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Background A long-term diabetic complication, fatigue, which is a direct result of treatment and psychological processes, is a common symptom in diabetic individuals. Aims To determine the reliability and validity of Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Treatment-Fatigue Scale in Turkish patients with type 2 diabetes. Study design A methodological study. Methods The sample consisted of 133 patients with type 2 diabetes who agreed to participate in the study and met the criteria for the study. Data were collected using the descriptive information form prepared by the researcher and the Scale obtained from FACIT System. The research data were collected by face-to-face interviews with the patients. Language and content validity of the Turkish version of the Scale was provided, Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, test–retest analysis and item analysis methods were used as reliability analysis. Results The total Cronbach Alpha coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.92. According to the results of factor analysis, unlike the original scale, two sub-dimensions emerged in the Turkish version of the scale. Conclusions As a result of the validity and reliability analysis of the FACIT-Fatigue Scale, it can be said that it provides psychometric measures that can be used to determine the level of fatigue of type 2 diabetes patients in Turkish society.

Background: This study aims to investigate the factors affecting food intake in perioperative period of patients who undergo open heart surgery and the effects of body weight, albumin and hemoglobin values, nausea, vomiting and constipation on food intake.Methods: This cross -sectional study was conducted between 4 February 2015 and 4 May 2015 in a cardiovascular surgery clinic. A questionnaire including 25 questions was applied to a total of 86 volunteer participants (62 males, 24 females; mean age 61.310.8 years; range 38 to 82 years).Results: Patients consumed 38% of the food one day before the surgery and 51% one day after, 47% three days after, and 52% five days after the surgery. Factors affecting food intake were the procedure of discontinuing food intake for pre-surgery anesthesia preparation (84.9%), nausea (31.4%) one day after surgery, and constipation three (26.5%) and five (33.7%) days after surgery. Albumin levels decreased significantly in days after surgery compared to the day before surgery (p0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between food intake rates and albumin levels on the first, third and fifth days after surgery (r0.354, r0.353, and r0.521, respectively; p0.05).Conclusion: Patients’ body weight and albumin levels decreased in accordance with their nourishment status after surgery. Food intake was insufficient in the perioperative period. Amaç: Bu çalışmada açık kalp cerrahisi uygulanan hastaların perioperatif dönemde besin alımını etkileyen faktörler ve vücut ağırlığı, albümin ve hemoglobin değerleri, mide bulantısı, kusma ve kabızlığın besin alımı üzerindeki etkileri araştırıldı.Çalışma planı: Bu kesitsel çalışma 4 Şubat 2015-4 Mayıs 2015 tarihleri arasında bir kalp damar cerrahisi kliniğinde gerçekleştirildi. Toplam 86 gönüllü katılımcıya (62 erkek, 24 kadın; ort. yaş 61.2510.77 yıl; dağılım 38-82 yıl) 25 sorudan oluşan bir anket formu uygulandı.Bulgular: Hastalar cerrahiden bir gün önce besinin %38’ini, cerrahiden bir gün sonra %51’ini, üç gün sonra %47’sini ve beş gün sonra %52’sini tüketti. Besin alımını kesintiye uğratan faktörler cerrahi öncesi anestezi hazırlığında besin alımını durdurma prosedürü (%84.9), cerrahiden bir gün sonra bulantı (%31.4) ve cerrahiden üç (%26.5) ve beş (%33.7) gün sonra kabızlık idi. Albümin düzeyleri cerrahiden sonraki günlerde cerrahiden önceki bir güne kıyasla anlamlı olarak azaldı (p0.05). Cerrahi sonrası birinci, üçüncü ve beşinci günlerde besin alımı oranları ile albümin düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir pozitif ilişki vardı (sırasıyla r0.354, r0.353 ve r0.521; p0.05).Sonuç: Cerrahi sonrası hastaların beslenme durumlarına göre vücut ağırlıkları ve albümin düzeyleri azaldı. Perioperatif dönemde besin alımı yetersiz idi.

Background: This study aims to investigate relatives' thoughts and expectations on visitation of patients who are in terminal phase and being treated in cardiovascular surgery intensive care unit. Methods: This study was conducted in a cardiovascular surgery-intensive care unit between May 2014 and August 2014 using a qualitative and phenomenological study design. Eighteen volunteer relatives were included in the study. Data were collected using an introductory information questionnaire and a semi-structured interview questionnaire. Individual and face-to-face interviews were carried out and tapes were recorded. Results: The mean age of the patients was 67.1 +/- 11.5, 61.1% were males, and 66.7% were hospitalized in the intensive care unit due to heart failure. The mean intensive care unit duration was 11.0 +/- 5.8 days. The majority of the relatives were females (72.2%), 38.9% were in the 31-50 age group, 61.1% were elementary school graduates, most (61.1%) were unemployed, and 55.6% were sons or daughters of the patients. Content analysis of the relatives' statements revealed two themes; "barriers" and "expectations", and four categories including two categories for each theme. These categories were defined as "restriction of visits", "visitation hours and frequency", "information and communication" and "religious and traditional needs". Most participants reported that they encountered various restrictions on visitation, they were not informed sufficiently, and they were not fully allowed for their religious and traditional practices for their patients. Conclusion: Relatives experience various restrictions during the intensive care unit stay of their patients in terminal phase. We conclude that it is beneficial to consider relatives' expectations in the regulation of visitation.

Kidney transplantation is one of the best treatment methods for significantly improving the quality of life for patients suffering from kidney disease. Transplantation patients expose to many stress because of operation and hospital environment. Patients who had kidney transplantation, concern about emerging of rejection risk and health status of donor. It was determined that patients with whom had good communication, given information before the surgery and care needs fulfilled, were willing to participate in their care and care management after discharging. This case presentation includes implementations and evaluations of a nursing care plan which improved for caring for a patient who had kidney transplantation from his wife/husband and being hospitalized at a university hospital. Our case presentation aims to prepare standard care plan for donor and recipient, to increase patient care quality and, to reduce the nurse’s work load with the systematic approach.