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Brazil has around 14 million elderly and, in a certain area of the big cities, this population already exceeds the mark of 20%. As the person ages the risk of falls increases. One in every three people above 65 years of age suffer from some type of fall at least once a year. The objective of this study was to identify the aging factor in humanity, the risk factors in falling in the elderly and consider information about the physiotherapy role in the senior patients treatment who suffer with injuries caused by falls. A bibliographic survey was held with the use of databases of the virtual library SciELO, Pubmed and Redalic from 2007 to 2017. Among the changes resulting from aging, the ones that generate postural instability are the locomotor, sensory and nervous changes, limiting the coordination and control of postural balance, called intrinsic factors. In this sense, physical therapy has been acting in the = prevention, promotion, maintenance, and rehabilitation of pathologies affecting the elderly, extending the functional independence of this group. Based on these definitions it was possible to pinpoint prospects for the health performance in the mitigation of the effects of this event, as well as reduce the high hospital expenditures of the elderly to the public health.Keywords: Physiotherapy. Aging. Accidents caused by Falls. Elderly.ResumoO Brasil tem cerca de 14 milhões de idosos e, em determinada área das grandes cidades, esta população já ultrapassa a marca dos 20%. À medida que a pessoa envelhece o risco de quedas aumenta. Uma em cada três pessoas acima de 65 anos de idade sofrem algum tipo de queda pelo menos uma vez por ano. O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar o fator de envelhecimento na humanidade, os fatores de risco na queda em idosos e considerar informações sobre o papel desempenhado da fisioterapia no tratamento de pacientes sênior que sofrem com lesões causadas por quedas. Realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico com a utilização dos bancos de dados da biblioteca virtual SciELO, Pubmed e Redalic de 2007 a 2017. Dentre as alterações decorrentes do envelhecimento, as que mais geram instabilidade postural são as alterações no aparelho locomotor, sensorial e nervoso, limitando a coordenação e o controle do equilíbrio postural, chamados de fatores intrínsecos. Nesse sentido, a fisioterapia vem atuando na prevenção, promoção, manutenção e reabilitação de patologias que acometem o idoso, prolongando a independência funcional deste grupo. Com base nessas definições foi possível apontar perspectivas para a atuação da saúde na mitigação dos efeitos deste evento, bem como reduzir o alto gasto hospitalar destes idosos para a saúde pública.Palavras-chave: Fisioterapia. Envelhecimento. Acidente por Quedas. Idoso.

Purpose: In general, aging factor or neurological disease degrades a function of working memory, leading poor word fluency. The purpose of this study...

The aging factor caused by increace of age, often accompanied by various degenerative diseases. The dominant degenerative disease in elderly patients has the potential to require long-term care. One of the dominant occurrences is Arthritis. Problems that often arise in the elderly with arthritis are pain during activity, tingling, swelling and stiffness in the joints. Arthritis management can be done pharmacologically and non-pharmacologically, one form of non-pharmacological is warm water soaking. This research is a quantitative study, using a pre-experimental design with non-equivalent (pretest and posttest) two group design, aims to determine the effect of warm water and salt therapy on the pain scale of the elderly with Arthritis. This research was conducted at PSTW Budi Luhur Jambi, the research sample was 30 respondents. The results showed a significant difference in the mean pain scale of warm water soak therapy plus salt with warm water soak therapy without salt in the elderly with Arthritis (p-value 0,000

Background: High blood levels of the chemokine eotaxin-1 (CCL11) have recently been associated with aging and dementia, as well as impaired memory and learning in humans. Importantly, eotaxin-1 was shown to pass the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) and has been identified as crucial mediator of decreased neurogenesis and cognitive impairment in young mice after being surgically connected to the vessel system of old animals in a parabiosis model. It thus has to be assumed that differences in eotaxin-1 levels between blood donors and recipients might influence cognitive functions also in humans. However, it is unknown if eotaxin-1 is stable during processing and storage of transfusion blood components. This study assesses eotaxin-1 concentrations in fresh-frozen plasma (FFP), erythrocyte concentrate (EC), and platelet concentrate (PC) in dependence of storage time as well as the donor’s age and gender. Methods: Eotaxin-1 was measured in FFP (n = 168), EC (n = 160) and PC (n = 8) ready-to-use for transfusion employing a Q-Plex immunoassay for eotaxin-1. Absolute quantification of eotaxin-1 was performed with Q-view software. Results: Eotaxin-1 was consistently detected at a physiological level in FFP and EC but not PC. Eotaxin-1 levels were comparable in male and female donors but increased significantly with rising age of donors in both, FFP and EC. Furthermore, eotaxin-1 was not influenced by storage time of either blood component. Finally, eotaxin-1 is subject to only minor fluctuations within one donor over a longer period of time. Conclusion: Eotaxin-1 is detectable and stable in FFP and EC and increases with donor’s age. Considering the presumed involvement in aging and cognitive malfunction, differences in donor- and recipient eotaxin-1 levels might affect mental factors after blood transfusion.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is characterized by desaturation in blood oxygen level and sleep fragmentation because of repeated upper airway obstruction. Auditory Event related potentials (AERPs) are scalp recorded voltage fluctuations, which reflect several cognitive processes generated within specific brain regions during auditory stimulus processing. In this study, we aimed to investigate cognitive deficits in OSAS patients with AERPs by taking the effects of aging factor into consideration. AERPs were recorded using an auditory oddball paradigm from 27 OSAS patients (range 28 to 67 years old) and 29 healthy control subjects (range 23 to 60 years old) participated in the study. To evaluate the effects of aging, both the OSAS patients and the controls were divided into two age groups: younger ( 0.05). Our results suggest that negative effects of OSAS on cognitive functions could be observed with event-related brain responses. Changes in the P300 latencies are more robust evidence than other AERP components in evaluating cognitive deficits in OSAS patients.

