Author: "Cavazza, A." / Topic: medicine.medical_specialty - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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388 results on '"Cavazza, A."'

1. Nonneoplastic pathology of the large and small airways

Author: Alberto Cavazza, Kevin O. Leslie, and Mattia Barbareschi
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Lung, medicine.diagnostic_test, Non neoplastic, Small airways, business.industry, food and beverages, Clinical settings, Disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Biopsy, Rare case, medicine, Radiology, Medical diagnosis, business
Abstract: The airways are frequently involved in nonneoplastic lung diseases, and sometimes their involvement dominates the clinical picture. In these situations, the combination of clinical and radiologic findings is sometimes sufficient to reach a firm diagnosis; however, in a significant proportion of cases a biopsy is obtained, frequently representing a challenge for the practicing pathologists. In the present chapter, beside the description of some well defined entities, we present the most relevant morphologic features that can be encountered on small endoscopic biopsies and on surgical samples, trying to identify the elementary lesions and to correlate them with the complexity of the different clinical settings where they can be found. It is a rare case in which the morphological features are diagnostic per se of a specific disease. Conversely, the identification of a few key elementary lesions can be of help to narrow the differential diagnoses that can be offered to clinicians to complete the difficult puzzle of interstitial lung diseases.
Published: 2024

2. Impact of Lung Biopsy Information on Treatment Strategy of Patients with Interstitial Lung Diseases

Author: Leonardo Gori, Sara Tomassetti, Mauro Pavone, Sara Piciucchi, Giulio Rossi, Elisabetta Rosi, Silvia Puglisi, Carlo Vancheri, Luca Donati, Valentina Luzzi, Venerino Poletti, Alessandra Dubini, AU Wells, Thomas V. Colby, Alberto Cavazza, Federico Lavorini, Jay H. Ryu, M. Matucci-Cerinic, and Claudia Ravaglia
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Prognosis prediction, medicine.medical_specialty, High-resolution computed tomography, Biopsy, Low Confidence, Lung biopsy, surgical lung biopsy, Text mining, Usual interstitial pneumonia, Internal medicine, Bronchoscopy, medicine, Humans, interstitial lung diseases, Lung, Retrospective Studies, IPF treatment, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, transbronchial lung cryobiopsy, respiratory system, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, medicine.disease, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, respiratory tract diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Treatment strategy, Lung Diseases, Interstitial, business
Abstract: Rationale: Lung biopsy (LBx) has a relevant role in the prediction of prognosis of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), but its impact on the clinical management of patients remains unexplored. Objectives: This study evaluates whether LBx may change the therapeutic strategy and assesses the effect of diagnostic reclassification after LBx on long-term prognosis. Methods: We evaluated the LBx of 426 consecutive patients with ILDs, without a definite usual interstitial pneumonia pattern on high-resolution computed tomographic imaging. A total of 266 patients underwent transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC), and 160 patients underwent surgical lung biopsy (SLB). The multidisciplinary team (MDT) determined a diagnosis with high or low confidence, and a management strategy, both before and after the LBx data. Results: Final MDT diagnoses were 189 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), 143 non-IPF fibrotic ILDs, and 94 nonfibrotic ILDs. LBx data changed the management strategy in 145 cases (34%), with similar results for TBLC and SLB (the treatment strategy changed in 31.5% of TBLC cases, 84/266, P
Published: 2022

3. The role of disgust as an emotional barrier to colorectal cancer screening participation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author: Giulia Scaglioni, Nicoletta Cavazza, and Margherita Guidetti
Subjects: avoidance, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Colorectal cancer, disgust, Internal medicine, medicine, neoplasms, Applied Psychology, Crc screening, screening, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Medicine, General Chemistry, emotional barriers, meta-analysis, medicine.disease, humanities, digestive system diseases, Disgust, Colorectal cancer screening, Meta-analysis, Psychology, Systematic search
Abstract: Worldwide colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates are suboptimal. This systematic review and meta-analysis examine the role of disgust in CRC screening avoidance.A systematic literature search was conducted. In all, 46 studies were included in the review. Among these, 16 studies were compared with a meta-analytical approach in order to 1) estimate the effect size of state disgust on screening intention and attendance; 2) examine whether methodological characteristics moderate the effect of state disgust on screening behaviour; 3) estimate the effect sizes of trait disgust and type of exam kit on state disgust.In the reviewed studies, state disgust was often associated with CRC screening and especially with CRC screening avoidance. The meta-analysis confirmed low-to-moderate negative effects of state disgust on screening intention and attendance. Population sampling strategy was the only significant moderator of the effect of state disgust on screening attendance, i.e. studies that used convenience (Disgust can boost CRC screening avoidance. Further studies and interventions must be designed to help patients in overcoming this emotional barrier.
Published: 2021

4. Convalescent plasma in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised controlled, open-label, platform trial

