhao, Sok King Ong, Anne W. Taylor, Iraj Nabipour, Justyna Godos, Cyrus Cooper, Mattias Johansson, Samuel C. Dumith, Magdalena Muc, Sabine Schipf, Idowu O Senbanjo, Jim Mann, Rajaa Al-Raddadi, Yih Chung Tham, Kay-Tee Khaw, Joseph Cacciottolo, Ana Henriques, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Reza Mohammadpourhodki, Bernhard O. Boehm, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Iveta Pudule, Elisabete Ramos, Lacramioara Aurelia Brinduse, Paul H. Lee, Terence W O'Neill, Javad Aghazadeh-Attari, Margus Punab, Bojan Jelaković, Camilla T. Damsgaard, Takafumi Ishida, Ekaterina Chikova-Iscener, Mirjam M. Heinen, Tazeen H. Jafar, Semánová Csilla, Constance Schultsz, Santiago F. Gomez, Raija Korpelainen, Edward W. Gregg, Laura Gutierrez, Pierre Traissac, Victor M. Herrera, Aristides M. Machado-Rodrigues, Fatemeh Malekzadeh, Shouling Wu, Jennifer L. Baker, Clicerio González-Villalpando, Eleonora d'Orsi, Irene G. M. van Valkengoed, Anna Fijałkowska, Wen-Harn Pan, Gregor Starc, Meghnath Dhimal, Murat Topbaş, George Moschonis, Robert Eggertsen, Abdullah Alkandari, Quang Ngoc Nguyen, Janette Walton, Elnaz Faramarzi, Saeed Dastgiri, Lien Braeckevelt, Nasheeta Peer, Radka Taxová Braunerová, Mohamed M. Ali, Steiner Krokstad, Harald Geiger, Morteza Shamshirgaran, Lela Shengelia, María Ángeles Dal Re Saavedra, Silvana Donoso, Khem Bahadur Karki, Timothy J. Key, Maria G. Grammatikopoulou, Susana Vale, Felix K. Assah, Juan A Rivera, Peter H. Whincup, Oana-Florentina Gheorghe-Fronea, Cassiano Ricardo Rech, Paul Ferdinand M. Reganit, Rachakulla Hari Kumar, Jaakko Mursu, Luis A. Moreno, Glen Gironella, Jelena Kos, Tilema Cama, Haakon E. Meyer, Jun Ma, Raphael E. Arku, Ziad Abdeen, Dianna J. Magliano, Jitendra Jonnagaddala, Konstantinos Gkiouras, Paola Nardone, Alberto Barceló, Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen, Francesco Gianfagna, Stefania Maggi, Mohammad Hossein Somi, Behrooz Hamzeh, Miquel Porta, Vesna Jureša, Alexander D. Deev, David Faeh, Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz, Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Ian Hambleton, Stefan Savin, Andre Pascal Kengne, R. Krishna Kumar, Kurt Widhalm, Marco M Ferrario, Parisa Amiri, Anjani Kumar Jha, Thamara Hubler Figueiró, Jana Kratenova, Claudia M. Hormiga, Maria Tsigga, Zivka Dika, Indrapal I. Meshram, Ei Ei K. Nang, Ian Rouse, Rusidah Selamat, Paul Korrovits, Grethe S. Tell, Julie Taylor, Anabela Mota-Pinto, Paolo Vineis, Kotsedi D Monyeki, Khuong Quynh Long, Frank J Rühli, Shelly R. McFarlane, Sara Santos Sanz, Edyta Łuszczki, Maria G. Stathopoulou, Tara Coppinger, Karin De Ridder, Lucie Viet, Anna Bugge, Mehdi Yaseri, Safiah Md Yusof, Sandra C. 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Patel, Reynaldo Martorell, Ching-Yu Cheng, Stine Schramm, Hana Shimizu-Furusawa, Jacek Jóźwiak, Radwan Qasrawi, Herman Borghs, Zhanna Kalmatayeva, Heidi Klakk, Akram Pourshams, Naomi S. Levitt, Son Thai Pham, Simona Giampaoli, Dong Zhao, Indah Suci Widyahening, Merete Osler, Paula Margozzini, Silvia Bel-Serrat, Dora Romaguera, Monira Alarouj, Winsome R. Parnell, Marloes Cardol, Giota Touloumi, Janice Luisa Lukrafka, Adela Chirita-Emandi, Maryam Kavousi, Sanja Musić Milanović, Jean-Michel Gaspoz, Jalila El Ati, Sauli Herrala, Liang Xu, Pilar Guallar-Castillón, Bee Koon Poh, Luis Serra-Majem, Jonathan E. Shaw, Belong Cho, Daphne Mirkopoulou, Salvador Villalpando, Yuki Fujita, Tiffany K. Gill, Nish Chaturvedi, Erkin M. Mirrakhimov, Günay Can, Mark Woodward, Esther Lopez-Garcia, Mauro Virgílio Gomes de Barros, Ahmed A. Madar, Shoaib Afzal, Melanie J. Cowan, Gareth Stratton, Eduardo Salazar Martinez, Sameer Narake, Norie Sawada, Deepak Amarapurkar, Deepa Weerasekera, Diana A. 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Chan School of Public Health, Middlesex University [London], Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) (UMR MoISA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut 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Ltd, Orebro University, University of London, Universitas Indonesia, Institute of Food and Nutrition Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, University of Cyprus, Niigata University, International Medical University, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Care, Peking University First Hospital, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Sun Yat-sen University, West Kazakhstan Medical University, Inner Mongolia Medical University, University of Ghana, Maria Lc Iurilli , Bin Zhou , James E Bennett , Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco , Marisa K Sophiea , Andrea Rodriguez-Martinez , Honor Bixby , Bethlehem D Solomon , Cristina Taddei , Goodarz Danaei , Mariachiara Di Cesare , Gretchen A Stevens , Leanne M Riley , Stefan Savin , Melanie J Cowan , Pascal Bovet , Albertino Damasceno , Adela Chirita-Emandi , Alison J Hayes , Nayu Ikeda , Rod T Jackson , Young-Ho Khang , Avula Laxmaiah , Jing 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Mišigoj-Durakovic , Antonio Mistretta , Veronica Mocanu , Pietro A Modesti , Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam , Bahram Mohajer , Mostafa K Mohamed , Shukri F Mohamed , Kazem Mohammad , Zahra Mohammadi , Noushin Mohammadifard , Reza Mohammadpourhodki , Viswanathan Mohan , Salim Mohanna , Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff , Iraj Mohebbi , Farnam Mohebi , Marie Moitry , Drude Molbo , Line T Møllehave , Niels C Møller , Dénes Molnár , Amirabbas Momenan , Charles K Mondo , Michele Monroy-Valle , Eric Monterrubio-Flores , Kotsedi Daniel K Monyeki , Jin Soo Moon , Mahmood Moosazadeh , Leila B Moreira , Alain Morejon , Luis A Moreno , Karen Morgan , Suzanne N Morin , Erik Lykke Mortensen , George Moschonis , Malgorzata Mossakowska , Aya Mostafa , Anabela Mota-Pinto , Jorge Mota , Mohammad Esmaeel Motlagh , Jorge Motta , Marcos André Moura-Dos-Santos , Malay K Mridha , Kelias P Msyamboza , Thet Thet Mu , Magdalena Muc , Boban Mugoša , Maria L Muiesan , Parvina Mukhtorova , Martina Müller-Nurasyid , Neil Murphy 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Thai Pham , Rafael N Pichardo , Daniela Pierannunzio , Iris Pigeot , Hynek Pikhart , Aida Pilav , Lorenza Pilotto , Francesco Pistelli , Freda Pitakaka , Aleksandra Piwonska , Andreia N Pizarro , Pedro Plans-Rubió , Bee Koon Poh , Hermann Pohlabeln , Raluca M Pop , Stevo R Popovic , Miquel Porta , Georg Posch , Anil Poudyal , Dimitrios Poulimeneas , Hamed Pouraram , Farhad Pourfarzi , Akram Pourshams , Hossein Poustchi , Rajendra Pradeepa , Alison J Price , Jacqueline F Price , Rui Providencia , Jardena J Puder , Iveta Pudule , Soile E Puhakka , Maria Puiu , Margus Punab , Radwan F Qasrawi , Mostafa Qorbani , Tran Quoc Bao , Ivana Radic , Ricardas Radisauskas , Salar Rahimikazerooni , Mahfuzar Rahman , Mahmudur Rahman , Olli Raitakari , Manu Raj , Ellina Rakhimova , Sherali Rakhmatulloev , Ivo Rakovac , Sudha Ramachandra Rao , Ambady Ramachandran , Jacqueline Ramke , Elisabete Ramos , Rafel Ramos , Lekhraj Rampal , Sanjay Rampal , Vayia Rarra , Ramon A Rascon-Pacheco , Mette Rasmussen , Cassiano Ricardo Rech , Josep Redon , Paul Ferdinand M Reganit , Valéria Regecová , Luis Revilla , Abbas Rezaianzadeh , Lourdes Ribas-Barba , Robespierre Ribeiro , Elio Riboli , Adrian Richter , Fernando Rigo , Natascia Rinaldo , Tobias F Rinke de Wit , Ana Rito , Raphael M Ritti-Dias , Juan A Rivera , Cynthia Robitaille , Romana Roccaldo , Daniela Rodrigues , Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo , María Del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez , Laura A Rodríguez-Villamizar , Ulla Roggenbuck , Rosalba Rojas-Martinez , Nipa Rojroongwasinkul , Dora Romaguera , Elisabetta L Romeo , Rafaela V Rosario , Annika Rosengren , Ian Rouse , Joel Gr Roy , Adolfo Rubinstein , Frank J Rühli , Jean-Bernard Ruidavets , Blanca Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt , Maria Ruiz-Castell , Emma Ruiz Moreno , Iuliia A Rusakova , Kenisha Russell Jonsson , Paola Russo , Petra Rust , Marcin Rutkowski , Charumathi Sabanayagam , Elena Sacchini , Harshpal S Sachdev , Alireza Sadjadi , Ali Reza Safarpour , Saeid Safiri , Nader Saki , Benoit Salanave , Eduardo Salazar Martinez , Diego Salmerón , Veikko Salomaa , Jukka T Salonen , Massimo Salvetti , Margarita Samoutian , Jose Sánchez-Abanto , Sandjaja , Susana Sans , Loreto Santa Marina , Diana A Santos , Ina S Santos , Lèlita C Santos , Maria Paula Santos , Osvaldo Santos , Rute Santos , Sara Santos Sanz , Jouko L Saramies , Luis B Sardinha , Nizal Sarrafzadegan , Thirunavukkarasu Sathish , Kai-Uwe Saum , Savvas Savva , Mathilde Savy , Norie Sawada , Mariana Sbaraini , Marcia Scazufca , Beatriz D Schaan , Angelika Schaffrath Rosario , Herman Schargrodsky , Anja Schienkiewitz , Sabine Schipf , Carsten O Schmidt , Ida Maria Schmidt , Peter Schnohr , Ben Schöttker , Sara Schramm , Stine Schramm , Helmut Schröder , Constance Schultsz , Aletta E Schutte , Aye Aye Sein , Rusidah Selamat , Vedrana Sember , Abhijit Sen , Idowu O Senbanjo , Sadaf G Sepanlou , Victor Sequera , Luis Serra-Majem , Jennifer Servais , Ludmila Ševcíková , Svetlana A Shalnova , Teresa Shamah-Levy , 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Paola, Nauck, Matthia, Neal, William A, Nejatizadeh, Azim, Nekkantti, Chandini, Nelis, Keiu, Nelis, Lii, Nenko, Ilona, Neovius, Martin, Nervi, Flavio, Nguyen, Chung T, Nguyen, Nguyen D, Nguyen, Quang Ngoc, Nieto-Martínez, Ramfis E, Nikitin, Yury P, Ning, Guang, Ninomiya, Toshiharu, Nishtar, Sania, Noale, Marianna, Noboa, Oscar A, Nogueira, Helena, Norat, Teresa, Nordendahl, Maria, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Noto, Davide, Nowak-Szczepanska, Natalia, Al Nsour, Mohannad, Nuhoglu, Irfan, Nurk, Eha, O'Neill, Terence W, O'Reilly, Dermot, Obreja, Galina, Ochimana, Caleb, Ochoa-Avilés, Angélica M, Oda, Eiji, Oh, Kyungwon, Ohara, Kumiko, Ohlsson, Clae, Ohtsuka, Ryutaro, Olafsson, Örn, Olinto, Maria Teresa A, Oliveira, Isabel O, Omar, Mohd Azahadi, Onat, Altan, Ong, Sok King, Ono, Lariane M, Ordunez, Pedro, Ornelas, Rui, Ortiz, Ana P, Ortiz, Pedro J, Osler, Merete, Osmond, Clive, Ostojic, Sergej M, Ostovar, Afshin, Otero, Johanna A, Overvad, Kim, Owusu-Dabo, Elli, Paccaud, Fred Michel, Padez, 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Salvador, Vineis, Paolo, Vioque, Jesu, Virtanen, Jyrki K, Visser, Marjolein, Visvikis-Siest, Sophie, Viswanathan, Bharathi, Vladulescu, Mihaela, Vlasoff, Tiina, Vocanec, Dorja, Vollenweider, Peter, Völzke, Henry, Voutilainen, Ari, Voutilainen, Sari, Vrijheid, Martine, Vrijkotte, Tanja GM, Wade, Alisha N, Wagner, Aline, Waldhör, Thoma, Walton, Janette, Wambiya, Elvis OA, Bebakar, Wan Mohamad Wan, Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon Wan, de Souza Wanderley Júnior, Rildo, Wang, Ming-Dong, Wang, Ningli, Wang, Qian, Wang, Xiangjun, Wang, Ya Xing, Wang, Ying-Wei, Wannamethee, S Goya, Wareham, Nichola, Weber, Adelheid, Wedderkopp, Niel, Weerasekera, Deepa, Weghuber, Daniel, Wei, Wenbin, Weres, Aneta, Werner, Bo, Whincup, Peter H, Widhalm, Kurt, Widyahening, Indah S, Wiecek, Andrzej, Wilks, Rainford J, Willeit, Johann, Willeit, Peter, Williams, Julianne, Wilsgaard, Tom, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Wong-McClure, Roy A, Wong, Andrew, Wong, Jyh Eiin, Wong, Tien Yin, Woo, Jean, Woodward, Mark, Wu, Frederick C, Wu, Jianfeng, Wu, Li Juan, Wu, Shouling, Xu, Haiquan, Xu, Liang, Yaacob, Nor Azwany, Yamborisut, Uruwan, Yan, Weili, Yang, Ling, Yang, Xiaoguang, Yang, Yang, Yardim, Nazan, Yaseri, Mehdi, Yasuharu, Tabara, Ye, Xingwang, Yiallouros, Panayiotis K, Yoosefi, Moein, Yoshihara, Akihiro, You, Qi Sheng, You, San-Lin, Younger-Coleman, Novie O, Md Yusof, Safiah, Yusoff, Ahmad Faudzi, Zaccagni, Luciana, Zafiropulos, Vassili, Zainuddin, Ahmad A, Zakavi, Seyed Rasoul, Zamani, Farhad, Zambon, Sabina, Zampelas, Antoni, Zamrazilová, Hana, Zapata, Maria Elisa, Zargar, Abdul Hamid, Ko Zaw, Ko, Zdrojewski, Tomasz, Zejglicova, Kristyna, Vrkic, Tajana Zeljkovic, Zeng, Yi, Zhang, Luxia, Zhang, Zhen-Yu, Zhao, Dong, Zhao, Ming-Hui, Zhao, Wenhua, Zhen, Shiqi, Zheng, Wei, Zheng, Yingfeng, Zholdin, Bekbolat, Zhou, Maigeng, Zhu, Dan, Zins, Marie, Zitt, Emanuel, Zocalo, Yanina, Cisneros, Julio Zuñiga, Zuziak, Monika, Ezzati, Majid, Filippi, Sarah, Cohortes épidémiologiques en population (CONSTANCES), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: Population -- Health aspects, Leanness, Baixo peso/Underweight, none, Double burden, alipainoisuus, tulotaso, global health, systematic analysis, Sedentary behaviors, RC1200, Prospective associations, 0302 clinical medicine, underweight, nälänhätä, Biology (General), skin and connective tissue diseases, Children, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Body mass index, Human Nutrition & Health, education.field_of_study, Humane Voeding & Gezondheid, ylipaino, General Medicine, kansainvälinen vertailu, 3. Good health, World health, Medicine, A100 Pre-clinical Medicine, Population distribution, medicine.medical_specialty, QH301-705.5, Science, Socio-culturale, Nursing, Social sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Thinness, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, BMI, epidemiology, obesity, None, Humans, Obesidade/Obesity, SDG 2 - Zero Hunger, education, VLAG, US adults, Omvårdnad, body mass index, malnutrition, obesity, underweight, nutritional and metabolic diseases, medicine.disease, terveellisyys, Obesity, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, Body Mass Index, Prevalence, Risk Factors, General Biochemistry, WIAS, lihavuus, RA, Demography, N.A, double burden, Settore MED/09 - Medicina Interna, alueelliset erot, Nutrition and Disease, Animal Nutrition, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medizin, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 0601 Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Change distribution of body mass index, RA0421, Voeding en Ziekte, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Sciences, Global health, Índice de massa corporal/Body Mass Index, 030212 general & internal medicine, Underweight, painoindeksi, 2. Zero hunger, General Neuroscience, aliravitsemus, elintarvikkeet, health, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Diervoeding, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.01.03 [https], Chinese adults, pooled analysis, medicine.symptom, Diet quality, B120 Physiology, Research Article, trends, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.06.03 [https], prevalence, Population, Mothers, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 3121 Internal medicine, medicine, Life Science, ddc:610, 3125 Otorhinolaryngology, ophthalmology, kehonkoostumus, Nutrition, Australian adults, General Immunology and Microbiology, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.01.04 [https], Ciências sociais, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Malnutrition, Epidemiology and Global Health, sense organs, Estilos de Vida e Impacto na Saúde
Abstract: From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions., Wellcome Trust, Medical Research Council, peer-reviewed
Published: 2021