Background Fluticasone propionate (FP) Diskus® is generally regarded as an easy to use and efficacious inhaled device. This study clinically evaluated whether its easy handling and inhalation process were affected by the aging factor or not, compared with those of the FP Diskhaler® and Beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP). Methods Twenty-four elderly patients with stable moderate asthma (12 aged 65-74 years and 12 aged 75 years or older) who were accustomed to using the Diskhaler® were evaluated by measuring the required time for finishing one-time inhalation with the device, compared with 7 patients aged less than 65. Ten elderly patients (5 aged 65-74 years, and 5 aged 75 years or older), who used the BDP, were also similarly evaluated and compared with 8 patients aged less than 65. All subjects then switched to use with the Diskus® and the required time for finishing one-time inhalation was measured soon after and 2 weeks after the change. The patients' usage impressions were also questioned. Results The mean required times (seconds) were significantly different between patients aged 75 years or older, and with patients less than 65 years of age; 45.8 ± 8.1 vs . 31.8 ± 12.3 ( p = 0.046) in the BDP group, and 56.8 ± 25.3 vs. 33.3 ± 18.5 (p = 0.047) in the Diskhaler®, respectively. Soon after changing to the Diskus®, those times became insignificant in both groups. After 2 weeks, the required time for using the Diskus® was significantly shortened in all age groups. 50.0% patients in the BDP group and 79.2% in the Diskhaler® group finally chose the Diskus®. Conclusions The FP Diskus® inhalation was not affected by the aging factor and all patients could quickly get accustomed to using it, suggesting its clinical efficacy for older patients.

Aging is a major risk factor for cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. A new study identified β2-microglobulin as a blood-borne factor that detrimentally influences the brain during the aging process.

Bilinski et al . (2012) recently presented a provocative commentary regarding yeast longevity and hypertrophy in this journal. We are compelled, as yeast aging researchers, to present our thinking on some of the critiques presented by Bilinski et al . First, Bilinski et al . argued against the presence of an aging factor because there is little evidence for a ‘soluble, diffusible, and degradable’ factor promoting aging. While perhaps originally defined as such, we consider an ‘aging factor’ to be something that incrementally attenuates lifespan, accumulates in mothers, and is (largely) not passed onto daughters. Thus, yeast hypertrophy, as proposed by Bilinski et al ., fits this definition. Bilinski et al . also note that yeast hypertrophy is usually ignored in articles proposing putative aging factors. While an explicit link between hypertrophy and these aging …

The association between aging factor and auto graft bone remodeling was studied in 48 cases who had been operated for lumber radiculopathy or canal stenosis. PLF was carried out for all cases. We made 4 indexes as follows:1) end-time when resorption for graft bone stopped.2) radiodensity peak-time of graft bone.3) iso-radiodensity time between graft bone and neighbouring bone tissue.4) the time when range of movement decreased to below 3 or 2 degrees at PLF level.Our study indicated that resorption of graft bone ended within 6-8 months after operation, iso-radiodensity time for graft bone was gradually lengthened as aging or bone density mass decreased, and bone union was also delayed.

Single intraperitoneal injection of splenic lymphoid cells from 20-month-old mice to 2-month-old syngeneic mice (similarly as 5-day injections of purified brain extract) leads to preterm (4 months earlier than in the control) appearance of aging factor in the blood (the main sign of old age). Combined injections of brain extract and splenic lymphoid cells led to the appearance of aging factor in the blood 5 months earlier than in the control.

In many facial plastic surgery cases, the downward turn to the corner of the mouth can be the single remaining aging factor that "spoils" an otherwise excellent rejuvenative surgical effort and is the area patients report that they wish that their facelift had corrected. This article discusses pointing out to the consultative, prospective patient the adjunctive procedures required to correct the downward turn of the mouth and help efface the deep oral commissure grooves. Various procedures and techniques for corner of the mouth rejuvenation are presented, including minimally invasive injectable fillers and planning and design technique for corner of the mouth lift surgery.