Author: Obbina Abani, Ali Abbas, Fatima Abbas, Mustafa Abbas, Sadia Abbasi, Hakam Abbass, Alfie Abbott, Nabeel Abdallah, Ashraf Abdelaziz, Mohamed Abdelfattah, Bushra Abdelqader, David Abdo, Basir Abdul, Althaf Abdul Rasheed, Ajibode Abdulakeem, Rezan Abdul-Kadir, Amina Abdulle, Abdulfatahi Abdulmumeen, Rasheed Abdul-Raheem, Niyaz Abdulshukkoor, Kula Abdusamad, Yazeed Abed El Khaleq, Mai Abedalla, Abeer Ul Amna Abeer Ul Amna, Katrina Abernethy, Adebanke Aboaba, Hani Abo-Leyah, Ahmed Abou-Haggar, Mahmoud Abouibrahim, Miriam Abraham, Tizzy Abraham, Abraheem Abraheem, Judith Abrams, Hyacinth-John Abu, Ahmed Abu-Arafeh, Syed M Abubacker, Akata Abung, Yaa Aceampong, Amaka Achara, Devikumar Acharya, Sarah Acheampong, Janet Acheson, Andres Acosta, Catherine Acton, Jacqueline Adabie-Ankrah, Sara Adair, Fiona Adam, Matthew Adam, Huzaifa Adamali, Carol Adams, Charlotte Adams, Kate Adams, Lisa Adams, Richard Adams, Tim Adams, Kirsty Adcock, Jemaimah Addai, Ade Adebiyi, Ken Adegoke, Vicki Adell, Debo Ademokun, Sherna Adenwalla, Oluwasegun A Adesemoye, Emmanuel O Adewunmi, Joyce Adeyemi, Rina Adhikary, Gabrielle Adkins, Adnan Adnan, John Aeron-Thomas, Debbie Affleck, Dominic Affron, Carmel Afnan, Muhammad Afridi, Zainab A Aftab, Meenakshi Agarwal, Rachel Agbeko, Chris Agbo, Penny Agent, Sunil Aggarwal, Arameh Aghababaie, Shafana Ahamed Sadiq, Mohamed H Ahammed Nazeer, Humayun Ahmad, Mohammad Ahmad, Syed Ahmad, Asim Ahmed, Bilal Ahmed, Forizuddin Ahmed, Hamze Ahmed, Iram Ahmed, Irshad Ahmed, Khaled Ahmed, Liban Ahmed, Mahin Ahmed, Maria C Ahmed, Muhammad S Ahmed, Naseer Ahmed, Nausheen Ahmed, Osama Ahmed, Rajia A Ahmed, Rizwan Ahmed, Saif Ahmed, Sammiya Ahmed, Sara Ahmed, Sophia Ahmed, Syed Ahmed, Syed Haris Ahmed, Roa Ahmed Ali, Sana Ahmed, Sana Ahmer, Dhiraj Ail, Mark Ainsworth, Giulia Airoldi, Myriam Aissa, Lindianne Aitken, Bini Ajay, Francis Ajeneye, Abdulakeem Ajibode, Ayesha Ajmi, Tahir Akbar, Naim Akhtar, Nasim Akhtar, Nauman Akhtar, Suha Akili, Oludoyinsola Akindolie, Yinka Akinfenwa, Olugbenga Akinkugbe, Ibrahim Akinpelu, Olajide Akinwumiju, Olugbenro Aktinade, Ahmad Al Aaraj, Asma Al Balushi, Majd Al Dakhola, Aladdin Al Swaifi, Eslam Al-Abadi, Narendra Aladangady, Ayaz Alam, Sajid Alam, Abbas Al-Asadi, Karina Al-Asadi, Kyriaki Alatzoglou, Manaf Al-Bayati, Paul Albert, Lorraine Albon, Gemma Alcorn, Stephen Alcorn, Aggie Aldana, David Alderdice, Rayan Aldouri, Jonathan Aldridge, Nicolas Aldridge, Ana Alegria, Alison Alexander, John Alexander, Peter D G Alexander, Charlotte Alford, Julyan Al-Fori, Laith Alghazawi, Bahij Al-Hakim, Shams Al-Hity, Ali Ali, Asad Ali, Fawzia R Ali, Hoodo Ali, Jawad Ali, Mariam Ali, Mohammad Ali, Nayab Ali, Oudai Ali, Sabira Ali, Sakina Ali, Syed Ali, Abid Alina, Fine Aliyuda, Katrin Alizadeh, Maithem Al-Jibury, Saba Al-Juboori, Majid Al-Khalil, Moutaz Alkhusheh, Allameddine Allameddine, Fiona Allan, Rachel Allan, Alison Allanson, Robert Allcock, Beverley Allen, Eireann Allen, Jess Allen, Kerry Allen, Laura Allen, Louise Allen, Poppy Allen, Rebecca Allen, Sam Allen, Sharon Allen, Simon Allen, Kathryn Allison, Bethan Allman, Lynne Allsop, Hassan Al-Moasseb, Magda Al-Obaidi, Lina Alomari, Akram Al-Rabahi, Bahar Al-Ramadhani, Zayneb Al-Saadi, Inji Alshaer, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman, Warkaq Al-Shamkhani, Bashar Al-Sheklly, Sara Altaf, Mary Alvarez, Balaal Alyas, Maysaa Alzetani, Susan Amamou, Noor Amar, Sakkarai Ambalavanan, Sarah-Jayne Ambler, Robert Ambrogetti, Chris Ambrose, Amir Ameen, Kenneth Amenyah, Maria R Amezaga, Allison Amin, Amina Amin, Kanish Amin, Syed Amin, Tara Amin, Amjad Amjad, Neelma Amjad, Mariam Ammoun, Victoria Amosun, Khaled Amsha, Pugh Amy, Atul Anand, Rekha Anand, Samantha Anandappa, Julie Anderson, Kevin Anderson, Laura Anderson, Michelle Anderson, Nicola Anderson, Rachel Anderson, Rory Anderson, Wendy Anderson, Prematie Andreou, Angela Andrews, Antonette Andrews, Jill Andrews, Susan Andrews, Gregory Andrikopoulos, Kanayochukwu Aneke, Andrew Ang, Wan Wei Ang, Tammy Angel, Aramburo Angela, Paola Angelini, Lazarus Anguvaa, Oleg Anichtchik, Millicent Anim-Somuah, Krishnan Aniruddhan, Jessica Annett, Patrick J Anstey, Rebekah Anstey, Alpha Anthony, Aaron Anthony-Pillai, Philip Antill, Zhelyazkova Antonina, Varghese Anu, Muhammad Anwar, George Apostolides, Aristeidis Apostolopoulos, Sarah Appleby, Diane Appleyard, Maia Far Aquino, Bianca Araba, Samuel Aransiola, Mariana Araujo, Emily Arbon, Ann Archer, Denise Archer, Simon Archer, Christian Ardley, Ana-Maria Arias, Ryoki Arimoto, Charlotte Arkley, Charlotte Armah, Ilianna Armata, Adam Armitage, Ceri Armstrong, Maureen Armstrong, Sonia Armstrong, Sylvia Armstrong-Fisher, Philippa Armtrong, Heike Arndt, Clare Arnison-Newgass, David Arnold, Rachael Arnold, Sarah Arnott, Dhawal Arora, Kavan Arora, Pardeep Arora, Rishi Arora, Andrea Arroyo, Arslam Arter, Ayush Arya, Rita Arya, Denisa Asandei, Adeeba Asghar, Catherine Ashbrook-Raby, Glen Ashby, Helen Ashby, Jan Ashcroft, John Ashcroft, Samuel Ashcroft, Deborah Asher, Ayesha Ashfaq, Ben Ashford, Suhail Ashgar, Abdul Ashish, Sally Ashman-Flavell, Sundar Ashok, Abd-El-Aziz Ashour, Muhammad Z Ashraf, Saima Ashraf, Mohammad B Ashraq, Deborah Ashton, Susan Ashton, Andrew Ashworth, Rebecca Ashworth, Arshia Aslam, Harshini Asogan, Abigail Asquith, Atif Asrar, Omar Assaf, Raine Astin-Chamberlain, Richard Athay-Hunt, Deborah Athorne, Billie Atkins, Christopher Atkins, Stacey Atkins, John Atkinson, Vicki Atkinson, Brygitta Atraskiewicz, Claire Atterbury, Abdul Ahmad Attia, Rita Atugonza, Paula Aubrey, Avinash Aujayeb, Aye Chan Thar Aung, Hnin Aung, Kyaw Thu Aung, Ni Aung, Yin Aung, Zaw Myo Aung, Emily Austin, Karen Austin, Abdusshakur Auwal, Miriam Avery, Joanne Avis, Georgina Aviss, Cristina Avram, Paula Avram, Gabriel Awadzi, Atia Awan, Aszad Aya, Eman Ayaz, Amanda Ayers, Jawwad Azam, Mohammed Azharuddin, Ghazala Aziz, N Aziz, Ali Azkoul, Ashaari Azman Shah, Giada Azzopardi, Hocine Azzoug, Fiyinfoluwa Babatunde, Melvin Babi, Babiker Babiker, Gayna Babington, Matthew Babirecki, Marta Babores, Adetona O Babs-Osibodu, Sammy Bacciarelli, Roudi Bachar, Gina Bacon, Jenny Bacon, Bibi Badal, Gurpreet R Badhan, Shreya Badhrinarayanan, Joseph P Bae, Sibel Bafekr Mishamandani, Alice Baggaley, Amy Baggott, Graham Bagley, Dinesh Bagmane, Lynsey Bagshaw, Kasra Bahadori, James Bailey, Katie Bailey, Lindsey Bailey, Liz Bailey, Morgan Bailey, Pippa Bailey, Sarah Bailey, Stephen Bailey, Hamish Baillie, J Kenneth Baillie, Jennifer Bain, Sanchia Baines, Vikram Bains, Aimi Baird, David Baird, Susan Baird, Tracy Baird, Yolanda Baird, Aiysha Bajandouh, Charles Baker, Emma Baker, Evelyn Baker, Johanne Baker, Josephine Baker, Kenneth Baker, Rebecca Baker, Terri-Anne Baker, Victoria Baker, Hugh Bakere, Nawar Bakerly, Michelle Baker-Moffatt, Nauman Bakhtiar, Panos Bakoulas, Julie Balaam, Niranjan Balachandran, Andrea Balan, Theodosios Balaskas, Madhu Balasubramaniam, Alison Balcombe, Alexander Baldwin, Ashley Baldwin, Caron Baldwin, Danielle Baldwin, Rebekah Baldwin-Jones, James Balfour, Gagan Bali, Sonya Balkee, Ceri Ball, Kasia Ballard, Amy Ballinger, Ismael Balluz, Craig Balmforth, Emese Balogh, Amir Baluwala, Gabby Bambridge, Alasdair Bamford, Amy Bamford, Peter Bamford, Adefunke Bamgboye, Elizabeth Bancroft, Hollie Bancroft, Tanya Bancroft, Joyce Banda, Krishna Bandaru, Srini Bandi, Nageswar Bandla, Somaditya Bandyopadhyam, Amit Banerjee, Millie Banerjee, Ritwik Banerjee, Harrison Banks, Lauren Banks, Luke Banks, Paul Banks, Oliver Bannister, Bharat Bansal, Robert Banthorpe, Laura Banton, Mariamma Baptist, Tanya Baqai, Ananya Mouli Baral, Desislava Baramova, Alex Barber, Russel Barber, Emma Barbon, Miriam Barbosa, Monica Barbosa, Jamie Barbour, Alexander Barclay, Claire Barclay, George Bardsley, Stephanie Bareford, Shahedal Bari, Amy Barker, Debbie Barker, Helen Barker, Joseph Barker, Leon Barker, Oliver Barker, Kerry Barker-Williams, Sinha Barkha, Juliana Barla, Gavin Barlow, Richard Barlow, Valerie Barlow, James Barnacle, Alex Barnard, Debi Barnes, Nicky Barnes, Theresa Barnes, Calum Barnetson, Amy Barnett, Matthew Barnett, Ashton Barnett-Vanes, William Barnsley, Andrew Barr, David Barr, Shaney Barratt, Manuella Barrera, Amy Barrett, Fiona Barrett, Jessica Barrett, Joe Barry, Jazz Bartholomew, Claire Bartlett, Georgina Bartlett, Greg Barton, Jill Barton, Lorna Barton, Rachael Barton, Rosaleen Baruah, Sonia Baryschpolec, Archana Bashyal, Betsy Basker, Ayten Basoglu, Gilda Bass, John Bassett, G Bassett, Chris Bassford, Pavinder Bassi, Betsy Bassis, Bengisu Bassoy, Victoria Bastion, Anupam Basumatary, Tristan Bate, Harry J Bateman, Ian Bateman, Kathryn Bateman, Vhairi Bateman, Eleanor Bates, Hayley Bates, Michelle Bates, Simon Bates, Sally Batham, Ana Batista, Amit Batla, Dushyant Batra, Donna Batty, Harry Batty, Thomas Batty, Peter Baughan, Miranda Baum, Carina Bautista, Fareha Bawa, Fatima S Bawani, Simon Bax, Lydia Baxter, Matt Baxter, Nicola Baxter, Zachary Baxter, Hannah Bayes, Charlotte Baylem, Lee Bayliss, Eileen Bays, Farid Bazari, Rohit Bazaz, Ahmad Bazli, Laura Beacham, Wendy Beadles, Philip Beak, Andy Beale, Kirk Beard, Jack Bearpark, Karen Beaumont, Dawn Beaumont-Jewell, Theresa Beaver, Sarah Beavis, Christy Beazley, Sarah Beck, Virginia Beckett, Rosie Beckitt, Heidi Beddall, Seonaid Beddows, Deborah Beeby, Gail Beech, Michelle Beecroft, Sally Beer, Jane Beety, Gabriela Bega, Alison Begg, Susan Begg, Sara Beghini, Ayesha Begum, Salman Begum, Selina Begum, Teresa Behan, Jasmine Beharry, Roya Behrouzi, Jon Beishon, Claire Beith, James Belcher, Holly Belfield, Katherine Belfield, Ajay Belgaumkar, Dina Bell, Gareth Bell, Gill Bell, Gillian Bell, Joshua Bell, Lauren Bell, Louise Bell, Nicholas Bell, Pippa Bell, Stephanie Bell, Jennifer L Bell, Jennifer Bellamu, Mary Bellamy, Arianna Bellini, Amanda Bellis, Fionn Bellis, Lesley Bendall, Naveena Benesh, Nicola Benetti, Leonie Benham, Guy Benison-Horner, Alexander Bennett, Ann Bennett, Caroline Bennett, Christopher Bennett, Gillian Bennett, Ian Bennett, Kristopher Bennett, Lorraine Bennett, Sara Bennett, Karen Bennion, Vivienne Benson, Jane Benstead, Andrew Bentley, Dionne Bentley, James Bentley, Ian Benton, Eva Beranova, Matthew Beresford, Colin Bergin, Malin Bergstrom, Jolanta Bernatoniene, Thomas Berriman, Zoe Berry, Marnie Berwick, Kimberley Best, Ans-Mari Bester, Yvonne Beuvink, Emily Bevan, Sarah Bevins, Tom Bewick, Andrew Bexley, Sonay Beyatli, Fenella Beynon, Arjun Bhadi, Sanjay Bhagani, Shiv Bhakta, Rekha Bhalla, Khushpreet Bhandal, Kulbinder Bhandal, Ashwin Bhandari, Sangam Bhandari, Aashutosh Bhanot, Ravina Bhanot, Sruti Bhaskara, Prashanth Bhat, Nikhil Bhatia, Rahul Bhatnagar, Karan Bhatt, Janki Bhayani, Deepika Bhojwani, Salimuzzaman Bhuiyan, Anna Bibby, Fatima Bibi, Naheeda Bibi, Salma Bibi, Tihana Bicanic, Sarah Bidgood, Julie Bigg, Sarah Biggs, Alphonsa Biju, Andras Bikov, Sophie Billingham, Jessica Billings, Carron Bilton, Teodirico Binas, Martin Binney, Alice Binns, Muhammad BinRofaie, Oliver Bintcliffe, Catherine Birch, Jenny Birch, Louann Birch, Janet Birchall, Katherine Birchall, Sam Bird, Sumedha Bird, Charndip Biring, Mark Birt, Raquel Bisa, Kilanalei Bishop, Linda Bishop, Lisa Bishop, Karen Bisnauthsing, Nibedan Biswas, Sahar Biuk, Karen Blachford, Ethel Black, Helen Black, Karen Black, Mairead Black, Polly Black, Hayley Blackgrove, Bethan Blackledge, Joanne Blackler, Samantha Blackley, Helen Blackman, Stuart Blackmore, Caroline Blackstock, Loraine Blackwood, Francesca Blakemore, Helen Blamey, Alison Bland, Sujata Blane, Simon Blankley, Mary Blanton, Parry Blaxill, Jenny Blaxland, Katie Blaylock, Jane Blazeby, Carol Blears, Natalie Blencowe, Donna Blofield, Ben Bloom, Jack Bloomfield, Angela Bloss, Hannah Bloxham, Louise Blundell, Andrew Blunsum, Mark Blunt, Ian Blyth, Kevin Blyth, Andrew Blythe, Karen Blythe, Marilyn Boampoaa, Boniface Bobie, Karen Bobruk, Pritesh Bodalia, Neena Bodasing, Tanya Bodenham, Sherin Bodh, Gabriele Boehmer, Marta Boffito, Kristyna Bohmova, Sumit Bokhandi, Maria Bokhar, Saba Bokhari, Sakina Bokhari, Syed Owais Bokhari, Ambrose Boles, Sarah Bollington, Sam Bolton, Charlotte Bomken, Charlotte Bond, Hayley Bond, Helena Bond, Stuart Bond, Thomas Bond, Alice Bone, Georgia Boniface, Wendy Bonnert, Lizzy Bonney, Leigh Boorman, Catherine Booth, Joanne Borbone, Cameron Borhani, Naomi Borman, Rachel Borrell, Mamu Boshir, Fiona Bottrill, Laura Bough, Hayley Boughton, Zoe Boult, Miriam Bourke, Stephen Bourke, Michelle Bourne, Rachel Bousfield, Lucy Boustred, Darren Bowen, Kaye Bowen, Alexandra Bowes, Amy Bowes, Philip Bowker, Louise Bowman, Simon Bowman, Rachel Bowmer, Angie Bowring, Geoff Bowyer, Helen Bowyer, Carmel Boyd, Jenny Boyd, Laura Boyd, Maxine Boyd, Namoi Boyle, Pauline Boyle, Rosalind Boyle, Louise Boyles, Osman Bozdag, Leanna Brace, David Brack, Charlotte Brackstone, Rob Bradburn, Jodie Bradder, Barry Bradley, Clare Jane Bradley, Pamela Bradley, Patrick Bradley, Paul Bradley, Joanne Bradley-Potts, Lynne Bradshaw, Sarah Bradshaw, Zena Bradshaw, Rebecca Brady, Shirin Brady, Denise Braganza, Suhail Brailsford, Jill Braithwaite, Marie Branch, Thomas Brankin-Frisby, Jamie Brannigan, Louise Brassington, Sophie Brattan, Fiona Bray, Nancy Bray, Angela Brazier, Manny Brazil, Lucy Brear, Tracy Brear, Stephen Brearey, Laura Bremner, Morwenna Brend, Giovanna Bretland, Chris Brewer, Hannah Bridge, Gavin Bridgwood, Hayley Briggs, Mark Briggs, Sara Brigham, John Bright, Chris Brightling, Lutece Brimfield, Elaine Brinkworth, Robin Brittain-Long, Vianne Britten, Terri Brittin, Lauren Broad, Sarah Broad, Rosie Broadhurst, Andrew Broadley, Marie Broadway, Christopher Brockelsby, Megan Brocken, Tomos Brockley, Andrew Broderick, Mary Brodsky, Fiona Brogan, David Broggio, Liz Brohan, Felicity Brokke, Jacob Brolly, David Bromley, Hannah Brooke-Ball, Verity Brooker, Ceri Brookes, Matthew Brookes, Alison Brooks, Karen Brooks, Nicole Brooks, Philip Brooks, Rachel Brooks, Sophie Brooks, Natalie Broomhead, Chloe Broughton, Nathaniel Broughton, Matt Brouns, Marie Browett, Alison Brown, Ammani Brown, Carly Brown, Catrin Brown, Chloe Brown, Elizabeth Brown, Ellen Brown, Heather Brown, Janet Brown, Louise Brown, Niall Brown, Pauline Brown, Rachel Brown, Richard Brown, Robert Brown, Steven Brown, Tom Brown, Wayne Brown, Bria Browne, Charlotte Browne, Duncan Browne, Mitchell Browne, Stephen Brownlee, Alba Brraka, David Bruce, Johanna Bruce, Michelle Bruce, Wojciech Brudlo, Nigel Brunskill, Alan Brunton, Margaret Brunton, Mandy Bryan, Meera Bryant, April Buazon, Maya Buch, Julie Buchan, Ruaridh Buchan, Alexis Buchanan, Ruaridh Buchanan, Danielle Buche, Amanda Buck, Matthew Buckland, Laura Buckley, Philip Buckley, Sarah Buckley, Carol Buckman, Kathleen Buckmire, George Bugg, Ramadan Bujazia, Marwan Bukhari, Shanze Bukhari, Richard Bulbulia, Alex Bull, Damian Bull, Rhian Bull, Thomas Bull, Naomi Bulteel, Kasun Bumunarachchi, Roneleeh Bungue-Tuble, Caroline Burchett, Dorota Burda, Christy Burden, Thomas G Burden, Mika Burgess, Paula Burgess, Richard Burgess, Sophia Burgess, Paula Burgett, Adrian Burman, Sara Burnard, Caroline Burnett, John Burnett, Amanda Burns, Amy Burns, Collette Burns, James Burns, Karen Burns, Samuel Burns, Sarah Burns, Daniel Burrage, Sadie Burrage, Kate Burrows, Claire Burston, Ben Burton, Fiona Burton, Matthew Burton, Angela Busby, Deborah Butcher, Aaron Butler, Jessica Butler, Joanne Butler, Joshua Butler, Lesley Butler, Peter Butler, Susan Butler, Al-Tahoor Butt, Mohammad M Butt, Sophia Butt, Caryl Butterworth, Nicola Butterworth-Cowin, Robert Buttery, Tom Buttle, Heather Button, Daniel Buttress, Jane Byrne, Wendy Byrne, Victoria Byrne-Watts, Eleanor Byworth, Amanda Cabandugama, Ruth Cade, Anthony Cadwgan, Donna Cairney, James Calderwood, Darren Caldow, Moira Caldwell, Giorgio Calisti, Debbie Callaghan, Jennifer Callaghan, Claire Callens, Donaldson Callum, Caroline Calver, Melissa Cambell-Kelly, Tracey Camburn, David R Cameron, Eleanor Cameron, Fraser Cameron, Sarah Cameron, Sheena Cameron, Christian Camm, Renee F D Cammack, Alison Campbell, Amy Campbell, Barbara Campbell, Bridget Campbell, Debbie Campbell, Helen Campbell, Hilary Campbell, Jonathan Campbell, Mark Campbell, Robyn Campbell, Wynny Campbell, Quentin Campbell Hewson, Julie Camsooksai, Ana Canabarro, Lisa Canclini, Shaula Mae Candido, Janie Candlish, Cielito Caneja, Johnathon Cann, Ruby Cannan, Emma Cannon, Michael Cannon, Petra Cannon, Vivienne Cannons, Jane Cantliff, Ben Caplin, Santino Capocci, Noemi Caponi, Angelika Capp, Anne Capps-Jenner, Thomas Capstick, Ishmael Carboo, Nuria Cardenas, Mary Cardwell, Rachel Carey, Simon Carley, Tammy Carlin, Andrew Carlton, Samantha Carmichael, Mandy Carnahan, Rebecca Carnegie, Charlotte Caroline, Emily Carpenter, Jodi Carpenter, David Carr, Sharon Carr, Anna Carrasco, Samantha Carrington, Zoe Carrington, Paul Carroll, Caroline Carron, Anne Carstairs, Jonathan Carter, Michael Carter, Moira Carter, Paul Carter, Penny Carter, Steven Carter, Simon Carter-Graham, Douglas Cartwright, Jo-Anne Cartwright, Claire Carty, Sinead Carty, Jaime Carungcong, Carolyn Carveth-Marshall, Susan Casey, Annie Cassells, Barbara Cassimon, Teresa Castiello, Gail Castle, Bridget Castles, Melanie Caswell, Ana Maria Catana, Heidi Cate, Susanne Cathcart, Katrina Cathie, Christine Catley, Laura Catlow, Matthew Caudwell, Jill Caulfield, Anna Cavazza, Luke Cave, Simon Cavinato, Frianne Cawa, Kathryn Cawley, Chloe Caws, Hankins Cendl, Hannah Century, Jeva Cernova, Mansur Cesay, Ed Cetti, Stephanie Chabane, Manish Chablani, Cathleen Chabo, David Chadwick, Julie Chadwick, Robert Chadwick, Ela Chakkarapani, Arup Chakraborty, Mallinath Chakraborty, Mollika Chakravorty, James Chalmers, Richard Chalmers, Georgina Chamberlain, Sarah Chamberlain, Emma Chambers, Jonathan Chambers, Lucy Chambers, Naomi Chambers, Alex Chan, Carmen Chan, Cheuk Chan, Evelyn Chan, Kayen Chan, Kimberley Chan, Ping Chan, Rebekah (Pui-Ching) Chan, Xin Hui Chan, Chris Chandler, Heidi Chandler, Kim J Chandler, Stuart Chandler, Zoe Chandler, Vikki Chandler-Vizard, Sumit Chandra, Navin Chandran, Badrinathan Chandrasekaran, Cherry Chang, Yvonne Chang, Josephine Chaplin, Graeme Chapman, John Chapman, Katie Chapman, Laura Chapman, Lianne Chapman, Polly Chapman, Timothy Chapman, Lucy Chappell, Linda Chapple, Amanda Charalambou, Bethan Charles, Dianne Charlton, Sally Charlton, Kevin Chatar, Calvin Chatha, Ritesh Chaube, Muhammad YN Chaudhary, Iram Chaudhry, Nazia Chaudhuri, Muhammad Chaudhury, Anoop Chauhan, Ruchi S Chauhan, Vipul Chauhan, Nicola Chavasse, Iknam Chaven, Rosanna Chavez, Vipal Chawla, Maria Cheadle, Lindsay Cheater, James Cheaveau, Charlotte Cheeld, Michelle Cheeseman, Fang Chen, Hui Min Chen, Terence Chen, Lok Yin Cheng, Zhihang Cheng, Helen Chenoweth, Chun How Cheong, Shiney Cherian, Suzanne Cherif, Mary Cherrie, Helen Cheshire, Barry Chesterson, Betty Cheung, Chee Kay Cheung, Elaine Cheung, Michelle Cheung, Claire Cheyne, Swati Chhabra, Wei Ling Chia, Eric Chiang, Angela Chiapparino, Rosavic Chicano, Zviedzo A Chikwanha, Sam Chilcott, Phillipa Chimbo, KokWai Chin, Wen Jie Chin, Rumbidzai Chineka, Amol Chingale, Karen Chinn, Vashira Chiroma, Heather Chisem, Claire Chisenga, Ben Chisnall, Carolyn Chiswick, Sunder Chita, Nihil Chitalia, Matthew Chiu, Brenda Chivima, Catherine Chmiel, Soha Choi, Willy Choon Kon Yune, Vandana Choudhary, Sarah Choudhury, Bing-Lun Chow, Fateha Chowdhury, Mahibbur Chowdhury, Shahid Chowdhury, Victoria Christenssen, Peter Christian, Alexander Christides, Fiona Christie, Daniel Christmas, Thereza Christopherson, Mark Christy, Paris Chrysostomou, Yunli Chua, Shabs Chucha, Dip Chudgar, Richard Chudleigh, Srikanth Chukkambotla, Michael E Chukwu, Izu Chukwulobelu, Chi Y Chung, Ben Church, Elaine Church, Sara R Church, David Churchill, Nicole Cianci, Nick Ciccone, Paola Cicconi, Paola Cinardo, Zdenka Cipinova, Bessie Cipriano, Sarah Clamp, Melanie Clapham, Edel Clare, Sarbjit Clare, Andrew Clark, Charlotte Clark, Diane Clark, Felicity Clark, Gabrielle Clark, James Clark, Katherine Clark, Kaylea Clark, Louise Clark, Lucy Clark, Matthew Clark, Patricia Clark, Richard Clark, Thomas Clark, Wendy Clark, Zoe Clark, Andrea Clarke, Heather Clarke, Mark Clarke, Paul Clarke, Robert Clarke, Roseanne Clarke, Samantha Clarke, Sarah Clarke, Sheron Clarke, Tracy Clarke, Andrew Clarkson, Alleyna Claxton, Kate Clay, Elizabeth Clayton, Olivia Clayton, Jill Clayton-Smith, Chris Cleaver, Carlota Clemente de la Torre, Jayne Clements, Suzanne Clements, Francesca Clemons, Lee Clifford, Lynne Clifford, Rachael Clifford, Sarah Clifford, Amelia Clive, Jonathan Clouston, Samantha Clueit, Andrea Clyne, Michelle Coakley, Peter G L Coakley, Tony Coates, Kathryn Cobain, Alexandra Cochrane, Patricia Cochrane, Maeve Cockerell, Helen Cockerill, Shirley Cocks, Rachel Codling, Adam Coe, Samantha Coetzee, David Coey, Danielle Cohen, Jonathan Cohen, Oliver Cohen, Mike Cohn, Louise Coke, Olutoyin Coker, Nicholas Colbeck, Roghan Colbert, Carol Cole, Esther Cole, Jade Cole, Joby Cole, Julie Cole, Richard Cole, Sue Cole, Garry Coleman, Matt Coleman, Holly Coles, Rebecca Coles, Macleod Colin, Alicia Colino-Acevedo, Julie Colley, Dawn Collier, Heather Collier, Paul Collini, Emma Collins, Jaimie Collins, Joanne Collins, Nicola Collins, Sally Collins, Vicky Collins, Andrew Collinson, Bernadette Collinson, Jennifer Collinson, Matthew Collis, Madeleine Colmar, Hayley E Colton, James Colton, Katie Colville, Carolyn Colvin, Ryan Colwell, Edward Combes, David Comer, Alison Comerford, Mike Comery, Dónal Concannon, Robin Condliffe, Lynne Connell, Natalie Connell, Karen Connelly, Gavin Connolly, Mireille Connolly, Emma Connor, Samantha Conran, Antonia Conroy, Veronica Conteh, Rory Convery, Camilla Conway, Francesca Conway, Grainne Conway, Rhiannon Conway, Jo-Anna Conyngham, Colette Cook, Eloise Cook, Gemma Cook, Helen Cook, Julie Cook, Danielle Cooke, Graham Cooke, Katrina Cooke, Soo Cooke, Tim Cooke, Adele Cooper, Alison Cooper, Chris Cooper, David Cooper, Helen Cooper, Jamie Cooper, Joanne Cooper, Joshua Cooper, Laura Cooper, Lauren Cooper, Nick Cooper, Rowena Cooper, Emma Cooperwaite, Thomas Cope, Sinead Corbet, Carolyn Corbett, John Corcoran, Chris Cordell, Jessica Cordle, Alasdair Corfield, John Corless, Alison Corlett, Joe Cornwell, Michael Cornwell, Diana Corogeanu, Mirella Corredera, Ruth Corrigan, Catherine Corry, Rita Corser, Denise Cosgrove, Tracey Cosier, Patricia Costa, Charlie Coston, Susannah Cotgrove, Zoe Coton, Lisa-Jayne Cottam, Rhiannon Cotter, Donna Cotterill, Alice Cotton, Caroline Cotton, Katy Cotton, Andrew Coull, James Coulson, David Counsell, David Counter, Cherry Coupland, Ellie Courtney, Julia Courtney, Rebecca Cousins, Alexander Cowan, Elena Cowan, Ruth Cowburn, Richard Cowell, Louise Cowen, Steve Cowman, Amanda Cowton, Debra Anne Cox, Ellie Cox, Giles Cox, Karina Cox, Miriam Cox, Karen Coy, Beverly Craig, Victoria Craig, Felicity Craighead, Matthew Cramp, Beverley Crane, Jacolene Crause, Adrian Crawford, Angie Crawford, Emma Crawford, Isobel Crawford, Richard Crawforth, Sarah Crawshaw, Ben Creagh-Brown, Andrew Creamer, Ryan Creighton, Joanne Cremona, Saveria Cremona, Janet Cresswell, Mark Cribb, Charles Crichton, Declan Crilly, Lauren Crisp, Nikki Crisp, Dominic Crocombe, Maria Croft, Ian Cron, Derrick Crook, Jennifer Crooks, Helen Croot, Harriet Crosby, Sarah Cross, Tim Cross, Amy Crothers, Stephen Crotty, Susan Crouch, Madeleine Crow, Amanda Crowder, Kate Crowley, Teresa Crowley, Rebecca Croysdill, Callum Cruickshank, Conor Cruickshank, Irena Cruickshank, James Cruise, Helen Crumley, Carina Cruz, Trino Cruz Cervera, Dominic Cryans, Guanguo Cui, Helen Cui, Donna Cullen, Lorraine Cullen, Gillian Cummings-Fosong, Marie Cundall, Victoria Cunliffe, Lorraine Cunningham, Neil Cunningham, Nicola Cunningham, Jason Cupitt, Hollie Curgenven, Debra Curley, Gerens Curnow, David Curran, Simon Curran, Craig Currie, Jacqueline Currie, Scarlett Currie, Abi Curtis, Becca Curtis, Jonathan Curtis, Katrina Curtis, Olivia Curtis, Thomas Curtis, Rebecca Cuthbertson, Sean Cutler, Marta Czekaj, Patrycja Czylok, Joana da Rocha, Andrew Dagens, Helen Daggett, Phil Daggett, Jacqui Daglish, Sandeep Dahiya, Helen Dakers-Black, Anne Dale, Katie Dale, Michaela Dale, Sam Dale, Jolyon Dales, Helen Dalgleish, Nikki Dallas, Helen Dallow, Dermot Dalton, Zoe Daly, Akila Danga, Amelia Daniel, Priya Daniel, Allison Daniels, Adela Dann, Sandra Danso-Bamfo, Nimo Daoud, Alex Darbyshire, Janet Darbyshire, Paul Dargan, Paul Dark, Tace Darling, Kate Darlington, Tom Darton, Guledew Darylile, Manjusha Das, Sukamal Das, Martin Daschel, Joanne Dasgin, Dibyendu Datta, Anna Daunt, Emily Davenport, Mark Davey, Michelle Davey, Miriam Davey, Molly Davey, Arlene David, Mini David, Alexander Davidson, Laura Davidson, Neil Davidson, Richard Davidson, Albert Davies, Alison Davies, Amanda Davies, Amy Davies, Angela Davies, Carolyn Davies, Catrin Davies, Cheryl Davies, Drew Davies, Elaine Davies, Ffyon Davies, Helen Davies, James Davies, Jane Davies, Jeni Davies, Jim Davies, Karen Davies, Kelly Davies, Kim Davies, Louisa Davies, Mark Davies, Matthew Davies, Michelle Davies, Nina Davies, Owen Davies, Patrick Davies, Rachel Davies, Rhys Davies, Ruth Davies, Sarah Davies, Simon Davies, Alison Davis, Gwyneth Davis, Illinos Davis, Julie-Ann Davis, Katherine Davis, Peter Davis, Alexander Davison, Sophia Davison, Mark Davy, Christine Dawe, H Dawe, Mark Dawkins, Danielle Dawson, Elizabeth Dawson, Joy Dawson, Susan Dawson, Tom Dawson, Andrew Daxter, Andrew Day, Helena Day, Jacob Day, Jeremy Day, Lynn Day, Jamie D'Costa, Parijat De, Duneesha de Fonseka, Toni de Freitas, Frederico De Santana Miranda, Eleanor de Sausmarez, Shanika de Silva, Thushan de Silva, Jessica De Sousa, Paulo De Sousa, James de Souza, Anthony de Soyza, Natasha de Vere, Johannes de Vos, Bethan Deacon, Sharon Dealing, Anna Dean, Julie Dean, Katrina Dean, Stephen Dean, Tessa Dean, Jill Deane, James Dear, Effie Dearden, Alison Deary, Catherine Deas, Samuel Debbie, Gabor Debreceni, Vashist Deelchand, Matthew Deeley, Joanne Deery, Emmanuel Defever, Raji Dehulia, Max Deighton, Manuela Del Forno, Arnold Dela Rosa, Lisa Delaney, Amanda Dell, Carrie Demetriou, David DeMets, Jane Democratis, Jacqueline Denham, Emmanuelle Denis, Laura Denley, Craig Denmade, Kathy Dent, Martin Dent, Elise Denton, Tom Denwood, Nishigandh Deole, Darshita Depala, Maria Depante, Randle Derbyshire, Susan