6. Overview of national health reporting in the EU and quality criteria for public health reports – results of the Joint Action InfAct

Author: A Fehr, M Tijhuis, P Achterberg, Brigid Unim, Luigi Palmieri, Martin Thissen, Thomas Ziese, and Stefanie Seeling
Subjects: National health, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Public health, Research, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Dissemination, Public relations, Recommendations, Reporting format, Joint action, Public health report, Health information, medicine, Health reporting, Quality criteria, Quality (business), Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Inequalities, business, Target group, media_common
Abstract: Background Health reporting shall provide up-to-date health-related data to inform policy-makers, researchers and the public. To this end, health reporting formats should be tailored to the needs and competencies of the target groups and provide comparable and high-quality information. Within the Joint Action on Health Information ‘InfAct’, we aimed at gaining an overview of health reporting practices in the EU Member States and associated countries, and developed quality criteria for the preparation of public health reports. The results are intended to facilitate making health information adequately available while reducing inequalities in health reporting across the EU. Methods A web-based desk research was conducted among EU Member States and associated countries to generate an overview of different formats of national health reporting and their respective target groups. To identify possible quality criteria for public health reports, an exploratory literature review was performed and earlier projects were analysed. The final set of criteria was developed in exchange with experts from the InfAct consortium. Results The web-based desk research showed that public health reports are the most frequently used format across countries (94%), most often addressed to scientists and researchers (51%), politicians and decision-makers (41%). However, across all reporting formats, the general public is the most frequently addressed target group. With regards to quality criteria for public health reports, the literature review has yielded few results. Therefore, two earlier projects served as main sources: the ‘Evaluation of National and Regional Public Health Reports’ and the guideline ‘Good Practice in Health Reporting‘from Germany. In collaboration with experts, quality criteria were identified and grouped into eight categories, ranging from topic selection to presentation of results, and compiled in a checklist for easy reference. Conclusion Health reporting practices in the EU are heterogeneous across Member States. The assembled quality criteria are intended to facilitate the preparation, dissemination and access to better comparable high-quality public health reports as a basis for evidence-based decision-making. A comprehensive conceptual and integrative approach that incorporates the policy perspective would be useful to investigate which dissemination strategies are the most suitable for specific requirements of the targeted groups.
Published: 2021

7. Cross-national comparisons of health indicators require standardized definitions and common data sources

Author: Hanna Tolonen, Jaakko Reinikainen, Päivikki Koponen, Hanna Elonheimo, Luigi Palmieri, Mariken J. Tijhuis, and for the Joint Action on Health Information (InfAct)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Standardization, Environmental health, Health care, Comparability, Medicine, Social determinants of health, Obesity, Health policy, business.industry, Public health, Research, Diabetes, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Health services research, International health, medicine.disease, Health indicator, Asthma, Geography, Health promotion, Health information, Indicator, Hypertension, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, business, Cross national
Abstract: Background Health indicators are used to monitor the health status and determinants of health of the population and population sub-groups, identify existing or emerging health problems which would require prevention and health promotion activities, help to target health care resources in the most adequate way as well as for evaluation of the success of public health actions both at the national and international level. The quality and validity of the health indicator depends both on available data and used indicator definition. In this study we will evaluate existing knowledge about comparability of different data sources for definition of health indicators, compare how selected health indicators presented in different international databases possibly differ, and finally, present the results from a case study from Finland on comparability of health indicators derived from different data sources at national level. Methods For comparisons, four health indicators were selected that were commonly available in international databases and available for the Finnish case study. These were prevalence of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and asthma in the adult populations. Our evaluation has three parts: 1) a scoping review of the latest literature, 2) comparison of the prevalences presented in different international databases, and 3) a case study using data from Finland. Results Literature shows that comparability of estimated outcomes for health indicators using different data sources such as self-reported questionnaire data from surveys, measured data from surveys or data from administrative health registers, varies between indicators. Also, the case study from Finland showed that diseases which require regular health care visits such as diabetes, comparability is high while for health outcomes which can remain asymptomatic for a long time such as hypertension, comparability is lower. In different international health related databases, country specific results differ due to variations in the used data sources but also due to differences in indicator definitions. Conclusions Reliable comparison of the health indicators over time and between regions within a country or across the countries requires common indicator definitions, similar data sources and standardized data collection methods.
Published: 2021

8. The health equity in all policies (HEiAP) approach before and beyond the Covid-19 pandemic in the Italian context

Author: Giada Minelli, E. Medda, Raffaella Bucciardini, P. De Castro, Chiara Donfrancesco, Valentina Minardi, Silvia Rossi, Rita Maria Ferrelli, Anna Maria Giammarioli, Loredana Falzano, Benedetta Mattioli, Roberto Pasetto, E. Pizzi, Luigi Palmieri, B Contoli, and A. Venerosi
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Economic growth, Health Policy, Public health, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, MEDLINE, Health services research, Context (language use), lcsh:RA1-1270, Health equity, Political science, Pandemic, medicine, Commentary, Health policy, Social policy
Published: 2020

9. Time trends in ischaemic heart disease incidence and mortality over three decades (1990-2019) in 20 Western European countries: systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Federico Vancheri, Lars Backlund, Luigi Palmieri, Chiara Donfrancesco, A. R. Tate, Michael Y. Henein, and Lars-Erik Strender
Subjects: Burden of disease, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, business.industry, Time trends, Public health, Incidence (epidemiology), Mortality rate, Incidence, Myocardial Ischemia, Coronary Artery Disease, Global Health, Global Burden of Disease, Income, Medicine, Humans, Ischaemic heart disease, Mortality, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Demography
Abstract: AimsTo investigate and compare changes in the rates of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) incidence and mortality between 1990 and 2019 in 20 high-income Western European countries with similar public health systems and low cardiovascular risk.Methods and resultsThe 2020 updated version of the Global Burden of Disease database was searched. Variability and differences in IHD incidence and mortality rates (per 100 000) between countries over time, were calculated. A piecewise linear (join point) regression model was used to identify the slopes of these trends and the points in time at which significant changes in the trends occur. Ischaemic heart disease incidence and mortality rates varied widely between countries but decreased for all between 1990 and 2019. The relative change was greater for mortality than for incidence. Ischaemic heart disease incidence rates declined by approximately 36% between 1990 and 2019, while mortality declined by approximately 60%. Breakpoint analysis showed that the largest decreases in incidence and mortality occurred between 1990 and 2009 (−32%, −52%, respectively), with a much slower decrease after that (−5.9%, −17.6%, respectively), and even a slight increase for some countries in recent years. The decline in both incidence and mortality was lower in the Mediterranean European countries compared to the Nordic and Central European regions.ConclusionsIn the Western European countries studied, the decline in age-standardized IHD incidence over three decades was slower than the decline in age-standardized IHD mortality. Decreasing trends of both IHD incidence and mortality has substantially slowed, and for some countries flattened, in more recent years.
Published: 2021

10. Trend of salt intake measured by 24-h urine collection in the Italian adult population between the 2008 and 2018 CUORE project surveys

Author: Roberto Iacone, Brigitta Buttari, Cinzia Lo Noce, Daniela Galeone, Serena Vannucchi, Simona Giampaoli, Michele Massimo Gulizia, Ornella Russo, Pasquale Strazzullo, Luigi Palmieri, Francesca Vespasiano, Paolo Bellisario, Graziano Onder, Daniela Minutoli, Ferruccio Galletti, Chiara Donfrancesco, Anna Di Lonardo, Elisabetta Profumo, Donfrancesco, C., Lo Noce, C., Russo, O., Minutoli, D., Di Lonardo, A., Profumo, E., Buttari, B., Iacone, R., Vespasiano, F., Vannucchi, S., Onder, G., Galletti, F., Galeone, D., Bellisario, P., Gulizia, M. M., Giampaoli, S., Palmieri, L., and Strazzullo, P.
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Epidemiology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Population, Adult population, Medicine (miscellaneous), 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Urinalysis, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Recommended Dietary Allowances, Diet Surveys, Excretion, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Sodium Chloride, Dietary, Salt intake, education, Aged, 24 h urine, education.field_of_study, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Feeding Behavior, Diet, Sodium-Restricted, Middle Aged, Non-communicable disease, Diet, Cross-Sectional Studies, Italy, Chronic Disease, Female, Christian ministry, Diet, Healthy, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Risk Reduction Behavior, Body mass index, Demography
Abstract: Background and aims: The WHO Global Action Plan for the Prevention of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) recommends a 30% relative reduction in mean population salt/sodium intake. The study assessed the trend in the habitual salt intake of the Italian adult population from 2008 to 2012 to 2018–2019 based on 24-h urinary sodium excretion, in the framework of the CUORE Project/MINISAL-GIRCSI/MENO SALE PIU’ SALUTE national surveys. Methods and results: Data were from cross-sectional surveys of randomly selected age and sex–stratified samples of resident persons aged 35–74 years in 10 (out of 20) Italian Regions distributed in North, Centre and South of the Country. Urinary sodium and creatinine measurements were carried out in a central laboratory. The analyses included 942 men and 916 women examined in 2008–2012, and 967 men and 1010 women examined in 2018–2019. The age-standardized mean daily population salt (sodium chloride) intake was 10.8 g (95% CI 10.5–11.1) in men and 8.3 g (8.1–8.5) in women in 2008–2012 and respectively 9.5 g (9.3–9.8) and 7.2 g (7.0–7.4) in 2018–2019. A statistically significant (p
Published: 2021

11. Prevalence of COVID-19-related symptoms by age group

Author: Cinzia Lo Noce, Silvio Brusaferro, Brigid Unim, Luigi Palmieri, and Graziano Onder
Subjects: Aging, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Fever, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Severe disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 80 and over, Prevalence, Medicine, Humans, In patient, 030212 general & internal medicine, Point of View, Aged, business.industry, Geriatrics gerontology, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Older adults, Symptoms, Aged, 80 and over, Italy, Diarrhea, Geriatrics and Gerontology, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has caused over 95 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 and over 2 million deaths worldwide. According to current literature data, older adults have higher risk of severe disease and mortality due to COVID-19. It is also known that older adults often do not present typical symptoms of diseases. The aim of the study was to assess if the prevalence of typical COVID-19-related symptoms varies by age group. Methods Medical charts of a random sample of COVID-19 patients dying in-hospital were retrieved through an integrated national surveillance system and reviewed by a group of researchers at the Italian National Institute of Health. Detailed information on COVID-19-related symptoms were extracted and analyzed. Results 3241 confirmed cases of COVID-19-related deaths were identified from 4391 reviewed medical charts. The mean number of COVID-19-related symptoms progressively declined with age, from 2.1 in patients aged
Published: 2021

12. Predictive Importance of Blood Pressure Characteristics With Increasing Age in Healthy Men and Women: The MORGAM Project

Author: Matti Savallampi, Wojciech Drygas, Tarja Palosaari, Sameline Grimsgaard, Giancarlo Cesana, Marie Moitry, Simona Giampaoli, Peter M. Nilsson, Susana Sans, Kari Kuulasmaa, Sara V. Greve, Annette Peters, Anna Meta Dyrvig Kristensen, Luigi Palmieri, Jean Ferrières, Giovanni Veronesi, Manan Pareek, Hermann Brenner, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Stefan Söderberg, Frank Kee, Jean Dallongeville, Stephane Laurent, Veikko Salomaa, Chiara Donfrancesco, Giuseppe Mancia, Michael H. Olsen, Julie K K Vishram-Nielsen, Guido Grassi, Allan Linneberg, Vishram-Nielsen, J, Kristensen, A, Pareek, M, Laurent, S, Nilsson, P, Linneberg, A, Greve, S, Palmieri, L, Giampaoli, S, Donfrancesco, C, Kee, F, Mancia, G, Cesana, G, Veronesi, G, Grassi, G, Kuulasmaa, K, Salomaa, V, Palosaari, T, Sans, S, Ferrieres, J, Dallongeville, J, Söderberg, S, Moitry, M, Drygas, W, Tamosiunas, A, Peters, A, Brenner, H, Grimsgaard, S, Savallampi, M, and Olsen, M
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Global Health, Risk Assessment, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Sex Factors, Vascular Stiffness, cardiovascular disease, Internal medicine, blood pressure, myocardial infarction, prognosis, risk factor, Cause of Death, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Risk factor, Mortality, Correlation of Data, Aged, business.industry, Age Factors, Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Blood pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart Disease Risk Factors, Hypertension, Cardiology, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Disease, Myocardial Infarction, Risk Factor, Female, business, prognosi
Abstract: It remains unclear which blood pressure (BP) characteristics best predict cardiovascular risk in different age groups and between sexes. We leveraged data from the MORGAM (MONICA [Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease], Risk, Genetics, Archiving and Monograph) Project to investigate determinants of BP characteristics and their prognostic importance, in younger and older (P interaction P P P P =0.03), enhanced continuous net reclassification improvement (0.150 [95% CI, 0.087–0.215]) and improved the prognostic value of the European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Hypertension hypertension definition (categorical net reclassification improvement=0.0255, P =0.005). In conclusion, diastolic BP may provide additional prognostic utility beyond systolic BP, in predicting composite cardiovascular events among younger individuals.
Published: 2021

13. Evolution of Pathology Patterns in Persons Who Died From COVID-19 in Italy: A National Study Based on Death Certificates