Clinical evaluations of middle ear inflation for secretory otitis media (SOM) were performed with special emphasis on the influence of seasonal and aging factors. One hundred and forty-nine children between the ages of 3 and 9 years (227 ears) were all diagnosed as SOM by pneumatic-otoscopic findings, and type B tympanogram (TG) at 3 weeks or more after the onset of acute SOM or the initial observation of SOM. Middle ears were inflated by Politzer's method or by our modified method once or twice each week for 2 months. After inflation, TG displayed two different time sequences: one group changed to the A or C type immediately after inflating the ear one or more times, but usually returned gradually to the B type (TG-improved group): and the other group remained without any changes (TG-unchanged group) for the duration of this study. The healing rate in the TG-improved group was significantly higher than in the TG-unchanged group at the 2-month endpoint. The cure rate of SOM was significantly higher in spring than in autumn in the TG-unchanged group but not in the TG-improved group. There were almost no differences between the healing rates in the 3-5 and 6-9 year-old children. When a TG-unchanged ear is found in autumn during the 2-month inflation treatment, more careful and forcible treatments should be introduced later, especially to children between the ages of 3 and 9 years.

The data from 329 gastric cancer patients (206 males and 123 females) were applied to the following statistical analysis. The stage of gastric cancer progress, which was determined by the general rules for the gastric cancer study in Japan, the counterpart of the TNM classification was predictable by a multi-variative mathematical model based on Hayashi's quantification theory which allowed to use qualitative variables as well as quantitative ones for the calculation using the variables relevant to clinical findings consisted of the grade of surgical operability, the grade of histopathological change, positive or negative liver metastasis, positive or negative histopathologically detectable lymph-node metastasis and so on. The variables relevant to clinical findings predicted accurately the stage by the above-cited model and multi-variative correlation coefficient (R2) was 0.9475, suggesting that 95% of the values predicted by those variables could identical to the observed value of the cancer stage. The variables relevant to clinical findings contributed only 29% (R2 = 0.2902) to the prediction of the histopathological grade. The stage and the histopathological grade also were predictable with the multi-variative regressive equations using the data of the clinico-pathological examinations which were administered on the day before the operation to 239 patients (139 males and 95 females) of gastric cancer and 82 control surgical patients (50 males and 32 females). The clinico-pathological indicators consisted of the SI values of Con A and PHA, leukocytes' count, lymphocytes' count, serum albumin concentration, B- and T-cell numbers. The factors which contributed to the stage, or the histopathological grade of gastric cancer were extracted respectively through principal component analysis using the respective correlation matrices consisted of the variables used for the calculation of the multi-variative regression equations in order to predict the stage or histopathological grade. For the male patients, the aging factor contributed to both of the stage and the histopathological grade. For the female patients, the factor relevant to the complication such as infectious diseases and low-nutrition emaciating the patient contributed to the cancer stage and the factor relevant to T-lymphocyte function contributed to the histopathological grade.

With regard to deformity of the fingers (chiefly Heberden's nodes) frequently occurring in Japan among workers preparing school lunches, an epidemiological study was carried out with a suspicion that this deformity might be an occupational disease. We studied the deformity of fingers among woman employees of a papermaking mill (262 mill workers in comparison with 108 office workers) who excessively use their fingers on the job like workers preparing school lunches. The results of this study showed that the number of mill workers suffering from deformity of the fingers (chiefly Heberden's nodes) was significantly (p less than 0.01) greater than that of office workers. Genetic factor, aging factor and mechanical factor have been cited as the etiological factors for the development of Heberden's nodes. However, our findings suggest that mechanical factor is a more important rather than the genetic or aging factor. As for mechanical factor, we have proposed for the first time that repetition of strong and precise pinching movement with the use of all fingers of both hands is an important factor.

A factor analysis of reaction time crossover data of 53 schizophrenic patients, 45 first-degree relatives, and 38 controls, previously reported by De Amicis and Cromwell, was performed in order to shed light upon the relationship of crossover to aging, mean reaction time, and general socioeconomic functioning. The aging factor shared variance with getting married and having children, but not with reaction time crossover. Crossover was also found to be independent of reaction time speed among first-degree relatives and control subjects; however, it was correlated with reaction time speed among actively symptomatic schizophrenic patients. Additionally, the relationship of crossover to socioeconomic functioning was found to be negative among the patients, positive among the relatives, and nonexistent among control subjects. Results are discussed in terms of previous reports of higher than normal functioning found in relatives of schizophrenic patients.

The efficiency of interactive language processing was compared in three groups: 25 young adults, 25 geriatric subjects, and 25 adult aphasic subjects. The task involved simple analogy completion. Data analysis included six categories of responses which represetned levels of convergence toward the expected relationships. Results of chi-square comparisons between groups were all significant, and indicated substantial reductions in interactive processing for geriatric subjects. The findings suggest that a general aging factor may contribute to the poor prognosis in elderly aphasic patients.