Dermody, Amisha Desai, Asmita Desai, Purav Desai, Sanjeev Deshpande, Vai Deshpande, Brendan Devine, Sirjana Devkota, Nicola Dewland, Prakash Dey, Vishal Dey, Rogin Deylami, Jazz Dhaliwal, Kevin Dhaliwal, Jas Dhalliwal, Mandeep Dhanda, Sundip Dhani, Amandeep Dhanoa, Mili Dhar, Devesh Dhasmana, Aman Dhesi, Ekanjali Dhillon, Reiss Dhillon, Pamela Diamond, Priya Dias, Stephanie Diaz, Kayleigh Diaz-Pratt, Debbie Dickerson, Pamela Dicks, Stuart Dickson, Julie Dijo, Sean Dillane, Sarah Diment, Paul Dimitri, Maria Dineen, ThaiHa Dinh, Tri Dinh, Alex Dipper, Laura Dirmantaite, Lisa Ditchfield, Sarah Diver, Lavanya Diwakar, Caroline Dixon, Giles Dixon, Stephen Dixon-Mould, Brice Djeugam, Petr Dlouhy, Laurence Dobbie, Marinela Dobranszky Oroian, Charlotte Dobson, Lee Dobson, Marie Docherty, David Dockrell, James Dodd, Jackie Dodds, Rebecca Dodds, Steve Dodds, Richi Dogra, Erin Doherty, Warren Doherty, Yumiko Doi, Iain Doig, Eleanor Doke, Daniel Dolan, Mark Dolman, Rozzie Dolman, Lisa Donald, Callum Donaldson, Christopher Donaldson, Denise Donaldson, Gillian Donaldson, Kate Donaldson, Joanne Donnachie, Christopher Donnelly, Eilish Donnelly, Ronan Donnelly, Aravindhan Donohoe, Gemma Donohoe, Bryan Donohue, Sinead Donton, Emma Dooks, Grainne Doran, Kane Dorey, Sharon Dorgan, Amanda Dornan, Moonira Dosani, Davinder Dosanjh, Paula Dospinescu, Katie Douglas, Jonathan Douse, Lucy Dowden, Michelle Dower, Kerry Dowling, Sud Dowling, Nicola Downer, Charlotte Downes, Rob Downes, Thomas Downes, Damian Downey, Philippa Downey, Robert Downey, Louise Downs, Simon Dowson, Cornel Dragan, Cristina Dragomir, Cristina Dragos, Maire Drain, Chelsea Drake, Victoria Drew, Olivia Drewett, Celine Driscoll, Helena Drogan, Nikki Drogman, Graham Drummond, Ronald Druyeh, Simon Drysdale, An Du Thinh, Hazel Dube, Judith Dube, Ophias Dube, Stephen Duberley, Hayley Duckles-Leech, Nicola Duff, Emma Duffield, Sam Duff-Miller, Helen Duffy, Lionel Dufour, Annette Duggan, Helen Duggan, Parveen Dugh, Janice Duignan, Mick Duley, Simon Dummer, Andrew Duncan, Christopher Duncan, Fullerton Duncan, Gregory Duncan, Stephanie Dundas, Alessia Dunn, Charlotte Dunn, Damian Dunn, Laura Dunn, Paul Dunn, Charlene Dunne, Karen Dunne, Fiona Dunning, Aidan Dunphy, Venkat Duraiswamy, Beatriz Duran, Ingrid DuRand, Steve Durgacharan, Natalie Duric, Alison Durie, Emily Durie, Hannah Durrington, Haris Duvnjak, Akshay Dwarakanath, Laasya Dwarakanath, Ellen Dwyer, Claudia Dyball, Lee Dyble, Kristyn Dyer, Harvey Dymond, Tom Dymond, Chris Eades, Laura 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Elliott, Toby Elliott, Annie Ellis, Ann-Marie Ellis, Christine Ellis, Kay Ellis, Kaytie Ellis, Tak-Yan Ellis, Yvette Ellis, Megan Ellison, Rahma Elmahdi, Einas Elmahi, Hannah-May Elmasry, Mohammed Elmi, Najla Elndari, Omer Elneima, Mohamed Elokl, Ahmed Elradi, Mohamed Elsaadany, Sally El-Sayeh, Hana El-Sbahi, Tarek Elsefi, Karim El-Shakankery, Robert Elshaw, Hosni El-Taweel, Sarah Elyoussfi, Jonathan Emberey, Jonathan R Emberson, John Emberton, Julian Emmanuel, Ingrid Emmerson, Michael Emms, Florence Emond, Marieke Emonts, Nicu Enachi, Angila Engden, Katy English, Emma Entwistle, Hene Enyi, Marios Erotocritou, Helen Escreet, Peter Eskander, Hanif Esmail, Lise Estcourt, Amy Evans, Brynach Evans, Chris Evans, Daren Evans, Debra Evans, Gail Evans, Gareth Evans, Jennifer Evans, Lisa Evans, Lynn Evans, Margaret Evans, Michelle Evans, Mim Evans, Morgan Evans, Ranoromanana Evans, Ryan Evans, Teriann Evans, Terry John Evans, Tony Eve, Caroline Everden, Serenydd Everden, Hayley Evison, Lynsey Evison, Penny Eyton-Jones, Jacqueline Faccenda, Leila Fahel, Youstina Fahmay, Sara Fairbairn, Terry Fairbairn, Andy Fairclough, Louise Fairlie, Mark Fairweather, Anne Fajardo, Naomi Falcone, Euan Falconer, Jonathan Falconer, John Fallon, Andrea Fallow, David Faluyi, Victoria Fancois, Qayyum Farah, Novin Fard, Amr Farg, Margaret Farinto, Adam Farmer, Katie Farmer, Toni Farmery, Samantha Farnworth, Faiyaz Farook, Hadia Farooq, Sidrah Farooq, Fiona Farquhar, Karen Farrar, Aaron Farrell, Barbara Farrell, James Farthing, Syeda Farzana, Rahmatu Fasina, Azam Fatemi, Mina Fatemi, Nibah Fatimah, Maria Faulkner, Saul N Faust, Joe Fawke, Sinmidele Fawohunre, Abul Fazal, Kelly Feane, Simon Fearby, Alex Feben, Federico Fedel, Daria Fedorova, James Feely-Henderson, Christopher Fegan, Mae Felongco, Lynsey Felton, Tim Felton, Kate Fenlon, Andrea Fenn, Isabelle Fenner, Ciara Fenton, Melisa Fenton, Cameron Ferguson, Jenny Ferguson, Kathryn Ferguson, Katie Ferguson, Stephanie Ferguson, Susan Ferguson, Susie Ferguson, Victoria Ferguson, Denzil Fernandes, Candida Fernandez, Eduardo Fernandez, Maria Fernandez, Sonia Fernandez Lopez, Callum Jeevan Fernando, Ahmed Feroz, Pietro Ferranti, Thais Ferrari Gersogamo, Eleanor Ferrelly, Alexandra Ferrera, Emma Ferriman, Nicholas Fethers, Ben Field, Janet Field, Rebecca Field, Karen Fielder, Lindsey Fieldhouse, Andra Fielding, Julie Fielding, Len Fielding, Sarah Fielding, Asma Fikree, Sarah Ann Filson, Sarah Finbow, Debbie Finch, Joanne Finch, Laurie Finch, Joanne Finden, Natalie Fineman, Lauren Finlayson, Adam Finn, Joanne Finn, Clare Finney, Sofia Fiouni, Jo Fiquet, Dani Fisher, Emily Fisher, James Fisher, Neil Fisher, Meadow Fisher Crisp, Daniel Fishman, Krystofer Fishwick, Lorraine Fitzgerald, Chloe Fitzpatrick-Creamer, Jan Flaherty, Michael Flanagan, Charles Flanders, Cathy Flatters, Julie Fleming, Lucy Fleming, Paul Fleming, William Flesher, Alison Fletcher, Jonathan Fletcher, Lucy Fletcher, Simon Fletcher, Sophie Fletcher, Karen Flewitt, Christopher Flood, Ian Floodgate, Vincent Florence, Sharon Floyd, Kelly Flynn, Rachel Flynn, Sara Flynn, Claire Foden, Adama Fofana, Georgina Fogarty, Claire Foley, Paul Foley, Linda Folkes, Daniela Mock Font, Evodian Fonyonga, Aiwyne Foo, Jane Foo, Andrew Foot, Jayne Foot, Jane Forbes, Jamie Ford, Kathy Ford, Jennifer Foreman, Caroline Fornolles, Adam Forrest, Ellie Forsey, Miranda Forsey, Thomas Forshall, Elliot Forster, Julian Forton, Emily Foster, Joseph Foster, Rachel A Foster, Tracy Foster, Theodora Foukanelli, Angela Foulds, Ian Foulds, Folakemi Fowe, Emily Fowler, Robert Fowler, Stephen Fowler, Caroline Fox, Claire Fox, Daniel Fox, Heather Fox, Jonathan Fox, Lauren Fox, Natalie Fox, Olivia Fox, Simon Fox, Sarah-Jane Foxton, Yasin Fozdar, Rebecca Frake, Alex Francioni, Olesya Francis, Rebecca Francis, Sarah Francis, Theodora Francis-Bacon, Jason Frankcam, Helen Frankland, Gayle Franklin, Jessica Franklin, Darron Franks, Catherine Fraser, Laura Fraser, Sharon Frayling, Martyn Fredlund, Matthew Free, Carol Freeman, Elaine Freeman, Hannah Freeman, Nicola Freeman, Clare Freer, Ian Freestone, Eleanor French, Matthew Frise, Renate Fromson, Claire Froneman, Adam Frosh, John Frost, Victoria Frost, Oliver Froud, Rachel Frowd, Arun Fryatt, Jake Fryer, Janet Fu, Bridget Fuller, Liz Fuller, Neil Fuller, Tracy Fuller, Duncan Fullerton, Jenny Fullthorpe, Carrie Fung, Gayle Fung, Sarah Funnell, John Furness, Charlene Furtado, Andrew Fyfe, Nytianandan G, Elizabeth Gabbitas, Claire Gabriel, Diana Gabriel, Hadiza Gachi, Rose Gad, Joshua Gahir, Sarveen Gajebasia, Katarzyna Gajewska-Knapik, Zacharoula Galani, Christopher Gale, Hugo Gale, Rebecca Gale, Swetha Gali, Karen Galilee, Bernadette Gallagher, Jude Gallagher, Rosie Gallagher, William Gallagher, Joanne Galliford, Catherine Galloway, Chris Galloway, Emma Galloway, Jacqui Galloway, James Galloway, Laura Gamble, Liz Gamble, Brian Gammon, Jaikumar Ganapathi, Ramesh Ganapathy, Kaminiben Gandhi, Sarah Gandhi, Usha Ganesh, Abrar Gani, Emma-James Garden, Antoni D Gardener, Emma Gardiner, Jill Gardiner, Michael Gardiner, Phil Gardiner, Siobhan Gardiner, Caroline Gardiner-Hill, Jonathan Gardner, Mark Garfield, Atul Garg, Nathan Garlick, Justin Garner, Lucie Garner, Zoe Garner, Kimberley Garnett, Robert Garney, Rosaline Garr, Michael Garstka, Peter Gartan, Florence Garty, Rachel Gascoyne, Hyeriju Gashau, Noha Gasmalseed, Michaela Gaspar, Aoife Gatenby, Erin Gaughan, Alok Gaurav, Mariana Gavrila, Jane Gaylard, Emma Gaywood, Catherine Geddie, Alison Geddis, Ian Gedge, Sarah Gee, Minerva Gellamucho, Karzan Gelly, Leila Gelmon, Sandra Gelves-Zapata, Gemma Genato, Susan Gent, Natalie Geoghegan, Chloe George, Sam George, Tina George, Simon Georges, Domonique Georgiou, Peter Gerard, Leigh Gerdes, Louise Germain, Helen Gerrish, Abel Getachew, Louise Gethin, Hisham Ghanayem, Amardeep Ghattaoraya, Anca Gherman, Alison Ghosh, Justin Ghosh, Sudhamay Ghosh, Sarra Giannopoulou, Malick Gibani, Andrew Gibb, Ben Gibbison, Kerry Gibbons, Alex Gibson, Bethan Gibson, Kimberley Gibson, Kirsty Gibson, Sian Gibson, Cat Gilbert, Jeanette Gilbert, Joanne Gilbert, Kayleigh Gilbert, Sean Gilchrist, Benjamin Giles, Mandy Gill, Rose Gill, Lynne Gill, Paul Gillen, Annelies Gillesen, Katherine Gillespie, Matt Gillespie, Elizabeth Gillham, Andrew Gillian, Deborah Gilliland, Robert Gillott, Danielle Gilmour, Kate Gilmour, Theodora Giokanini-Royal, Anna Gipson, Joanna Girling, Rhian Gisby, Angelena Gkioni, Aikaterini Gkoritsa, Effrossyni Gkrania-Klotsas, Amy Gladwell, James Glanville, Jessica Glasgow, Susannah Glasgow, Jon Glass, Lynn Glass, Sharon Glaysher, Lisa Gledhill, Ana Glennon, John Glover, Kyle Glover, Jan Glover Bengtsson, Chevanthy Gnanalingam, Julie Goddard, Wendy Goddard, Emily Godden, Jo Godden, Gillian Godding, Emma Godson, Gerry Gogarty, Sukanya Gogoi, Aiky Goh, Rebeca Goiriz, Sriya Gokaraju, Philip Gold, Raphael Goldacre, Arthur Goldsmith, Portia Goldsmith, Darren Gomersall, Lucia Gomez, Raquel Gomez-Marcos, Ali Gondal, Celia Gonzalez, Jack Goodall, Bob Goodenough, Laura Goodfellow, James Goodlife, Camelia Goodwin, Elizabeth Goodwin, Jayne Goodwin, Paula Goodyear, Rajiv Gooentilleke, Sharif Goolam-Hossen, Michelle Goonasekara, Sheila Gooseman, Shameer Gopal, Peter Gordon, Sally Gordon, Hugh Gorick, Caitlin Gorman, Claire Gorman, Stuart Gormely, Diana Gorog, Jan Gorry, Michelle Gorst, Thomas Gorsuch, Jayshreebahen Gosai, Rebecca Gosling, Sally Gosling, Georgina Gosney, Vanessa Goss, Dzintars Gotham, Naomi Gott, Elizabeth Goudie, Amanda Gould, Angela Gould, Susan Gould, Lysander Gourbault, Anna Gouveia, Abha Govind, Sharon Gowans, Girish Gowda, Rohit Gowda, Pauline Gowdy, Hannah Gower, Thomas Gower, Pankaj Goyal, Sunil Goyal, Sushant Goyal, Beverley Graham, Clive Graham, Jane Graham, Jonathan Graham, Justin Graham, Libby Graham, Sharon Graham, Matthew Graham-Brown, Julia Grahamslaw, Gianluca Grana, Tracyanne Grandison, Louis Grandjean, Alison Grant, Ann Grant, David Grant, Matthew Grant, Pauleen Grant, Rhys Gravell, Jenny Graves, Alasdair Gray, Catherine Gray, Georgina Gray, Harriet Gray, Ingrid Gray, Jackie Gray, Karen Gray, Nicola Gray, Sebastian Gray, Alan Grayson, Patricia Grealish, Fiona Greaves, Jack Greaves, Paul Greaves, Charlotte Green, Christopher Green, David Green, Frederick Green, Grace Green, Joel Green, Marie Green, Nicola Green, Stacey Green, Teresa Green, Diarra Greene, Philippa Greenfield, Alan Greenhalgh, Maraneka Greenslade, Daniel Greenwood, Sandra Greer, James Gregory, Jane Gregory, Katie Gregory, Tamsin Gregory, James Gregson, Jill Greig, Julia Greig, Rebecca Grenfell, Teena Grenier, Susan Grevatt, Glaxy Grey, Andrew Gribbin, Amy Gribble, Beverley Grice, Natasha Grieg, Douglas Grieve, Ben Griffin, Denise Griffin, Mel Griffin, Sian Griffith, Alexandra Griffiths, Andrew Griffiths, Daniel Griffiths, David Griffiths, Donna Griffiths, Isabel Griffiths, Mark Griffiths, Nicola Griffiths, Oliver Griffiths, Sarah Griffiths, Sharon Griffiths, Yvonne Griffiths, Sofia Grigoriadou, Steph Grigsby, Paul Grist, Stephen Grist, Evelina Grobovaite, Clarissa Grondin, Rachel Groome, Liliana Grosu, Jenny Grounds, Margaret Grout, Helen Grover, Jayne Groves, Neil Grubb, Julie Grundy, Francesca Guarino, Sharada Gudur, Sharazeq Guettari, Shivang Gulati, Vikas Gulia, Pumali Gunasekera, Malin Gunawardena, Kirun Gunganah, Jessica Gunn, Emma Gunter, Alok Gupta, Atul Gupta, Rajeev Gupta, Richa Gupta, Rishi Gupta, Tarun Gupta, Vineet Gupta, Ankur Gupta-Wright, Victoria Guratsky, Alvyda Gureviciute, Sambasivarao Gurram, Bhawana Gurung, Shraddha Gurung, Hazel Guth, Ruth Habibi, Berkin Hack, Pamela Hackney, Christian Hacon, Aiman Haddad, Denise Hadfield, Michalis Hadjiandreou, Nikolaos Hadjisavvas, Leah Hadzik, Anna Haestier, Nauman Hafiz, Rana Hafiz-Ur-Rehman, Javed Hafsa, Samantha Hagan, Jack W Hague, Rosemary Hague, Kate Haigh, Christina Haines, Scott Hainey, Morton Hair, Brigid Hairsine, Juraj Hajnik, Anne Haldeos, Writaja Halder, Jennie Hale, Carmel Halevy, Paul Halford, William Halford, Alistair Hall, Anthony Hall, Claire Hall, Elizabeth Hall, Emma Hall, Fiona Hall, Helen Hall, Jennifer Hall, Kathryn Hall, Bill Hall, Jan Hallas, Kyle Hallas, Charles Hallett, Becky-Lee Halls, Heather Halls, Maryam Hamdollah-Zadeh, Bilal Hameed, Imran Hamid, Mohamad Hamie, Bethany Hamilton, Fergus Hamilton, Leigh Hamilton, Nicola Hamilton, Ruth Hamlin, Eleanor Hamlyn, Beatrice Hammans, Shirley Hammersley, Kate Hammerton, Bev Hammond, Leah Hammond, Sara Hammond, Fiona Hammonds, Ibrahim Hamoodi, Karen Hampshire, Elizabeth Hampson, Jude Hampson, Lucy Hampson, Ozan Hanci, Ian Hancock, Sadiyah Hand, Jasmine Handford, Soran Handrean, Sarah Haney, Sheharyar Hanif, E Hanison, Alison Hanlon, Jennifer Hannah, Amy Hannington, Merhej Hannun, Aidan Hanrath, Anita Hanson, Jane Hanson, Kathryn Hanson, Steve Hanson, Helen Hanwell, Mazhar Ul Haq, Ala Haqiqi, Monjurul Haque, Lesley Harden, Zoe Harding, Simon Hardman, Joanna Hardy, Kumar Haresh, Rachel Harford, Beverley Hargadon, Carolyn Hargreaves, Emily Hargreaves, James Hargreaves, Alice Harin, Mohammed Haris, Edward Harlock, Sandra Harlow, Paula Harman, Tracy Harman, Mark Harmer, Muhammad A Haroon, Charlie Harper, Fiona Harper, Heather Harper, Melanie Harper, Peter Harper, Rosemary Harper, Sarah Harrhy, Sian Harrington, Yasmin Harrington-Davies, Jade Harris, Jess Harris, John Harris, Laura Harris, Marie-Clare Harris, Naomi Harris, Nichola Harris, Sophie Harris, Alex Harrison, David Harrison, Julie Harrison, Laura Harrison, Melanie Harrison, Rowan Harrison, Susie Harrison, Thomas Harrison, Wendy Harrison, Elizabeth Harrod, Ciaran Hart, Dominic Hart, Lisa Hartley, Rosemary Hartley, Ruth Hartley, Tom Hartley, William Hartrey, Phillipa Hartridge, Stuart Hartshorn, Heli Harvala, Alice Harvey, Angela Harvey, Max Harvey, Catherine Harwood, Helen Harwood, Brigitte Haselden, Kazi Hashem, Mohammed Hashimm, Tadaaki Hashimoto, Imranullah Hashmi, Sarah Haskins, Zena Haslam, Adil Hassan, Ali Hassan, Wagae UI Hassan, Waqar Ul Hassan, Sapna Hassasing, Jane Hassell, Philip Hassell, Alex Hastings, Bethany Hastings, Janice Hastings, Stephanie Hatch, Jonathan Hatton, Sheryl Haviland, May Havinden-Williams, Stefan Havlik, Daniel B Hawcutt, Kadean Hawes, Liz Hawes, Nicola Hawes, Annie Hawkins, Catherine Hawkins, Nancy Hawkins, Tanya Hawkins, Dan Hawley, Ed Hawley-Jones, Edward Haworth, Cathy Hay, Amna Hayat, Jamal Hayat, Mohamed-Riyal Hayathu, Tamsin Haydon, Anne Hayes, Jonas Hayes, Kate Hayes, Melony Hayes, Vanessa Hayes, Fiona Hayes, Patrick Hayle, Chloe Haylett, Antara Hayman, Melanie Hayman, Matthew Haynes, Richard Haynes, Rachel Hayre, Sarah Haysom, James Hayward, Patrick Haywood, Tracy Hazelton, Phoebe Hazenberg, Zhengmai He, Elizabeth Headon, Carrie Heal, Brendan Healy, Amy Hearn, Angela Heath, Rowan Heath, Diane Heaton, Kerry Hebbron, Gemma Hector, Andy Hedges, Katrine Hedges, Cheryl Heeley, Elaine Heeney, Rajdeep Heire, Ulla Hemmila, Cassie Hemmings, Scott Hemphill, Deborah Hemsley, Abigail Henderson, Jennifer Henderson, Steven Henderson, Lee Hennen, Kathryn Hennessy, Natalie Hennesy, Carol Ann Henry, Joanne Henry, Karol Henry, Lavinia Henry, Margo Henry, Natalie Henry, David Henshall, Mike Herbert, Gillian Herdman, Rosaleen Herdman-Grant, Morag Herkes, Emma Heron, Kay Heron, William Herrington, Emilia Heselden, Peta Heslop, Sharnie Beth Hesson, Simon Hester, Emily Hetherington, Joseph Hetherington, Chamila Hettiarachchi, Pramodh Hettiarachchi, Hayley Hewer, John Hewertson, Anna Hewetson, Sue Hewins, Jacqueline Hewitson, Claire Hewitt, Davina Hewitt, Richard Hewitt, Robert Heyderman, Nicolette Heydon, Mathis Heydtmann, Joseph Heys, Jonathan Heywood, Gareth Heywood-Beldon, Meg Hibbert, John Hickey, Naomi Hickey, Peter Hickey, Alex Hicks, Jenny Hicks, Rosie Hicks, Scott Rory Hicks, Daniel Higbee, Lucy Higgins, Andrew Higham, Martin Highcock, Judith Highgate, Mondy Hikmat, Alison Hill, Amanda Hill, Helen Hill, Joanne Hill, Lisa Hill, Martin Hill, Phoebe Hill, Uta Hill, Annette Hilldrith, Elizabeth Hillerby, Catherine Hillman-Cooper, Elisabeth Hilton, Zoe Hilton, Sarah Hinch, Marcus Hinde, Andrew Hindle, Alice Hindmarsh, Paul Hine, Kim Hinshaw, Clare Hird, Alison Hirst, Jemma Hives, Benson Ho, Michaela Hoare, David Hobden, Gill Hobden, Maria Hobrok, Simon Hobson, Renate Hodge, Simon Hodge, Lesley Hodgen, Holly Hodgkins, Louise Hodgkinson, Sally Hodgkinson, David Hodgson, Helen Hodgson, Luke Hodgson, Sheila Hodgson, Gemma Hodkinson, Kenneth Hodson, Matthew Hogben, Lucy Hogg, Lee Hoggett, Abigail Holborow, Catherine Holbrook, Catherine Holden, Melinda Holden, Thomas Holder, Niels Holdhof, Hannah Holdsworth, Lisa Holland, Maureen Holland, Nicky Holland, Marie Hollands, Elizabeth Holliday, Nina Holling, Gillian Hollis, Laszlo Hollos, Linda Holloway, Simon Holloway, Marcus Hollyer, Amy Holman, Ann Holmes, Benjamin Holmes, Megan Holmes, Raphael Holmes, Rebecca Holmes, Kelly Holroyd, Caroline Holt, Lyndsey Holt, Siobhan Holt, Susie Holt, Alexandra Holyome, Marie Home, Toni Home, Renate Homewood, Kate Hong, Laura Hontoria del Hoyo, Clare Hooper, Sarah Hoosdally, Samantha Hope, Susan Hope, Bridget Hopkins, Peter W Horby, Stephanie Horler, Anil Hormis, Daniel Hornan, Nicola Hornby, Zoey Horne, Latoya Horsford, Megan Horsford, Mark Horsford, Valana Horsham, Alexander Horsley, Ashley Horsley, Elizabeth Horsley, Sarah Horton, Nicola Horton-Turner, Jane Hosea, Toby Hoskins, Muhammad S Hossain, Rashed Hossain, Leanne Hostler, Maxine Hough, Sarah Hough, Brittany Houghton, Catherine Houghton, Iain Houghton, Kathryn Houghton, Rebecca Houlihan, Angela Houston, Hamish Houston, Tawedzegwa Hove, Roseanna Hovvels, Lee How, Laura Howaniec, Laura Howard, Linda Howard, Lucy Howard, Sarah Howard, Stuart Howard, Richard Howard-Griffin, Alison Howarth, Diane Howarth, Serena Howe, Mark Howells, Lyn Howie, Kerry Howlett, Sophie Howlett, Joanne Hoyle, Josh Hrycaiczuk, Naing Zaya Htoon, Su Htwe, Ying Hu, Chiang Ooi Huah Huah, Abby Huckle, Shahzya Huda, Alison Hudak, Lisa Hudig, Alex Hudson, Cara Hudson, Heather Hudson, Peter Hudson, Oli Hudson, Alison Hufton, Connor Huggins, Alistair Hughes, Eithne Hughes, Emma Hughes, Gareth Hughes, Heather Hughes, Luke Hughes, Rachel Hughes, Rebecca Hughes, Samantha Hughes, Stephen Hughes, Vikki Hughes, Wesley Hughes, Lukas Huhn, Ching Hui, Ruth Hulbert, Diana Hull, Grace Hull, Robert Hull, Amanda Hulme, Peter Hulme, Wendy Hulse, George Hulston, Ryan Hum, Laura Humber, Megan Hume, Charlotte Humphrey, Ismay Humphreys, Alasdair Humphries, Joanne Humphries, Lena Hunold, Fiona Hunt, Kristen Hunt, Luke Hunt, Sophie Hunt, Al Hunter, Alexandra Hunter, Isobel Hunter, Karl Hunter, Neil Hunter, George Huntington, Elizabeth Hurditch, Cian Hurley, Katrina Hurley, Mohammed A Husain, Syeda Yusra Husaini, Coralie Huson, Afreen Hussain, Ibraar Hussain, Ifza Hussain, Mohammad Hussain, Muhammad Hussain, Reda Hussain, Sajid Hussain, Samia Hussain, Sanniah Hussain, Wasim Hussain, Yasmin Hussain, Mohammed Hussam El-Din, Raheem Hussein, Rebecca Hussey, Camille Hutchinson, Dorothy Hutchinson, Elizabeth Hutchinson, John Hutchinson, Claire Hutsby, Paula Hutton, Daniella Hydes, Jamie Hyde-Wyatt, Niamh Hynes, Megan Hyslop, Mazen Ibraheim, Abdalla Ibrahim, Ahmed Ibrahim, Asil Ibrahim, Mohamed Ibrahim, Monzeer Ibrahim, Wadah Ibrahim, Adetokunbo I Idowu, Muhammad Idrees, Hina Iftikhar, Mawara Iftikhar, Chukwuemeka Igwe, Mohammad Ijaz, Amaju Ikomi, Clare Iles, Stamatina Iliodromiti, Mary Ilsley, Lorna Ilves, La'ali Imam-Gutierrez, Christopher Imray, Alison Imtiaz, Haider Imtiaz, Claire Ingall, Jack Ingham, Julie Ingham, Rory Ingham, Tejas Ingle, Jennifer Inglis, Anne Ingram, Luke Ingram, Peter Inns, Ken Inweregbu, Andreea A Ionescu, Ana Ionita, Ilian P Iordanov, Anil Ipe, Adil Iqbal, Madiha Iqbal, Mohammed Iqbal, Faisal Iqbal Sait, Jane Ireland, Robert Irons, Mohannad Irshad, Muhammad S Irshad, Janice Irvine, Val Irvine, Pamela Irving, Robert Irving, Mina Ishak, Erica Isherwood, Aminul Islam, Abdurrahman Islim, Ali Ismail, Omar Ismail, Caroline Ison, M'hamedi Israa, Sharon Isralls, Ali Issa, Monica Ivan, Catrina Ivel, Chineze Ivenso, Ashleigh Ivy, Sophie Iwanikiw, Karen Ixer, Menaka Iyer, Mia Iyer, Calum Jack, Amanda Jackson, Anthony Jackson, Ben Jackson, Beth Jackson, Douglas Jackson, Ella Jackson, Hayley Jackson, Helen Jackson, Jane Jackson, Julie Jackson, Karin Jackson, Lauren Jackson, Melanie Jackson, Nicola Jackson, Shane Jackson, Sharon Jackson, Nikita Jacob, Patricia Jacob, Reni Jacob, Nicola Jacques, Terri-Lisa Jacques-Brown, Anisa Jafar, Daniel Jafferji, Ali Jaffery, Chandrashekar Jagadish, Vijay Jagannathan, Sam Jaggard, Mandeep Jagpal, Fernandez R Jaime, Neemisha Jain, Seema Jain, Susan Jain, Sanjay Jaiswal, Danyal Jajbhay, Thomas Jaki, Bintou Jallow, Yusuf Jaly, Sabine Jamal, Zeba Jamal, Yasmin Jameel, Albie James, Christie James, Kate James, Lee James, Linda James, Mark James, Nicholas James, Olivia James, Rebecca James, Ruth James, Tracy James, Jack Jameson, Aaron Jamison, Phoebe Jane, Azara Janmohamed, Sabrina Jansz, Deepa Japp, Lorraine Jappy, Victor Jardim, Catherine Jardine, Emma Jarnell, Ellie Jarvie, Ann Jarvis, Claire Jarvis, Lisa Jarvis, Rosina Jarvis, Patrycja Jastrzebska, Hafsa Javed, Mays Jawad, Lona Jawaheer, Kauky Jawaid, Anu Jayachandran, Dinakaran Jayachandran, Angelina Jayakumar, Deepak Jayaram, Ravi Jayaram, Geeshath Jayasekera, Thilina Jayatilleke, Abi Jayebalan, Saman Jeddi, Vandana Jeebun, Mohammad S Jeelani, Zeynab Jeewa, Emma Jefferson, Katie Jeffery, Helen Jeffrey, Jenni Jeffrey, Rachel Jeffrey, Sue Jeffrey, Nathan Jeffreys, Benjamin Jeffs, Debbie Jegede, Taylor Jemima, Ifan Jenkin, Alison Jenkins, Christopher Jenkins, David Jenkins, Elinor Jenkins, Sarah Jenkins, Sian Jenkins, Stephen Jenkins, Jacqui Jennings, Louise Jennings, Rebecca Jennings, Virginia Jennings, Ellen Jerome, Douglas Jerry, Ellen Jessup-Dunton, Jorge Antonio Jesus Silva, Champa Jetha, Kishan Jethwa, Jeby Jeyachandran, Visuvanathan Jeyakumar, Dharshana Jeyapalan, Shaman Jhanji, Khoo Jian, Zhixin Jiao, Laura Jimenez, Ana Jimenez Gil, Jithin Jith, Teishel Joefield, Navraj Johal, Karine Johannessen, Aisyah Johari, Annie John, Anu John, Navin John, Sarah John, Emma Johns, Margaret Johns, Anne-Marie Johnson, Antoinette Johnson, David Johnson, Emma Johnson, Gillian Johnson, Kathryn Johnson, Katie Johnson, Luke Johnson, Mark Johnson, Nelsonseelan Johnson, Oliver Johnson, Rachel Johnson, Tracy Johnson, Zoe Johnson, Claire Johnston, Janet Johnston, Laura Johnston, Susan Johnston, Victoria Johnston, Dawn Johnstone, Ed Johnstone, Janet Johnstone, Manohar Joishy, Adam Jones, Alistair Jones, Annabel Jones, Ben Jones, Bryony Jones, Carys Jones, Ceri Jones, Charlotte Jones, Christine E Jones, Debra Jones, Emily Jones, Gareth Jones, Geraldine Jones, Hazel Jones, Jac Jones, James Jones, Jamie Jones, Jessica Jones, Jonathon Jones, Julie Jones, Karen Jones, Kate E Jones, Kevin Jones, Laura Jones, Laura M Jones, Lorna Jones, Louise Jones, Mathew Jones, Nicola Jones, Paul Jones, Rhianna Jones, Ruth E Jones, Samantha Jones, Sophie Jones, Stefanie Jones, Steve Jones, Taya Jones, Tim Jones, Tracey Jones, Ramya Jonnalagadda, Rebecca Jordache, Annette Jose, Sanal Jose, Anna Joseph, Joseph Joseph, Rosane Joseph, Sibet Joseph, Dhaara Joshi, Mehul Joshi, Pratichi Joshi, Revati Joshi, Benz Josiah, Tiffany Joyce, Adriel Ju Wen Kwek, Edward Jude, Parminder Judge, Jessica Juhl, Sirisha Jujjavarapu, Mark Juniper, Edmund Juszczak, Deepthi Jyothish, Kasamu Kabiru Dawa, Mark Kacar, Katarina Kacinova, Nikhil Kadam, Rebecca Kahari, Gail Kakoullis, Azad Kala Bhushan, Richard JK Kalayi, Roobala Kaliannan Periyasami, Efthymia Kallistrou, Seika Kalsoom, Elisa Kam, John Kamara, Mohamed Kamara, Ajay Kamath, Prakash Kamath, Ravindra Kamath, Siddharth Arun Kamerkar, Nick Kametas, Musaiwale Kamfose, Arul Kandaswamy, Leia Kane, Osei Kankam, Thogulava Kannan, Abhinav Kant, Vikas Kapil, Ritoo Kapoor, Sonal Kapoor, Sourjya Kar, Janaka Kara, Vasita Kara, Marina Karakantza, Rona Kark, Nicholas Karunaratne, Natashja Kasianczuk, Vidya Kasipandian, Rizwan Kassam, Janarth Kathirgamachelvam, Victoria Katsande, Kulbinder Kaul, Daljit Kaur, Dervinder Kaur, Jasmin Kaur, Jaspreet Kaur, Satvinder Kaur, Zunaira Kausar, Mohammad AA Kawser, Andrea Kay, Sarah Kay, Jossy N Kayappurathu, Callum Kaye, Ahemd Kazeem, Naved Kazi, Sharon Kaznica, Samantha Kearley, Rachel Kearns, Nichola Kearsley, Joanne Keating, John Keating, Liza Keating, Elizabeth Keddie-Gray, Katie Keen, Natalie Keenan, Jonathan Kefas, Stephen Kegg, Laura Keith, Uzoamaka Keke, Tosin Kelani, Joanne Kellett, Jeremy Kellington, Alison Kelly, Conor Kelly, David Kelly, Diane Kelly, Dominic Kelly, Emma Kelly, Laura Kelly, Martin Kelly, Michael Kelly, Rosalind Kelly, Sinead Kelly, Stephen Kelly, Thomas Kelly, Mary Kelly-Baxter, Marketa Keltos, Timothy Kemp, Kelly Kemsley, Alexandra Kendall-Smith, Sarah Kennard, Ann Kennedy, Caroline Kennedy, James Kennedy, Sophie Kennedy-Hay, Julia 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Korcierz, James Korolewicz, George Koshy, Chris Kosmidis, Jalpa Kotecha, Easwari Kothandaraman, Leonidas Koukouflis, Koushan Kouranloo, Rukhsana Kousar'c, Margarita Kousteni, Maja Kovac, Alex Kozak Eskenazia, Kestutis Krasauskas, Raghu Krishnamurthy, Vinodh Krishnamurthy, Manju Krishnan, Hari Krishnan, Suzanne Krizak, Sean Krupej, Agnieszka Kubisz-Pudelko, Soren Kudsk-Iversen, Aurimas Kudzinskas, Chirag Kukadiya, Nainesha Kulkarni, Aditi Kumar, Mayur Kumar, Ramesh Kumar, Ravi Kumar, Rita Kumar, Rupa Kumar, Satish Kumar, Vimal Kumar, Arun Kundu, Heinke Kunst, Amit Kurani, Mohammed Kurdy, Rincy Kurian, Vimal Kurmars, Cameron Kuronen-Stewart, Ranganai S Kusangaya, Vlad Kushakovsky, Mandy Kuunal, Apexa Kuverji, Amma Kyei-Mensah, Thyra Kyere-Diabour, Moe Kyi, Nyan M Kyi, Laura Kyle, Karali-Tsilimpari Kyriaki, Julius Labao, Louise Lacey, Nikki Lack, Emma Ladlow, Heather Lafferty, Shondipon Laha, Sushil Lahane, Clement Lai, James Lai, Emma Laing, Robert Laing, Inez Laing-Faiers, Emily Laity, Michelle Lake, Nicki Lakeman, David Lalloo, Fiona Lalloo, Alison Lam, Fiona Lamb, Lucy Lamb, Thomas Lamb, Nick Lambe, Pauline Lambert, Claudia Lameirinhas, Mohammed KG Lami, Abigail Lamikanra, Holly Lamont, Michal Lamparski, Djillali Lamrani, Christine Lanaghan, Rebecca Lanaway, Ivone Lancona-Malcolm, Julia Lancut, Geraldine Landers, Martin J Landray, Matthew Lane, Nicholas Lane, Alidih Lang, Stephen Lang, Daniel Langer, Margaret Langley, Charles Langoya, Emily Langthorne, Taiya Large, Wojciech Lason, Anna Last, Scott Latham, John Latham-Mollart, Afzal Latheef, Darren Latimer, Nang Latt, Carly-Jane Lattimore, Dawn Lau, Eva Lau, Myra Laurenson, Hou Law, Jennifer Law, Jessica Law, Penny Law, Richard Law, Colin Lawler, Mark Lawley, Emma Lawrence, Jo Lawrence, Neil Lawrence, Ryan Lawrie, Jemima Lawson, Joanne Lawson, Louise Lawson, Rebecca Lawton, Michael Lay, Christine Laycock, Reina Layug, Maria Lazo, Vietland Le, Amelia Lea, William Lea, Ian Leadbitter, Thomas Leahy, Richard Lean, Lorna 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Rachel Saunders, Samantha Saunders, Anne Saunderson, Heather Savill, Karishma Savlani, Gauri Saxena, Matthew Saxton, Amrinder Sayan, Diane Scaletta, Marta Scally, Deborah Scanlon, Jeremy Scanlon, Lyndsay Scarratt, Sean Scattergood, Alvin Schadenberg, Wendy Schneblen, Rebecca Schofield, Samuel Schofield, David Scholes, Karen Scholes, Alex Schoolmeesters, Natasha Schumacher, Nicola Schunke, Martin Schuster Bruce, Karin Schwarz, Antonia Scobie, Tim Scorrer, A. 