Author: Francesco Grippo, Enrico Grande, Alice Maraschini, Simone Navarra, Marilena Pappagallo, Stefano Marchetti, Roberta Crialesi, Luisa Frova, Chiara Orsi, Silvia Simeoni, Annamaria Carinci, Giuseppe Loreto, Chiara Donfrancesco, Cinzia Lo Noce, Luigi Palmieri, Xanthi Andrianou, Alberto Mateo Urdiales, Graziano Onder, Giada Minelli, and Italian National Institute of Health COVID-19 Mortality Group
Subjects: lcsh:R5-920, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, General Medicine, Disease, medicine.disease, comorbidities, Comorbidity, mortality, Hypertensive heart disease, cause of death, Respiratory failure, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, surveillance, Dementia, Medicine, lcsh:Medicine (General), business, Disease burden, Cause of death, Original Research
Abstract: Background: In Italy, during the first epidemic wave of 2020, the peak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality was reached at the end of March. Afterward, a progressive reduction was observed until much lower figures were reached during the summer, resulting from the contained circulation of SARS-CoV-2. This study aimed to determine if and how the pathological patterns of the individuals deceased from COVID-19 changed during the phases of epidemic waves in terms of: (i) main cause of death, (ii) comorbidities, and (iii) complications related to death.Methods: Death certificates of persons who died and tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, provided by the National Surveillance system, were coded according to ICD rev10. Deaths due to COVID-19 were defined as those in which COVID-19 was the underlying cause of death.Results: The percentage of COVID-19 deaths varied over time. It decreased in the downward phase of the epidemic curve (76.6 vs. 88.7%). In February–April 2020, hypertensive heart disease was mentioned as a comorbidity in 18.5% of death certificates, followed by diabetes (15.9% of cases), ischemic heart disease (13.1%), and neoplasms (12.1%). In May–September, the most frequent comorbidity was neoplasms (17.3% of cases), followed by hypertensive heart disease (14.9%), diabetes (14.8%), and dementia/Alzheimer's disease (11.9%). The most mentioned complications in both periods were pneumonia and respiratory failure with a frequency far higher than any other condition (78.4% in February–April 2020 and 63.7% in May–September 2020).Discussion: The age of patients dying from COVID-19 and their disease burden increased in the May–September 2020 period. A more serious disease burden was observed in this period, with a significantly higher frequency of chronic pathologies. Our study suggests better control of the virus' lethality in the second phase of the epidemic, when the health system was less burdened. Moreover, COVID-19 care protocols had been created in hospitals, and knowledge about the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 had improved, potentially leading to more accurate diagnosis and better treatment. All these factors may have improved survival in patients with COVID-19 and led to a shift in mortality to older, more vulnerable, and complex patients.
Published: 2020

14. Cardiovascular risk in patients with severe mental illness in Italy

Author: Claudio Mencacci, Virginio Salvi, C. Donfrancesco, Luigi Palmieri, Andrea Aguglia, Francesco Barone-Adesi, Mario Amore, Gianluca Serafini, Davide Bianchi, and Filippo Dragogna
Subjects: Adult, Male, cardiovascular risk, medicine.medical_specialty, Bipolar Disorder, Health Status, Population, Life Expectancy, Risk Factors, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Acute care, severe mental illness, Medicine, Humans, Bipolar disorder, Cardiovascular risk, Schizophrenia, Severe mental illness, education, Aged, Metabolic Syndrome, education.field_of_study, Framingham Risk Score, business.industry, Mental Disorders, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, schizophrenia, Psychiatry and Mental health, Blood pressure, Italy, Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart Disease Risk Factors, Hypertension, Female, Metabolic syndrome, business, Research Article
Abstract: Background Patients with severe mental illness (SMI), such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorders, are more frequently affected by metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular (CV) diseases than the general population, with a significant reduction in life expectancy. Beyond metabolic syndrome, quantifying the risk of CV morbidity in the long-term may help clinicians to put in place preventive strategies. In this study, we assessed 10-year CV risk in patients with SMI and healthy individuals using an algorithm validated on the Italian general population. Methods Patients aged 35–69 years diagnosed with SMI were consecutively recruited from psychiatric acute care units. Single CV risk factors were assessed, and 10-year CV risk calculated by means of the CUORE Project 10-year CV risk algorithm, based on the combination of the following risk factors: age, systolic blood pressure, total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, diabetes, smoking habit, and hypertensive treatment. Patients’ data were compared with those from the general population. The 10-year CV risk was log-transformed, and multivariable linear regression was used to estimate mean ratios, adjusting for age, and education. Results Three hundred patients and 3,052 controls were included in the analysis. Among men, the 10-year CV risk score was very similar between patients with SMI and the general population (mean ratio [MR]: 1.02; 95%CI 0.77–1.37), whereas a 39% increase in 10-year CV risk was observed in women with SMI compared to the general population (MR: 1.39; 95%CI 1.16–1.66). Conclusions In our study, women with SMI were consistently more at risk than the general population counterpart, even at younger age.
Published: 2020

15. National nodes: a tool to enable efficient work of Distributed Infrastructure on Population Health

Author: P Bogaert, Luigi Palmieri, H Van Oyen, L A Abboud, M. Zaletel, and Hanna Tolonen
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Health services, Knowledge management, Work (electrical), business.industry, Epidemiology, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine, Business, Telehealth, Population health
Abstract: The European framework of health information (HI) consists - besides the supra-national framework - of national frameworks of health infrastructures. It is therefore essential to strengthening capacities to provide HI and carry out research in countries. Nowadays, one can experience lack of coordination, communication and cooperation between stakeholders in a country, leading to overlap or duplication of research and field-work. InfAct proposes a tool to overcome a majority of these difficulties by encouraging MSs to establish national nodes (NN) as a national focal point for DIPoH. A NN is a building block of DIPoH often coordinated by a national institution or governmental unit that functions as a NN and brings together relevant national stakeholders in an organised way. Researchers from public health institutes and research groups constitute the NN to share expertise and updated knowledge on HI with each other. Currently, there are some active NN in the EU, with differences in scope, scale and initial purpose, due to different organisation of HI systems in countries. Such heterogeneity can also be found in national eHealth strategies. Diverse organizational arrangements exist which has proven to influence collaborative activities. At the same time new needs are arising, such as to better bridge the digital HI between research and health care, so that our health care systems can faster contribute to integrated data driven insights. This also relates to the debate on the Health Data Space, which creation is stated in the mission letter to the new European Commissioner for Health. For example, the eHealth Network has been discussing policy documents targeted at national level policy with regard to the organization of National eHealth Networks. In this pitch presentation, an overview of different practices will be presented with proposals for future work in this area, including the role of NN in DIPoH and proposals for their sustainability. Panelists: H Van Oyen Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium Contact: herman.vanoyen@sciensano.be S Montante Brussels Liaison Office, National Institute of Health of Italy (ISS), Brussels, Belgium Contact: sabrina.montante@iss.it E Bacry Health Data Hub, Santś publique France, Paris, France E Bernal-Delgado Health Services and Policy Research Group, Institute for Health Sciences in Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain Contact: ebernal.iacs@aragon.es C Sousa Pinto Advanced Analytics and Intelligence, Shared Services In Ministry Of Health, Lisbon, Portugal Contact: catiasousapinto@gmail.com
Published: 2020

16. The CUORE project cardiovascular risk assessment in primary care: the ongoing experience in Italy

Author: Tiziana Grisetti, Serena Vannucchi, Brigid Unim, Luigi Palmieri, C. Meduri, A Di Lonardo, Chiara Donfrancesco, and C Lo Noce
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Primary health care, Primary care, medicine.disease, CUORE, Blood pressure, Primary prevention, Diabetes mellitus, Emergency medicine, medicine, Risk assessment, business, Health policy
Abstract: Background Italian National Prevention Plan 2005-08 included 10-year cardiovascular risk assessment (10-CR) for the general population aged 35-69 years using the CUORE Project risk score. GPs were encouraged to perform 10-CR and send data to the Cardiovascular Risk Observatory (CRO). Aim To show updated data of the ongoing surveillance system of the 10-CR in the Italian adult population. Methods Data were collected using the cuore.exe software, freely downloadable by GPs from the CUORE Project website (www.cuore.iss.it). The CRO provides a web-platform to compare data on 10-CR and risk factors at regional/national level. For persons examined at least twice, variations in risk factors from baseline to follow-up and 95% confidence intervals (C.I.) were calculated using methods for matched pair samples. Results Up to February 2019, about 3,500 GPs downloaded cuore.exe; about 300,000 CR assessments on about 140,000 persons were sent to CRO. Mean CR was 3.1% in women (W), 8.5% in men (M); 28% of M, 64% of W were at low risk (CR Conclusions Data demonstrate that 10-CR assessment can be an effective first step to implement preventive actions in primary care. Individual risk score is a useful tool for GPs to assess CR and promote primary prevention focusing on the adoption of healthy lifestyles. Data can be used to support health policy decision process. Key messages The cuore.exe software, freely downloadable from the CUORE Project website-www.cuore.iss.it, allows GPs to assess the CUORE Project risk score, to collect and to send data to the CVD Risk Observatory. 10 year Cardiovascular Risk assessment in the general adult population can be an effective first step to implement preventive actions in primary care.
Published: 2020

17. Raised blood pressure in Italy: results of the CUORE Project-health examination survey 2018-2019

Author: Luigi Palmieri, Brigitta Buttari, Daniela Minutoli, Ferruccio Galletti, Elisabetta Profumo, Chiara Donfrancesco, C Lo Noce, Paolo Bellisario, Simona Giampaoli, and A Di Lonardo
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Health examination, CUORE, business.industry, Family medicine, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Medicine, Raised blood pressure, business
Abstract: Background The WHO Global Action Plan for the Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease (WHO-NCD) recommends a 25% relative reduction in the prevalence of raised blood pressure (RBP) by 2025. Prevalence of RBP and mean blood pressure in the Italian general adult population measured in the 2018 CUORE Project-Health Examination Survey are presented to investigate if Italy can reach this target. Methods Within the health examination survey conducted in 2018-2019, representative random samples of resident population, aged 35-74 years, stratified by age and sex (822 men and 869 women) were examined in 8 Italian Regions from the Northern, Central and Southern Italy. Blood pressure was measured by automated oscillometric device using standardized procedures and methods; mean level of two measurements are here considered. RBP is defined as systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure equal or greater than 140/90 mmHg or being under specific drug treatment. The survey is funded by the Italian Ministry of Health-CCM. Results Preliminary analysis shows that prevalence of RBP is 43% (95% C.I. 40-47) in men and 32% (29-36) in women. Prevalence of persons with raised blood pressure and not receiving pharmacological treatment is 19% (15-22) in men and 9% (5-12) in women. In men and women prevalence of raised blood pressure is significantly higher in the Southern Regions. Mean value of systolic blood pressure is 131 mmHg (130-132) in men and 122 mmHg (121-123) in women. Mean value of diastolic blood pressure is 77 mmHg (76-78) in men and 73 mmHg (72-74) in women. Conclusions Preliminary data underline that RBP is commonly observed in the Italian adult population. However, in comparison to data measured within the CUORE Project 10 years earlier, prevalence of RBP and mean blood pressure are declining, facilitating the meeting of WHO-NCDs target. Key messages Raised blood pressure is commonly observed in the Italian general adult population. If confirmed, in the last ten years prevalence of raised blood pressure and mean blood pressure are declining in the Italian general adult population.
Published: 2020

18. Innovative use of data sources: a cross-sectional study of data linkage and artificial intelligence practices across European countries

Author: Emmanuelle Bauchet, Beatriz Pérez-Gómez, Håkon Haaheim, Rita Gaidelyte, Marie Delnord, Michel Vernay, Herman Van Oyen, Ondřej Májek, P Achterberg, Luigi Palmieri, Romana Haneef, M Tijhuis, Anne Gallay, Hanna Tolonen, Stefan Mathis-Edenhofer, Metka Zaletel, Zeynep Or, Unión Europea, and European Union
Subjects: Health indicators, Artificial intelligence, medicine.medical_specialty, DATABASES, Health intervention, Health informatics, information, Data governance, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Public health surveillance, Machine learning, Medicine and Health Sciences, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Innovation, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, RECORDS, POPULATION, Health policy, Linked data, business.industry, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Public health, Methodology, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Health services research, lcsh:RA1-1270, technique, Machine learning technique, Health status monitoring, Health indicator, Health information, Health, Business
Abstract: BackgroundThe availability of data generated from different sources is increasing with the possibility to link these data sources with each other. However, linked administrative data can be complex to use and may require advanced expertise and skills in statistical analysis. The main objectives of this study were to describe the current use of data linkage at the individual level and artificial intelligence (AI) in routine public health activities, to identify the related estimated health indicators (i.e., outcome and intervention indicators) and health determinants of non-communicable diseases and the obstacles to linking different data sources.MethodWe performed a survey across European countries to explore the current practices applied by national institutes of public health, health information and statistics for innovative use of data sources (i.e., the use of data linkage and/or AI).ResultsThe use of data linkage and AI at national institutes of public health, health information and statistics in Europe varies. The majority of European countries use data linkage in routine by applying a deterministic method or a combination of two types of linkages (i.e., deterministic & probabilistic) for public health surveillance and research purposes. The use of AI to estimate health indicators is not frequent at national institutes of public health, health information and statistics. Using linked data, 46 health outcome indicators, 34 health determinants and 23 health intervention indicators were estimated in routine. The complex data regulation laws, lack of human resources, skills and problems with data governance, were reported by European countries as obstacles to routine data linkage for public health surveillance and research.ConclusionsOur results highlight that the majority of European countries have integrated data linkage in their routine public health activities but only a few use AI. A sustainable national health information system and a robust data governance framework allowing to link different data sources are essential to support evidence-informed health policy development. Building analytical capacity and raising awareness of the added value of data linkage in national institutes is necessary for improving the use of linked data in order to improve the quality of public health surveillance and monitoring activities.
Published: 2020

19. Abstract P220: Obesity in the Italian Adult Population: Preliminary Results of the 2018-2019 Cuore Project-health Examination Survey

Author: Simona Giampaoli, Cinzia Lo Noce, Daniela Minutoli, Brigitta Buttari, Luigi Palmieri, Chiara Donfrancesco, Paolo Bellisario, Anna Di Lonardo, Elisabetta Profumo, Pasquale Strazzullo, and Serena Vannucchi
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Adult population, medicine.disease, Obesity, Health examination, CUORE, Increased risk, Physiology (medical), Diabetes mellitus, Epidemiology, medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Stroke
Abstract: Introduction: Obesity is associated to an increased risk of hypertension, non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, and cancers, and conditions including obstructive sleep apnoea and osteoarthritis. Obesity is largely preventable and one of the WHO Global Action Plan for the Prevention of NCDs targets is to halt its rise. Hypothesis: Between 2000 and 2016, obesity trends showed a steady increase in all WHO regions and income groups. This preliminary analysis aims to assess mean level of BMI and prevalence of obesity in the Italian general adult population using the data collected within the CUORE Project-health examination survey. Methods: Within the ongoing survey started in 2018, mean of BMI and prevalence of obesity (BMI>=30 kg/m 2 ) and overweight (252 ) were assessed in random samples of resident population, aged 35-74 years, stratified by age and sex (men 822 and women 869), from 8 Italian Regions in Northern, Central and Southern Italy. Weight and height were measured using standardized methodologies. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect data on education and physical inactivity. The survey is funded by the Italian Ministry of Health-CCM. Results: Mean values of BMI resulted 26.8 kg/m 2 (95% C.I. 26.5-27.1) in men and 25.9 kg/m 2 (25.6-26.3) in women. Prevalence of obesity was 19.0% (16.3-21.7) in men and 21.7% (19.0-24.5) in women; prevalence of overweight was 44.5% (41.1-47.9) in men and 28.4% (25.4-31.4) in women. Obesity levels resulted significantly higher in persons with lower education (primary or high school) vs those with higher level of education: 25.6% (20.0-31.1) vs 16.0% (13.0-19.0) in men and 32.5% (27.0-37.9) vs 16.7% (13.6-19.7) in women. Prevalence of physical inactivity during leisure time was 31.9 % (28.7-35.1) in men and 41.4% (38.2-44.7) in women. Both in men and women the prevalence of obesity was significantly higher in the Southern regions, likewise physical inactivity. Conclusions: Preliminary data of the first 8 Regions (out of 10 to be examined in the on-going survey) underline that more than half of Italian adults are in excess of weight. In comparison to data measured within the CUORE Project 10 years earlier, a slight increasing of normal weight men seems to occur moving in the direction of the WHO-NCDs obesity target.
Published: 2020

20. Abstract P532: The Italian Pilot of the Health Literacy Survey 2019 in the Cuore Project for the Who Action Network on Measuring Population and Organizational Health Literacy (m-pohl)

