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The Dexamethasone (DEX) loaded chitosan microspheres were prepared by thermal denaturation and chemical cross-linking method using a dierent concentration of glutaraldehyde as chemical cross-linking agent. The prepared microspheres were evaluated for the percentage of Drug Loading (DL), Encapsulation Efficiency (EE) and surface morphology by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). DL and EE were found to be maximum range of 10.0 to 10.79 % and 58.19 to 64.73 % respectively. The SEM Photographs of the resultant microspheres exhibited fairly smooth surfaces and predominantly spherical in appearance. In addition, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) shown that there was no interaction between the drug and polymer. In vitro and in vivo release studies revealed that the release of dexamethasone was sustained and extended up to 63 days and effectively controlled by the extent of cross-linking agent. Non-clinical parameters such as paw volume, hematological parameters like Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), Paced Cell Volume (PCV), Total Leucocytes Count (TLC), Hemoglobin (Hb), Differential Cell Count (DCC) were investigated in Fruend's Complete Adjuvant (FCA) induced arthritic rats. Radiology and histopathological studies were also performed in order to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the DEX-loaded microspheres in extenuating the rat arthritic model.

With the objective to achieve prolonged drug release, especially for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, and thereby to reduce the side effects of administration of conventional dosage form, repaglinide loaded PMMA nanoparticles have been formulated. These nanoparticles have been developed by solvent evaporation method and were subjected to various studies for characterization including photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). These studies favorably revealed that the mean particle diameter of optimized formulation was 108.3nm and had spherical morphology with amorphous nature. Moreover, these particles were also subjected to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) for compatibility analysis between drug and polymer. The results were positive and showed that, there were no interaction between drug and polymer. The optimized formulation demonstrated favorable in vitro prolonged release characteristics. Experimental in vitro release data were substituted with available mathematical models to establish the mechanism of release of repaglinide and was found to follow zero order, diffusion and erosion mechanisms. The in vivo toxicity study in albino rats showed no significant change in biochemical and pathological examinations. Hence, the designed system could possibly be advantageous in terms of prolonged release, to achieve reduced dose frequency and improve patient compliance of repaglinide.