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Anand Shah, Bhavni Shah, Momin Shah, Neil Shah, Pallav Shah, Priyank Shah, Qasim Shah, Sarfaraz H Shah, Snehal Shah, Suraj Shah, Syed Shah, Wajid Shah, Saarma Shahad, Sousan Shahi, Sipan Shahnazari, Muhammad Shahzeb, Aisha Shaibu, Zara Shaida, Amina Y Shaikh, Maliha Shaikh, Rajit Shail, Mariya Shaji, Muhammad Shakeel, Korah Shalan, Nadia Shamim, Kazi Shams, Alison Shanahan, Thomas Shanahan, Shaminie Shanmugaranjan, Hamed Sharaf, Muhammad Sharafat, Asir Sharif, Ajay Sharma, Akhilesh Sharma, Ash Sharma, Bhawna Sharma, Mona Sharma, Ojasvi Sharma, Poonam Sharma, Rajeev Sharma, Sanjeev Sharma, Sarkhara Sharma, Shriv Sharma, Sonal Sharma, Alexander Sharp, Charles Sharp, Gemma Sharp, Paula Sharratt, Phoebe Sharratt, Katherine Sharrocks, Emma Sharrod, Christopher Shaw, Daisy Shaw, David Shaw, Deborah Shaw, Joanne Shaw, Jonathan Shaw, Lisa Shaw, Tomos G Shaw, Anna Shawcross, Jill Shawe, Lou Shayler, Khuram Shazad, Sophy Shedwell, Jonathan Sheffield, Zak Shehata, Arshiya Sheik, Asif Sheikh, Noorann Sheikh, Laura Sheldon, Benjamin Shelley, Sarah Shelton, Anil Shenoy, Julie Shenton, Amy Shepherd, Kate Shepherd, Lorna Shepherd, Scott Shepherd, Rhian Sheppeard, Helen Sheridan, Ray Sheridan, Samuel Sherridan, Leanne Sherris, Susanna Sherwin, Shaad Shibly, Roger Shiers, Chiaki Shioi, Anand Shirgaonkar, Kim Shirley, Adebusola Shonubi, Angela Short, Richard Shortland, Rob Shortman, Rohan Shotton, Sarah Shotton, Ervin Shpuza, Nora Shrestha, Karen Shuker, Jack Shurmer, Gilbert Siame, Loria Siamia, Zanele Sibanda, Claire Sidaway, Seshnag Siddavaram, Nasir Siddique, Sohail Siddique, Nyma Sikondari, Claudia Silva Moniz, Mike Silverstone, Malcolm Sim, Theresa Simangan, Vimbai Simbi, Robert Sime, Oliver Simmons, Richard Simms, Merritt Simon, Natalie Simon, Angela Simpson, Anna Simpson, Danny Simpson, Georgina Simpson, Joanne Simpson, John Simpson, Kerry Simpson, Phillip Simpson, Thomas Simpson, Andrew Simpson, Kathryn Simpson, Cindy Sing, Ankita Singh, Claire Singh, Jayaprakash Singh, Jyoti Singh, Lokeshwar Singh, Manjeet Singh, Nadira Singh, Pankaj Singh, Prabhsimran Singh, Salil Singh, Saurabh Singh, Parag Singhal, Bryan Singizi, Manas Sinha, Utkarsh Sinha, Guy Sisson, Sarah Sithiravel, Karthikadevi Sivakumar, Shanmugasundaram Sivakumar, Darsh Sivakumran, Sivanthi Sivanadarajah, Pasupathy-Rajah Sivasothy, Rebecca Sivers, Alison Sivyer, Nicole Skehan, Robert Skelly, Orlagh Skelton, Imogen Skene, Michael J Skill, Denise Skinner, Tabitha Skinner, Victoria Skinner, Agnieszka Skorko, Iwona Skorupinska, Mariola Skorupinska, Amy Slack, Katie Slack, Wendy Slack, Heather Slade, Helen Slade, Mark Slade, Helen Slater, Lynda Slater, Nicola Slawson, Andrew Sloan, Brendan Sloan, Derek Sloan, Geraldine Sloane, Benjamin Small, Ellen Small, Emma Small, Samuel Small, Karen D Smallshaw, Andy Smallwood, Carien Smit, Aileen Smith, Alex Smith, Amanda Smith, Amy Smith, Andrew Smith, Anna Smith, Camilla Smith, Catherine Smith, Chris Smith, Christopher Smith, Dominic Smith, Eleanor Smith, Harriet Smith, Hazel Smith, Helen Smith, Jacky Smith, Janice Smith, Jessica Smith, Juliet Smith, Karen Smith, Kate Smith, Kathryn Smith, Katie Smith, Kelly Smith, Kerry Smith, Lara Smith, Linda Smith, Lisa Smith, Loren Smith, Maria Smith, Mel Smith, Oliver Smith, Rachel Smith, Rebecca Smith, Richard Smith, Ruth Smith, Sally Smith, Samantha Smith, Stacey Smith, Stephanie Smith, Susan Smith, Imogen Smith, John Smith, Gemma Smithson, Sue Smolen, Sara Smuts, Naoise Smyth, Annette Snell, David Snell, Luke Snell, Beng So, Michelle Soan, Toluleyi Sobande, Alberto Sobrino Diaz, Basit Sohail, Bina Sohail, Herminder Sohal, Roy Soiza, Mary Sokolowski, Olajumoke Solademi, Krishma Solanki, Babak Soleimani, Amanda Solesbury, Reanne Solly, Louise Solomon, Subash Somalanka, Chandrashekaraiah Somashekar, Raj Sonia, Shiu-Ching Soo, Deepti Sood, Pavandeep Soor, Germanda Soothill, Jennifer Soren, Youssef Sorour, Apina Sothinathan, Pragalathan Sothirajah, Najwa Soussi, Donna Southam, David Southern, Iain Southern, Louise Southern, Sara M Southin, Jessica Southwell, Thomas Southworth, Jason Sowter, Claudia Spalding, Enti Spata, Katie Spears, Mark Spears, John Spence, Michelle Spence, Branwell Spencer, Gisele Spencer, Sue Spencer, Tom Spencer, Helen Spicer, Rose Spicer, Helen Spickett, Jennifer Spillane, William Spiller, Kerry Spinks, Michelle Spinks, Nick Spittle, Johanna Sporrer, Karen Spreckley, Janet Spriggs, Oliver Spring, Scott Springworth, Gemma Squires, Jack Squires, Rebecca Squires, Ram Sreenivasan, K Sri Paranthamen, Ramesh Srinivasan, Asha Srirajamadhuveeti, Vino Srirathan, Chloe Stacey, Sybil Stacpoole, Louise Stadon, Tony Staincliffe, Jocasta Staines, Nikki Staines, Katie Stammers, Roxana Stanciu, Grazyna Stanczuk, Helen Stannard, Edward Stanton, Robyn Staples, Simon Stapley, Natalie Staplin, Adam Stark, Michelle Starr, Julie Staves, Rached Stead, Anthea Steel, Charlotte Steel, Conor Steele, John Steer, Vergnano Stefania, Paula Stefanowska, Katie Steinert, Caroline Stemp, Alison Stephens, David Stephensen, Elaine Stephenson, Monique Sterrenburg, Georgia Stevens, Guy Stevens, Melanie Stevens, Will Stevens, Amy Stevenson, Andrew Stevenson, Elaine Stevenson, Lesley Stevenson, Sarah Stevenson, Amanda Stewart, Claire Stewart, Colin Stewart, McKenna Stewart, Rachel Stewart, Rebecca Stewart, Richard Stewart, Jo Stickley, Gemma Stiller, Robert Stirk, Sarah Stirrup, Sarah Stock, Alexander Stockdale, Lynne Stockham, Paul Stockton, Emma Stoddard, Chris Stokes, Ben Stone, Roisin Stone, Sarah Stone, Imogen Storey, Kim Storton, Frederick Stourton, Angela Strachan, Catherine Strait, Ellen Strakosch, Emma Stratton, Jane Stratton, Sam Straw, Luke Streeter, Dieter Streit, Emma Stride, Sally Stringer, Sophia Strong-Sheldrake, Siske Struik, Carmel Stuart, Anna Stubbs, Harrison Stubbs, Ann Sturdy, Sharon Sturney, Matt Stuttard, Cristina Suarez, Karuna Subba, Christian P Subbe, Manjula Subramanian, Venkatram Subramanian, Chinari Subudhi, Rebecca Suckling, Srivatsan Sudershan, Lee Sudlow, Gayle Sugden, Peter Sugden, Rudresh Sukla, Ali Suliman, Fatimah Suliman, Ian Sullivan, Sugrah Sultan, Jennifer Summers, Mark Summerton, Samyukta Sundar, Reka Sundhar, Edmond Sung, Nadia Sunni, Jay Suntharalingam, Amitava Sur, Dharmic Suresh, Shilpa Suresh, Rachel Suri, Michael Surtees, Danielle Suter, Helen Sutherland, Rachel Sutherland, Rebecca Sutherland, Dovile Sutinyte, Deborah Sutton, John Sutton, Sam Sutton, Mihaela Sutu, Marie-Louise Svensson, Sima Svirpliene, Andrew Swain, Thomas Swaine, Christopher Swales, Lorna Swan, Nicola Swarbrick, Tirion Swart, Stephen Sweetman, Samaher Sweity, Ealish Swift, Paul Swift, Pauline Swift, Peter Swift, Rachael Swift, Rachel Swingler, Sophie Swinhoe, Katarzyna Swist-Szulik, Luke Swithenbank, Omair Syed, Catriona Sykes, Daisy Sykes, Eliot Sykes, Luke Sylvester, Dominic Symon, Andrew Syndercombe, Zoe Syrimi, Jen Syson, Gemma Szabo, Tamas Szakmany, Megan Szekely, Matthew Szeto, Maria Tadros, Amr Tageldin, Lucy Tague, Hasan Tahir, Muhammad Tahir, Silvia Taibo, Zsofia Takats, Abigail Takyi, Peter Talbot, Alison Talbot -Smith, James Talbot-Ponsonby, Richard Tallent, Bradley Tallon, Phoebe Tamblin-Hopper, Adrian Tan, Bee T Tan, Hock Tan, Huey Tan, Jade Tan, Keith Tan, WeiTeen Tan, Anand Tana, Xiaohui Tang, Christina Tanney, Tabitha Tanqueray, Emma Tanton, Ran Tao, Mark Taplin, Hayley Tarft, Priyal Taribagil, Obaid Tarin, Syed Tariq, Zeeshan Tariq, David Tarpey, Lisa Tarrant, Antonia Tasiou, Elizabeth Tatam, Margaret L Tate, Kate Tatham, Vera Tavoukjian, Alexander Taylor, Beverley Taylor, Brian Taylor, Charlie Taylor, Charlotte Taylor, David Taylor, Elisabeth Taylor, Janet Taylor, Jennifer Taylor, Joanne Taylor, Julie Taylor, Karen Taylor, Leanne Taylor, Margaret Taylor, Matthew Taylor, Melanie Taylor, Natalie Taylor, Rachael Taylor, Rachel Taylor, Samantha Taylor, Suzanne Taylor, Tina Taylor, Tracey Taylor, Vicky Taylor, Michelle Taylor-Siddons, Thomas Taynton, Amelia Te, Jessica Teasdale, Julie Tebbutt, Caroline Tee, Rajni Tejwani, Seble Tekle, Adam Telfer, Vibha Teli, Jennifer Tempany, Holly Templar, Julie Temple, Natalie Temple, Helen Tench, Yi He Teoh, Lynne Terrett, Louise Terry, Abbi Tervit, Dariusz Tetla, Kate Tettmar, Shirish Tewari, Daniel Tewkesbury, Joana Texeira, ChiaLing Tey, Clare Thakker, Manish Thakker, Amirtharajh Tharmakulasingam, Hilary Thatcher, Andrew Thayanandan, Krishna Thazhatheyil, Eaint Thein, Lambrini Theocharidou, Phyu Thet, Kapeendran Thevarajah, Mayooran Thevendra, Nang Thiri Phoo, Yvette Thirlwall, Muthu Thirumaran, Alice Thomas, Andrew Thomas, Caradog Thomas, Emma Thomas, Enson Thomas, Esther Thomas, Hannah Thomas, Helen Thomas, James Thomas, Karen Thomas, Koshy Thomas, Lucy Thomas, Rachel Thomas, Rebecca Thomas, Rhys Thomas, Ruth Thomas, Samantha Thomas, Sarah Thomas, Sherine Thomas, Tessy Thomas, Vicky Thomas, Rhian Thomas-Turner, Samantha Thomas-Wright, Catherine Thompson, Christopher Thompson, Clara Thompson, Fiona Thompson, Katharine Thompson, Laura Thompson, Liz Thompson, Luke Thompson, Michael Thompson, Orla Thompson, Rebecca Thompson, Roger Thompson, Trevor Thompson, Usilla Thompson, Nicola Thomson, Natasha Thorn, Charlotte Thorne, Nicola Thorne, Wendy Thorne, Jim Thornton, Michael Thornton, Richard Thornton, Sara Thornton, Susan Thornton, Thomas Thornton, Tracey Thornton, Allison Thorpe, Christopher Thorpe, Sarah Thorpe, Paradeep Thozthumparambil, Laura Thrasyvoulou, Hannah Thraves, Elisha Thuesday, Vicky Thwaiotes, Guy Thwaites, Simon Tiberi, Jane Tidman, Serena Tieger, Carey Tierney, Caroline Tierney, Mark Tighe, Sorrell Tilbey, Amanda Tiller, John Timerick, Elizabeth Timlick, Alison Timmis, Hayley Timms, Anne-Marie Timoroksa, Samakomva Tinashe, Heather Tinkler, Marianne Tinkler, Jacqui Tipper, Helen Tivenan, Helen T-Michael, Anne Todd, Jackie Todd, Stacy Todd, Mohamed Tohfa, Helena Tollick, Melanie Tolson, Ana Luisa Tomas, Natalia Tomasova, Sharon Tomlin, Simon Tomlins, Jo Tomlinson, James Tonkin, Ivan Tonna, Catherine Toohey, Kirsty Topham, Mathew Topping, Ruhaif Tousis, Peter Tovey, Gareth Towersey, Jason Towler, Jill Townley, Alain Townsend, Chris Townsend, Richard Tozer, Claire Tranter, Helen Tranter, Jonathan Trattles, Christopher Travill, Sarah Traynor, Karis Treuberg, Mike Trevett, Ascanio Tridente, Sanchia Triggs, Fiona Trim, Thomas Trimble, Alex Trimmings, Tom Trinick, Sven Troedson, Emily Tropman, Amy Trotter, Madeleine Trowsdale Stannard, Nigel Trudgill, Maria Truslove, Shaun Trussell, Tariq Trussell, Sara Tryon, Kyriaki Tsakiridou, Christine Tsang, Hoi Pat Tsang, Peter Tsang, Tan Tsawayo, Kyriaki Karali Tsilimpari, Georgios Tsinaslanidis, Simon Tso, Sally Tucker, Victoria Tuckley, Caroline Tuckwell, Aisha Tufail, Redmond Tully, Grace Tunesi, Saidat Turawa, Killiam Turbitt, Anna Turco, Krystyna Turek, Rezon Turel, Tolga Turgut, Claudia Turley, Alison Turnbull, Aine Turner, Ash Turner, Charlotte Turner, David Turner, Frances Turner, Gail Turner, Kate Turner, Kelly Turner, Louise Turner, Lucy Turner, Marc Turner, Mark Turner, Patricia Turner, Ruth Turner, Sally Turner, Samantha Turner, Susan Turner, Victoria Turner, Sharon Turney, Jon Turvey, Conor Tweed, David Tweed, Rebecca Twemlow, Emma Twohey, Bhavya Tyagi, Vedang Tyagi, Abigail Tyer, Jayne Tyler, Jennifer Tyler, Alison Tyzack, Petros Tzavaras, Mohammad S Uddin, Ruhama Uddin, Ruzena Uddin, Salamat Ullah, Sana Ullah, Sanda Ullah, Athavan Umaipalan, Judith Umeadi, Akudo Umeh, Wilfred Umeojiako, Ben Ummat, Charlotte Underwood, Jonathan Underwood, Laura Unitt, Adam Unsworth, Jasvinder Uppal, Veerpal S Uppal, James Uprichard, Gerry Upson, Masood Ur Rasool, Alison Uriel, Sebastian Urruela, Hiromi Uru, Miranda Usher, Rebecca Usher, Alex UsherRea, Andrew Ustianowski, Jane Uttley, Linda C Vaccari, Uddhav Vaghela, Abhay Vaidya, Bernardas Valecka, Jennifer Valentine, Balan Valeria, Pramodh Vallabhaneni, Pedro Valle Vallines, Luke Vamplew, Ekaterini Vamvakiti, Joannis Vamvakopoulos, Maud van de Venne, Alex van der Meer, Nora van der Stelt, Joseph Vance-Daniel, Rama Vancheeswaran, Caryn Vander Riet, Samuel I Vandeyoon, Padma Vankayalapati, Piyush Vanmali, Chloe Vansomeren, William Van't Hoff, Sejal Vara, Kate Vardigans, Stehen J Vardy, Anu Varghese, Maria Varghese, William Varney, Giulia Varnier, Valeria Vasadi, Olivia Vass, Vimal Vasu, Vasanthi Vasudevan, Manu Vatish, Heloyes Vayalaman, Christopher Vaz, Niki Veale, Sachuda Veerasamy, Bar Velan, Swati Velankar, Luxmi Velauthar, Neyme Veli, Nicola Vella, Anitha Velusamy, Ian Venables, Mavi Venditti, David Veniard, Ramya Venkataramakrishnan, Richard Venn, Robert Venn, Lyn Ventilacion, Joanne Vere, Mark Veres, Stefania Vergnano, Will Verling, Amit Verma, Rachel Vernall, Britney Vernon, Mark Vertue, Jerik Verula, Natalie Vethanayagam, Lucy Veys, Carinna Vickers, Saji Victor, Jennifer Vidler, Wayne Vietri, Bavithra Vijayakumar, Vinod Warrier Vijayaraghavan Nalini, Brigita Vilcinskaite, Neringa Vilimiene, Sudharkar Vimalanathan, Lynn Vinall, Sylvia Vinay, Latha Vinayakarao, Rachel Vincent, Rosie Vincent, Pritpal Virdee, Emma Virgilio, Abdullah M Virk, Elisa Visentin, Jeyakumar Visuvanathan, Karunakaran Vithian, Sorice Vittoria, Elena Vlad, Ben Vlies, Alain Vuylsteke, Eleftheria Vyras, Richard Wach, Beverley Wadams, Susan Wadd, Natalia Waddington, Kirsten Wadsworth, Syed EI Wafa, Daniel Wagstaff, Lynda Wagstaff, Dalia Wahab, Zaroug Wahbi, Abiodun Waheed Adigun, Sawan Waidyanatha, Rachel Wake, Alice Wakefield, William Wakeford, Michelle Wakelin, Fiona Wakinshaw, Andrew Walden, Jane Walden, Lorna Walding, Alexandria Waldron, Gemma Walker, Harriet Walker, Ian Walker, Jasmine Walker, Kevin Walker, Kim Walker, Linda Walker, Marie T Walker, Olivia Walker, Rachel Walker, Rebecca Walker, Susan Walker, Derek Wallbank, Rebecca Wallbutton, Jessica Wallen, Karl Wallendszus, Arabella Waller, Fiona Waller, Rosemary Waller, Gabiel Wallis, Gabriel Wallis, Louise Wallis, Donna Walsh, Elizabeth Walsh, Livia Walsh, Deborah Walstow, Daniel Walter, Alex Walters, Holt Walters, James Walters, Jocelyn Walters, Eileen Walton, Lucy Walton, Olivia Walton, Sharon Walton, Susan Walton, Mandy Wan, Thin Wan, Mary Wands, Rachel Wane, Frank Wang, Nick Wang, Ran Wang, Deborah Warbrick, Samantha Warburton, Deborah Ward, Emma Ward, Joanna Ward, Karen Ward, Luke Ward, Nicola Ward, Rachael Ward, Rebecca Ward, Thomas Ward, Tom Ward, Scott A Warden, Adele Wardle, Karen Wardle, Steve Wardle, Hassan Wardy, Scott Waring, Jenny Warmington, Ben Warner, Christian Warner, Lewis Warnock, Sarah Warran, Jade Warren, Lisa Warren, Yolanda Warren, Hannah Warren-Miell, Gill Warwick, Charlotte Washington, Helen Wassall, Hazel J Watchorn, Holly Waterfall, Abby Waters, Donald Waters, Mark Waterstone, Catherine Watkins, Catrin Watkins, Eleanor Watkins, Karen Watkins, Lynn Watkins, Nick Watkins, Abigail Watson, Adam JR Watson, Ekaterina Watson, Eleanor Watson, Paul Watson, Rebecca Watson, Robert Watson, Sandra Watson, Malcolm Watters, Donna Watterson, Daniel Watts, John Watts, Merlin Watts, Victoria Waugh, Emma Wayman, Akhlaq Wazir, Mark Weatherhead, Nick Weatherly, Paul Weaver, Hayley Webb, Kathryn Webb, Kylie Webb, Stephen Webb, Cheryl Websdale, Deborah Webster, Ian Webster, Tim Webster, Kathleen Wedgeworth, Ling Wee, Rebecca Weerakoon, Thanuja Weerasinghe, Janaka Weeratunga, Maria Weetman, Shuying Wei, Immo Weichert, Hugh Welch, James Welch, Leanne Welch, Steven Welch, Samantha Weller, Lucy Wellings, Brian Wells, Susan Wellstead, Berni Welsh, Richard Welsh, Ingeborg Welters, Rachael Welton, Lauren Wentworth, Kate Wesseldine, James Wesson, Jim Wesson, Adam West, Magdelena West, Raha West, Ruth West, Sophie West, Luke Western, Ruth Westhead, Heather Weston, Alice Westwood, Bill Wetherill, Sharon Wheaver, Helen Wheeler, Ben Whelan, Matthew Whelband, Amanda Whileman, Alison Whitcher, Abbie White, Andrew White, Benjamin White, Christopher White, Duncan White, Emily White, James White, Jonathan White, Katie White, Marie White, Nick White, Sarah White, Sonia White, Stephen White, Tracey White, Catherine Whitehead, Anne Whitehouse, Claire Whitehouse, Tony Whitehouse, Julia Whiteley, Sophie Whiteley, Victoria Whiteside, Drew Whitley, Kaitlyn Whitley, Gabriel Whitlingum, David Whitmore, Elizabeth Whittaker, Lindsay Whittam, Andrew Whittingham Hirst, Ashley Whittington, Helen Whittle, Robert Whittle, Suzanne Whyte, Eunice Wiafe, Lou Wiblin, John Widdrington, Jason Wieboldt, Hannah Wieringa, Cornelia Wiesender, Laura Wiffen, Andrew Wight, Christopher Wignall, Danielle Wilcock, Emma Wilcock, Louise Wilcox, Laura Wild, Stephen Wild, Michael Wilde, Peter Wilding, Ritchie Wildman, Tracey Wildsmith, Joe Wileman, Donna Wiles, Joy Wiles, Kate Wiles, Elva Wilhelmsen, Thomas Wiliams, Chloe Wilkes, Janet Wilkie, David Wilkin, Hannah Wilkins, Joy Wilkins, Suzanne Wilkins, Helen Wilkinson, Holly Wilkinson, Iain Wilkinson, Lesley Wilkinson, Martin Wilkinson, Nicola Wilkinson, Sophia Wilkinson, Susan Wilkinson, Tim Wilkinson, Sylvia Willetts, Aimee Williams, Alexandra Williams, Alison Williams, Angharad Williams, Ava Williams, Carl Williams, Caroline V Williams, Claire Williams, Dewi Williams, Gail Williams, Gemma Williams, Gina Williams, Hannah Williams, James Williams, Jayne Williams, Jennie Williams, John Williams, Joseph Williams, Karen Williams, Kathryn Williams, Marie Williams, Matthew Williams, Patricia Williams, Penny Williams, Rachael Williams, Rupert Williams, Samson Williams, Sarah Williams, Sophie Williams, Tamanna Williams, Annie Williamson, Cath Williamson, Catherine Williamson, Dawn Williamson, James D Williamson, Rachel Williamson, Helen Williamson, Bruce Willian, Elizabeth Willis, Emily Willis, Heather Willis, Herika Willis, Joanna Willis, Laura Willmott, Louise Wills, Lucy Willsher, Catherine Willshire, Francesca Willson, Alison Wilson, Andrea Wilson, Antoinette Wilson, Billy Wilson, Catherine Wilson, Eve Wilson, James Wilson, Karen Wilson, Kate Wilson, Lucinda Wilson, Mark Wilson, Matthew Wilson, Toni Wilson, Evie Wiltsher, Marlar Win, Tin Win, Wut Yee Win Win, Lucinda Winckworth, Laura Winder, Piers Winder, Phillip Windrum, Kerry Winham-Whyte, Helen Winmill, Simon Winn, Carmen Winpenny, Helen Winslow, Helen Winter, Jonathan Winter, Pascal Winter, Barbara Winter-Goodwin, Stephen Wisdom, Matthew Wise, Martin Wiselka, Rebecca Wiseman, Sophie Wiseman, Steven Wishart, Holly Wissett, Eric Witele, Nicholas Withers, Janet Wittes, Donna Wixted, Therese Wodehouse, Will Wolf, Nicola Wolff, Kirsten Wolffsohn, Rebecca Wolf-Roberts, Magda Wolna, Elena Wolodimeroff, Adam Wolstencroft, Alan Wong, Charlotte Wong, Chi-Hung Wong, Edwin Wong, Jessica Sue Yi Wong, Kit Y Wong, Lee Wong, Mei Yin Wong, Nick Wong, Sam Wong, Yun Man Wong, Amanda Wood, Caroline Wood, Carrie Anne Wood, Dianne Wood, Fiona Wood, Hannah Wood, Jennifer Wood, Joe Wood, Julia Wood, Kathryn Wood, Lisa Wood, Louise Wood, Michelle Wood, Stephen Wood, Tracy Wood, Ursula Wood, Katharine Woodall, Rebecca Woodfield, Christopher Woodford, Elizabeth Woodford, Jill Woodford, Luke Woodford, Louise Woodhead, Timothy Woodhead, Philip Woodland, Marc Woodman, Debra Woods, Jane Woods, Katherine Woods, Sarah Woods, Zoe Woodward, Rachel Wookey, Megan Woolcock, Gemma Wooldridge, Rebecca Woolf, Chris Woollard, Christopher Woollard, Louisa Woollen, Emma Woolley, Jade Woolley, Daniel Woosey, Dan Wootton, Joanne Wootton, Daniel Worley, Stephy Worton, Jonathan Wraight, Maria Wray, Tim Wreford-Bush, Joanne Wren, Kim Wren, Lynn Wren, Caroline Wrey Brown, Catherine Wright, Demi Wright, Francesca Wright, Imogen Wright, Lee Wright, Lianne Wright, Pete Wright, Rachel Wright, Rebecca Wright, Stephanie Wright, Tim Wright, Caroline Wroe, Hannah Wroe, Henry Wu, Peishan Wu, Pensee Wu, Jonathan Wubetu, Retno Wulandari, Craig Wyatt, Frederick Wyn-Griffiths, Inez Wynter, Bindhu Xavier, Arnold Xhikola, Zhongyang Xia, Huiyuan Xiao, Masseh Yakubi, May Yan, Freda Yang, Yingjia Yang, Michael Yanney, Woei Lin Yap, Nabil Yaqoob, Naairah Yaqub, Salima Yasmin, Bryan Yates, David Yates, Edward Yates, Helen Yates, Julie Yates, Mark Yates, Charlotte Yearwood Martin, Andrew Yeatman, Khin Yein, Fiona Yelnoorkar, Peter Yew, Kawai Yip, Laura Ylquimiche, Laura Ylquimiche Melly, Inez Ynter, H Yong, Jemma Yorke, Jasmine Youens, Abdel Younes Ibrahim, Eoin Young, Gail Young, Louise Young, Richard Young, Asfand Yousafzar, Sajeda Youssouf, Ahmed Yousuf, Chrissie Yu, Bernard Yung, Daniel Yusef, Said Yusef, Intekhab Yusuf, Anna-Sophia Zafar, Silvia Zagalo, Su Zaher, Aqsa Zahoor, Kareem Zaki, Nabhan Zakir, Kasia Zalewska, Ane Zamalloa, Mohsin Zaman, Raisa Zaman, Shakir Zaman, Julie Zamikula, Louise Zammit, Marie Zammit-Mangion, Lynn Zarb, Esther Zebracki, Daniel Zehnder, Lisa Zeidan, Marian Zelman, Xiaobei Zhao, Dongling Zheng, Doreen Zhu, Madiha Zia, Omar Zibdeh, Rabia Zill-E-Huma, Ei Thankt Zin, Veronica Zindonda, Eleanor Zinkin, Vivian Zinyemba, Christos Zipitis, Arkadiusz Zmierczak, Azam Zubir, Roslin Zuha, Naz Zuhra, Rasha Zulaikha, Sabrina Zulfikar, Carol Zullo, Ana Zuriaga-Alvaro, Will Zuurbier, Sheba Zyengi, and University of St Andrews. School of Medicine
Subjects: Male, Convalescent plasma, medicine.medical_treatment, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Antibodies, Viral, Rate ratio, 0302 clinical medicine, RA0421, RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine, Medicine, Hospital Mortality, 030212 general & internal medicine, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Aged, 80 and over, Medicine(all), Mortality rate, Covid19, Articles, 3rd-DAS, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Hospitals, Treatment Outcome, Female, Open label, Coronavirus Infections, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, RM, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), 03 medical and health sciences, Medicine, General & Internal, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, General & Internal Medicine, Internal medicine, Humans, In patient, Pandemics, COVID-19 Serotherapy, Aged, Mechanical ventilation, Science & Technology, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Significant difference, Immunization, Passive, COVID-19, Length of Stay, NIS, R1, Respiration, Artificial, United Kingdom, RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RECOVERY Collaborative Group, business
Abstract: Background: Many patients with COVID-19 have been treated with plasma containing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of convalescent plasma therapy in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Methods: This randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]) is assessing several possible treatments in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in the UK. The trial is underway at 177 NHS hospitals from across the UK. Eligible and consenting patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either usual care alone (usual care group) or usual care plus high-titre convalescent plasma (convalescent plasma group). The primary outcome was 28-day mortality, analysed on an intention-to-treat basis. The trial is registered with ISRCTN, 50189673, and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04381936. Findings: Between May 28, 2020, and Jan 15, 2021, 11558 (71%) of 16287 patients enrolled in RECOVERY were eligible to receive convalescent plasma and were assigned to either the convalescent plasma group or the usual care group. There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality between the two groups: 1399 (24%) of 5795 patients in the convalescent plasma group and 1408 (24%) of 5763 patients in the usual care group died within 28 days (rate ratio 1·00, 95% CI 0·93–1·07; p=0·95). The 28-day mortality rate ratio was similar in all prespecified subgroups of patients, including in those patients without detectable SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at randomisation. Allocation to convalescent plasma had no significant effect on the proportion of patients discharged from hospital within 28 days (3832 [66%] patients in the convalescent plasma group vs 3822 [66%] patients in the usual care group; rate ratio 0·99, 95% CI 0·94–1·03; p=0·57). Among those not on invasive mechanical ventilation at randomisation, there was no significant difference in the proportion of patients meeting the composite endpoint of progression to invasive mechanical ventilation or death (1568 [29%] of 5493 patients in the convalescent plasma group vs 1568 [29%] of 5448 patients in the usual care group; rate ratio 0·99, 95% CI 0·93–1·05; p=0·79). Interpretation: In patients hospitalised with COVID-19, high-titre convalescent plasma did not improve survival or other prespecified clinical outcomes. Funding: UK Research and Innovation (Medical Research Council) and National Institute of Health Research.
Published: 2021