Author: Chiara Cadeddu, Simona Giampaoli, Cinzia Lo Noce, Aldo Rosano, Chiara Donfrancesco, Anna Acampora, Paola De Castro, Daniela Galeone, Valeria Mastrilli, Luigi Palmieri, and Roberto D Elia
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, education.field_of_study, Medical education, business.industry, Population, Health literacy, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life (healthcare), Action (philosophy), Physiology (medical), Epidemiology, medicine, Life course approach, Health education, 030212 general & internal medicine, Social determinants of health, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, education, business
Abstract: Background: Health Literacy-HL is an important determinant to improve and maintain health and quality of life during life course. HL implies people’s knowledge, motivation, competencies to access, understand, appraise, apply information to make judgements and decisions in everyday life concerning healthcare, disease prevention, health promotion. Thanks to the funds of the Italian Center for Diseases Control and Prevention-CCM of the Ministry of Health, Italy joined the WHO Action Network on Measuring Population and Organizational Health Literacy-M-POHL for collecting comparable data on HL in order to measure and promote citizens’ HL among MS. Objective: A pilot study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of the M-PHOL international questionnaire HLS-EU using the Italian version of the short form (HLS-EU-Q16 items), during the CUORE Project-Health Examination Survey 2018-2019. Methods: One hundred people aged 35-74 years, resident in the South of Italy, were face-to-face interviewed following consecutive access to the HES. The 4 Likert-type responses were grouped in 2 classes: 0 (zero) for fairly difficult/very difficult and 1 for fairly easy/very easy. According to the HLS-EU-Q16 sum score (range: 0–16), three levels of HL were defined: ‘Inadequate’ (0–8), ‘Problematic’ (9–12), ‘Sufficient’ (13–16). HL mean score and standard deviation-SD were elaborated together with prevalence of the three HL levels. Socio-demographics conditions, lifestyles, risk factors were measured during the HES. Means and prevalence were age and gender standardised using the European standard population. Results: Ninety-eight persons completed the questionnaire (47 men, 51 women); HL mean score was 13.1 (SD=3.2) with no sex difference; prevalence of persons with ‘Inadequate’ HL was 11.2%, ‘Problematic’ 26.5%, ‘Sufficient’ 62.3%. For persons with the highest educational level (Tertiary) the highest prevalence was in the ‘Sufficient’ HL (20.5%); in the same HL category, only 3.4% was the prevalence of those with the lowest educational level (Primary). Hypertension was lower in the ‘Sufficient’ HL category (37.9% vs. 45.1% in the ‘Inadequate’ HL). Smoking habit decreased with increasing HL level (21.3%, 19.0%, 5.4% in the three HL categories, respectively). Conclusion: More than one third of interviewed adult population had ‘Inadequate’/’Problematic’ HL. Preliminary results from the Italian pilot of the HLS-EU-Q16 within the HES of the CUORE Project suggest that the survey is an important opportunity for the possibility of linking HL data with HES measured data. A national survey on HL will be implemented in the Italian general population in the framework of the M-POHL network.
Published: 2020

21. Abstract P556: Blood Pressure in the Italian Adult Population: Preliminary Results of the 2018-2019 Cuore Project-Health Examination Survey

Author: Brigitta Buttari, Luigi Palmieri, Pasquale Strazzullo, Serena Vannucchi, Cinzia Lo Noce, Paolo Bellisario, Simona Giampaoli, Anna Di Lonardo, Chiara Donfrancesco, Elisabetta Profumo, and Daniela Minutoli
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Adult population, medicine.disease, Haemorrhagic stroke, Health examination, Blood pressure, CUORE, Physiology (medical), Epidemiology, Emergency medicine, medicine, Risk factor, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Kidney disease
Abstract: Introduction: Hypertension is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease, chronic kidney disease, ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke. The WHO Global Action Plan for the Prevention of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) target by 2025 for hypertension is a 25% relative reduction in the prevalence of raised blood pressure. Hypothesis: Prevalence of raised blood pressure in adults has declined in high-income countries over the past few decades; the CUORE project surveys have shown this trend also in Italy from the 1980s to the 2010s. This preliminary analysis aims to assess mean level of blood pressure and prevalence of raised blood pressure in the Italian general adult population using the data collected within the CUORE Project-health examination survey. Methods: Within the ongoing survey, started in 2018, mean of blood pressure and prevalence of raised blood pressure are assessed in random samples of resident population, aged 35-74 years, stratified by age and sex (men 822 and women 869), from 8 Italian Regions from the Northern, Central and Southern Italy. Blood pressure is measured three times consecutively by automated oscillometric device using standardized procedures and methods. Mean level of first two measurements are here considered. Raised blood pressure is defined as systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure equal or greater than 140/90 mmHg or under specific drug treatment. The survey is funded by the Italian Ministry of Health-CCM. Results: Preliminary analysis shows a mean value of systolic blood pressure of 131 mmHg (95% C.I.130-132) in men and 122 mmHg (121-123) in women. Mean value of diastolic blood pressure is 77 mmHg (76-78) in men and 73 mmHg (72-74) in women. Prevalence of raised blood pressure is 43.3% (39.9-46.7) in men and 32.4% (29.2-35.5) in women. In men prevalence of persons with raised blood pressure and untreated is 18.5% (14.6-22.3) and 8.6% (5.4-11.7) in women. In men and women prevalence of raised blood pressure is significantly higher in the Southern regions. Conclusions: Preliminary data of first 8 Regions (out of 10 which should be examined) underline that raised blood pressure is widely present in the Italian adult population. In comparison to data measured within the CUORE Project 10 years earlier, a decrease of mean level of blood pressure and prevalence of raised blood pressure seems to occur facilitating the meeting of WHO-NCDs target.
Published: 2020

22. Abstract P118: The Ongoing Experience of Cardiovascular Risk Assessment Implementation in Primary Care of the CUORE Project

Author: Serena Vannucchi, Cinzia Lo Noce, Tiziana Grisetti, Chiara Donfrancesco, Daniela Minutoli, Anna Di Lonardo, Brigid Unim, Luigi Palmieri, and C. Meduri
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, education.field_of_study, Framingham Risk Score, business.industry, Population, Primary care, CUORE, Physiology (medical), Family medicine, medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Risk assessment, education, business
Abstract: Background: The Italian National Prevention Plan 2005-2008 included a 10-year cardiovascular risk assessment (10-CR) for the general population aged 35-69 years using the CUORE-Project risk score. GPs were encouraged to collect data on risk factors, perform a 10-CR and send data to the Cardiovascular Risk Observatory (CRO). Aim: The aim of this study is to show updated data of the ongoing surveillance system of the 10-CR in the Italian adult population, a first step to implement primary preventive actions at individual level. Methods: A training plan for GPs was launched by the Ministry of Health. Data were collected using the cuore.exe software, easily and freely downloadable by GPs from the CUORE-Project website (www.cuore.iss.it). The CRO provides a web-platform to analyze and compare data on 10-CR and risk factors at both regional and national level. In the subgroup of persons examined at least twice a year, variations in continuous risk factors mean levels and categorical risk factors prevalence between baseline and follow-up and their 95% confidence intervals (C.I.) were calculated using methods for matched pair samples. Results: By October 2019, about 3,500 GPs downloaded cuore.exe ; about 300,000 CR assessments on about 140,000 persons were sent to CRO. CR mean was 3.1% in women, 8.5% in men; 28% of men and 64% of women were at lower risk (CR Conclusions: Data demonstrate that 10-CR assessment can be an effective first step to implement preventive actions in primary care. The individual risk score is becoming a useful tool for GPs to assess their patients’ CR and promote primary prevention by focusing attention on the adoption of healthy lifestyles. These encouraging data can be used to support health policy decision processes.
Published: 2020

23. Nutrients Intake in Individuals with Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, and Diabetes: An Italian Survey

Author: Chiara Donfrancesco, Cecilia Guastadisegni, Diego Vanuzzo, Sara Grioni, Serena Vannucchi, Graziano Onder, Simona Giampaoli, Luigi Palmieri, Vittorio Krogh, and Pasquale Strazzullo
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, hypertension, lcsh:TX341-641, Article, Nutrition Policy, chemistry.chemical_compound, Dietary Sodium, Nutrient, Internal medicine, Cardiovascular epidemiology, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Salt intake, Aged, Dyslipidemias, Nutrition and Dietetics, diabetes, business.industry, Cholesterol, dyslipidemia, Dietary management, dietary recommendations, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Nutrition Surveys, Diet, Cross-Sectional Studies, chemistry, Italy, Female, business, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, Nutritive Value, Dyslipidemia, Food Science
Abstract: The aim of this study is to evaluate whether nutrients intake in an Italian adult population receiving pharmacological treatment for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes are within the recommended values proposed by dietary guidelines. Cross-sectional data from the Cardiovascular Epidemiology Observatory/Health Examination Survey in 8462 individuals 35&ndash, 79 years were used. Food consumption was assessed with a self-administered semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Dietary sodium and potassium intakes were measured in 24-hour urine collection. Recommendations from WHO were used for salt and potassium intakes, those from the Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group for diabetes, and those from the European Society of Cardiology for hypertension and dyslipidemia. Salt intake in urine collection of participants receiving treatment for hypertension was 11.1 &plusmn, 4.0 g/day for men and 8.6 &plusmn, 3.3 g/day for women, higher than recommended. In participants treated for dyslipidemia, mean saturated fat intake was 11.4% and 11.6% total Kcal in men and women respectively, higher than recommended, while cholesterol intake was higher only in men (365.9 &plusmn, 149.6 mg/day). In both men and women receiving treatment for diabetes, mean intake of saturated fats (12.3% and 12.2% of total Kcal), simple carbohydrates (17.5% and 19.8% of total Kcal) and cholesterol (411.0 &plusmn, 150.4 and 322.7 &plusmn, 111.1 mg/day) were above the recommendations, while fiber intake was below (19.5 &plusmn, 6.3 and 17.5 &plusmn, 6.2 mg/day). Overall, 70% to 80% of participants treated for these conditions received advice from family doctors on dietary management, however, nutrition is far from being optimal.
Published: 2020

24. Combined Influence of Waist and Hip Circumference on Risk of Death in a Large Cohort of European and Australian Adults

Author: Stefan Söderberg, Kari Kuulasmaa, Annette J. Dobson, Salomaa Veikko, Wojciech Drygas, Adrian J. Cameron, Luigi Palmieri, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Barbara Thorand, Jean Ferrières, Jean Dallongeville, Simona Giampaoli, Männistö Satu, Frank Kee, Licia Iacoviello, Liliana Orellana, Giovanni Veronesi, Tarja Palosaari, Helena Romaniuk, Francesco Gianfagna, Marco M Ferrario, Pekka Jousilahti, Teemu J. Niiranen, Diego Vanuzzo, Marie Moitry, Ulla Toft, Tom Wilsgaard, and Andrzej Pająk
Subjects: Male, obesity, Epidemiology, Disease, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Cause of Death, Cardiovascular Disease, Medicine, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Adiposity, Original Research, media_common, Kardiologi, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Samfunnsmedisin, sosialmedisin: 801, Incidence, Hazard ratio, Middle Aged, Circumference, Prognosis, waist circumference, Europe, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cohort, Female, Risk of death, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, hip circumference, mortality, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Waist, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Lower risk, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Predictive Value of Tests, Internal medicine, Humans, media_common.cataloged_instance, European union, Aged, Hip Circumference, Waist-Hip Ratio, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Australia, Fat distribution, Protective Factors, medicine.disease, Obesity, Large cohort, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Community medicine, Social medicine: 801, business, Demography
Abstract: Background: Waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC) are both strongly associated with risk of death, however their joint association has rarely been investigated. This study aimed to assess the combined influence of WC and HC, as well as a range of other obesity measures, with the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) death. Methods: This study uses participant data from 30 cohorts of the MORGAM Project conducted in 11 countries; 90,487 males and females aged 30-74 years, predominantly Caucasian, with no history of CVD, recruited in 1986-2010, and followed-up for up to 24 years. Hazard ratios were estimated using sex specific Cox models stratified by cohort with age as the time scale. Models included baseline categorical obesity measures, age, total and HDL cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive drugs, smoking and diabetes. Findings: 9105 all-cause deaths were recorded during a median follow up of 10 years. Hazard ratios for all-cause death presented J- or U-shaped associations with most obesity measures. When WC and HC were included in the same model, in both men and women, for all hip sizes, having a smaller waist was found to be strongly associated with lower risk of death, except for males with the smallest hip size. In addition, among those with smaller waists, hip size was strongly negatively associated with risk of death, with around 20% more people identified as being at increased risk compared to WC alone. Interpretation: A more complex relationship between HC, WC and risk of death is revealed when both measures are considered simultaneously. This is particularly true for individuals with smaller waists, where having larger hips was protective. Considering both WC and HC in the clinical setting could help to best identify those at increased risk of death. Funding Statement: The MORGAM Project received funding from Medical Research Council London grant G0601463 (80983) and European Union FP7 project BiomarCaRE (HEALTH-F2-2011-278913). The activities of the MORGAM Data Centre have been sustained also by recent funding from European Union FP 7 project CHANCES (HEALTH-F3-2010-242244). AJC, HR and LO were supported by Deakin University. AJC is the recipient of an Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Researcher Awards (project number DE160100141). SS was supported by the Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation, the County Council of Vasterbotten (ALF, VLL-548791), and Umea University. Declaration of Interests: No conflicts of interest exist in relation to this work. Ethics Approval Statement: Each MORGAM participating centre was responsible for ethical approval and patient consent, according to local rules at the time of study enrollment.
Published: 2020

25. Psychiatric disorders among hospitalized patients deceased with COVID-19 in Italy

Author: Graziano Onder, Silvio Brusaferro, Ilaria Lega, Antonella Gigantesco, Luigi Palmieri, Maria Luisa Scattoni, Emanuele Caroppo, Nicola Vanacore, Chiara Donfrancesco, Angelo Picardi, Lorenza Nisticò, and Cinzia Lo Noce
Subjects: Medicine (General), medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Hospitalized patients, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 01 natural sciences, Hospital, 03 medical and health sciences, R5-920, 0302 clinical medicine, Psychiatric history, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, 0101 mathematics, Psychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses), SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, 010102 general mathematics, COVID-19, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Comorbidity, Death, Schizophrenia, Anxiety, medicine.symptom, Psychiatric disorders, business, Research Paper
Abstract: Background there is concern about the increased risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 severe outcomes and disparity of care among patients with a psychiatric disorder (PD). Based on the Italian COVID-19 death surveillance, which collects data from all the hospitals throughout the country, we aimed to describe clinical features and care pathway of patients dying with COVID-19 and a preceding diagnosis of a PD. Methods in this cross-sectional study, the characteristics of a representative sample of patients, who have died with COVID-19 in Italian hospitals between February 21st and August 3rd 2020, were drawn from medical charts, described and analysed by multinomial logistic regression according to the recorded psychiatric diagnosis: no PD, severe PD (SPD) (i.e. schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, bipolar and related disorders), common mental disorder (CMD) (i.e. depression without psychotic features, anxiety disorders). Findings the 4020 COVID-19 deaths included in the study took place in 365 hospitals across Italy. Out of the 4020 deceased patients, 84 (2•1%) had a previous SPD, 177 (4.4%) a CMD. The mean age at death was 78.0 (95%CI 77.6–78.3) years among patients without a PD, 71.8 (95%CI 69.3–72.0) among those with an SPD, 79.5 (95%CI 78.0–81.1) in individuals with a CMD. 2253 (61.2%) patients without a PD, 62 (73.8%) with an SPD, and 136 (78.2%) with a CMD were diagnosed with three or more non-psychiatric comorbidities. When we adjusted for clinically relevant variables, including hospital of death, we found that SPD patients died at a younger age than those without a PD (adjusted OR per 1 year increment 0.96; 95% CI 0.94–0.98). Women were significantly more represented among CMD patients compared to patients without previous psychiatric history (aOR 1.56; 95% CI 1.05–2.32). Hospital admission from long-term care facilities (LTCFs) was strongly associated with having an SPD (aOR 9.02; 95% CI 4.99–16.3) or a CMD (aOR 2.09; 95% CI 1.19–3.66). Comorbidity burden, fever, admission to intensive care and time from symptoms' onset to nasopharyngeal swab did not result significantly associated with an SPD or with a CMD in comparison to those without any PD. Interpretation even where equal treatment is in place, the vulnerability of patients with a PD may reduce their chance of recovering from COVID-19. The promotion of personalised therapeutic projects aimed at including people with PD in the community rather than in non-psychiatric LTCFs should be prioritised.
Published: 2021