5. Safety, efficacy and impact on frailty of mini-invasive radial balloon aortic valvuloplasty

Author: Caterina Cavazza, Fabio Tarantino, Tommaso Piva, Matteo Serenelli, Marco Balducelli, Andrea Picchi, Enrico Cerrato, Tiziana Attisano, Gerlando Preti, Massimo Di Marco, Gianluca Campo, Carlo Penzo, Giacomo Mantovani, Giuseppe Colonna, Francesco Saia, Annamaria Di Cesare, Matteo Tebaldi, Gianni Dall'Ara, Luca Fileti, Benedetta Govoni, Simone Biscaglia, Cristina Rolfo, Giuseppe De Iaco, Andrea Santarelli, Guido Parodi, Simona Pierini, and Carlo Tumscitz
Subjects: Balloon Valvuloplasty, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Transcatheter aortic, medicine.medical_treatment, aortic valve stenosis, Balloon, NO, Mini invasive surgery, Quality of life, Internal medicine, Clinical endpoint, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Mortality, Aged, 80 and over, Frailty, business.industry, Prognosis, medicine.disease, transcatheter aortic valve replacement, Aortic valvuloplasty, Aortic valve stenosis, Radial Artery, Quality of Life, Cardiology, Feasibility Studies, Population study, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: ObjectiveThe study was designed to: (1) confirm safety and feasibility of mini-invasive radial balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV); (2) assess its impact in terms of quality of life and frailty; and (3) evaluate whether changes in frailty after BAV are associated with death in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).Methods330 patients undergoing BAV in 16 Italian centres were prospectively included. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of major and minor Valve Academic Research Consortium (VARC)-2 bleeding. Secondary endpoints were scales of quality of life, frailty, evaluated at baseline and 30 days, and their relationship with the occurrence of all-cause death.ResultsBAV was performed by radial access in 314 (95%) patients. No VARC-2 major and six (1.8%) VARC-2 minor bleedings occurred in the study population. Quality of life, as well as frailty status, significantly improved 30 days after BAV. At 1 year, patients undergoing TAVI with baseline essential frailty toolset (EFT) ConclusionsMini-invasive radial BAV is safe, feasible and associated with a low rate of vascular complications. Patients improving EFT 30 days after BAV showed a favourable outcome after TAVI.Trial registration numberNCT03087552.
Published: 2021

6. What Do We Have to Know about PD-L1 Expression in Prostate Cancer? A Systematic Literature Review. Part 1: Focus on Immunohistochemical Results with Discussion of Pre-Analytical and Interpretation Variables

Author: Alessandra Soriano, Moira Ragazzi, Maria Paola Bonasoni, Francesca Sanguedolce, Alessandra Bisagni, Alessandro Tafuni, Matteo Landriscina, Beatrice Melli, Giacomo Santandrea, Giuseppe Carrieri, Alberto Cavazza, Guido Giordano, Sofia Canete-Portillo, Luigi Cormio, Dario de Biase, Antonio De Leo, Stefania Croci, Daniel Abensur Athanazio, Eleonora Zanetti, Alcides Chaux, Cristina Magi-Galluzzi, Andrea Palicelli, Magda Zanelli, Carolina Castro Ruiz, Martina Bonacini, Daniel M. Berney, Jatin Gandhi, Stefano Ascani, Maurizio Zizzo, Palicelli A., Bonacini M., Croci S., Magi-Galluzzi C., Canete-Portillo S., Chaux A., Bisagni A., Zanetti E., De Biase D., Melli B., Sanguedolce F., Ragazzi M., Bonasoni M.P., Soriano A., Ascani S., Zizzo M., Ruiz C.C., De Leo A., Giordano G., Landriscina M., Carrieri G., Cormio L., Berney D.M., Athanazio D., Gandhi J., Cavazza A., Santandrea G., Tafuni A., and Zanelli M.
Subjects: Oncology, Male, PD-L1, target-therapy, medicine.medical_specialty, QH301-705.5, Adenocarcinoma, Cancer, Checkpoint inhibitors, Im-munotherapy, Immunohistochemistry, Prostate, Target-therapy, Antibodies, Neoplasm, Pembrolizumab, Review, B7-H1 Antigen, Prostate cancer, Internal medicine, Checkpoint inhibitor, medicine, Carcinoma, Humans, cancer, Biology (General), prostate, adenocarcinoma, biology, business.industry, Prostatic Neoplasms, General Medicine, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, biology.protein, immunotherapy, Antibody, business, checkpoint inhibitors, Human
Abstract: Immunotherapy targeting the PD-1–PD-L1 axis yielded good results in treating different immunologically ‘‘hot’’ tumors. A phase II study revealed good therapeutic activity of pembrolizumab in selected prostatic carcinoma (PC)-patients. We performed a systematic literature review (PRISMA guidelines), which analyzes the immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 in human PC samples and highlights the pre-analytical and interpretation variables. Interestingly, 29% acinar PCs, 7% ductal PCs, and 46% neuroendocrine carcinomas/tumors were PD-L1+ on immunohistochemistry. Different scoring methods or cut-off criteria were applied on variable specimen-types, evaluating tumors showing different clinic-pathologic features. The positivity rate of different PD-L1 antibody clones in tumor cells ranged from 3% (SP142) to 50% (ABM4E54), excluding the single case tested for RM-320. The most tested clone was E1L3N, followed by 22C3 (most used for pembrolizumab eligibility), SP263, SP142, and 28-8, which gave the positivity rates of 35%, 11–41% (depending on different scoring systems), 6%, 3%, and 15%, respectively. Other clones were tested in
Published: 2021

7. Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) in the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease: experience of first 100 cases performed under conscious sedation with flexible bronchoscope

Author: Michael Henry, Marcus P. Kennedy, Michael M. Maher, Louise M. Burke, Anne M. O'Mahony, and Alberto Cavazza
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Non-specific interstitial pneumonia, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Interstitial lung disease, General Medicine, Lung biopsy, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, 0302 clinical medicine, Pneumothorax, Usual interstitial pneumonia, Biopsy, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Radiology, business, Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Abstract: Diagnosing the aetiology of interstitial lung disease (ILD) may require histology via a surgical lung biopsy (SLB). SLB is associated with significant complications. Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) can provide large, adequate biopsies with fewer complications offering a potential alternative to SLB. This study evaluated the safety, diagnostic yield and impact of TBLC on diagnostic certainty in the multidisciplinary diagnosis (MDD) of ILD within routine clinical practice. A retrospective study of all TBLC performed in a tertiary institute from March 2014 to December 2016 was performed. Procedures were performed using a flexible bronchoscope and cryoprobe without fluoroscopic guidance. One hundred procedures were performed on 85 patients. A total of 272 cryobiopsies were obtained with a mean biopsy diameter of 5.9 ± 3.2 mm. Ninety-seven percent contained alveolated lung tissue. Diagnosis based against MDD gold standard was confirmed using TBLC in 67.1% of patients and in 72/100 procedures. Three patients proceeded to SLB. The addition of histological information changed the clinic-radiological diagnosis in twelve patients. The most common diagnosis based on clinical-radiologic-pathologic correlation at MDD was idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (51.2%) and hypersensitivity pneumonitis (15.9%). Moderate bleeding occurred in 18% of cases and five patients (5%) developed pneumothorax requiring intervention. Eleven patients required admission, with a mean length of stay of 1.3 ± 0.9 days. TBLC aids the diagnosis of ILD in the appropriate patient and may be an acceptable alternative to SLB with fewer complications. Further work on standardizing the procedure is required.
Published: 2021

8. May 2020: Is It Always COVID-19 No Matter What?

Author: Claudia Lazzaretti, Matteo Fontana, Giulia Ghidoni, Marco Massari, Alberto Cavazza, Nicola Facciolongo, Roberto Piro, Francesco Menzella, Gloria Montanari, and Francesco Livrieri
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Lung, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, government.form_of_government, General Medicine, Disease, respiratory system, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, respiratory tract diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Bronchoalveolar lavage, medicine.anatomical_structure, Acute eosinophilic pneumonia, Respiratory failure, Pathognomonic, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, government, Medicine, Eosinophilia, medicine.symptom, business, Rare disease
Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is causing a massive outbreak throughout the world. In this period, diseases other than coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have not disappeared; however, it is hard for doctors to diagnose diseases that can mimic the clinical, radiological, and laboratory features of COVID-19, especially rare lung diseases such as acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP). We report the clinical case of a young patient who presented to the Emergency Department with respiratory failure and clinical symptoms, radiological aspects, and blood tests compatible with COVID-19; two swabs and a serology test for SARS-CoV-2 were performed, both resulted negative, but the respiratory failure worsened. Peripheral eosinophilia guided us to consider the possibility of a rare disease such as AEP, even if radiology findings were not pathognomonic. Therefore, we decided to perform a flexible bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) at the lingula, which showed the presence of eosinophilia greater than 40%. As a consequence, we treated the patient with high-dose corticosteroids that completely resolved the respiratory symptoms. This case report highlights the difficulty of making alternative diagnoses during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially for rare lung diseases such as AEP, which may have initial characteristics similar to COVID-19.
Published: 2020

9. Large Subchorionic Cyst Located at Umbilical Cord Insertion with Vascular Displacing and Intracystic Hemorrhage/Hematoma: A Case Report

Author: Lorenzo Aguzzoli, I. Blasi, Alberto Cavazza, Maria Paola Bonasoni, and Giuseppina Comitini
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Cord, Placenta, medicine.medical_treatment, Hemorrhage, Insertion site, 030105 genetics & heredity, Umbilical cord, Ultrasonography, Prenatal, Umbilical Cord, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Hematoma, Pregnancy, Fetal growth, medicine, Humans, Cyst, Fetal Growth Retardation, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Cesarean Section, Cysts, business.industry, General Medicine, Blood flow, Traction (orthopedics), medicine.disease, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Female, business
Abstract: Large subchorionic cysts usually arise close to the placental cord insertion site (PCIS) inducing traction on the umbilical cord, impairing blood flow and favoring fetal growth restriction (FGR). I...
Published: 2020

10. Prognostic value of transbronchial lung cryobiopsy for the multidisciplinary diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a retrospective validation study

Author: Christian Gurioli, Jürgen Hetzel, Antonella Arcadu, Venerino Poletti, S. Tomassetti, Claudia Ravaglia, Luca Donati, Federico Lavorini, Thomas V. Colby, Sara Piciucchi, Jay H. Ryu, Catherine Klersy, Silvia Puglisi, Alberto Cavazza, Martina Marchi, Giulio Rossi, Alessandra Dubini, Paola Tantalocco, Fabio Sultani, Athol U. Wells, Brett Ley, Carlo Gurioli, and Sabrina Martinello
Subjects: Male, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Biopsy, medicine.medical_treatment, Lung biopsy, Diagnosis, Differential, 03 medical and health sciences, Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, 0302 clinical medicine, Usual interstitial pneumonia, Bronchoscopy, medicine, Humans, Lung transplantation, 030212 general & internal medicine, Lung, Retrospective Studies, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Interstitial lung disease, Middle Aged, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030228 respiratory system, Female, Radiology, Differential diagnosis, Lung Diseases, Interstitial, business, Lung Transplantation
Abstract: Background: Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) has been introduced recently in the diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of the distinction between idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and other interstitial lung diseases with the use of TBLC data in multidisciplinary team (MDT) diagnosis. Methods: In this single-centre, retrospective, investigator-initiated comparative study, we evaluated consecutive patients without a definite usual interstitial pneumonia pattern on high-resolution CT, who presented to the GB Morgagni Hospital (Forlì, Italy), and who underwent TBLC (Jan 1, 2011, to Dec 31, 2014) or surgical lung biopsy (SLB; Jan 1, 2002, to Dec 31, 2016). Three pathologists reviewed the specimens, masked to clinical information. MDT evaluation was done before and after biopsy. The primary endpoint was the prognostic significance of the MDT diagnostic separation between idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and other interstitial lung diseases in patients undergoing TBLC. Mortality was evaluated by means of Cox regression analysis. Findings: We evaluated 500 consecutive cases, 426 of which were included: 266 had TBLC and 160 had SLB. 189 patients had idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, 143 had other fibrotic interstitial lung diseases, and 94 had non-fibrotic interstitial lung diseases. Patients undergoing TBLC had more comorbidities and better preserved lung function compared with those undergoing SLB; among patients with a final MDT diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, patients undergoing TBLC were older, had more comorbidities, and had a different post-biopsy treatment profile than those who received SLB. The distinction between idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and other interstitial lung diseases made by MDT diagnosis on the basis of TBLC biopsy had clear prognostic significance, with a 5-year transplant-free survival of 68% (95% CI 57–76) in patients with an MDT idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis diagnosis based on TBLC compared with 93% (87–96) in patients without an idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis diagnosis based on TBLC (hazard ratio 5·28, 95% CI 2·72–10·04; p
Published: 2020

11. Mucinous Adenomyomatous Pulmonary Hamartoma: Clinicopathologic, Immunohistochemical, and Molecular Features of 6 Cases

Author: Fabio Davoli, Camilla E. Comin, Alberto Cavazza, Matteo Rotellini, Agita Jukna, Genny Jocollé, Giulio Rossi, and Thomas V. Colby
Subjects: Lung Diseases, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Hamartoma, Respiratory Mucosa, Gene mutation, Malignancy, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Diagnosis, Differential, Basal (phylogenetics), Sex Factors, Risk Factors, Biopsy, medicine, Humans, Lung, Aged, Incidental Findings, Frozen section procedure, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Histology, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Asymptomatic Diseases, Female, Surgery, Anatomy, business, Biomarkers
Abstract: Pulmonary hamartoma (PH) may show various combinations of mesenchymal tissues with entrapment of respiratory epithelium. An uncommon variant of PH prevalently consisting of smooth muscle with mucinous proliferation has been reported in literature under several definitions as sporadic reports. We collected a series of 6 leiomyomatous PH associated with mucinous growth from consultation files (3 cases) and multicentric revision of archival files among 128 consecutive surgically resected PH. The lesions have a prevalence for male gender (5:1) and lower lobes (5:1), with a mean age at diagnosis of 61 years. All cases were incidentally disclosed in asymptomatic patients and had an indolent behavior. At histology, 2 cases consisted uniquely of smooth muscle and 4 also showed mature adipose tissue. The mucinous proliferation consisted of a monotonous growth of columnar cells lacking p63-positive basal cells and expressing pan-CKs, MUC5A, and CK7, but negative with TTF-1, napsin, MUC1, MUC2, MUC6, CK20, and CDX2. Smooth muscle was negative with hormonal receptors. Molecular analysis using a multiplex gene panel did not reveal gene mutations, while ALK, BRAF, and ROS1 were negative. In conclusion, we describe a small series of uncommon PH with prevalent leiomyomatous mesenchymal component associated with a mucinous growth (mucinous adenomyomatous hamartoma). Despite the lack of basal cells coating mucinous proliferation and irregular architecture, the favorable outcome and lack of molecular alterations most likely lay for a benign/low-grade tumor. Pathologists should be aware of this unusual occurrence to prevent a diagnosis of overt malignancy, particularly in frozen section, small biopsy, and cytology.
Published: 2020

12. Leucocyte ratios are biomarkers of mortality in patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure

Author: Constantine J. Karvellas, Benjamin Baumgartner, Abisoye Akintimehin, A. Dhar, Eleni Theocharidou, Mark Thursz, Christine Bernsmeier, Charalambos G. Antoniades, Evangelia M. Fatourou, Mark J. W. McPhail, Georg Auzinger, Anna Cavazza, William Bernal, and Julia Wendon
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Cirrhosis, Multivariate analysis, Hepatology, business.industry, Gastroenterology, medicine.disease, Sepsis, 03 medical and health sciences, Liver disease, 0302 clinical medicine, Statistical significance, Internal medicine, medicine, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Pharmacology (medical), Acute on chronic liver failure, Decompensation, In patient, 030212 general & internal medicine, business
Abstract: Background In patients with cirrhosis, progression to acute decompensation (AD) and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) has been associated with poor prognosis. Differential leucocyte ratios might predict mortality in systemic inflammatory conditions. Aim To evaluate differential leucocyte ratios as prognostic biomarkers in patients with cirrhosis. Methods Patients with AD and ACLF were recruited from four centres in three countries. Peripheral blood differential leucocytes were measured (three centres using flow cytometry) on hospital admission and at 48 hours. Ratios were correlated to model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), chronic liver failure-sequential organ failure (CLIF-SOFA), suspected/culture-positive bacterial infection and survival. Results Nine hundred twenty-six patients (562 (61%) male, median age 55 (25-94) years) were studied. Overall, 350 (37%) did not survive to hospital discharge. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) were elevated in patients with AD and ACLF who died during their hospital stay. On multivariate analysis NLR retained statistical significance independently of CLIF-SOFA or MELD. NLR >30 was associated with an 80% 90-day mortality in patients with ACLF but not AD. On sensitivity analysis for subgroups (alcohol-related liver disease and suspected sepsis), NLR and MLR retained statistically robust accuracy for the prediction of mortality. Significant predictive accuracy was only observed in centres using flow cytometry. Conclusion Leucocyte ratios are simple and robust biomarkers of outcome in ACLF, which are comparable to CLIF-SOFA score but dependent on leucocyte quantification method. NLR and MLR may be used as screening tools for mortality prediction in patients with acutely deteriorating cirrhosis.
Published: 2020

13. Transbronchial Cryobiopsy in the Diagnosis of Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease

Author: Giulio Rossi, Alberto Cavazza, Mitra Mehrad, and Thomas V. Colby
Subjects: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Biopsy, Pulmonary Fibrosis, Less invasive, Lung pathology, Cryosurgery, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Bronchoscopy, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Lung surgery, Lung, Biopsy methods, business.industry, Interstitial lung disease, General Medicine, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Medical Laboratory Technology, 030228 respiratory system, Lung Diseases, Interstitial, Lung tissue, business
Abstract: Context.—Transbronchial cryobiopsy is an emerging procedure to obtain lung tissue for diagnosis of interstitial lung disease and has gained popularity because it is less invasive and has a lower rate of complications compared with nonselective surgical lung biopsy.Objective.—To provide an overview of the status of the medical literature regarding transbronchial cryobiopsy.Data Sources.—A literature search was performed using PubMed search engine. The terms “cryobiopsy” or “cryoprobe” and “interstitial lung disease” or “diffuse parenchymal lung disease” or “pulmonary fibrosis” were used, with the search concluding at the end of November 2019.Conclusions.—While the diagnostic yield of transbronchial cryobiopsy is slightly lower than surgical lung biopsy, a growing amount of literature suggests that with a multidisciplinary approach cryobiopsy provides diagnostic and prognostic information approaching that of surgical lung biopsy with lower morbidity and mortality.
Published: 2020

14. Impact of multidisciplinary approach and radiologic review on surgical outcome and overall survival of patients with pancreatic cancer: a retrospective cohort study

Author: Stefano Bonacini, Paolo Giorgi Rossi, Alberto Cavazza, Gabriele Carlinfante, Carmine Pinto, Romano Sassatelli, Giulia Besutti, Michele Panebianco, Giuliana Sereni, Tiziana Cassetti, Pierpaolo Pattacini, Maurizio Zizzo, and Giulia Artioli
Subjects: Male, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, pancreatic cancer, Computed tomography, Multidisciplinary team, Outcome (game theory), survival, surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pancreatectomy, Multidisciplinary approach, Pancreatic cancer, Overall survival, medicine, 80 and over, Humans, Retrospective Studies, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Multidisciplinary, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, General surgery, Carcinoma, Retrospective cohort study, computed tomography, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Treatment Outcome, Oncology, Pancreatic Ductal, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, business, Case discussion
Abstract: Aim: To evaluate the impact of multidisciplinary team case discussion including computed tomography (CT) radiologic review on surgical outcome and overall survival (OS) of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Methods: Patients with PDAC evaluated in 2008–2011 and 2013–2016 (before and after multidisciplinary team introduction), aged Results: A total of 316 patients (49.3% female, age 71±10 years) were included: 132 in 2008–2011 and 184 in 2013–2016. The proportion of patients who underwent upfront surgery was similar in the two periods (51% vs 47% in 2008–2011 vs 2013–2016). Neoadjuvant referral increased from 7% to 21% and surgical resection was excluded for 42% patients in 2008–2011 vs 33% in 2013–2016 ( p = 0.002). Adjusting by age, sex, and stage, surgical failures slightly decreased in 2013–2016 (odds ratio 0.89, 95% confidence interval 0.53–1.51); the decrease was stronger when therapeutic choice complied with CT indications (odds ratio 0.76, 95% confidence interval 0.36–1.63); in both cases, the decrease could be due to chance. After correction for age, sex, and stage, the hazard ratio of 2013–2016 for OS was 0.83 (95% confidence interval 0.64–1.09). In 33/114 (29%) patients, CT retrospective review produced a change in resectability judgment. Conclusion: Although differences could be due to chance or generic improvement, the consistency between process and outcome indicators suggests that multidisciplinary team approach with radiologic review may improve outcomes.
Published: 2022

15. PTU-38 Missed upper gastrointestinal cancers: predisposing factors in a district general hospital population over 7 years

Author: Craig Jordan Tilley, Roderick Rawiradiradja, Arash Vaziri, J Deacon, Danielle Morris, Evangelos Chalatsis, Anna Cavazza, and James Evans
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Population, Medicine, Upper gastrointestinal, General hospital, business, education
Published: 2021