26. Time Trends of High Blood Pressure Prevalence, Awareness and Control in the Italian General Population

Author: Anna Di Lonardo, Diego Vanuzzo, Luigi Palmieri, Simona Giampaoli, and Chiara Donfrancesco
Subjects: Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Population, Blood Pressure, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, World health, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Age Distribution, 0302 clinical medicine, Prevalence, Internal Medicine, Humans, Medicine, Rifle, 030212 general & internal medicine, Sex Distribution, Risk factor, education, Antihypertensive Agents, Aged, education.field_of_study, Time trends, business.industry, Middle Aged, Health Surveys, Treatment Outcome, Blood pressure, Italy, Hypertension, Life expectancy, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Demography
Abstract: High blood pressure (BP) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The urgency of the problem was underlined by the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Action Plan for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases, which recommends a 25% relative reduction in the prevalence of raised BP by 2020. A surveillance system represents a useful tool to monitor BP in the general population. Since 1980s, the National Institute of Health has conducted several surveys of the adult general population, measuring cardiovascular risk factors by standardized procedures and methods. To describe mean BP levels and high BP prevalence from 1978 to 2012 by sex and quinquennia of age. Data were derived from the following three studies: (i) Risk Factors and Life Expectancy (RIFLE), conducted between 1978 and 2002 in 13 Italian regions (>70,000 persons); (ii) Osservatorio Epidemiologico Cardiovascolare (OEC), conducted between 1998–2002 in the general population from all Italian regions (>9000 persons); and (iii) Osservatorio Epidemiologico Cardiovascolare/Health Examination Survey (OEC/HES), conducted between 2008–2012 in the general population from all Italian regions (>9000 persons). A significant decrease in mean systolic and diastolic BP levels and prevalence of high BP from 1978 to 2012 was observed both in men and women. BP and high BP increased by age classes in all considered periods. BP awareness and control also improved. Our data suggest that BP control could be achieved by 2020, as recommended by WHO.
Published: 2017

27. Trends in hip and distal femoral fracture rates in Italy from 2007 to 2017

Author: Roberto Da Cas, Brigid Unim, Luigi Palmieri, Valerio Manno, Francesco Trotta, Graziano Onder, Lucia Galluzzo, Giada Minelli, and Stefania Maggi
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Histology, Joinpoint regression, Physiology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Osteoporosis, Anti-osteoporosis drugs, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 03 medical and health sciences, Elderly, 0302 clinical medicine, 80 and over, medicine, Humans, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Hip Fractures, business.industry, Incidence, Hospital discharge database, Femoral fracture, Distal femoral fractures, medicine.disease, Surgery, Hip fractures, Female, Italy, Femoral Fractures, Osteoporotic Fractures, 030104 developmental biology, Denosumab, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Osteoporosis-related fractures are a growing public health concern worldwide due to high societal and economic burden. The study aims to assess trends in incidence rates of hip and distal femoral fractures and in the use of anti-osteoporosis drugs in Italy between 2007 and 2017. Patients with hip and distal femoral fractures (ICD-9-CM codes 820.x and 821.x) were identified in the Italian National Hospital Discharge Database while anti-osteoporosis medication data were retrieved from the National Observatory on the Use of Medicines Database. A joinpoint regression analysis was performed to identify the years where the trends in incidence rates of hip and distal femoral fractures changed significantly; the average annual percentage change for the period of observation was estimated. Hospitalizations for femoral fractures were 991,059, of which 91.4% were hip fractures and 76.5% occurred in women. Age-standardized hip fractures rate per 100,000 person-years decreased both in women (-8.7%; from 789.9 in 2007 to 721.5 in 2017) and in men (-4.3%; from 423.9 to 405.6), while the rate of distal femoral fractures increased by 23.9% in women (from 67.78 to 83.95) and 22.7% in men (from 27.76 to 34.06). These changes were associated with an increment in the use of anti-osteoporosis drugs from 2007 to 2011 (from 9.1 to 12.4 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day), followed by a plateau in the period 2012-2017. The use of bisphosphonates increased progressively from 2007 to 2010 (from 8.2 to 10.5 DDD/1000 inhabitants/day), followed by a plateau and then decreased from 2015 onwards. The decreasing trend of hip fractures could be related to a major intake of anti-osteoporosis medications while the increment of distal femoral fractures might be due to population aging and to the use of bisphosphonates and denosumab. Further research is needed to identify and implement interventions to prevent hip and distal femoral fractures.
Published: 2021

28. Cardiovascular diseases monitoring: lessons from population-based registries to address future opportunities and challenges in Europe

Author: Simona Giampaoli, Luigi Palmieri, Giuseppe Traversa, Chiara Donfrancesco, Anna Di Lonardo, Giovanni Corrao, Flavia Carle, Giovanni Veronesi, Marco M Ferrario, Giovanni Nicoletti, Palmieri, L, Veronesi, G, Corrao, G, Traversa, G, Ferrario, M, Nicoletti, G, Di Lonardo, A, Donfrancesco, C, Carle, F, and Giampaoli, S
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Population-based registries, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Population-based registrie, Health informatics, 03 medical and health sciences, Record linkage, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cardiovascular diseases, Current administrative health databases, Time trends, education, Health policy, Adjudication, education.field_of_study, business.industry, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Public health, Research, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Health services research, Information technology, lcsh:RA1-1270, Cardiovascular disease, Risk analysis (engineering), Current administrative health database, business, Time trend
Abstract: Background Population-based registries implement the comprehensive collection of all disease events that occur in a well-characterized population within a certain time period and represent the preferred tools for disease monitoring at a population level. Main characteristics of a Population-based registry are to provide answers to defined research questions, also related to clinical and health policy purposes, assuring completeness of event identification, and implementing a process of case adjudication (validation) according to standardised diagnostic criteria. Methods The application of a standard methodology results in the availability of reliable and comparable data and facilitates the transferability of health information for research and evidence-based health policies. Although registries are extremely useful, they require considerable resources to be implemented and maintained, high cost and efforts, to produce stable and reliable indicators. Results Thanks to available health information and information technology, current administrative databases on hospital admissions and discharges, medication use, in-patient care utilization, surgical operations, drug dispensations, ticket exemption and invasive procedures are increasingly available. They represent basic sources of information for implementing Population-based registries. Main strengths and limitations of Population-based registries are described taking into consideration the example of cardiovascular diseases, as well as future challenges and opportunities for implementing Population-based registries at European level. Conclusions The integration of population-based registries and current administrative health databases may help to complete the picture of the disease rebuilding the evolution of the disease as a continuum from the onset to the possible consequent complications.
Published: 2018

29. Cardiovascular health in Italy. Ten-year surveillance of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors: Osservatorio Epidemiologico Cardiovascolare/Health Examination Survey 1998–2012

Author: Cinzia Lo Noce, Luigi Palmieri, Simona Giampaoli, Lorenza Pilotto, Diego Vanuzzo, and Chiara Donfrancesco
Subjects: Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Epidemiology, Cardiovascular health, Cardiovascular risk factors, Health examination, Risk Factors, Diabetes mellitus, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, Obesity, Myocardial infarction, Systole, Life Style, Aged, Dyslipidemias, business.industry, Smoking, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Blood pressure, Italy, Cardiovascular Diseases, Population Surveillance, Epidemiological Monitoring, Hypertension, Emergency medicine, Educational Status, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Surveillance of and monitoring trends for cardiovascular diseases and risk factors are relevant when we consider that these diseases and conditions are largely preventable. The aim of this paper is to assess time trends of cardiovascular diseases, lifestyles, risk factors and high risk conditions in different socioeconomic levels.Paired but independent population samples of men and women aged 35-74 years located in all 20 Italian regions were examined in 1998-2002 (n = 9612) and in 2008-2012 (n = 8141). Time trends of lifestyles, cardiovascular risk factors, prevalence of high-risk conditions and cardiovascular diseases are shown for two different socioeconomic levels, as assessed by educational level.Over 10 years, in both genders and socioeconomic classes, the prevalence of smoking decreased (from 32% to 23% in men) as well as mean levels of blood pressure (systolic from 136 mmHg to 133 mmHg in men and from 132 mmHg to 127 mmHg in women), while the prevalence of dyslipidemia and obesity increased reaching 35% and 25% of the population respectively; the prevalence of myocardial infarction remained stable (1.6% in men; about 0.5% in women), that of stroke decreased in men (from 1.2% to 0.7%); the prevalence of diabetes did not change (12% in men; 8% in women). In the low educational class, cardiovascular risk factors and diseases remained unfavourable compared with the high educational class.The burden of cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors remain high and require continuous appropriate action at the community and individual levels, as suggested by the European Guidelines for Cardiovascular Prevention.
Published: 2015

30. P5325Eating behaviours of hypertensive, diabetics, hypercholesterolemic, and obese in the Italian adult population: the Osservatorio Epidemiologico Cardiovascolare/Health Examination Survey-OEC/HES results

Author: Serena Vannucchi, C. Meduri, Diego Vanuzzo, S. Giampaoli, Osservatorio Epidemiologico Cardiovascolare, A Di Lonardo, C Lo Noce, C. Donfrancesco, and Luigi Palmieri
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Health examination, business.industry, Internal medicine, Adult population, medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Published: 2017

31. P6251Multi-morbidity in the Italian adult population: The Osservatorio Epidemiologico Cardiovascolare/Health Examination Survey (OEC/HES) 2008-2012

Author: Diego Vanuzzo, Serena Vannucchi, Luigi Palmieri, C. Meduri, A Di Lonardo, S. Giampaoli, C. Donfrancesco, Osservatorio Epidemiologico Cardiovascolare, and C Lo Noce
Subjects: Health examination, medicine.medical_specialty, 020205 medical informatics, business.industry, Emergency medicine, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Adult population, Medicine, 02 engineering and technology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Published: 2017

32. Lipoprotein(a) and the risk of cardiovascular disease in the European population:results from the BiomarCaRE consortium

Author: Christoph Waldeyer, Jukka Kontto, Stefan Blankenberg, Renate B. Schnabel, John Yarnell, Barbara Thorand, Christa Meisinger, Tanja Zeller, Paolo Brambilla, Nataliya Makarova, Fabian J. Brunner, Giovanni Veronesi, Marco M Ferrario, Licia Iacoviello, Stefano Signorini, Kari Kuulasmaa, Pekka Jousilahti, Frank Kee, Torben Jørgensen, Francisco Ojeda, Allan Linneberg, Ulf Landmesser, Simona Costanzo, Luigi Palmieri, Veikko Salomaa, Simona Giampaoli, Teemu J. Niiranen, Wolfgang Koenig, Waldeyer, C, Makarova, N, Zeller, T, Schnabel, R, Brunner, F, Jørgensen, T, Linneberg, A, Niiranen, T, Salomaa, V, Jousilahti, P, Yarnell, J, Ferrario, M, Veronesi, G, Brambilla, P, Signorini, S, Iacoviello, L, Costanzo, S, Giampaoli, S, Palmieri, L, Meisinger, C, Thorand, B, Kee, F, Koenig, W, Ojeda, F, Kontto, J, Landmesser, U, Kuulasmaa, K, and Blankenberg, S
Subjects: Male, Percentile, BIO/12 - BIOCHIMICA CLINICA E BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE CLINICA, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, MORGAM (MONICA Risk Genetics Archiving and Monograph), 0302 clinical medicine, Residence Characteristics, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Geographic difference, education.field_of_study, biology, Lipoprotein(a), BiomarCaRE (Biomarker for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Europe), Middle Aged, Prognosis, Lipids, 3. Good health, Europe, Biomarcare (biomarker For Cardiovascular Risk Assessment In Europe), Cardiovascular Risk, Morgam (monica Risk Genetics Archiving And Monograph), Mortality, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Risk assessment, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Subgroup analysis, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Journal Article, Humans, ddc:610, education, business.industry, Surrogate endpoint, medicine.disease, Cardiovascular risk, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, biology.protein, business, Biomarkers, Meta-Analysis
Abstract: Aims: As promising compounds to lower Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) are emerging, the need for a precise characterization and comparability of the Lp(a)-associated cardiovascular risk is increasing. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the distribution of Lp(a) concentrations across the European population, to characterize the association with cardiovascular outcomes and to provide high comparability of the Lp(a)-associated cardiovascular risk by use of centrally determined Lp(a) concentrations. Methods and results: Based on the Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Europe (BiomarCaRE)-project, we analysed data of 56 804 participants from 7 prospective population-based cohorts across Europe with a maximum follow-up of 24 years. All Lp(a) measurements were performed in the central BiomarCaRE laboratory (Biokit Quantia Lp(a)-Test; Abbott Diagnostics). The three endpoints considered were incident major coronary events (MCE), incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) events, and total mortality. We found lower Lp(a) levels in Northern European cohorts (median 4.9 mg/dL) compared to central (median 7.9 mg/dL) and Southern European cohorts (10.9 mg/dL) (Jonckheere-Terpstra test P&thinsp
Published: 2017

33. Down-regulation of the mitochondrial aspartate-glutamate carrier isoform 1 AGC1 inhibits proliferation and N-acetylaspartate synthesis in Neuro2A cells

Author: Luigi Palmieri, Alessandra Castegna, Emanuela Profilo, Luis Emiliano Peña-Altamira, Sabrina Petralla, Massimo Zeviani, Mariangela Corricelli, Vito Porcelli, Barbara Monti, Giuseppe Fiermonte, Ferdinando Palmieri, Paolo Pinton, Giulia Giannuzzi, Luigi Sbano, Alberto Danese, Marco Virgili, Carlotta Giorgi, Carlo Viscomi, Francesca Massenzio, Erika M. Palmieri, Francesco M. Lasorsa, Gennaro Agrimi, Profilo, E, Peña-Altamira, Le, Corricelli, M, Castegna, A, Danese, A, Agrimi, G, Petralla, S, Giannuzzi, G, Porcelli, V, Sbano, L, Viscomi, C, Massenzio, F, Palmieri, Em, Giorgi, C, Fiermonte, G, Virgili, M, Palmieri, L, Zeviani, M, Pinton, P, Monti, B, Palmieri, F, and Lasorsa, Fm.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Mitochondrial Diseases, Amino Acid Transport Systems, Amino Acid Transport Systems, Acidic, AGC1 deficiency, Brain hypomyelination, Mitochondrial aspartate/glutamate carrier, N-Acetylaspartate synthesis, Neurodegenerative disorders, Antiporters, Aspartic Acid, Cell Line, Hereditary Central Nervous System Demyelinating Diseases, Humans, Mitochondrial Proteins, Neurons, Psychomotor Disorders, Cell Proliferation, Down-Regulation, Biology, Mitochondrion, NO, 03 medical and health sciences, Myelin, Downregulation and upregulation, Internal medicine, medicine, Glutamate aspartate transporter, Molecular Medicine, Molecular Biology, brain hypomyelination, Cell growth, Acidic, Glutamate receptor, N-acetylaspartate synthesi, Glutamine, Cytosol, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, nervous system, neurodegenerative disorders, biology.protein
Abstract: The mitochondrial aspartate-glutamate carrier isoform 1 (AGC1) catalyzes a Ca2+-stimulated export of aspartate to the cytosol in exchange for glutamate, and is a key component of the malate-aspartate shuttle which transfers NADH reducing equivalents from the cytosol to mitochondria. By sustaining the complete glucose oxidation, AGC1 is thought to be important in providing energy for cells, in particular in the CNS and muscle where this protein is mainly expressed. Defects in the AGC1 gene cause AGC1 deficiency, an infantile encephalopathy with delayed myelination and reduced brain N-acetylaspartate (NAA) levels, the precursor of myelin synthesis in the CNS. Here, we show that undifferentiated Neuro2A cells with down-regulated AGC1 display a significant proliferation deficit associated with reduced mitochondrial respiration, and are unable to synthesize NAA properly. In the presence of high glutamine oxidation, cells with reduced AGC1 restore cell proliferation, although oxidative stress increases and NAA synthesis deficit persists. Our data suggest that the cellular energetic deficit due to AGC1 impairment is associated with inappropriate aspartate levels to support neuronal proliferation when glutamine is not used as metabolic substrate, and we propose that delayed myelination in AGC1 deficiency patients could be attributable, at least in part, to neuronal loss combined with lack of NAA synthesis occurring during the nervous system development.
Published: 2017

34. Do other cardiovascular risk factors influence the impact of age on the association between blood pressure and mortality? The MORGAM Project

Author: Simona Giampaoli, Veikko Salomaa, Chiara Donfrancesco, Hans Ibsen, Michael H. Olsen, Kari Kuulasmaa, Luigi Palmieri, Anne Helms Andreasen, Giuseppe Mancia, Susana Sans, Torben Jørgensen, Stefan Söderberg, Jørgen Jeppesen, Julie K. K. Vishram, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Dominique Arveiler, Frank Kee, Patrick McElduff, Grażyna Broda, Andrzej Pajak, Jean Ferrières, Giancarlo Cesana, Anders Borglykke, Vishram, J, Borglykke, A, Andreasen, A, Jeppesen, J, Ibsen, H, Jørgensen, T, Broda, G, Palmieri, L, Giampaoli, S, Donfrancesco, C, Kee, F, Mancia, G, Cesana, G, Kuulasmaa, K, Salomaa, V, Sans, S, Ferrieres, J, Tamosiunas, A, Söderberg, S, Mcelduff, P, Arveiler, D, Pajak, A, and Olsen, M
Subjects: Adult, Gerontology, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, Physiology, Cardiovascular risk factors, Blood Pressure, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cohort Studies, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Cardiovascular Disease, Environmental health, Epidemiology, Internal Medicine, Humans, Medicine, Age Factor, cardiovascular diseases, 030212 general & internal medicine, Young adult, Aged, Cardiovascular mortality, business.industry, Risk Factor, Age Factors, blood pressure, Middle Aged, mortality, Blood pressure, age, Cardiovascular Diseases, epidemiology, Cohort Studie, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Human, circulatory and respiratory physiology, Cohort study
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate age-related shifts in the relative importance of SBP and DBP as predictors of cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality and whether these relations are influenced by other cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS: Using 42 cohorts from the MORGAM Project with baseline between 1982 and 1997, 85772 apparently healthy Europeans and Australians aged 19-78 years were included. During 13.3 years of follow-up, 9.2% died (of whom 7.2% died due to stroke and 21.1% due to coronary heart disease, CHD). RESULTS: Mortality risk was analyzed using hazard ratios per 10-mmHg/5-mmHg increase in SBP/DBP by multivariate-adjusted Cox regressions, including SBP and DBP simultaneously. Because of nonlinearity, SBP and DBP were analyzed separately for blood pressure (BP) values above and below a cut-point wherein mortality risk was the lowest. For the total population, significantly positive associations were found between stroke mortality and SBP [hazard ratio=1.19 (1.13-1.25)] and DBP at least 78mmHg [hazard ratio=1.08 (1.02-1.14)], CHD mortality and SBP at least 116mmHg [1.20 (1.16-1.24)], and all-cause mortality and SBP at least 120mmHg [1.09 (1.08-1.11)] and DBP at least 82mmHg [1.03 (1.02-1.05)]. BP values below the cut-points were inversely related to mortality risk. Taking into account the age×BP interaction, there was a gradual shift from DBP (19-26 years) to both DBP and SBP (27-62 years) and to SBP (63-78 years) as risk factors for stroke mortality and all-cause mortality, but not CHD mortality. The age at which the importance of SBP exceeded DBP was for stroke mortality influenced by sex, cholesterol, and country risk. CONCLUSION: Age-related shifts to the superiority of SBP exist for stroke mortality and all-cause mortality, and for stroke mortality was this shift influenced by other cardiovascular risk factors. © 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health / Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Published: 2014

35. Excess dietary sodium and inadequate potassium intake in Italy: Results of the MINISAL study

Author: Diego Vanuzzo, Roberto Iacone, Simona Giampaoli, Ferruccio Galletti, Luigi Palmieri, Chiara Donfrancesco, C Lo Noce, Pasquale Strazzullo, Renato Ippolito, Daniela Galeone, Ornella Russo, Donfrancesco, C, Ippolito, Renato, Lo Noce, C, Palmieri, L, Iacone, Roberto, Russo, Ornella, Vanuzzo, D, Galletti, Ferruccio, Galeone, D, Giampaoli, S, and Strazzullo, Pasquale
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Potassium, Sodium, Medicine (miscellaneous), chemistry.chemical_element, Blood Pressure, Salt intake, Overweight, MINISAL study, Cohort Studies, chemistry.chemical_compound, Animal science, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Potassium Deficiency, Aged, Creatinine, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Potassium, Dietary, Sodium, Dietary, Feeding Behavior, Middle Aged, Anthropometry, Dietary Potassium, Dietary potassium, Cardiovascular prevention, Dietary sodium, Endocrinology, Blood pressure, Italy, chemistry, Hypertension, Female, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Objective: As excess sodium and inadequate potassium intake are causally related to hypertension and cardiovascular disease, the MINISAL-GIRCSI Program aimed to provide reliable estimates of dietary sodium and potassium intake in representative samples of the Italian population. Design and methods: Random samples of adult population were collected from 12 Italian regions, including 1168 men and 1112 women aged 35-79 yrs. Electrolyte intake was estimated from 24 hour urine collections and creatinine was measured to estimate the accuracy of the collection. Anthropometric indices were measured with standardised procedures. Results: The average sodium excretion was 189 mmol (or 10.9 g of salt/day) among men and 147 mmol (or 8.5 g) among women (range 27-472 and 36-471 mmol, respectively). Ninety-seven % of men and 87% of women had a consumption higher than the WHO recommended target of 5g/day. The 24 h average potassium excretion was 63 and 55 mmol, respectively (range 17-171 and 20-126 mmol), 96% of men and 99% of women having an intake lower than 100 mmol/day (European and American guideline recommendation). The mean sodium/potassium ratio was 3.1 and 2.8 respectively, i.e. over threefold greater than the desirable level of 0.85. The highest sodium intake was observed in Southern regions. Sodium and potassium excretion were both progressively higher the higher the BMI (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: These MINISAL preliminary results indicate that in all the Italian regions thus far surveyed dietary sodium intake was largely higher and potassium intake lower than the recommended intakes. They also highlight the critical association between overweight and excess salt intake.
Published: 2013

36. Temperature Values Variability in Piezoelectric Implant Site Preparation: Differences between Cortical and Corticocancellous Bovine Bone

Author: Marco Lollobrigida, Luigi Palmieri, Domenica Laurito, Luca Lamazza, Girolamo Garreffa, and Alberto De Biase
Subjects: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Article Subject, medicine.medical_treatment, corticocancellous bone, Fixed position, lcsh:Medicine, in-vitro, Osteotomy, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bone and Bones, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, dental implants, Cortical Bone, Medicine, Animals, Humans, A fibers, Piezosurgery, osteotomies, 030222 orthopedics, General Immunology and Microbiology, piezoelectricity, business.industry, lcsh:R, temperature, Temperature, 030206 dentistry, General Medicine, Piezoelectricity, Bovine bone, medicine.anatomical_structure, Italy, Heat generation, Cortical bone, Cattle, Implant, business, Biomedical engineering, Research Article
Abstract: Purpose. Various parameters can influence temperature rise and detection during implant site preparation. The aim of this study is to investigate local temperature values in cortical and corticocancellous bovine bone during early stages of piezoelectric implant site preparation.Materials and Methods. 20 osteotomies were performed using a diamond tip (IM1s, Mectron Medical Technology, Carasco, Italy) on two different types of bovine bone samples, cortical and corticocancellous, respectively. A standardized protocol was designed to provide constant working conditions. Temperatures were measured in real time at a fixed position by a fiber optic thermometer.Results. Significantly higher drilling time (154.90 sec versus 99.00 sec;p<0.0001) and temperatures (39.26°C versus 34.73°C;p=0.043) were observed in the cortical group compared to the corticocancellous group. A remarkable variability of results characterized the corticocancellous blocks as compared to the blocks of pure cortical bone.Conclusion. Bone samples can influence heat generation duringin vitroimplant site preparation. When compared to cortical bone, corticocancellous samples present more variability in temperature values. Even controlling most experimental factors, the impact of bone samples still remains one of the main causes of temperature variability.
Published: 2016

37. Adult height and the risk of cause-specific death and vascular morbidity in 1 million people: individual participant meta-analysis

Author: V V Salomaa, Tommy Cederholm, Hidaeki Nakagawa, Jacqueline C.M. Witteman, Angela Chetrit, Koshi Nakamura, Anton J. M. de Craen, Wolfgang Koenig, Erkki Vartiainen, Kennet Harald, Sudhir Kurl, Paul J. Nietert, Shah Ebrahim, Dorly J. H. Deeg, Pim van der Harst, Akihiko Kitamura, Beatriz L. Rodriguez, Vilmundur Gudnason, Bianca De Stavola, Aulikki Nissinen, Jackie A. Cooper, Sarah Watson, Robert B. Wallace, Dominique Arveiler, Robert C. Atkins, Nora Franceschini, Jan Poppelaars, Calle Bengtsson, David Bachman, Hermann Brenner, Tom W. Meade, Pamela L. Lutsey, G. Diem, Rachel Dankner, Ian R. White, Matthew Knuiman, Benoît Lamarche, Uri Goldbourt, Peter Cremer, Gerd Assmann, Elizabeth Barrett-Connor, Johan Sundström, Adam S. Butterworth, Astrid E. Fletcher, Stephen Kaptoge, Shinichi Sato, Diego Vanuzzo, Luigi Palmieri, Katsuyuki Miura, Yechiel Friedlander, James O. Taylor, Nicholas J. Wald, Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen, Christodoulos Stefanadis, Frank J. Kohout, Gunnar Engström, John Gallacher, Robert Clarke, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Ingmar Jungner, Judith Simons, Michael J. Pencina, Joann E. Manson, Anneke Blokstra, Agustín Gómez de la Cámara, Friedrich Oberhollenzer, Hanno Ulmer, Hugh Tunstall-Pedoe, Hans L. Hillege, Robert W. Tipping, Jukka T. Salonen, Eleni Rapsomaniki, Jonathan E. Shaw, Patrik Wennberg, Leon A. Simons, Sarah Lewington, Philip Greenland, Richard B. Devereux, Tauqeer Ali, Valérie Tikhonoff, Bolli Thorsson, Angela Döring, Ellen W. Demerath, Reijo S. Tilvis, S. Goya Wannamethee, Albert Hofman, Siegfried Weger, Naveed Sattar, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Lars Wilhelmsen, Peter Schnohr, Torben Jørgensen, Takeo Kato, Inger Njølstad, Yuko Morikawa, Børge G. Nordestgaard, P. Jousilahti, Makoto Daimon, Richele R. Bettencourt, Qi Sun, Lorenza Pilotto, Lisa Pennells, Lauren Lissner, Eric B. Rimm, Christina Chrysohoou, Julie E. Buring, Bo Hedblad, Annika Rosengren, Pierre Ducimetière, Michael E. Mussolino, Joan Cornoni-Huntley, Henning Tiemeier, Ron T. Gansevoort, Julian E. Keil, Jacqueline M. Dekker, Ingar Holme, Carlos J. Crespo, Simon G. Thompson, Hiroyasu Iso, John Danesh, Daan Kromhout, Francesco Rodeghiero, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Karina W. Davidson, Jørgen Jespersen, John Yarnell, Maurizio Trevisan, Johann Willeit, Günay Can, Mario R. Garcia-Palmieri, Matthew G. Walker, Takamasa Kayama, Christa Meisinger, Pei Gao, Susan Kirkland, David Wormser, Elizabeth L M Barr, Mark Woodward, Lara M. Simpson, Alexander M. W. Cargill Thompson, Bruce M. Psaty, W. M. Monique Verschuren, Aaron R. Folsom, Anne Tybjærg-Hansen, Chiara Donfrancesco, Dan G. Blazer, Richard F. Gillum, Georgios Lappas, Jorge R. Kizer, Reeta Gobin, George Davey-Smith, Masaru Sakurai, Roger Tavendale, Bernard Cantin, Jan-Håkan Jansson, Steven J Shea, Philippe Amouyel, Lewis H. Kuller, Alejandro Marín Ibañez, Xavier Jouven, Marjolein Visser, Peter H. Whincup, Kenneth J. Mukamal, Sreenivasa Rao Kondapally Seshasai, Jean Ferrières, Jonathan A. Shaffer, Simona Giampaoli, Dietrich Rothenbacher, Yutaka Kiyohara, Gordon D.O. Lowe, Hiroyuki Noda, Jussi Kauhanen, Philip C Haycock, Lennart Welin, Walter C. Willett, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Christos Pitsavos, John McCallum, Helmut Schulte, Susan E. Hankinson, Maja-Lisa Løchen, Frank Kee, Oscar H. Franco, Henry Eriksson, J. Michael Gaziano, Hisatomi Arima, Erik Ingelsson, Karl Michaëlsson, Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Ian H. de Boer, Aage Tverdal, David J. Stott, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Jeun Liang Yeh, Dorothea Nagel, M. Arfan Ikram, Dorothea Nitsch, Caroline L. Phillips, Debbie A Lawlor, Cecilia Björkelund, Gilles R. Dagenais, F. Gerry R. Fowkes, Myriam Alexander, Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller, Richard W Morris, Kenneth A. Bauer, Angela M. Wood, Johanna M. Geleijnse, Martin Shipley Mika Kivimaki, Thor Aspelund, Edoardo Casiglia, Nadeem Sarwar, Heiko Müller, Giel Nijpels, Jean-Pierre Després, Ellisiv B. Mathiesen, Greg Grandits, Göran Walldius, Jaclyn Bergstrom, Gunnar Sigurdsson, Hans Concin, Kay-Tee Khaw, Tatu A. Miettinen, Ben Schöttker, Edith J. M. Feskens, Eric J. Brunner, Frank B. Hu, Salvatore Panico, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Catherine Buisson, Paul Zimmet, Altan Onat, Susan E. Sutherland, J. Wouter Jukema, Daichi Shimbo, Daniel B. Garside, Yasufumi Doi, Lars Alling Møller, Paul M. Ridker, Barbara Thorand, Tom Wilsgaard, Else-Marie Bladbjerg, Xiaohui Zhao, Toshihide Oizumi, Caroline S. Fox, Michele Robertson, Wenche Nystad, Randi Selmer, Christina M. Shay, Kurt Svärdsudd, Nicholas J. Wareham, Stefan Kiechl, Darren Calhoun, Ralph B. D'Agostino, Flora Lubin, Coen D.A. Stehouwer, Gorm B. Jensen, Peter Nilsson, Alberto Tosetto, Timo Strandberg, Michael Marmot, Ian Ford, Jack M. Guralnik, Faculteit Medische Wetenschappen/UMCG, Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Groningen Kidney Center (GKC), Epidemiology and Data Science, EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes, Nutrition and Health, EMGO+ - Lifestyle, Overweight and Diabetes, Interne Geneeskunde, MUMC+: MA Interne Geneeskunde (3), and RS: CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases
Subjects: Male, epidemiological study, Nutrition and Disease, Epidemiology, Cancer, Cardiovascular disease, Cause-specific mortality, Epidemiological study, Height, Meta-analysis, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alcohol Drinking, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cause of Death, Female, Health Behavior, Humans, Lipids, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Smoking, Socioeconomic Factors, Vascular Diseases, Body Height, body-mass index, cardiovascular-disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, childhood socioeconomic circumstances, 0302 clinical medicine, cardiovascular disease, Voeding en Ziekte, 80 and over, 030212 general & internal medicine, Stroke, Cause of death, ASSOCIATIONS, Hazard ratio, WOMEN, MEN, General Medicine, 3. Good health, Pulmonary embolism, CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE, women, associations, diabetes-mellitus, medicine.medical_specialty, cancer, cause-specific mortality, meta-analysis, men, CANCER-RISK, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, cancer-risk, medicine, CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE, CHILDHOOD SOCIOECONOMIC CIRCUMSTANCES, VLAG, business.industry, DIABETES-MELLITUS, medicine.disease, Surgery, BODY-MASS INDEX, Blood pressure, Heart failure, coronary-heart-disease, business, Body mass index
Abstract: Background: The extent to which adult height, a biomarker of the interplay of genetic endowment and early-life experiences, is related to risk of chronic diseases in adulthood is uncertain. Methods: We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for height, assessed in increments of 6.5 cm, using individual-participant data on 174 374 deaths or major non-fatal vascular outcomes recorded among 1 085 949 people in 121 prospective studies. Results: For people born between 1900 and 1960, mean adult height increased 0.5-1 cm with each successive decade of birth. After adjustment for age, sex, smoking and year of birth, HRs per 6.5 cm greater height were 0.97 (95% confidence interval: 0.96-0.99) for death from any cause, 0.94 (0.93-0.96) for death from vascular causes, 1.04 (1.03-1.06) for death from cancer and 0.92 (0.90-0.94) for death from other causes. Height was negatively associated with death from coronary disease, stroke subtypes, heart failure, stomach and oral cancers, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, mental disorders, liver disease and external causes. In contrast, height was positively associated with death from ruptured aortic aneurysm, pulmonary embolism, melanoma and cancers of the pancreas, endocrine and nervous systems, ovary, breast, prostate, colorectum, blood and lung. HRs per 6.5 cm greater height ranged from 1.26 (1.12-1.42) for risk of melanoma death to 0.84 (0.80-0.89) for risk of death from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. HRs were not appreciably altered after further adjustment for adiposity, blood pressure, lipids, inflammation biomarkers, diabetes mellitus, alcohol consumption or socio-economic indicators. Conclusion: Adult height has directionally opposing relationships with risk of death from several different major causes of chronic diseases. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association © The Author 2012; all rights reserved.
Published: 2012