16. Rheumatoid arthritis related interstitial lung disease

Author: Marco Sebastiani, Giulia Cassone, Belén Atienza-Mateo, Nicola Sverzellati, Andreina Teresa Manfredi, Miguel A. González-Gay, Alberto Cavazza, Carlo Salvarani, Fabrizio Luppi, Manfredi, A, Cassone, G, Luppi, F, Atienza-Mateo, B, Cavazza, A, Sverzellati, N, González-Gay, M, Salvarani, C, and Sebastiani, M
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, 0301 basic medicine, rheumatoid arthritis, velcro crackle, medicine.medical_specialty, High-resolution computed tomography, high resolution computed tomography, velcro crackles, Immunology, immunosuppressive drugs, Antifibrotic drugs, DMARDS, interstitial lung disease, lung fibrosis, multidisciplinary discussion, Gastroenterology, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, immunosuppressive drug, Retrospective Studies, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Lung fibrosis, Interstitial lung disease, rheumatoid arthriti, respiratory system, medicine.disease, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, respiratory tract diseases, 030104 developmental biology, lung fibrosi, Rheumatoid arthritis, Quality of Life, Antifibrotic drug, Lung Diseases, Interstitial, business
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) represents one of the most frequent extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with a deep impact on both quality of life and overall prognosis. A literature search was performed trough some electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. Areas covered: Many retrospective studies investigated the possible risk factors for RA-ILD, aiming to early identify patients at risk. Among them, male sex, smoking habit, positivity of anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies have been associated to RA-ILD, such as some genetic haplotypes. Histologic and radiologic patterns detected in idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIP) have also been observed in RA; among them, usual interstitial pneumonia is the most frequently observed, followed by nonspecific interstitial pneumonia. Since lung involvement can represent the RA onset, an early differential diagnosis with IIP can be difficult or sometimes impossible. High resolution computed tomography represents the gold standard for ILD diagnosis, while multidisciplinary discussion should be required to assess disease staging, severity and progression. Expert opinion: Management of RA-ILD patients are challenging due to the lacking of evidence-based data regarding both assessment and treatment. Moreover, the high variability of clinical presentation and evolution makes diﬃcult to establish the correct therapeutic strategy. Currently, multidisciplinary approach, including at least rheumatologists, pulmonologists, and radiologists, is desirable to define therapy and follow-up strategies.
Published: 2021

17. Reperfusion therapies and in-hospital outcomes for ST-elevation myocardial infarction in europe. the ACVC-EAPCI EORP STEMI registry of the european society of cardiology

Author: Zeymer, U., Ludman, P., Danchin, N., Kala, P., Laroche, C., Sadeghi, M., Caporale, R., Shaheen, S. M., Legutko, J., Iakobsishvili, Z., Alhabib, K. F., Motovska, Z., Studencan, M., Mimoso, J., Becker, D., Alexopoulos, D., Kereseselidze, Z., Stojkovic, S., Zelveian, P., Goda, A., Mirrakhimov, E., Bajraktari, G., Al-Farhan, H., Serpytis, P., Raungaard, B., Marandi, T., Moore, A. M., Quinn, M., Karjalainen, P. P., Tatu-Chitolu, G., Gale, C. P., Maggioni, A. P., Weidinger, F., Sinnaeve, P., Ferrari, R., Karamfilov, K., Lidon, R. -M., Kereselidze, Z., Iakobishvili, Z., Erglis, A., Kedev, S., Dudek, D., Tatu-Chitoiu, G., Shlyakhto, E., Bunc, M., Mourali, M. S., Konte, M., Larras, F., Lefrancq, E. F., Mekhaldi, S., Shuka, N., Pavli, E., Tafaj, E., Gishto, T., Dibra, A., Duka, A., Gjana, A., Kristo, A., Knuti, G., Demiraj, A., Dado, E., Hasimi, E., Simoni, L., Siqeca, M., Sisakian, H., Hayrapetyan, H., Markosyan, S., Galustyan, L., Arustamyan, N., Kzhdryan, H., Pepoyan, S., Zirkik, A., Von Lewinski, D., Paetzold, S., Kienzl, I., Matyas, K., Neunteufl, T., Nikfardjam, M., Neuhold, U., Mihalcz, A., Glaser, F., Steinwender, C., Reiter, C., Grund, M., Hrncic, D., Hoppe, U., Hammerer, M., Hinterbuchner, L., Hengstenberg, C., Delle Karth, G., Lang, I., Winkler, W., Hasun, M., Kastner, J., Havel, C., Derntl, M., Oberegger, G., Hajos, J., Adlbrecht, C., Publig, T., Leitgeb, M. -C., Wilfing, R., Jirak, P., C. -Y., Ho, Puskas, L., Schrutka, L., Spinar, J., Parenica, J., Hlinomaz, O., Fendrychova, V., Semenka, J., Sikora, J., Sitar, J., Groch, L., Rezek, M., Novak, M., Kramarikova, P., Stasek, J., Dusek, J., Zdrahal, P., Polasek, R., Karasek, J., Seiner, J., Sukova, N., Varvarovsky, I., Lazarak, T., Novotny, V., Matejka, J., Rokyta, R., Volovar, S., Belohlavek, J., Siranec, M., Kamenik, M., Kralik, R., Ravkilde, J., Jensen, S. E., Villadsen, A., Villefrance, K., Schmidt Skov, C., Maeng, M., Moeller, K., Hasan-Ali, H., Ahmed, T. A., Hassan, M., Elguindy, A., Farouk Ismail, M., Ibrahim Abd El-Aal, A., El-Sayed Gaafar, A., Magdy Hassan, H., Ahmed Shafie, M., Nabil El-Khouly, M., Bendary, A., Darwish, M., Ahmed, Y., Amin, O. A., Abdelhakim, A., Abosaif, K., Kandil, H., Galal, M. A. G., El Hefny, E. E., El Sayed, M., Aly, K., Mokarrab, M., Osman, M., Abdelhamid, M., Mantawy, S., Ali, M. R., Kaky, S. D., Khalil, V. A., Saraya, M. E. A., Talaat, A., Nabil, M., Mounir, W. M., Mahmoud, K., Aransa, A., Kazamel, G., Anwar, S., Al-Habbaa, A., Abd El Monem, M., Ismael, A., Amin Abu-Sheaishaa, M., Abd Rabou, M. M., Hammouda, T. M. A., Moaaz, M., Elkhashab, K., Ragab, T., Rashwan, A., Rmdan, A., Abdelrazek, G., Ebeid, H., Soliman Ghareeb, H., Farag, N., Zaki, M., Seleem, M., Torki, A., Youssef, M., Allah Nasser, N. A., Rafaat, A., Selim, H., Makram, M. M., Khayyal, M., Malasi, K., Madkour, A., Kolib, M., Alkady, H., Nagah, H., Yossef, M., Wafa, A., Mahfouz, E., Faheem, G., Magdy Moris, M., Ragab, A., Ghazal, M., Mabrouk, A., El-Masry, M., Naseem, M., Samir, S., Reinmets, J., Allvee, M., Saar, A., Ainla, T., Vaide, A., Kisseljova, M., Pakosta, U., Eha, J., Lotamois, K., Sia, J., Myllymaki, J., Pinola, T., Paana, T., Mikkelsson, J., Ampio, M., Tsivilasvili, J., Zurab, P., Agladze, R., Melia, A., Gogoberidze, D., Khubua, N., Totladze, L., Metreveli, I., Chikovani, A., Eitel, I., Poss, J., Werner, M., Constantz, A., Ahrens, C., Tolksdorf, H., Klinger, S., Sack, S., Heer, T., Lekakis, J., Kanakakis, I., Xenogiannis, I., Ermidou, K., Makris, N., Ntalianis, A., Katsaros, F., Revi, E., Kafkala, K., Mihelakis, E., Diakakis, G., Grammatikopoulos, K., Voutsinos, D., Xanthopoulou, I., Mplani, V., Foussas, S., Papakonstantinou, N., Patsourakos, N., Dimopoulos, A., Derventzis, A., Athanasiou, K., Vassilikos, V. 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M., Pino, R., Marzilli, M., Morrone, D., Caravelli, P., Orsini, E., Mosa, S., Piovaccari, G., Santarelli, A., Cavazza, C., Romeo, F., Fedele, F., Mancone, M., Straito, M., Salvi, N., Scarparo, P., Severino, P., Razzini, C., Massaro, G., Cinque, A., Gaudio, C., Barilla, F., Torromeo, C., Porco, L., Mei, M., Iorio, R., Nassiacos, D., Barco, B., Sinagra, G., Falco, L., Priolo, L., Perkan, A., Strana, M., Percuku, L., Berisha, G., Mziu, B., Beishenkulov, M., Abdurashidova, T., Toktosunova, A., Kaliev, K., Serpytis, R., Butkute, E., Lizaitis, M., Broslavskyte, M., Xuereb, R. G., Mercieca Balbi, M., Paris, E., Buttigieg, L., Musial, W., Dobrzycki, S., Dubicki, A., Kazimierczyk, E., Tycinska, A., Wojakowski, W., Kalanska-Lukasik, B., Ochala, A., Wanha, W., Dworowy, S., Sielski, J., Janion, M., Janion-Sadowska, A., Wojtasik-Bakalarz, J., Bryniarski, L., Peruga, J. Z., Jonczyk, M., Jankowski, L., Klecha, A., Michalowska, J., Brzezinski, M., Kozmik, T., Kowalczyk, T., Adamczuk, J., Maliszewski, M., Kuziemka, P., Plaza, P., Jaros, A., Pawelec, A., Sledz, J., Bartus, S., Zmuda, W., Bogusz, M., Wisnicki, M., Szastak, G., Adamczyk, M., Suska, M., Czunko, P., Opolski, G., Kochman, J., Tomaniak, M., Miernik, S., Paczwa, K., Witkowski, A., Opolski, M. P., Staruch, A. D., Kalarus, Z., Honisz, G., Mencel, G., Swierad, M., Podolecki, T., Marques, J., Azevedo, P., Pereira, M. 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M., Gonzalez-Cambeiro, C., Gonzalez-Babarro, E., Domingo-Del Valle, J., Royuela, N., Burgos, V., Canteli, A., Castrillo, C., Cobo, M., Ruiz, M., Abu-Assi, E., Garcia Acuna, J., Zeymer, U., Ludman, P., Danchin, N., Kala, P., Laroche, C., Sadeghi, M., Caporale, R., Shaheen, S. M., Legutko, J., Iakobsishvili, Z., Alhabib, K. F., Motovska, Z., Studencan, M., Mimoso, J., Becker, D., Alexopoulos, D., Kereseselidze, Z., Stojkovic, S., Zelveian, P., Goda, A., Mirrakhimov, E., Bajraktari, G., Al-Farhan, H., Serpytis, P., Raungaard, B., Marandi, T., Moore, A. M., Quinn, M., Karjalainen, P. P., Tatu-Chitolu, G., Gale, C. P., Maggioni, A. P., Weidinger, F., Sinnaeve, P., Ferrari, R., Karamfilov, K., Lidon, R. -M., Kereselidze, Z., Iakobishvili, Z., Erglis, A., Kedev, S., Dudek, D., Tatu-Chitoiu, G., Shlyakhto, E., Bunc, M., Mourali, M. S., Konte, M., Larras, F., Lefrancq, E. 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Z., Jonczyk, M., Jankowski, L., Klecha, A., Michalowska, J., Brzezinski, M., Kozmik, T., Kowalczyk, T., Adamczuk, J., Maliszewski, M., Kuziemka, P., Plaza, P., Jaros, A., Pawelec, A., Sledz, J., Bartus, S., Zmuda, W., Bogusz, M., Wisnicki, M., Szastak, G., Adamczyk, M., Suska, M., Czunko, P., Opolski, G., Kochman, J., Tomaniak, M., Miernik, S., Paczwa, K., Witkowski, A., Opolski, M. P., Staruch, A. D., Kalarus, Z., Honisz, G., Mencel, G., Swierad, M., Podolecki, T., Marques, J., Azevedo, P., Pereira, M. A., Gaspar, A., Monteiro, S., Goncalves, F., Leite, L., Manuel Lopes Dos Santos, W., Amado, J., Pereira, D., Silva, B., Caires, G., Neto, M., Rodrigues, R., Correia, A., Freitas, D., Lourenco, A., Ferreira, F., Sousa, F., Portugues, J., Calvo, L., Almeida, F., Alves, M., Silva, A., Caria, R., Seixo, F., Militaru, C., Ionica, E., Istratoaie, O., Florescu, M., Lipnitckaia, E., Osipova, O., Konstantinov, S., Bukatov, V., Vinokur, T., Egorova, E., Nefedova, E., Levashov, S., Gorbunova, A., Redkina, M., Karaulovskaya, N., Bijieva, F., Babich, N., Smirnova, O., Filyanin, R., Eseva, S., Kutluev, A., Chlopenova, A., Shtanko, A., Kuppar, E., Shaekhmurzina, E., Ibragimova, M., Mullahmetova, M., Chepisova, M., Kuzminykh, M., Betkaraeva, M., Namitokov, A., Khasanov, N., Baleeva, L., Galeeva, Z., Magamedkerimova, F., Ivantsov, E., Tavlueva, E., Kochergina, A., Sedykh, D., Kosmachova, E., Skibitskiy, V., Porodenko, N., Litovka, K., Ulbasheva, E., Niculina, S., Petrova, M., Harkov, E., Tsybulskaya, N., Lobanova, A., Chernova, A., Kuskaeva, A., Kuskaev, A., Ruda, M., Zateyshchikov, D., Gilarov, M., Konstantinova, E., Koroleva, O., Averkova, A., Zhukova, N., Kalimullin, D., Borovkova, N., Tokareva, A., Buyanova, M., Khaisheva, L., Pirozhenko, A., Novikova, T., Yakovlev, A., Tyurina, T., Lapshin, K., Moroshkina, N., Kiseleva, M., Fedorova, S., Krylova, L., Duplyakov, D., Semenova, Y., Rusina, A., Ryabov, V., Syrkina, A., Demianov, S., Reitblat, O., Artemchuk, A., Efremova, E., Makeeva, E., Menzorov, M., Shutov, A., Klimova, N., Shevchenko, I., Elistratova, O., Kostyuckova, O., Islamov, R., Budyak, V., Ponomareva, E., Ullah Jan, U., Alshehri, A. M., Sedky, E., Alsihati, Z., Mimish, L., Selem, A., Malik, A., Majeed, O., Altnji, I., Alshehri, M., Aref, A., Alhabib, K., Aldosary, M., Tayel, S., Abd Alrahman, M., Asfina, K. N., Abdin Hussein, G., Butt, M., Markovic Nikolic, N., Obradovic, S., Djenic, N., Brajovic, M., Davidovic, A., Romanovic, R., Novakovic, V., Dekleva, M., Spasic, M., Dzudovic, B., Jovic, Z., Cvijanovic, D., Veljkovic, S., Ivanov, I., Cankovic, M., Jarakovic, M., Kovacevic, M., Trajkovic, M., Mitov, V., Jovic, A., Hudec, M., Gombasky, M., Sumbal, J., Bohm, A., Baranova, E., Kovar, F., Samos, M., Podoba, J., Kurray, P., Obona, T., Remenarikova, A., Kollarik, B., Verebova, D., Kardosova, G., Alusik, D., Macakova, J., Kozlej, M., Bayes-Genis, A., Sionis, A., Garcia Garcia, C., Duran Cambra, A., Labata Salvador, C., Rueda Sobella, F., Sans Rosello, J., Vila Perales, M., Oliveras Vila, T., Ferrer Massot, M., Baneras, J., Lekuona, I., Zugazabeitia, G., Fernandez-Ortiz, A., Viana Tejedor, A., Ferrera, C., Alvarez, V., DIaz-Castro, O., Agra-Bermejo, R. M., Gonzalez-Cambeiro, C., Gonzalez-Babarro, E., Domingo-Del Valle, J., Royuela, N., Burgos, V., Canteli, A., Castrillo, C., Cobo, M., Ruiz, M., Abu-Assi, E., and Garcia Acuna, J.
Subjects: Registrie, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Cardiology, Myocardial Reperfusion, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, Hospital, 0302 clinical medicine, Reperfusion therapy, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Internal medicine, Fibrinolysis, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Registries, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Observational studies, observational studies, reperfusion therapy, business.industry, Mortality rate, Primary percutaneous coronary intervention, ST-elevation myocardial infarction, Europe, Hospitals, Treatment Outcome, ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Percutaneous coronary intervention, medicine.disease, primary percutaneous coronary intervention, Observational studie, 3. Good health, Prospective Studie, Cohort, Conventional PCI, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Human
Abstract: Aims The aim of this study was to determine the contemporary use of reperfusion therapy in the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) member and affiliated countries and adherence to ESC clinical practice guidelines in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods and results Prospective cohort (EURObservational Research Programme STEMI Registry) of hospitalized STEMI patients with symptom onset Conclusions The use of reperfusion therapy for STEMI in the ESC member and affiliated countries was high. Primary PCI was the most frequently used treatment and associated total in-hospital mortality was below 5%. However, there was geographic variation in the use of primary PCI, which was associated with differences in in-hospital mortality.
Published: 2021

18. Cutaneous Localization of Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma Associated with Mycosis Fungoides: Report of a Rare Event and Review of the Literature

Author: Magda Zanelli, Stefano Ricci, Riccardo Valli, Francesca Sanguedolce, Alessandro Tafuni, Caterina Longo, Stefano Ascani, Maria Isabel Alvarez De Celis, Enrico Farnetti, Alberto Cavazza, Maurizio Zizzo, and Andrea Palicelli
Subjects: Mycosis fungoides, medicine.medical_specialty, skin, Science, Case Report, macromolecular substances, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Advanced disease, polycyclic compounds, Medicine, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, classic Hodgkin lymphoma, Event (probability theory), Skin, business.industry, mycosis fungoides, Paleontology, food and beverages, medicine.disease, Dermatology, Classic Hodgkin lymphoma, Space and Planetary Science, Hodgkin lymphoma, Clinicopathological features, business
Abstract: Mycosis fungoides and nodal classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) have been reported to occur concurrently or sequentially in the same patient. A long-lasting mycosis fungoides more often precedes the onset of nodal cHL, although few cases of nodal cHL followed by mycosis fungoides have been observed. Skin involvement is a rare manifestation of cHL that may be observed in the setting of advanced disease. The decrease in skin involvement in cHL is mainly due to the improved therapeutic strategies. The concurrent presence of mycosis fungoides and cutaneous localization of classic Hodgkin lymphoma represents a very uncommon event, with only two cases reported so far. Herein, we describe the case of a 71-year-old man, with a history of recurrent nodal cHL, who developed MF and, subsequently, the cutaneous localization of cHL. The clinicopathological features of the two diseases are described focusing on the main differential diagnoses to be taken into consideration, and a review of the literature is performed.
Published: 2021

19. Lung complications of Sjogren syndrome

Author: Marco Sebastiani, Carlo Salvarani, Nicola Sverzellati, Fabrizio Luppi, Andreina Teresa Manfredi, Alberto Cavazza, Luppi, F, Sebastiani, M, Sverzellati, N, Cavazza, A, Salvarani, C, and Manfredi, A
Subjects: Lung Diseases, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Pleural effusion, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Respiratory function, Cause of death, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, lcsh:RC705-779, Lung, business.industry, Interstitial lung disease, lcsh:Diseases of the respiratory system, respiratory system, medicine.disease, Sjogren syndrome, interstitial lung disease, bronchiolitis, xerotrachea, respiratory tract diseases, Clinical trial, stomatognathic diseases, Sjogren's Syndrome, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030228 respiratory system, chemistry, Bronchiolitis, Nintedanib, business
Abstract: Primary Sjogren syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterised by lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands and by a number of systemic manifestations, including those regarding the lung. Pulmonary involvement in pSS includes interstitial lung disease (ILD) and airway disease, together with lymphoproliferative disorders.Patients with pSS-ILD report impaired health-related quality of life and a higher risk of death, suggesting the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of this type of pulmonary involvement. In contrast, airway disease usually has little effect on respiratory function and is rarely the cause of death in these patients.More rare disorders can be also identified, such as pleural effusion, cysts or bullae.Up to date, available data do not allow us to establish an evidence-based treatment strategy in pSS-ILD. No data are available regarding which patients should be treated, the timing to start therapy and better therapeutic options. The lack of knowledge about the natural history and prognosis of pSS-ILD is the main limitation to the development of clinical trials or shared recommendations on this topic. However, a recent trial showed the efficacy of the antifibrotic drug nintedanib in slowing progression of various ILDs, including those in pSS patients.
Published: 2020

20. T-Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma Arising in the Setting of Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms with Eosinophilia: LMO2 Immunohistochemistry as a Potentially Useful Diagnostic Marker

Author: Elena Sabattini, Maurizio Zizzo, Daniela Fanni, Raffaella Santi, Giuseppe Gaetano Loscocco, Alessandro Giunta, Francesca Sanguedolce, Cristina Mecucci, Magda Zanelli, Cecilia Caprera, Cristiana Rossi, Stefano Pileri, Alessandro M. Vannucchi, Luigi Panico, Alberto Cavazza, Alessandra Soriano, and Stefano Ascani
Subjects: LMO2, Cancer Research, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Myeloid, Context (language use), lymphoma, PDGFRA, FGFR1, PCM1-JAK2, PDGFRB, T-cell, eosinophilia, lymphoblastic, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Medicine, Eosinophilia, RC254-282, business.industry, Lymphoblastic lymphoma, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, medicine.disease, Lymphoma, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Immunohistochemistry, medicine.symptom, business, 030215 immunology
Abstract: Simple Summary Rarely, T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) may develop in the setting of myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia. Given important therapeutic implications, it is crucial to identify T-LBL arising in this particular context. LIM domain only 2 (LMO2) is known to be overexpressed in almost all sporadic T-LBL and not in immature TdT-positive T-cells in the thymus and in indolent T-lymphoblastic proliferations. We retrospectively evaluated the clinical, morphological, immunohistochemical and molecular features of 11 cases of T-LBL occurring in the setting of myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and investigated the immunohistochemical expression of LMO2 in this setting of T-LBL. Interestingly, 9/11 cases were LMO2 negative, with only 2 cases showing partial expression. In our study, we would suggest that LMO2 immunostaining, as part of the diagnostic panel for T-LBL, may represent a useful marker to identify T-LBL developing in the context of myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia. Abstract Background: Rarely, T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) may develop in the setting of myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia (M/LNs-Eo), a group of diseases with gene fusion resulting in overexpression of an aberrant tyrosine kinase or cytokine receptor. The correct identification of this category has relevant therapeutic implications. LIM domain only 2 (LMO2) is overexpressed in most T-LBL, but not in immature TdT-positive T-cells in the thymus and in indolent T-lymphoblastic proliferations (iT-LBP). Methods and Results: We retrospectively evaluated 11 cases of T-LBL occurring in the context of M/LNs-Eo. Clinical, histological, immunohistochemical and molecular features were collected and LMO2 immunohistochemical staining was performed. The critical re-evaluation of these cases confirmed the diagnosis of T-LBL with morphological, immunohistochemical and molecular features consistent with T-LBL occurring in M/LNs-Eo. Interestingly, LMO2 immunohistochemical analysis was negative in 9/11 cases, whereas only 2 cases revealed a partial LMO2 expression with a moderate and low degree of intensity, respectively. Conclusions: LMO2 may represent a potentially useful marker to identify T-LBL developing in the context of M/LNs-Eo. In this setting, T-LBL shows LMO2 immunohistochemical profile overlapping with cortical thymocytes and iT-LBP, possibly reflecting different molecular patterns involved in the pathogenesis of T-LBL arising in the setting of M/LNs-Eo.
Published: 2021
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21. Efficient Electrochemical CO2/CO Interconversion by an Engineered Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenase on a Gas-Diffusion Carbon Nanotube-Based Bioelectrode

Author: Julien Pérard, Clara Rinaldi, Christine Cavazza, Bruno Guigliarelli, Umberto Contaldo, Alan Le Goff, BioEnergie et Environnement (BEE), Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux (LCBM - UMR 5249), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Département de Chimie Moléculaire - Biosystèmes Electrochimiques et Analytiques (DCM - BEA ), Département de Chimie Moléculaire (DCM), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines (BIP ), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-11-LABX-0003,ARCANE,Grenoble, une chimie bio-motivée(2011), ANR-17-EURE-0003,CBH-EUR-GS,CBH-EUR-GS(2017), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and Département de Chimie Moléculaire - Bioélectrochimie pour les capteurs, l’énergie et les nanomatériaux (DCM - BioCEN)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, bioelectrocatalysis, Inorganic chemistry, carbon monoxide dehydrogenase, Overpotential, 010402 general chemistry, Electrochemistry, 01 natural sciences, Catalysis, medicine, [PHYS]Physics [physics], biology, carbon nanotubes, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, Rhodospirillum rubrum, Active site, General Chemistry, [CHIM.CATA]Chemical Sciences/Catalysis, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, biology.organism_classification, 0104 chemical sciences, Turnover number, Bioelectrochemistry, biology.protein, nickel enzymes, EPR, Carbon monoxide dehydrogenase, CO2 RR
Abstract: International audience; Carbon monoxide dehydrogenase catalyzes the reversible oxidation of CO to CO2. The monofunctional enzyme from Rhodospirillum rubrum (RrCODH) has been extensively characterized in the past, although its use and investigation by bioelectrochemistry have been limited. Here, we developed a heterologous system yielding a highly stable and active recombinant RrCODH in one-step purification, with CO oxidation activity reaching a maximum of 26 500 U.mg(-1), making RrCODH the most active CODH under ambient conditions described so far. Electron paramagnetic resonance was used to precisely characterize the recombinant RrCODH, demonstrating the integrity of the active site. Selective CO2/CO interconversion with maximum turnover frequencies of 150 s(-1) for CO oxidation (1.5 mA cm(-2) at 250 mV overpotential) and 420 s(-1) for CO2 reduction (4.2 mA cm(-2) at 180 mV overpotential) is catalyzed by the recombinant RrCODH immobilized on MWCNT electrodes modified with 1-pyrenebutyric acid adamantyl amide (MWCNTADA), either in a classic three-electrode cell or in specifically designed CO2/CO-diffusing electrodes. This functional device is stable for hours with a turnover number of at least 800 000. The performances of recombinant RrCODH-modified MWCNTADA are close to the best metal-based and molecular-based catalysts. These results greatly increase the benchmark for bioelectrocatalysis of reversible CO2 conversion.
Published: 2021