38. Oxidative stress and reduced glutamine synthetase activity in the absence of inflammation in the cortex of mice with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

Author: Rhonda B. Kean, Ferdinando Palmieri, Darryll A. Barkhouse, Marzena J. Fabis-Pedrini, Mark T. Curtis, Vito Porcelli, Luigi Palmieri, Iolanda Spera, Douglas C. Hooper, and Alessandra Castegna
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental, Glutamine, Encephalomyelitis, Guinea Pigs, Excitotoxicity, Glutamic Acid, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Protein oxidation, Mice, Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Internal medicine, Glutamine synthetase, medicine, Animals, Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Cerebral Cortex, Analysis of Variance, Glutathione Disulfide, General Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, Myelin Basic Protein, NAD, medicine.disease, Glutathione, Disease Models, Animal, Oxidative Stress, Endocrinology, Immunology, Encephalitis, Calcium, Female, NADP, Oxidative stress
Abstract: Pathological changes occur in areas of CNS tissue remote from inflammatory lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). To determine if oxidative stress is a significant contributor to this non-inflammatory pathology, cortex tissues from mice with clinical signs of EAE were examined for evidence of inflammation and oxidative stress. Histology and gene expression analysis showed little evidence of immune/inflammatory cell invasion but reductions in natural antioxidant levels and increased protein oxidation that paralleled disease severity. Two-dimensional oxyblots and mass-spectrometry-based protein fingerprinting identified glutamine synthetase (GS) as a particular target of oxidation. Oxidation of GS was associated with reductions in enzyme activity and increased glutamate/glutamine levels. The possibility that this may cause neurodegeneration through glutamate excitotoxicity is supported by evidence of increasing cortical Ca(2+) levels in cortex extracts from animals with greater disease severity. These findings indicate that oxidative stress occurs in brain areas that are not actively undergoing inflammation in EAE and that this can lead to a neurodegenerative process due to the susceptibility of GS to oxidative inactivation.
Published: 2011

39. Separate and combined associations of body-mass index and abdominal adiposity with cardiovascular disease: collaborative analysis of 58 prospective studies

Author: Susan Kirkland, Paul Zimmet, Maya Korin, Miguel A. Rubio, Paul Nietert, Børge Nordestgaard, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Adam Butterworth, Oscar Franco, Angela Wood, Susan Sutherland, Eric Brunner, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, Maja-Lisa Løchen, Lisa Anne Pennells, Rachel Dankner, Coen Stehouwer, George Davey Smith, Debbie A Lawlor, Philip Haycock, Mark Woodward, Pei Gao, Hiroyuki Noda, Luigi Palmieri, Peter Whincup, Jean Ferrieres, Henning Tiemeier, Wolfgang Koenig, Lucy Lennon, Sarah Lewington, Christodoulos Stefanadis, Karina Davidson, Richard Morris, Johan Sundstrom, Philippe Amouyel, Interne Geneeskunde, and RS: CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Systole, Blood Pressure, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Risk Assessment, Body Mass Index, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, 0302 clinical medicine, Waist–hip ratio, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, Coronary-heart-disease, All-cause mortality, Waist circumference, Diabetes-mellitus, Vascular-disease, Risk prediction, Obesity, Adults, Metaanalysis, Death, Diabetes Mellitus, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, 10. No inequality, Prospective cohort study, Proportional Hazards Models, Waist-Hip Ratio, Proportional hazards model, Vascular disease, business.industry, Cholesterol, HDL, Smoking, Age Factors, nutritional and metabolic diseases, General Medicine, Articles, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Surgery, Cholesterol, Cardiovascular Diseases, Obesity, Abdominal, Female, Waist Circumference, business, Body mass index
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Guidelines differ about the value of assessment of adiposity measures for cardiovascular disease risk prediction when information is available for other risk factors. We studied the separate and combined associations of body-mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio with risk of first-onset cardiovascular disease. METHODS: We used individual records from 58 cohorts to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) per 1 SD higher baseline values (4.56 kg/m(2) higher BMI, 12.6 cm higher waist circumference, and 0.083 higher waist-to-hip ratio) and measures of risk discrimination and reclassification. Serial adiposity assessments were used to calculate regression dilution ratios. RESULTS: Individual records were available for 221,934 people in 17 countries (14,297 incident cardiovascular disease outcomes; 1.87 million person-years at risk). Serial adiposity assessments were made in up to 63,821 people (mean interval 5.7 years [SD 3.9]). In people with BMI of 20 kg/m(2) or higher, HRs for cardiovascular disease were 1.23 (95% CI 1.17-1.29) with BMI, 1.27 (1.20-1.33) with waist circumference, and 1.25 (1.19-1.31) with waist-to-hip ratio, after adjustment for age, sex, and smoking status. After further adjustment for baseline systolic blood pressure, history of diabetes, and total and HDL cholesterol, corresponding HRs were 1.07 (1.03-1.11) with BMI, 1.10 (1.05-1.14) with waist circumference, and 1.12 (1.08-1.15) with waist-to-hip ratio. Addition of information on BMI, waist circumference, or waist-to-hip ratio to a cardiovascular disease risk prediction model containing conventional risk factors did not importantly improve risk discrimination (C-index changes of -0.0001, -0.0001, and 0.0008, respectively), nor classification of participants to categories of predicted 10-year risk (net reclassification improvement -0.19%, -0.05%, and -0.05%, respectively). Findings were similar when adiposity measures were considered in combination. Reproducibility was greater for BMI (regression dilution ratio 0.95, 95% CI 0.93-0.97) than for waist circumference (0.86, 0.83-0.89) or waist-to-hip ratio (0.63, 0.57-0.70). INTERPRETATION: BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio, whether assessed singly or in combination, do not importantly improve cardiovascular disease risk prediction in people in developed countries when additional information is available for systolic blood pressure, history of diabetes, and lipids. FUNDING: British Heart Foundation and UK Medical Research Council.
Published: 2011

40. Hospital discharge data for assessing myocardial infarction events and trends, and effects of diagnosis validation according to MONICA and AHA criteria

Author: Francesco Profili, Francesco Dima, Alessandro Barchielli, Anna T. Roberts, Luigi Palmieri, Paola Naldoni, and Daniela Balzi
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Epidemiology, Population, Myocardial Infarction, Disease, medicine, Hospital discharge, Humans, cardiovascular diseases, Myocardial infarction, education, Diagnosis-Related Groups, Finland, education.field_of_study, biology, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Troponin, Patient Discharge, Population Surveillance, Emergency medicine, biology.protein, Female, Myocardial necrosis, business, Record linkage
Abstract: Background Acute myocardial infarction (AMI; ICD9-CM 410*) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world, and its community surveillance is essential to monitor variation in the occurrence of the disease. Between the late 1990s and the early 2000s more sensitive and specific biomarkers of myocardial necrosis (ie, troponins) were introduced and new diagnostic criteria, emphasising the role of biomarkers, have been developed for clinical and epidemiological purposes. Methods Tosc-AMI is a population-based registry based on the record linkage between hospital and mortality databases; it provides trends of coronary events in Tuscany, Italy. Two random samples of patients admitted to hospital in 2003 were validated according to the American Heart Association (AHA; 2003) and the Multinational MONItoring of trends and determinants in CArdiovascular disease (MONICA) (1983) criteria. Sample 1 (380 cases) was represented by patients admitted to hospital for AMI and sample 2 (380 cases) for other coronary diagnosis. Results Tosc-AMI attack rates increased from the period 1997 to 2005 (men: +17%; women: +30%) and then they decreased in the following 2 years (men: −8%; women: −13%). The rise of AMI hospital admissions was due to cases with ICD9-CM code 410.7 (largely representing non-ST elevation MI). According to the AHA criteria, 94.6% events of sample 1 and 29.8% events of sample 2 fulfilled the most extensive criteria for definite, probable or possible AMI. As expected, the more updated AHA definition identified as definite AMI an additional 33.3% when compared to the MONICA criteria (86.0% vs 52.7%). Conclusions The study suggests an influence of the new diagnostic criteria on the rising AMI trend observed in the early 2000s, an increase of less severe cases and a decreasing trend of forms with a more extended myocardial damage.
Published: 2010

41. Explaining the Decrease in Coronary Heart Disease Mortality in Italy Between 1980 and 2000

Author: Simona Giampaoli, Luigi Palmieri, Simon Capewell, and Kathleen Bennett
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Research and Practice, Cardiovascular risk factors, Blood Pressure, Coronary Disease, Body Mass Index, Chd mortality, Sex Factors, Risk Factors, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, Mortality, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, Mortality rate, Public health, Age Factors, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Middle Aged, Models, Theoretical, Coronary heart disease, Hospitalization, Cholesterol, Blood pressure, Italy, Female, sense organs, business, Body mass index, Demography
Abstract: Objectives. We examined the extent to which the decrease in coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality rates in Italy could be explained by changes in cardiovascular risk factors versus the use of medical and surgical treatments. Methods. We used a validated model to combine data on changes in risk factors and uptake and effectiveness of cardiac treatments among adult men and women in Italy between 1980 and 2000. Data sources included results of published trials, meta-analyses, official statistics, longitudinal studies, and national surveys. The difference between observed and expected CHD deaths in 2000 was partitioned among treatments and risk factors. Results. From 1980 to 2000, the age-adjusted CHD mortality rate in Italy fell among persons aged 25 to 84 years, resulting in 42 930 fewer CHD deaths in 2000. Approximately 40% of this decrease was attributed to treatments and 55% to changes in risk factors. Conclusions. Over half of the CHD mortality fall in Italy between 1980 and 2000 was attributable to reductions in major risk factors, mainly cholesterol and blood pressure, and less than half to evidence-based medical therapies. These results are becoming increasingly important, both for understanding past trends and for planning future prevention and treatment strategies.
Published: 2010

42. Mutations in the mitochondrial glutamate carrierSLC25A22in neonatal epileptic encephalopathy with suppression bursts

Author: Francis Brunelle, Laurence Colleaux, Anna Kaminska, Perrine Plouin, Giuseppe Fiermonte, Luigi Palmieri, Annick Raas-Rothschild, Ferdinando Palmieri, Nathalie Boddaert, Florence Molinari, Olivier Dulac, and Arnold Munnich
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Microcephaly, Amino Acid Transport System X-AG, DNA Mutational Analysis, Molecular Sequence Data, Encephalopathy, Neonatal onset, medicine.disease_cause, Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins, Infant, Newborn, Diseases, Mitochondrial Proteins, Epilepsy, Internal medicine, Genetics, Humans, Medicine, Family, Ictal, Genetics (clinical), Mutation, Base Sequence, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Glutamate receptor, Membrane Transport Proteins, medicine.disease, Hypotonia, Mitochondria, Pedigree, Endocrinology, Female, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Neonatal epileptic encephalopathies with suppression bursts (SBs) are very severe and relatively rare diseases characterized by neonatal onset of seizures, interictal electroencephalogram (EEG) with SB pattern and very poor neurological outcome or death. Their etiology remains elusive but they are occasionally caused by metabolic diseases or malformations. Studying an Arab Muslim Israeli consanguineous family, with four affected children presenting a severe neonatal epileptic encephalopathy, we have previously identified a mutation in the SLC25A22 gene encoding a mitochondrial glutamate transporter. In this report, we describe a novel SLC25A22 mutation in an unrelated patient born from first cousin Algerian parents and presenting severe epileptic encephalopathy characterized by an EEG with SB, hypotonia, microcephaly and abnormal electroretinogram. We showed that this patient carried a homozygous p.G236W SLC25A22 mutation which alters a highly conserved amino acid and completely abolishes the glutamate carrier's activity in vitro. Comparison of the clinical features of patients from both families suggests that SLC25A22 mutations are responsible for a novel clinically recognizable epileptic encephalopathy with SB.
Published: 2009

43. The Italian Register of Cardiovascular Diseases: Attack Rates and Case Fatality for Cerebrovascular Events

Author: Giancarlo Cesana, Federico Vancheri, Simona Giampaoli, C.A. Goldoni, Paola Ciccarelli, E. de Campora, Alessandro Barchielli, Paolo Spolaore, Massimo Uguccioni, Luigi Palmieri, Diego Vanuzzo, Palmieri, L, Barchielli, A, Cesana, G, de Campora, E, Goldoni, C, Spaolone, P, Uguccioni, M, Vancheri, F, Vanuzzo, D, Cicaraelli, P, and Giampaoli, S
Subjects: Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Attack rate, Population, Myocardial Infarction, Age Distribution, epidemiology, cerebrovascular events, Case fatality rate, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, Registries, Sex Distribution, education, Aged, Demography, Original Paper, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), food and beverages, Middle Aged, Italy, Neurology, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Age distribution, Neurology (clinical), Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Background: The Italian register of cardiovascular diseases is a surveillance system of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events in the general population aged 35–74 years. It was launched in Italy at the end of the 1990s with the aim of estimating periodically the occurrence and case fatality rate of coronary and cerebrovascular events in the different geographical areas of the country. This paper presents data for cerebrovascular events. Methods: Currentevents were assessed through record linkage between two sources of information: death certificates and hospital discharge diagnosis records. Events were identified through the ICD codes and duration. To calculate the number of estimated events, current events were multiplied by the positive predictive value of each specific mortality or discharge code derived from the validation of a sample of suspected events. Attack rates were calculated by dividing estimatedevents by resident population, and case fatality rate at 28 days was determined from the ratio of estimated fatal to total events. Results: Attack rates were found to be higher in men than in women: mean age-standardized attack rate was 21.9/10,000 in men and 12.5/10,000 in women; age-standardized 28-day case fatality rate was higher in women (17.1%) than in men (14.5%). Significant geographical differences were found in attack rates of both men and women. Case fatality was significantly heterogeneous in both men and women. Conclusions: Differences still exist in the geographical distribution of attack and case fatality rates of cerebrovascular events, regardless of the north-south gradient. These data show the feasibility of implementing a population-based register using a validated routine database, necessary for monitoring cardiovascular diseases.
Published: 2007

44. Favorable cardiovascular risk profile and 10-year coronary heart disease incidence in women and men: results from the Progetto CUORE

Author: Giancarlo Cesana, Jeremiah Stamler, Salvatore Panico, Diego Vanuzzo, Simona Giampaoli, Chiara Donfrancesco, Michela Trojani, Luigi Palmieri, Roberto Sega, Marco M Ferrario, Paolo Chiodini, Lorenza Pilottoc, Palmieri, L, Donfrancesco, C, Giampaoli, S, Trojani, M, Panico, Salvatore, Vanuzzo, D, Pilotto, L, Cesana, G, Ferrario, M, Chiodini, P, Sega, R, Stamler, J., Panico, S, Cesana, Gc, Chiodini, Paolo, AND STAMLER, J., Troiani, M, and Stamler, J
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, Population, Coronary Disease, Risk Factors, Diabetes mellitus, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Risk factor, Prospective cohort study, education, Stroke, Aged, education.field_of_study, Framingham Risk Score, epidemiology, cardiovascular disease, business.industry, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Italy, Population Surveillance, Cardiology, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular risk factor research has recently broadened its focus based on new data indicating the benefits of low risk, i.e. favorable levels of all major risk factors. The aims of this study were to assess further the relation of low risk to coronary heart disease risk, and implications for prevention. DESIGN: We conducted a prospective population-based Italian study, of 7438 men and 13 009 women aged 35-69 years, with a mean follow-up of 10.4 years and validated first coronary events. METHODS: Baseline coronary heart disease risk was classified into three categories: low risk; unfavorable but not high risk; and high risk. To analyze the relation of these risk profiles to coronary heart disease incidence, age-adjusted, sex-averaged coronary heart disease incidence was calculated for persons free of coronary heart disease and stroke, stratified as baseline low risk, unfavorable but not high risk or high risk. To assess the independent relationship of individual risk factors to coronary heart disease incidence, multivariate proportional hazards models were computed for combinations of risk factors. RESULTS: Only 2.7% of participants met low risk criteria; 81.4% were high risk. Age-adjusted coronary heart disease incidence for the whole cohort was 37.1 out of 10000 person-years (men 59.0; women 15.3). No coronary heart disease events occurred in low-risk men, only two in low-risk women. For women and men who were not high risk, the age-sex standardized coronary heart disease rate was 62% lower than for high-risk participants. Blood pressure, need for antihypertensive medication, smoking, hyperglycemia, diabetes, total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were independently related to coronary heart disease risk. CONCLUSIONS: Favorable levels of all modifiable readily measured risk factors - rare among Italian adults - assure minimal coronary heart disease risk. Population-wide prevention is needed, especially improved lifestyles, to increase the proportion of the population at low risk. © 2006 The European Society of Cardiology.
Published: 2006

45. Sampling, recruitment and response rate in the Italian Health Examination Survey (OEC/HES) 2008-2012

Author: Simona Giampaoli, Diego Vanuzzo, Chiara Donfrancesco, C Lo Noce, and Luigi Palmieri
Subjects: Response rate (survey), Gerontology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Life style, medicine.medical_treatment, education, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Alternative medicine, Physical activity, Healthy diet, Health examination, medicine, Smoking cessation, Sampling (medicine), business
Abstract: Background Italy has a long tradition of cardiovascular surveys. Due to the decline in the participation rates, in the OEC/HES new exams such as bone densitometry were added; more attention was put to select and train the fieldwork staff; possibility to change the appointment was offered. Methods The OEC/HES was conducted in May 2008-July 2012; 220 men and women aged 35-79 years per 1.5 million persons were randomly selected for a …
Published: 2014

46. Impaired Mitochondrial Glutamate Transport in Autosomal Recessive Neonatal Myoclonic Epilepsy

Author: Luigi Palmieri, Ziva Ben-Neriah, Arnold Munnich, Florence Molinari, Férechté Encha-Razavi, Pierre Rustin, Tania Attié-Bitach, Marlène Rio, Annick Raas-Rothschild, Michel Vekemans, Giuseppe Fiermonte, Noman Kadhom, Laurence Colleaux, Ferdinando Palmieri, Aix Marseille Université (AMU), The Chaim Sheba Medical Center [Tel Hashomer, Israel], Handicaps génétiques de l'enfant (Inserm U393), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Cytogénétique et Embryologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Social Robotics Laboratory, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Department of Genetics, Hadassah University Hospital, Hadassah University Hospital, Génétique et épigénétique des maladies métaboliques, neurosensorielles et du développement (Inserm U781), Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Necker], Neuroprotection du Cerveau en Développement / Promoting Research Oriented Towards Early Cns Therapies (PROTECT), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Università degli studi di Bari, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Male, Mitochondrial carrier, medicine.medical_specialty, Amino Acid Transport System X-AG, Glutamic Acid, Epilepsies, Myoclonic, Neonatal onset, Mitochondrion, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, 0302 clinical medicine, Myoclonic Epilepsies, Mutant protein, Report, Internal medicine, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Missense mutation, Genetics(clinical), Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Glutamate receptor, Electroencephalography, Glutamic acid, Glutamic Acid metabolism, medicine.disease, Mitochondria, Endocrinology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Child, Preschool, Karyotyping, Myoclonic epilepsy, Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Severe neonatal epilepsies with suppression-burst pattern are epileptic syndromes with either neonatal onset or onset during the first months of life. These disorders are characterized by a typical electroencephalogram pattern-namely, suppression burst, in which higher-voltage bursts of slow waves mixed with multifocal spikes alternate with isoelectric suppression phases. Here, we report the genetic mapping of an autosomal recessive form of this condition to chromosome 11p15.5 and the identification of a missense mutation (p.Pro206Leu) in the gene encoding one of the two mitochondrial glutamate/H + symporters (SLC25A22, also known as "GC1"). The mutation co-segregated with the disease and altered a highly conserved amino acid. Functional analyses showed that glutamate oxidation in cultured skin fibroblasts from patients was strongly defective. Further studies in reconstituted proteo-liposomes showed defective [ 14 C]glutamate uniport and [ 14 C]glutamate/glutamate exchange by mutant protein. Moreover , expression studies showed that, during human development, SLC25A22 is specifically expressed in the brain, within territories proposed to contribute to the genesis and control of myoclonic seizures. These findings provide the first direct molecular link between glutamate mitochondrial metabolism and myoclonic epilepsy and suggest potential insights into the pathophysiological bases of severe neonatal epilepsies with suppression-burst pattern.
Published: 2005

47. OS 06-07 COMBINING SHORT- AND LONG-TERM RISK SCORES IN PRIMARY PREVENTION OF MAJOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE EVENTS IN LOW INCIDENCE POPULATIONS

Author: Simona Giampaoli, Diego Vanuzzo, Giancarlo Cesana, Luigi Palmieri, Guido Grassi, Francesco Gianfagna, Marco M Ferrario, and Giovanni Veronesi
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Framingham Risk Score, Physiology, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Disease, Long term risk, Primary prevention, Epidemiology, Internal Medicine, Physical therapy, Medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Published: 2016

48. Impact of age and gender on the prevalence and prognostic importance of the metabolic syndrome and its components in europeans. the MORGAM prospective cohort project

Author: Julie K K Vishram, Anders Borglykke, Anne H Andreasen, Jørgen Jeppesen, Hans Ibsen, Torben Jørgensen, Luigi Palmieri, Simona Giampaoli, Chiara Donfrancesco, Frank Kee, Giuseppe Mancia, Giancarlo Cesana, Kari Kuulasmaa, Veikko Salomaa, Susana Sans, Jean Ferrieres, Jean Dallongeville, Stefan Söderberg, Dominique Arveiler, Aline Wagner, Hugh Tunstall-Pedoe, Wojciech Drygas, Michael H Olsen, MORGAM Project, Vishram, J, Borglykke, A, Andreasen, A, Jeppesen, J, Ibsen, H, Jørgensen, T, Palmieri, L, Giampaoli, S, Donfrancesco, C, Kee, F, Mancia, G, Cesana, G, Kuulasmaa, K, Salomaa, V, Sans, S, Ferrieres, J, Dallongeville, J, Söderberg, S, Arveiler, D, Wagner, A, Tunstall-Pedoe, H, Drygas, W, and Olsen, M
Subjects: Gerontology, Male, Epidemiology, Myocardial Infarction, Sex Factor, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 0302 clinical medicine, Cardiovascular Disease, Medicine and Health Sciences, Prevalence, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems, Clinical Epidemiology, Age Factor, Young adult, Prospective cohort study, Stroke, Metabolic Syndrome, Multidisciplinary, Kardiologi, Hazard ratio, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Europe, Cardiovascular Diseases, Medicine, Female, Cohort study, Research Article, Human, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Prognosi, Science, Cardiology, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Follow-Up Studie, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases in Women, Diabetes Mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology, Aged, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), business.industry, Risk Factor, Health Risk Analysis, Communication in Health Care, medicine.disease, Health Care, Prospective Studie, Dyslipidemia, Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all), Metabolic Disorders, Hyperglycemia, Women's Health, Metabolic syndrome, Cohort Studie, business
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the influence of age and gender on the prevalence and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in Europeans presenting with the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). Methods: Using 36 cohorts from the MORGAM-Project with baseline between 1982-1997, 69094 men and women aged 19-78 years, without known CVD, were included. During 12.2 years of follow-up, 3.7%/2.1% of men/women died due to CVD. The corresponding percentages for fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke were 8.3/3.8 and 3.1/2.5. Results: The prevalence of MetS, according to modified definitions of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the revised National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII), increased across age groups for both genders (P0.05), in women the HRs for CHD declined with age (HRs 3.23/3.98 to 1.55/1.56; MetS*age, P = 0.01/P = 0.001 for IDF/NCEP-ATPIII) while the HRs for stroke tended to increase (HRs 1.31/1.25 to 1.55/1.83; MetS*age, P>0.05). Conclusion: In Europeans, both age and gender influenced the prevalence of MetS and its prognostic significance. The present results emphasise the importance of being critical of MetS in its current form as a marker of CVD especially in women, and advocate for a redefinition of MetS taking into account age especially in women. Errata PLoS ONE (2015) 10(5), e0128848 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128848
Published: 2014

49. Estimating population-based incidence and prevalence of major coronary events

Author: Diego Vanuzzo, Lorenza Pilotto, Riccardo Capocaccia, Simona Giampaoli, and Luigi Palmieri
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Population ageing, Epidemiology, Population, Myocardial Ischemia, Coronary Disease, Cohort Studies, Age Distribution, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, Registries, education, Survival analysis, Aged, Likelihood Functions, education.field_of_study, Models, Statistical, business.industry, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), General Medicine, Middle Aged, Survival Analysis, Surgery, Italy, Cohort, Regression Analysis, Female, business, Developed country, Cohort study, Demography
Abstract: Population-based data on coronary events are generally lacking for large areas, such as at the nation-wide level. While mortality data are currently and exhaustively collected in all developed countries and in a few developing countries, incidence and prevalence are often available only for certain subgroups of the population under study.We propose to estimate population-based incidence and prevalence of coronary events through a mathematical method using mortality and survival data as input, and to forecast coronary event occurrence using an age, period and cohort approach. The method reconstructs incidence and prevalence of major coronary events in Italy from 1970 to 1997 and projects trends up to the year 2007 using survival data on coronary events from the Area Friuli-MONICA (MONItoring of CArdiovascular diseases) register.Major coronary event incidence has been decreasing since 1977 for men and since 1974, for women. Conversely, major coronary event prevalence increased up to the end of the 1980s for men and up to the early 1980s for women, and it has been declining thereafter. Major coronary event prevalence results from three main effects: increasing survival, population ageing, and incidence trend.Availability of national population data, collection of population-based survival data from the MONICA registers and appropriate statistical and mathematical methods help to estimate and project incidence and prevalence trends for major coronary events. This information is essential to plan and implement actions aimed at improving medical care services, and to evaluate the impact of public health interventions as well as spontaneously changing habits. Incidence, prevalence, mortality, projections, ischaemic heart disease, coronary events
Published: 2001

50. The age-specific quantitative effects of metabolic risk factors on cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a pooled analysis

Author: Susan Kirkland, Paul Zimmet, Alberto Tosetto, Marianne Benn, Torben Jørgensen, Miguel A. Rubio, Paul Nietert, Chiara Donfrancesco, Børge Nordestgaard, Mohammad Arfan Ikram, Stefan Söderberg, Giel Nijpels, Vilmundur Gudnason, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Adam Butterworth, Oscar Franco, Michael Marmot, Thor Aspelund, Angela Wood, Jaana Lindström, Eric Brunner, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, Stuart Watson, Maja-Lisa Løchen, Agustín Gomez de la Camara, Rachel Dankner, Coen Stehouwer, George Davey Smith, Debbie A Lawlor, Bianca Lucia De Stavola, Aage Tverdal, Hermann Brenner, Ben Schöttker, David Couper, Mark Woodward, Hiroyuki Noda, Luigi Palmieri, Peter Whincup, Jørgen Jespersen, Markku Peltonen, Jean Ferrieres, Mohammed Ali, Wolfgang Koenig, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Farshad Farzadfar, Nigel Unwin, Else Marie Bladbjerg, Tiina Laatikainen, Lucy Lennon, Benoit Lamarche, Sarah Lewington, Christodoulos Stefanadis, Andy Haines, Hanno Ulmer, Timo Strandberg, Karina Davidson, Vasan Ramachandran, Johan Ärnlöv, Dietrich Rothenbacher, Richard Morris, Johan Sundstrom, Mary Cushman, Philippe Amouyel, Interne Geneeskunde, RS: CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Epidemiology and Data Science, EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes, Hjelt Institute (-2014), Department of Public Health, Department of Medicine, Yleissisätautien yksikkö, Clinicum, and Geriatrian yksikkö
Subjects: Blood Glucose, Male, Non-Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology, lcsh:Medicine, Blood Pressure, Coronary Artery Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Cardiovascular, Global Health, Body Mass Index, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, cardiovascular disease, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, lcsh:Science, Stroke, Epidemiological Methods, 2. Zero hunger, Aged, 80 and over, Multidisciplinary, diabetes, Confounding, Age Factors, Middle Aged, Hypertensive heart disease, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, 3. Good health, Cholesterol, Cardiovascular Diseases, Hypertension, Female, Public Health, Cohort study, Research Article, Adult, Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, Clinical Research Design, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, ddc:610, cardiovascular diseases, Risk factor, Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology, Aged, Diabetic Endocrinology, Health Care Policy, business.industry, lcsh:R, Health Risk Analysis, metabolic risk factors, medicine.disease, Patient Outcome Assessment, Relative risk, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Metabolic Disorders, lcsh:Q, Preventive Medicine, business, Body mass index
Abstract: Background: The effects of systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum total cholesterol (TC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and body mass index (BMI) on the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have been established in epidemiological studies, but consistent estimates of effect sizes by age and sex are not available. Methods: We reviewed large cohort pooling projects, evaluating effects of baseline or usual exposure to metabolic risks on ischemic heart disease (IHD), hypertensive heart disease (HHD), stroke, diabetes, and, as relevant selected other CVDs, after adjusting for important confounders. We pooled all data to estimate relative risks (RRs) for each risk factor and examined effect modification by age or other factors, using random effects models. Results: Across all risk factors, an average of 123 cohorts provided data on 1.4 million individuals and 52,000 CVD events. Each metabolic risk factor was robustly related to CVD. At the baseline age of 55-64 years, the RR for 10 mmHg higher SBP was largest for HHD (2.16; 95% CI 2.09-2.24), followed by effects on both stroke subtypes (1.66; 1.39-1.98 for hemorrhagic stroke and 1.63; 1.57-1.69 for ischemic stroke). In the same age group, RRs for 1 mmol/L higher TC were 1.44 (1.29-1.61) for IHD and 1.20 (1.15-1.25) for ischemic stroke. The RRs for 5 kg/m 2 higher BMI for ages 55-64 ranged from 2.32 (2.04-2.63) for diabetes, to 1.44 (1.40-1.48) for IHD. For 1 mmol/L higher FPG, RRs in this age group were 1.18 (1.08-1.29) for IHD and 1.14 (1.01-1.29) for total stroke. For all risk factors, proportional effects declined with age, were generally consistent by sex, and differed by region in only a few age groups for certain risk factor-disease pairs. Conclusion: Our results provide robust, comparable and precise estimates of the effects of major metabolic risk factors on CVD and diabetes by age group.
Published: 2013

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