22. Multicenter observational study on the reliability of the HEART score

Author: Lucio Brugioni, Laura Bonfanti, Nicola Parenti, Giuseppe Lippi, Maria Letizia Bacchi Reggiani, Alberto Vegetti, Antonello Pietrangelo, Gianfranco Cervellin, Antonio Luciani, and Mario Cavazza
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Acute coronary syndrome, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Emergency Nursing, Chest pain, 03 medical and health sciences, HEART score, 0302 clinical medicine, Cohen's kappa, Emergency service, hospital, medicine, hospital, Reliability (statistics), business.industry, Medical record, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Emergency department, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, HEART pathway, Emergency Medicine, Physical therapy, Observational study, Original Article, medicine.symptom, business, Emergency service
Abstract: Objective To rapidly and safely identify the risk of developing acute coronary syndrome in patients with chest pain who present to the emergency department, the clinical use of the History, Electrocardiogram, Age, Risk Factors, and Troponin (HEART) scoring has recently been proposed. This study aimed to assess the inter-rater reliability of the HEART score calculated by a large number of Italian emergency physicians. Methods The study was conducted in three academic emergency departments using clinical scenarios obtained from medical records of patients with chest pain. Twenty physicians, who took the HEART score course, independently assigned a score to different clinical scenarios, which were randomly administered to the participants, and data were collected and recorded in a spreadsheet by an independent investigator who was blinded to the study's aim. Results After applying the exclusion criteria, 53 scenarios were finally included in the analysis. The general inter-rater reliability was good (kappa statistics [κ], 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.57 to 0.70), and a good inter-rater agreement for the high- and low-risk classes (HEART score, 7 to 10 and 0 to 3, respectively; κ, 0.60 to 0.73) was observed, whereas a moderate agreement was found for the intermediate-risk class (HEART score, 4 to 6; κ, 0.51). Among the different items of the HEART score, history and electrocardiogram had the worse agreement (κ, 0.37 and 0.42, respectively). Conclusion The HEART score had good inter-rater reliability, particularly among the high- and low-risk classes. The modest agreement for history suggests that major improvements are needed for objectively assessing this component.
Published: 2019

23. Critical reappraisal of underlying histological patterns in patients with suspected idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Author: Giulio Rossi and Alberto Cavazza
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Biopsy, Less invasive, Reproducibility of Results, respiratory system, medicine.disease, Lung pathology, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, respiratory tract diseases, Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, Text mining, X ray computed, Humans, Medicine, Interstitial pneumonia, In patient, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business, Lung
Abstract: Usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern is the histologic marker of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but usefulness of ancillary histologic findings may discriminate idiopathic from secondary UIP.Alternative less invasive procedures may identify UIP pattern preventing conventional surgical lung biopsy, whereas genomic analysis may recognize UIP pattern from otherwise poorly diagnostic samples.High-resolution computed tomography identifies a 'definite' UIP pattern in about half of cases, failing to recognize UIP in the absence of honeycombing or in limited disease. Although radiologic criteria for UIP need redefinition to improve their diagnostic yield, histologic features of UIP did not significantly change from the 1960s but continue to represent a major diagnostic tool, particularly in challenging interstitial lung diseases. A careful recognition of some histologic ancillary findings in UIP (e.g., cellular/follicular bronchiolitis with germinal centers, chronic pleuritis, interstitial granulomas/giant cells, bridging fibrosis) may be helpful in supporting secondary forms (e.g., connective tissue disease, chronic hypersensitivity pneumonia) from IPF. Cryobiopsy and awake-biopsy are promising approaches to obtain representative lung tissue preventing conventional surgical lung biopsy. Genomic techniques have recently demonstrated good-to-high sensitivity and specificity to disclose UIP pattern starting from RNA obtained in transbronchial biopsy, possibly replacing and/or flanking soon traditional histology.
Published: 2019

24. When the diagnosis of mesothelioma challenges textbooks and guidelines

Author: Venerino Poletti, Filippo Lococo, Alberto Cavazza, Giulio Rossi, and Fabio Davoli
Subjects: Mesothelioma, medicine.medical_specialty, Histology, media_common.quotation_subject, Review, Routine practice, 03 medical and health sciences, Presentation, 0302 clinical medicine, Settore MED/21 - CHIRURGIA TORACICA, medicine, BAP1, Intensive care medicine, Cell block, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Gold standard, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Immunohistochemistry, Diagnostic intent, Clinical Practice, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Medicine, Pleura, Differential diagnosis, business, Cytology
Abstract: The diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma (MPM) does not pose difficulties when presenting with usual clinico-radiologic features and morphology. Pathology textbooks and national/international guidelines generally describe the findings of classic MPM, underlining common clinical presentation, the gold standard of sampling techniques, usual morphologic variants, immunohistochemical results of several positive and negative primary antibodies in the differential diagnosis, and the role of novel molecular markers. Nevertheless, MPM often does not follow the golden rules in routine practice, while the literature generally does not sufficiently emphasize unusual features of its manifestation. This gap may potentially create problems for patients in sustaining a difficult diagnosis of MPM in clinical practice and during legal disputes. Indeed, the guidelines accidentally tend to favor the job of lawyers and pathologists defending asbestos-producing industries against patients suffering from MPM characterized by uncommon features. The current review is aimed at underlining the wide spectrum of clinical and radiological presentation of MPM, the possibility to consistently use cytology for diagnostic intent, the aberrant immunohistochemical expression using so-called specific negative and positive primary antibodies, and finally proposing some alternative and more unbiased approaches to the diagnosis of MPM.
Published: 2021

25. Histological confidence of transbronchial cryobiopsy in interstitial lung diseases is influenced by sample size

Author: Enrique Lerma, Alessandra Dubini, Michael Kreuter, Falko Fend, Venerino Poletti, Maik Häntschel, Sara Tomassetti, Dirk Theegarten, Thomas V. Colby, Simon L.F. Walsh, Sara Piciucchi, Ralf Eberhardt, Regina Musterle, Kaid Darwiche, Virginia Pajares, Katja Stiebeling, Claudia Ravaglia, Marius Horger, Claus Peter Heussel, Michael Böckeler, Alberto Cavazza, Arne Warth, Johny Verschakelen, Athol U. Wells, Alfons Torrego, Jürgen Hetzel, Tomás Franquet, Werner Spengler, and Ulrich Costabel
Subjects: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Lung, medicine.anatomical_structure, business.industry, Sample size determination, Medizin, Medicine, business
Published: 2021

26. Reflections on the importance of cost of illness analysis in rare diseases: a proposal

Author: Yllka Kodra, Marianna Cavazza, Domenica Taruscio, Patrizio Armeni, and Entela Xoxi
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Technology Assessment, Biomedical, Cystic Fibrosis, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Cost-Benefit Analysis, lcsh:Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Indirect costs, 0302 clinical medicine, Cost of illness, Medicine, Humans, RARE DISEASES, SOCIAL ECONOMIC BURDEN, COST OF ILLNESS, HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT, 030212 general & internal medicine, Intensive care medicine, Disease burden, HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT, business.industry, 030503 health policy & services, lcsh:R, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Health technology, SOCIAL ECONOMIC BURDEN, Robust design, Cost driver, Economic evaluation, Commentary, COST OF ILLNESS, 0305 other medical science, business, RARE DISEASES, Rare disease
Abstract: In the field of rare diseases (RDs), the evidence standard is often lower than that required by health technology assessment (HTA) and payer authorities. In this commentary, we propose that appropriate economic evaluation for rare disease treatments should be initially informed by cost-of-illness (COI) studies conducted using a societal perspective. Such an approach contributes to improving countries’ understanding of RDs in their entirety as societal and not merely clinical, or product-specific issues. In order to exemplify how the disease burden’s distribution has changed over the last fifteen years, key COI studies for Hemophilia, Fragile X Syndrome, Cystic Fibrosis, and Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis are examined. Evidence shows that, besides methodological variability and cross-country differences, the disease burden’s share represented by direct costs generally grows over time as novel treatments become available. Hence, to support effective decision-making processes, it seems necessary to assess the re-allocation of the burden produced by new medicinal products, and this approach requires identifying cost drivers through COI studies with robust design and standardized methodology.
Published: 2021

27. Laboratory testing in the emergency department: an Italian Society of Clinical Biochemistry and Clinical Molecular Biology (SIBioC) and Academy of Emergency Medicine and Care (AcEMC) consensus report

Author: Paolo Carraro, Daniele Coen, Laura Bonfanti, Davide Giavarina, Mauro Panteghini, Mario Cavazza, Ferruccio Ceriotti, Ciro Paolillo, Marcello Ciaccio, Giorgio Ricci, Giuseppe Lippi, Mario Plebani, Fabrizio Giostra, Gianfranco Cervellin, Ivo Casagranda, Sergio Bernardini, Lippi, Giuseppe, Panteghini, Mauro, Bernardini, Sergio, Bonfanti, Laura, Carraro, Paolo, Casagranda, Ivo, Cavazza, Mario, Ceriotti, Ferruccio, Ciaccio, Marcello, Coen, Daniele, Giavarina, Davide, Giostra, Fabrizio, Paolillo, Ciro, Plebani, Mario, Ricci, Giorgio, and Cervellin, Gianfranco
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, 030213 general clinical medicine, Consensus, Clinical Biochemistry, MEDLINE, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Laboratory testing, Clinical biochemistry, Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Reference Values, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Humans, National level, Consensus document, Creatine Kinase, Societies, Medical, lcsh:R5-920, business.industry, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Settore BIO/12, Mean value, Biochemistry (medical), Diagnostic test, Emergency department, Urgent testing, Venous Thromboembolism, General Medicine, Reference values, Family medicine, consensus document, emergency medicine, laboratory testing, urgent testing, Emergency medicine, Wounds and Injuries, business, lcsh:Medicine (General), Emergency Service, Hospital
Abstract: Background: The mainstay of patient-oriented laboratory testing in emergency settings entails selecting a number and the type of tests according to valid criteria of appropriateness. Since the pattern of urgent tests requesting is variable across different institutions, we designed a joined survey between the Academy of Emergency Medicine and Care (AcEMC) and the Italian Society of Clinical Biochemistry and Clinical Molecular Biology (SIBioC) for reaching tentative consensus about the most informative diagnostic tests in emergency settings. Methods: A survey, containing the most commonly ordered urgent laboratory tests and the relative clinical indications, was disseminated to eight relevant members of AcEMC and eight relevant members of SIBioC. All contributors were asked to provide numerical scores for the different laboratory parameters, where 1 indicated “strongly recommended”, 2 “recommended in specific circumstances”, and 3 “strongly discouraged”. The mean results of the survey were presented as the mean of responders’ values, and the parameters were finally classified as “strongly recommended” (mean value, 1.00–1.49), “weakly recommended” (mean value, 1.50–1.99), “discouraged” (mean value, 2.00–2.49) and “strongly discouraged” (mean value, 2.50–3.00). Results: The results of the survey allowed defining a hierarchy of priority, wherein 24 tests were “strongly recommended”. The use of five common tests was instead “strongly discouraged”. For 16 additional parameters in the list, the consensus ranged between “weakly recommended” and “discouraged”. Conclusions: We hope that results presented in this joint AcEMC-SIBioC consensus document may help harmonizing panel of tests and requesting patterns in emergency setting, at least at a national level.
Published: 2017

28. CD3 immunohistochemistry is helpful in the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis

Author: Francesco Ciccia, Angelo Ferrante, Giuliana Guggino, Carlo Salvarani, Alberto Cavazza, Aroldo Rizzo, Ciccia F., Ferrante A., Guggino G., Cavazza A., Salvarani C., Rizzo A., Ciccia, F., Ferrante, A., Guggino, G., Cavazza, A., Salvarani, C., and Rizzo, A.
Subjects: giant cell arteriti, Male, Photomicrography, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, CD3 Complex, Biopsy, Giant Cell Arteritis, Haematoxylin, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Rheumatology, Retrospective Studie, Positive predicative value, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, Retrospective Studies, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, Aged, 80 and over, medicine.diagnostic_test, Eosin, business.industry, Biomarker, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, CD3, Immunohistochemistry, Staining, Temporal Arteries, diagnosi, Settore MED/16 - Reumatologia, Giant cell arteritis, chemistry, ROC Curve, Biomarkers, Female, business, Immunostaining, Human
Abstract: Objective. To evaluate whether CD3 staining performed routinely on temporal artery biopsy specimens might improve the sensitivity of temporal artery biopsy in patients with biopsy-negative GCA. Methods. Two hundred and seventy biopsies were considered for this study, stained with haematoxylin and eosin and with an anti-CD3 antibody. Results. The addition of CD3 staining modified the sensibility and the specificity of the histologic examination in 89.47 and 95.00%, respectively, with a positive and negative predictive values of 97.00 and 79.78%. Conclusion. The addition of CD3 immunostaining to the classic histologic evaluation is accompanied by a significant increase in the sensibility with a comparable specificity. The Author(s) 2018.
Published: 2018

29. Diagnostic imaging for acute abdominal pain in an Emergency Department in Italy

Author: Mario Cavazza, Franco Bazzoli, Amanda Vestito, Rocco Maurizio Zagari, Leonardo Henry Eusebi, Filippo Maria Verardi, Sonia Guarino, Giovanni Marasco, A. Romiti, Marasco, Giovanni, Verardi, Filippo Maria, Eusebi, Leonardo Henry, Guarino, Sonia, Romiti, Alessandra, Vestito, Amanda, Bazzoli, Franco, Cavazza, Mario, and Zagari, Rocco Maurizio
Subjects: Adult, Diagnostic Imaging, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Acute abdominal pain, Non-traumatic acute abdominal pain, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Biliary colic, Imaging, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Ultrasound, Internal Medicine, medicine, Medical imaging, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Ultrasonography, Adult patients, Emergency department, business.industry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Abdominal Pain, Bowel obstruction, Radiography, Italy, Radiological weapon, Emergency Medicine, Female, Radiology, medicine.symptom, business, Emergency Service, Hospital, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Abstract: Imaging plays a key role in the diagnostic work-up of patients with non-traumatic acute abdominal pain (AAP) in emergency department (ED). We aimed to evaluate the use and diagnostic performance of imaging techniques in adult patients with AAP in an ED in Italy. Patients with non-traumatic AAP admitted at the ED of S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital of Bologna (Italy) from the 1st to the 30th November 2016 were included. Demographic and clinical data, data on radiological procedures and discharge diagnosis were collected. Sensitivity and specificity for detecting acute diseases were assessed using the discharge diagnosis from the ED as reference standard. Of the 578 patients (female 52.8%, mean age 51.3years) admitted to the ED for AAP, 433 (74.9%) underwent abdominal imaging. The most frequent techniques used were abdominal plain radiography and ultrasonography (US), performed in 38.4% and 37.9% of patients, respectively, followed by computed tomography (CT) in 28% of patients. Plain radiography yielded a sensitivity of 28% and specificity of 91.1%; the sensitivity increased to 79.4% in patients with small bowel obstruction. Ultrasonography's sensitivity and specificity were 61.8% and 98.4%, respectively; the sensitivity of US reached 85.2% and 90% in patients with acute cholecystitis/biliary colic and urolithiasis, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of CT were 87.8% and 92.9%, respectively. Plain radiography is still overused in the diagnostic work-up of AAP in ED in Italy, despite its unsatisfactory sensitivity. Ultrasonography and CT has a higher sensitivity and should be used as first-level imaging in most patients.
Published: 2019

30. Poor concordance between sequential transbronchial lung cryobiopsy and surgical lung biopsy in the diagnosis of diffuse interstitial lung diseases

Author: Isabelle Vachier, Alberto Cavazza, Jean Pierre Mallet, Maurizio Zompatori, Isabelle Serre, Giorgia Dalpiaz, Carey M. Suehs, Alessandra Cancellieri, Paul Reynaud, Nicolas Molinari, Jean Philippe Berthet, Andrea Dell’Amore, Rocco Trisolini, Arnaud Bourdin, Giampiero Dolci, Thomas V. Colby, Laurence Solovei, Stefano Nava, Aldo Guerrieri, Anne Sophie Gamez, Micaela Romagnoli, Sébastien Bommart, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Mayo Clinic [Scottsdale], Mayo Clinic, Service de chirurgie thoracique et cardio-vasculaire, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Département pneumologie et addictologie [Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Maggiore and S'Orsola-Malpighi hospital, Bologna, Italy., Dept of Oncology and Advanced Technologies - Operative Unit of Oncology, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova (ASMN), S. Maria Nuova Hospital-I.R.C.C.S., Univ Bologna, Bellaria hospital, Radiology, Bologna, Italy., Università di Bologna, Malpighi Hospital, Centres de Ressources et de Compétences de la Mucoviscidose [Montpellier] (CRCM [Montpellier]), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve-Service des Maladies Respiratoires, Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Institut Montpelliérain Alexander Grothendieck (IMAG), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Romagnoli M., Colby T.V., Berthet J.-P., Gamez A.S., Mallet J.-P., Serre I., Cancellieri A., Cavazza A., Solovei L., Dell'Amore A., Dolci G., Guerrieri A., Reynaud P., Bommart S., Zompatori M., Dalpiaz G., Nava S., Trisolini R., Suehs C.M., Vachier I., Molinari N., and Bourdin A.
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Lung Diseases, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Concordance, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biopsy, Diagnostic concordance, Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, Lung biopsy, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Cryosurgery, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Bronchoscopy, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.AHA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Tomography, Aged, Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosi, Lung, Multidisciplinary approach, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Lung histology, Interstitial lung disease, respiratory system, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, respiratory tract diseases, 3. Good health, X-Ray Computed, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030228 respiratory system, Deep sedation, Female, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Lung Diseases, Interstitial, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Radiology, business, Interstitial
Abstract: International audience; Rationale: The diagnostic concordance between transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC)—versus surgical lung biopsy (SLB) as the current gold standard—in interstitial lung disease (ILD) cases requiring histology remains controversial.Objectives: To assess diagnostic concordance between TBLC and SLB sequentially performed in the same patients, the diagnostic yield of both techniques, and subsequent changes in multidisciplinary assessment (MDA) decisions.Methods: A two-center prospective study included patients with ILD with a nondefinite usual interstitial pneumonia pattern (on high-resolution computed tomography scan) confirmed at a first MDA. Patients underwent TBLC immediately followed by video-assisted thoracoscopy for SLB at the same anatomical locations. After open reading of both sample types by local pathologists and final diagnosis at a second MDA (MDA2), anonymized TBLC and SLB slides were blindly assessed by an external expert pathologist (T.V.C.). Kappa-concordance coefficients and percentage agreement were computed for: TBLC versus SLB, MDA2 versus TBLC, MDA2 versus SLB, and blinded pathology versus routine pathology.Measurements and Main Results: Twenty-one patients were included. The median TBLC biopsy size (longest axis) was 7 mm (interquartile range, 5–8 mm). SLB biopsy sizes averaged 46.1 ± 13.8 mm. Concordance coefficients and percentage agreement were: TBLC versus SLB: κ = 0.22 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01–0.44), percentage agreement = 38% (95% CI, 18–62%); MDA2 versus TBLC: κ = 0.31 (95% CI, 0.06–0.56), percentage agreement = 48% (95% CI, 26–70)%; MDA2 versus SLB: κ = 0.51 (95% CI, 0.27–0.75), percentage agreement = 62% (95% CI, 38–82%); two pneumothoraces (9.5%) were recorded during TBLC. TBLC would have led to a different treatment if SLB was not performed in 11 of 21 (52%) of cases.Conclusions: Pathological results from TBLC and SLB were poorly concordant in the assessment of ILD. SLBs were more frequently concordant with the final diagnosis retained at MDA
Published: 2019

31. Clinical Relevance of Subcentimetric Lymph Node Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Ocular Sarcoidosis

Author: Roberto Borrelli, Carlo Salvarani, Elena Bolletta, Fabrizio Gozzi, Cristian Rapicetta, Alberto Cavazza, Alessandro Invernizzi, Tommaso Ricchetti, Nicolò Pipitone, Giovanni Musci, Filippo Lo Coco, Massimiliano Paci, Lucia Spaggiari, Giulia Besutti, Raffaella Aldigeri, Valentina Mastrofilippo, Luca Cimino, and Luca De Simone
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Delayed Diagnosis, Sarcoidosis, Biopsy, Lymph node biopsy, Ocular sarcoidosis, sarcoid uveitis, Mediastinoscopy, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Humans, biopsy, Clinical significance, mediastinoscopy, Retrospective Studies, Endophthalmitis, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Ophthalmology, Radiology, Lymph, Lymph Nodes, business
Abstract: Purpose To evaluate the clinical relevance of subcentimetric lymph node biopsy via mediastinoscopy in patients with presumed ocular sarcoidosis (OS). Methods Retrospective study of consecutive patients who underwent biopsy via mediastinoscopy for suspected OS. The biopsy outcomes and clinical features of patients with subcentimetric nodes and of those with lymph nodes >1 cm were compared. Results A total of 67 patients with presumed OS were included. Forty-two patients (63%) had lymph nodes ≥1 cm in diameter, while 25(37%) showed subcentimetric lymph nodes. Biopsy was consistent with sarcoidosis in 83% of patients with lymph nodes ≥1 cm and in 76% of patients with subcentimetric lymph nodes (p = .60). Patients with OS who had subcentimetric lymph nodes had less lymphopenia (p = .01), lower lysozyme values (p = .03) and a longer diagnostic delay compared to those with larger lymph nodes. Conclusions The biopsy of subcentimetric lymph nodes via mediastinoscopy may provide a histological diagnosis and reduce diagnostic delay.
Published: 2020

32. Clinical management implications of histologic information provided by lung biopsy in the multidisciplinary evaluation of interstitial lung diseases

Author: Federico Lavorini, Jay H. Ryu, Venerino Poletti, Mauro Pavone, Silvia Puglisi, Carlo Vancheri, Sara Piciucchi, Thomas V. Colby, Giulio Rossi, Alessandra Dubini, Sara Tomassetti, Athol U. Wells, Antonella Arcadu, Elisabetta Rosi, Alberto Cavazza, and Claudia Ravaglia
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Lung, medicine.anatomical_structure, Management implications, business.industry, Multidisciplinary approach, Medicine, Radiology, Lung biopsy, business
Published: 2020

33. A case series of non-valvular cardiac aspergillosis in critically ill solid organ transplant and non-transplant patients and systematic review

Author: Georg Auzinger, Annalan M D Navaratnam, Anna Cavazza, and M Al-Freah
Subjects: Voriconazole, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Critically ill, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Critical Care Nursing, Aspergillosis, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Intensive care, medicine, cardiovascular system, Pericardium, Transplant patient, Intensive care medicine, business, Solid organ transplantation, Review Articles, Endocardium, medicine.drug
Abstract: Introduction Non-valvular cardiac aspergillosis is a rare infection of the pericardium, myocardium or endocardium and is associated with a high mortality. There is a paucity of reports of non-valvular cardiac aspergillosis in critically ill and solid organ transplant (SOT) patients. The majority of cases have been reported in haemato-oncology patients, some of whom have undergone a bone marrow transplant. Objectives We describe four cases affected by non-valvular cardiac aspergillosis in the intensive care setting including a systematic review of this extremely rare infection which is associated with high mortality. Results All four-patients died but presented with varying clinical, radiological and microbiological evidence of the disease. Three patients presented following complications after solid organ transplantation, two in the context of acute liver failure and emergency liver transplant and one several years after a double lung transplant. The last patient presented with necrotising gall stone pancreatitis, multi-organ failure and subsequently a prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay. On review of the literature, January 1955 to July 2019, 45 cases were identified, with different risk factors, clinical and radiological manifestations, treatment regimen and outcome. Conclusion Antemortem diagnosis of cardiac aspergillosis is difficult and rare, with no cases reporting positive blood culture results. Galactomannan serology has poor sensitivity in solid organ transplant patients, further reduced by prophylactic antimicrobial treatment, which is common in the ICU setting especially post-transplant patients. Due to the scarcity of cases, treatment is extrapolated from invasive aspergillosis management, with emphasis on early treatment with combination therapy.
Published: 2020

34. An Italian registry of chest pain patients in the emergency department: clinical predictors of acute coronary syndrome

Author: Andrea Orsi, Maria Antonietta Bressan, Mario Cavazza, Cecilia Trucchi, Alessio Bertini, Silvia Caristia, Stefania Longo, Luca Molinari, Gian Carlo Avanzi, Ballarino P, Luigi Mario Castello, Paolo Moscatelli, Filippo Patrucco, Mauro Gallitelli, Laura Bonfanti, Filippo Ansaldi, Rossella Marino, Giuseppe Carpinteri, Francesco Gavelli, Fiorella Altomonte, Pier Paolo Sainaghi, Paola Noto, Paolo Cremonesi, Salvatore Di Somma, and Gianfranco Cervellin
Subjects: Male, Chest Pain, medicine.medical_specialty, Acute coronary syndrome, Population, Chest pain, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Registries, Myocardial infarction, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Prospective cohort study, education, Aged, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Age Factors, General Medicine, Emergency department, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Italy, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cohort, Regression Analysis, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, medicine.symptom, Emergency Service, Hospital, business
Abstract: BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to describe the population of patients arriving in several Italian Emergency Departments (EDs) complaining of chest pain suggestive of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in order to evaluate the incidence of ACS in this cohort and the association between ACS and different clinical parameters and risk factors. METHODS This is an observational prospective study, conducted from the 1st January to the 31st December 2014 in 11 EDs in Italy. Patients presenting to ED with chest pain, suggestive of ACS, were consecutively enrolled. RESULTS Patients with a diagnosis of ACS (N.=1800) resulted to be statistically significant older than those without ACS (NO ACS; N.=4630) (median age: 70 vs. 59, P
Published: 2020

35. Histopathologic Assessment of Suspected Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Where We Are and Where We Need to Go

Author: Henry D. Tazelaar, Anja C. Roden, Alberto Cavazza, Jun Fukuoka, Mari Mino-Kenudson, Kirk D. Jones, Wendy A Cooper, Maxwell L. Smith, Thomas V. Colby, Lynette M. Sholl, Mary Beth Beasley, Sanja Dacic, Alain C. Borczuk, Lida P. Hariri, Annabelle Mahar, Richard Attanoos, Andrew Churg, Brandon T. Larsen, and Kevin O. Leslie
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Biopsy, MEDLINE, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, 0302 clinical medicine, Usual interstitial pneumonia, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Pulmonary pathology, Intensive care medicine, Lung, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Interstitial lung disease, General Medicine, Guideline, respiratory system, medicine.disease, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Pathologists, Medical Laboratory Technology, 030228 respiratory system, Practice Guidelines as Topic, business, Lung Diseases, Interstitial
Abstract: Context.—Accurate diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) requires multidisciplinary diagnosis that includes clinical, radiologic, and often pathologic assessment. In 2018, the American Thoracic Society, European Respiratory Society, Japanese Respiratory Society, and the Latin American Thoracic Society (ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT) and the Fleischner Society each published guidelines for the diagnosis of IPF, which include criteria for 4 categories of confidence of a histologic usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern.Objective.—To (1) identify the role of the guidelines in pathologic assessment of UIP; (2) analyze the 4 guideline categories, including potential areas of difficulty; and (3) determine steps the Pulmonary Pathology Society and the greater pulmonary pathology community can take to improve current guideline criteria and histopathologic diagnosis of interstitial lung disease.Data Sources.—Data were derived from the guidelines, published literature, and clinical experience.Conclusions.—Both guidelines provide pathologists with a tool to relay to the clinician the likelihood that a biopsy represents UIP, and serve as an adjunct, not a replacement, for traditional histologic diagnosis. There are multiple challenges with implementing the guidelines, including (1) lack of clarity on the quantity and quality of histologic findings required, (2) lack of recognition that histologic features cannot be assessed independently, and (3) lack of guidance on how pathologists should incorporate clinical and radiographic information. Current criteria for “probable UIP” and “indeterminate for UIP” hinder accurate reflection of the likelihood of IPF. These challenges highlight the need for further morphologic-based investigations in the field of pulmonary pathology.
Published: 2020

36. Transbronchial Cryobiopsy in the Diagnosis of Diffuse Lung Disease

Author: Elena Tagliavini, Venerino Poletti, Maria Cecilia Mengoli, Thomas V. Colby, Alberto Cavazza, Claudia Ravaglia, Sara Tomassetti, Alessandra Dubini, and Giulio Rossi
Subjects: Lung Diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, Biopsy, Diffuse lung disease, Lung biopsy, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, Bronchoscopy, Usual interstitial pneumonia, medicine, Humans, Lung, Cryopreservation, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Interstitial lung disease, respiratory system, medicine.disease, respiratory tract diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Surgery, Radiology, business
Abstract: Transbronchial cryobiopsy, a new diagnostic procedure in patients with diffuse lung disease, provides larger and better-preserved lung specimens compared to forceps biopsy. The diagnostic yield of cryobiopsy is much better than that of forceps biopsy and slightly lower than that of surgical lung biopsy, but with a lower complication rate compared to the latter. Literature suggests that in the multidisciplinary approach to patients with diffuse lung disease cryobiopsy provides diagnostic and prognostic information similar to surgical lung biopsy. Cryobiopsy can also be performed in some patients unsuitable for surgical biopsy, yet in whom histologic input is needed.
Published: 2020

37. Factors influencing adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy in breastcancer‑treated women: using real‑world data to inform a switch from acute to chronic disease management

Author: Giuseppe Capri, Michele Ercolanoni, Giulia Bianchi, Gjiliola Cukaj, Helen Banks, Francesco Longo, and Marianna Cavazza
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_treatment, Psychological intervention, Comorbidity, Logistic regression, 0302 clinical medicine, Recurrence, Health care, Medicine, Depression (differential diagnoses), Aged, 80 and over, Aromatase Inhibitors, Drug Substitution, Disease Management, Middle Aged, Oncology, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Acute Disease, ADJUVANT HORMONAL THERAPY, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent, Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal, BIG DATA, Breast Neoplasms, BREAST CANCER, ADHERENCE, ADJUVANT ENDOCRINE THERAPY, ADJUVANT HORMONAL THERAPY, BIG DATA, HEALTHCARE UTILIZATION, Medication Adherence, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, ADHERENCE, BREAST CANCER, HEALTHCARE UTILIZATION, Internal medicine, Humans, Medical prescription, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Chemotherapy, business.industry, Estrogens, medicine.disease, Mental health, Tamoxifen, 030104 developmental biology, Chronic Disease, ADJUVANT ENDOCRINE THERAPY, business, Hospitals, High-Volume
Abstract: Adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) for ≥ 5 years is generally recommended for women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer to reduce cancer recurrence/mortality; however, adherence can be suboptimal. We tested determinants of AET adherence using patient characteristics, treatment pathways, AET initiation timing, and multiple healthcare facility use. An underlying objective was to explore how oncological pathways mirror chronic disease management to monitor adherence and target improvement interventions using administrative datasets. Using patient-linked administrative health data from the Italian Lombardy Region, we identified 33.291 surviving patients starting AET in 2010–2016, with two (22.939 patients) or five years (8400 patients) follow-up, using a ≥ 80% prescription refill approach to measure adherence and logistic regression to test determinants of adherence. AET crude adherence falls significantly during follow-up, from 94% at 1 Year to 58% at 5 Years. At 5 Years, patients who were older (>70), prescribed tamoxifen-only (OR 0.69; 95% CI 0.57–0.83; p = 0.0001) vs. aromatase inhibitors-only or therapy switches, treated for depression (OR 0.68; 95% CI 0.60–0.78; p
Published: 2020

38. Significance of inflammation restricted to adventitial/periadventitial tissue on temporal artery biopsy

Author: Francesco Muratore, Massimiliano Casali, Stefania Croci, Nicolò Pipitone, G. Restuccia, Antonio Fontana, Elena Galli, Carlo Salvarani, Nicolò Girolimetto, Luigi Boiardi, Lucia Spaggiari, Alberto Cavazza, Mariagrazia Catanoso, and Pierluigi Macchioni
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, Adventitia, medicine.medical_specialty, Biopsy, Giant Cell Arteritis, Inflammation, Polymyalgia rheumatica, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Rheumatology, immune system diseases, medicine, Humans, In patient, 030212 general & internal medicine, Arteritis, skin and connective tissue diseases, Retrospective Studies, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, business.industry, Retrospective cohort study, Temporal artery biopsy, medicine.disease, Temporal Arteries, GCA criteria, Giant cell arteritis, Imaging, Restricted inflammation, Visual loss, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Polymyalgia Rheumatica, Giant cell, Radiology, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: To evaluate the characteristics and significance of inflammation restricted (RI) to the adventitial and/or periadventitial tissue on temporal artery biopsy (TAB).We studied a retrospective cohort of 80 patients with RI, extending our earlier series of 39 patients. For comparison purposes, we collected the same data from 254 patients with transmural inflammation (TMI) and 81 TAB-negative patients. A review of the literature was also performed.A final diagnosis of giant cells arteritis (GCA) and/or polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) was observed in 86% of patients with RI. Compared to TMI, GCA diagnosis was significantly less frequently observed in patients with RI and in those TAB-negative (p 0.0001), while cranial manifestations were significantly less frequent (p = 0.001) and ESR and CRP values at diagnosis significantly reduced (p 0.0001). PMR, permanent visual loss, and large vessel involvement at diagnosis were equally present in the 3 subgroups. The median duration of prednisone therapy, the cumulative prednisone dosages, and the relapse and long-term remission rates were similar between patients with GCA-RI and those with TMI. The positive likelihood ratios (LRs) of pathological evidence of RI at TAB for GCA or GCA/PMR diagnoses were 0.88 (CI, 0.61-1.27) and 1.15 (CI, 0.67-1.99), while that of inflammation limited to adventitia was 1.37 (CI, 0.59-3.19) and 3.77 (CI, 0.53-26.72). In the literature review, the positive LR of RI for GCA diagnosis was 0.92 (CI, 0.68-1.25).A large part of the patients with RI have GCA/PMR, however, the diagnostic value of RI for GCA diagnosis is not relevant.
Published: 2020

39. Echo-endoscopic appearance of mediastinal metastasis from papillary renal carcinoma

Author: Nicola Facciolongo, Sofia Taddei, Roberto Tonelli, Alberto Cavazza, Roberto Piro, and Enrico Clini
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, EBUS/TBNA, Mediastinal Neoplasms, Endosonography, Renal neoplasm, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Bronchoscopy, medicine, Carcinoma, Humans, Mediastinal metastasis, Sampling (medicine), Carcinoma, Renal Cell, Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration, papillary renal carcinoma, transbronchialneedle aspiration, Imaging in Thoracic Cancer, Kidney, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Mediastinum, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, transbronchial needle aspiration, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Radiology, business, Mediastinal Diseases
Abstract: Endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS‐TBNA) is being increasingly used in the diagnostic workup of mediastinal diseases. Here, we report a patient with cystic lesions located in the mediastinum, the sampling of which facilitated the diagnosis of renal neoplasm. This paper confirms the usefulness and safety of EBUS/TBNA on cystic lesions and describes a rare presentation of intrathoracic metastases from carcinoma of the kidney.
Published: 2020

40. Biosafety in surgical pathology in the era of SARS-Cov2 pandemia. A statement of the Italian Society of Surgical Pathology and Cytology

Author: Emanuela Bonoldi, Ilaria Cozzi, Gianfranco Zannoni, Valeria Ascoli, Esther Diana Rossi, Giancarlo Murer, Emanuele Dainese, Romano Colombari, Mattia Barbareschi, Giulio Rossi, Guido Fadda, Giovanni Negri, Filippo Fraggetta, Alberto Cavazza, Anna Sapino, Gerardo Ferrara, Fabio Facchetti, and Paolo Graziano
Subjects: 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Specimens, business.industry, Statement (logic), COVID19, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Guideline, Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Surgical pathology, Biosafety, Action (philosophy), Medicine, business, Intensive care medicine, Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, Specimens
Abstract: Surgical pathology units face chemical and biological risks. While chemical risks have been intensely evaluated since the formalin ban, less attention has been drown to biological risks. The actual epidemiologic situation due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemia has raised a series of questions, which need to be addressed as soon as possible. We have to pursue two lines of action: on one side we must immediately adopt urgent measures to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection of our laboratory personnel, and on the other side we must address crucial technical and organizational aspects of biological risk reduction, preserving as much as possible the quality of tissue and cell samples. Continue reading (Download PDF)
Published: 2020

41. Transbronchial cryobiopsy increases diagnostic confidence in interstitial lung disease: A prospective multicentre trial

Author: Enrique Lerma, Werner Spengler, Claus Peter Heußel, Ulrich Costabel, Claudia Ravaglia, Jürgen Hetzel, Falko Fend, Ralf Eberhardt, Simon L.F. Walsh, Michael Böckeler, Alberto Cavazza, Arne Warth, Virginia Pajares, Marius Horger, Sara Piciucchi, Johny Verschakelen, Kaid Darwiche, Venerino Poletti, Thomas V. Colby, Maik Häntschel, Rainer Muche, Athol U. Wells, Regina Musterle, Dirk Theegarten, Alessandra Dubini, Michael Kreuter, Alfons Torrego, Sara Tomassetti, and Tomás Franquet
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Biopsy, Medizin, Lung biopsy, Bronchoscopy, Humans, Medicine, Prospective Studies, Medical diagnosis, Lung, Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Interstitial lung disease, respiratory system, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, respiratory tract diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Bronchoalveolar lavage, Diagnostic assessment, Radiology, Lung Diseases, Interstitial, business
Abstract: IntroductionThe accurate diagnosis of individual interstitial lung diseases (ILD) is often challenging, but is a critical determinant of appropriate management. If a diagnosis cannot be made after multidisciplinary team discussion (MDTD), surgical lung biopsy is the current recommended tissue sampling technique according to the most recent guidelines. Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) has been proposed as an alternative to surgical lung biopsy.MethodsThis prospective, multicentre, international study analysed the impact of TBLC on the diagnostic assessment of 128 patients with suspected idiopathic interstitial pneumonia by a central MDTD board (two clinicians, two radiologists, two pathologists). The level of confidence for the first-choice diagnoses were evaluated in four steps, as follows: 1) clinicoradiological data alone; 2) addition of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) findings; 3) addition of TBLC interpretation; and 4) surgical lung biopsy findings (if available). We evaluated the contribution of TBLC to the formulation of a confident first-choice MDTD diagnosis.ResultsTBLC led to a significant increase in the percentage of cases with confident diagnoses or provisional diagnoses with high confidence (likelihood ≥70%) from 60.2% to 81.2%. In 32 out of 52 patients nondiagnostic after BAL, TBLC provided a diagnosis with a likelihood ≥70%. The percentage of confident diagnoses (likelihood ≥90%) increased from 22.7% after BAL to 53.9% after TBLC. Pneumothoraces occurred in 16.4% of patients, and moderate or severe bleeding in 15.7% of patients. No deaths were observed within 30 days.InterpretationTBLC increases diagnostic confidence in the majority of ILD patients with an uncertain noninvasive diagnosis, with manageable side-effects. These data support the integration of TBLC into the diagnostic algorithm for ILD.
Published: 2020

42. Histopathology of vasculitis

Author: G. Bajocchi and A. Cavazza
Subjects: Vasculitis, lcsh:Internal medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Giant Cell Arteritis, lcsh:Medicine, Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Erythema Nodosum, 0302 clinical medicine, Rheumatology, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, lcsh:RC31-1245, Histopathology, business.industry, lcsh:R, Retroperitoneal Fibrosis, Sampling error, Organ Size, Gold standard (test), medicine.disease, Takayasu Arteritis, Dermatology, Clinical Practice, Disease evolution, Organ Specificity, Blood Vessels, business, Systemic vasculitis
Abstract: The range of pathologies that are related to primitive vasculitis is broad, complex and not as typical as we would expect. Clinicians should be aware that several forms of primitive and systemic vasculitis, regardless of the size of the affected vessel, may exhibit identical histological alterations. This observation has important clinical implications as it means that cases of vasculitis do not correspond clinically and histologically. Thus, while histology remains the diagnostic gold standard, it can be used only as part of the most complete clinical assessment possible. Another point worth of the clinician’s attention is that vasculitis histology changes over time, as do disease evolution and activity, even without considering the masking effects of treatment and the possibility of sampling error due to the patchy occurrence of vasculitis. The purpose of this review is to identify the most common forms of vasculitis in clinical practice, and to provide guidance to the clinician on the pathology of the vessels.
Published: 2018

43. Relapses and long-term remission in large vessel giant cell arteritis in northern Italy: Characteristics and predictors in a long-term follow-up study

Author: Antonio Fontana, Massimiliano Casali, Carlo Salvarani, G. Restuccia, Lucia Spaggiari, Raffaella Aldigeri, Luigi Boiardi, Alberto Cavazza, Luca Cimino, Stefania Croci, Mariagrazia Catanoso, Pierluigi Macchioni, Nicolò Pipitone, and Francesco Muratore
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Giant cell arteritis, Imaging, Large vessel vasculitis, Long-term remission, Predictors, Relapses, Giant Cell Arteritis, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Polymyalgia rheumatica, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Rheumatology, Prednisone, Recurrence, Internal medicine, Biopsy, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Retrospective Studies, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, Remission Induction, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Italy, Case-Control Studies, Cohort, Female, Long term remission, Vasculitis, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: To evaluate characteristics and predictors of relapses and long-term remission in an Italian cohort of patients with large-vessel (LV) giant cell arteritis (GCA).We evaluated 87 consecutive patients with LV-GCA followed up at the Rheumatology Unit of Reggio Emilia Hospital (Italy) for at least 2 years. Patients with relapses and long-term remission were compared to those without. A group of 34 patients with biopsy proven GCA without LV vasculitis (LVV) at diagnosis was considered for comparison.37 patients (42.5%) experienced one or more relapses. Nineteen (37.2%) of the 51 relapses were experienced during the first year after diagnosis. The majority of relapses occurred with doses of prednisone (PDN) ≤ 10 mg/day (74.5%). Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) (41.2%) and worsening at imaging of LVV (39.2%) were the most frequently observed relapsing manifestations. The total cumulative prednisone dose was significantly higher (p0.0001) and the total duration of PDN treatment longer (p0.0001) in relapsing patients compared to those without relapses. Relapsing patients had at diagnosis more frequently fever ≥ 38°C (p = 0.03) and visual manifestations (p = 0.03), and less frequently long-term remission (p = 0.002). In the multivariate model fever ≥ 38°C (HR 2.30, 95%CI:1.11-4.78) and total cumulative PDN dose (HR 1.18, 95%CI: 1.08-1.30) were significantly associated with an increased risk of relapses, while aortic arch involvement at imaging at diagnosis (HR 0.26, 95%CI: 0.11-0.59) and long-term remission (HR 0.27, 95%CI: 0.11-0.65) with a reduced risk. 35/84 patients (41.6%) experienced long-term remission. PMR and disease relapses were less frequently observed (p = 0.04 and p = 0.002, respectively), and the total cumulative prednisone dose was lower (p0.001) in patients with long-term remission compared to those without. In the multivariate model the presence of relapses (HR 0.21, 95%CI: 0.07-0.62) and the total cumulative PDN dose (HR 0.85, 95%CI: 0.77-0.95) were significantly negatively associated with long-term remission.In our cohort of patients with LV GCA we identified predictors of a relapsing course and long-term remission, which were observed in around half of the patients.
Published: 2019

44. Tissue and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Biomarkers in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Patients on Pirfenidone

Author: Louise Bourke, Darren Dahly, Fiachra Moloney, Barry J. Plant, Michael T. Henry, N.J. Ronan, Kevin O'Regan, Kashif A. Khan, Adeline Chelliah, Yvonne McCarthy, Deirdre Bennett, and Alberto Cavazza
Subjects: Male, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Placental growth factor, Pathology, Angiogenesis, Biopsy, Vital Capacity, Basic fibroblast growth factor, chemistry.chemical_compound, Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, 0302 clinical medicine, Lung, Aged, 80 and over, medicine.diagnostic_test, Caspase 3, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Pirfenidone, Middle Aged, Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D, Interleukin-10, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Fibroblast Growth Factor 2, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid, medicine.drug, Adult, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Pyridones, Walk Test, 03 medical and health sciences, Bronchoscopy, medicine, Humans, Fibroblast, Aged, Placenta Growth Factor, business.industry, Fibroblasts, medicine.disease, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Ki-67 Antigen, Bronchoalveolar lavage, 030228 respiratory system, chemistry, Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity, Interleukin-4, business
Abstract: Pirfenidone is a novel anti-fibrotic agent in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with proven clinical benefit. Better human tissue models to demonstrate the immunomodulatory and anti-fibrotic effect of pirfenidone are required. The purpose of the study was to use transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC), a novel technique which provides substantial tissue samples, and a large panel of biomarkers to temporally assess disease activity and response to pirfenidone therapy. Thirteen patients with confirmed idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) underwent full physiological and radiological assessment at diagnosis and after 6-month pirfenidone therapy. They underwent assessment for a wide range of potential serum and bronchoalveolar lavage biomarkers of disease activity. Finally, they underwent TBLC before and after treatment. Tissue samples were assessed for numbers of fibroblast foci, for Ki-67, a marker of tissue proliferation and caspase-3, a marker of tissue apoptosis. All patients completed treatment and investigations without significant incident. There was no significant fall in number of fibroblast foci per unit tissue volume after treatment (pre-treatment: 0.14/mm2 vs. post-treatment 0.08/mm2, p = 0.1). Likewise, there was no significant change in other markers of tissue proliferation, Ki-67 or Caspase-3 with pirfenidone treatment. We found an increase in three bronchoalveolar lavage angiogenesis cytokines, Placental Growth Factor, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A, and basic Fibroblast Growth Factor, two anti-inflammatory cytokines Interleukin-10 and Interleukin-4 and Surfactant Protein-D. TBLC offers a unique opportunity to potentially assess the course of disease activity and response to novel anti-fibrotic activity in IPF.
Published: 2018

45. Anterior cruciate ligament injury in amateur football players: risk factors and return to sport after surgical reconstruction

Author: P Pozza, M Ricci, C Tromponi, E Vecchini, E Cavazza, and F Luiso
Subjects: 030222 orthopedics, medicine.medical_specialty, Football players, biology, Sports medicine, Athletes, business.industry, Anterior cruciate ligament, 030229 sport sciences, Football, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, ACL injury, Return to sport, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, medicine, Physical therapy, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, business, human activities, Amateur
Abstract: To investigate mechanism of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, risk factors and outcome in amateur football players. We analysed with a specific questionnaire and KOOS score 81 amateur players, at 2 years from injury and operation. 62% of athletes played like midfielders, the other 38% like defenders or strikers (p 0.1). They felt at about 85% of their pre-injury level with G-ST as graft and at 89% with BTB (p > 0.1). ACL injury in amateur football athletes occurs mainly during matches and is often due to an indirect trauma. Midfielder is more at risk, especially in his preferred leg and particularly if he wears shoes with circular cleats. After recovery, first training is at about 142 days and first match at 188. KOOS score and subjective feeling of recovery show satisfactory results at 2 years from surgery.
Published: 2018

46. Colonic perforation due to severe cytomegalovirus disease in granulomatosis with polyangiitis after immunosuppression

Author: Stefano Bonilauri, Nazareno Smerieri, Carlo Salvarani, Alessandra Soriano, Alberto Cavazza, and Loredana De Marco
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cyclophosphamide, medicine.medical_treatment, Perforation (oil well), Congenital cytomegalovirus infection, ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), macromolecular substances, Gastroenterology, Colonic Diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, stomatognathic system, Rheumatology, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, Colonic perforation, 030212 general & internal medicine, Colitis, Aged, 030203 arthritis & rheumatology, business.industry, Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis, Immunosuppression, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), Cytomegalovirus Infections, Immunosuppressive Agents, business, Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, medicine.drug
Abstract: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a small-vessel necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis typically involving upper airways, lungs, and kidneys, which may lead to end-organ damage and life-threatening complications. Major infections during GPA course represent a considerable concern in the management of the disease. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and disease are rare but significant complications in the course of GPA being associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Colonic perforation due to CMV colitis is exceedingly rare and has so far almost exclusively been documented in HIV, renal transplant, and systemic lupus erythematosus patients. We reported the case of a patient affected with upper airways-limited GPA who developed acute renal failure from rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and then experienced colonic perforation due to CMV colitis a few weeks after immunosuppressive treatment with high-dose steroids and cyclophosphamide (CYC) for remission induction of the disease. We also reviewed the literature on CMV-related gastro-intestinal complications in the course of GPA and discussed contributing factors to severe manifestations of CMV infection and its reactivation.
Published: 2018

47. A narrative review on pulmonary metastases management by non-surgical local techniques: where do we stand?

Author: Serena Chiarello, Paolo Mendogni, Alessandro Palleschi, Aldo Carnevale, Anna Maria Ierardi, Martino Cavazza, Gianpaolo Carrafiello, Elvira Stellato, Davide Tosi, and Melchiore Giganti
Subjects: Lung metastases, percutaneous ablation, microwaves, radiofrequency, cryoablation, chemoembolization, sterotactic radiotherapy, medicine.medical_specialty, sterotactic radiotherapy, business.industry, General surgery, microwaves, NO, percutaneous ablation, radiofrequency, cryoablation, Medicine, Narrative review, business, chemoembolization, Lung metastases
Published: 2021

48. Surgical consideration in a patient with cirrhosis with severe portal hypertension

Author: Stephen L. Gregory, Chris Willars, and Anna Cavazza
Subjects: Liver Cirrhosis, medicine.medical_specialty, Cirrhosis, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Hepatitis C virus, Encephalopathy, General Medicine, medicine.disease, medicine.disease_cause, Gastroenterology, Nephrectomy, Rifaximin, chemistry.chemical_compound, Liver disease, chemistry, Renal cell carcinoma, Internal medicine, Hypertension, Portal, medicine, Humans, Portal hypertension, business
Abstract: A 54-year-old man with a background of repaired large inguinoscrotal hernia, right nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma, treated hepatitis C virus and alcohol-related cirrhosis. He initially presented with grade I encephalopathy (HE) and was started on rifaximin. On imaging, there was evidence of
Published: 2021

49. The HEART score with high-sensitive troponin T at presentation: ruling out patients with chest pain in the emergency room

Author: Annagiulia Gramenzi, Franco Trevisani, Margherita Baccini, Gabriele Farina, Mauro Bernardi, Mario Cavazza, Luca Santi, Santi, L, Farina, G, Gramenzi, A, Trevisani, F, Baccini, M, Bernardi, M, and Cavazza, M
Subjects: Adult, Male, Acute coronary syndrome, medicine.medical_specialty, Myocardial Infarction, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Chest pain, Risk Assessment, Severity of Illness Index, HEART score, Electrocardiography, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Troponin T, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Severity of illness, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, High-sensitive troponin, Prospective Studies, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, Aged, Retrospective Studies, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Emergency department, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Troponin, Italy, Emergency Medicine, biology.protein, Cardiology, Female, medicine.symptom, Emergency Service, Hospital, business, Diagnosi
Abstract: The HEART score is a simple scoring system, ranging from 0 to 10, specifically developed for risk stratification of patients with undifferentiated chest pain. It has been validated for the conventional troponin, but not for high-sensitive troponin. We assess a modified version of the HEART score using a single high-sensitivity troponin T dosage at presentation, regardless of symptom duration, and with different ECG criteria to evaluate if the patients with a low HEART score could be safely discharged early. The secondary aim was to confirm a statistically significant difference in each HEART score group (low 0-3, intermediate 4-6, high 7-10) in the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events at 30 and 180 days. We retrospectively analyzed the HEART score of 1597 consecutive patients admitted to the Emergency Department of our Hospital for chest pain between January 1 and June 30, 2014. Of these, 190 did not meet the inclusion criteria and 29 were lost to follow-up. None of the 512 (37.2 %) patients with a low HEART score had an event within 180 days. The difference between the cumulative incidences of events in the three HEART score groups was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). We demonstrate that it might be possible to safely discharge Emergency Department chest pain patients with a low modified HEART score after an initial determination of high-sensitive troponin T, without a prolonged observation period or an additional cardiac testing.
Published: 2016

50. Non-invasive ventilation for acute respiratory failure in the elderly

Author: Giampaolo Bianchi, Elena Martino, Rodolfo Ferrari, Daniela Agostinelli, Riccardo Voza, Mario Cavazza, Marco Zoli, Ferrari, Rodolfo, Martino, Elena, Bianchi, Giampaolo, Agostinelli, Daniela, Voza, Riccardo, Zoli, Marco, and Cavazza, Mario
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, non invasive ventilation, acute respiratory failure, elderly, business.industry, Emergency medicine, Non-invasive ventilation, Medicine, Acute respiratory failure, business
Abstract: Background: The use of NIV is spreading for acute respiratory failure (ARF) in the geriatric population. Aims: To identify NIV characteristics and predictors for success or failure for ARF in the elderly. Methods: Observational study including unselected patient consecutively treated with NIV in the Emergency Department (ED) in 5 months. We compared different subgroups according to age, ventilation mode, ARF cause; we furthermore focused on NIV as ceiling treatment (CT). Results: 245 patientsincluded; mean age 81,8 years. ARF was mainly due to ACPE (44,5%), AECOPD (29,0%) and pneumonia (16,3%). Overall failure rate was 21.2% (6.3% ETI, 19.6% mortality). In logistic regression, CT (O.R.: 50,592, p >0,001) and low SaO2 (O.R.: 0.95, p = 0.005) resulted as negative predictors, much more strongly than age (O.R.: 0,077, p = 0,782). In the > 80 years subgroup, failure cases showed lower systolic blood pressure (median 120 mmHg vs 135, p = 0.005), higher creatininemia (mean 1.37 mg/dl vs 1.13, p = 0.031), higher CRP (median 5.04 mg/dl vs 2.28, p = 0.009), lower SaO2 (median 84.1% vs. 89.1%, p = 0.034), lower HCO3- (21.7 mmol/L vs. 35,6, p = 0.020) and higher lactates (3.1 mmol/L vs. 1.4, p = 0.001). Conclusions: The efficacy of NIV for the treatment of ARF in the ED is confirmed, even in the elderly. Aging "per se" does not affect the outcome. We identified different factors (to be in CT subgroup, severe metabolic acidosis, and lower SaO2 values) increasing NIV failure rate in elderly patients aged > 80.
Published: 2018

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